Method and system for continuously monitoring urban green land improved soil bulk density

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for continuously monitoring the volume weight of urban green land improved soil. According to the method, a soil column device is used as a container foundation for acquiring soil volume weight data; the soil bulk density can be calculated by only weighing the dead weight of the soil column device and the total weight after soil improvement, observing the soil height after soil improvement and measuring the volumetric water content of the soil to the minimum extent, so that the situation that the sampling ring cutter sample is wound on the soil and is damaged in a large range, and then subsequent observation is influenced is avoided; the problems that after an existing large-particle-size hard improved material is applied to urban green land soil, a soil cutting ring sample is difficult to collect, and soil ventilation pores and infiltration rate determination are affected are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban green space soil improvement, and particularly relates to a method and system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces. Background Art

[0002] With the application of large-sized mineral improvement materials, it is crucial to measure their impact on soil physical properties, especially soil bulk density, for evaluating the improvement effect of the improvement materials.

[0003] Traditionally, soil bulk density is usually measured by collecting undisturbed soil samples with a core sampler. However, this method causes significant disturbance to the soil, resulting in the inability to continue observing the soil bulk density in situ. In addition, some improvement materials have high strength, and when the core sampler comes into contact with the improvement materials, it is easy to cause displacement of the large-sized improvement materials, disturbing the soil around the improvement materials and causing large-scale deformation of the soil inside the core sampler, affecting the measurement of soil bulk density and other physical properties. There are also some improvement materials with poor strength after soaking in water, making it easy to break the improvement materials when collecting undisturbed soil samples, such as perlite. Although the improvement materials are light and have little impact on the detection results of the bulk density of the improved soil, they have a great impact on the measurement results of soil aeration porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method for measuring soil bulk density to achieve continuous and high-precision monitoring of the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces to solve the problems that it is difficult to collect undisturbed soil samples with a core sampler after applying large-sized and hard improvement materials to urban green space soil, which affects the measurement of soil aeration porosity and infiltration rate.

[0005] A method for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces specifically includes the following steps: S1, using a weighing device to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device; The soil column device includes an inner hollow container, on the inner wall of which there are vertical scale marks, and a plurality of measurable doors that can be opened or closed are arranged in the height direction of the inner hollow container; S2, mixing the soil and the improvement materials evenly and then loading them into the soil column device, adjusting the soil moisture, and performing soil cultivation; S3, after the soil is cultivated for a specific time, using a weighing device to weigh the total weight of the soil column device; S4, reading the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device; S5, respectively measuring the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device through each measurable door; S6. Calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes step S7. Continue with soil cultivation, continuously repeat steps S4 - S6 to measure the soil bulk density in multiple stages, and analyze the change trend of the soil bulk density based on all the measured soil bulk density data, and judge the improvement effect of the improvement material according to the change trend of the soil bulk density.

[0007] Preferably, the specific steps for calculating the soil bulk density in step S6 based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions are as follows: First, calculate the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil based on the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device; Then, calculate the soil moisture mass within the soil column device based on the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device and the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil; Then, calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device, and the soil moisture mass.

[0008] Preferably, the calculation formula for the soil bulk density is:

[0009] Wherein, is the total weight of the soil column device, is the self-weight of the soil column device, is the soil moisture mass within the soil column device; The soil moisture mass within the soil column device

[0010] Wherein, is the volumetric water content of the improved soil measured from the i-th measurement window, is the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device, is the density of water, is the number of measurement windows.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of vertical scale marks are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container, and the 0 scale lines of all the scale marks are at the same horizontal height; The specific steps for reading the volume of the improved soil within the soil column device in step S4 are: Read the scale values shown by each scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container respectively, calculate the average value of the scale values shown by all the scale marks, and then calculate the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device according to the obtained average value.

[0012] Preferably, the calculation formula for the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device is:

[0013] Wherein, is the scale value shown by the th scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

[0014] Preferably, the inner hollow container is an inner hollow cylindrical structure made of PVC material.

[0015] Preferably, when measuring the volume water content of the improved soil through the measurement door and window in step S5, the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured.

[0016] Preferably, the improvement material is a hard improvement material with a particle size greater than 2 mm.

[0017] A system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces, comprising a weighing device, a soil column device, a soil moisture and temperature quick tester, and a data processing device, The weighing device is used to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device and the total weight of the soil column device loaded with soil and improvement materials after soil cultivation, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device; The soil column device is used to load soil and improvement materials and serve as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device includes an inner hollow container, and vertical scale marks for measuring the volume of the improved soil are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container. A plurality of measurement doors and windows that can be opened or closed are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container; The soil moisture and temperature quick tester is used to measure the volume water content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device, and transmit the measured volume water content of the improved soil to the data processing device; The data processing device is used to calculate the bulk density of the soil according to the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device, the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device, and the volume water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention uses a soil column device as the container basis for obtaining soil bulk density data. By simply weighing the self-weight of the soil column device and the total weight after soil improvement, observing the height of the improved soil, and measuring the soil volumetric water content, the soil bulk density can be calculated with minimal interference, avoiding the large-scale damage to the soil caused by the sampling ring knife sample, which may affect subsequent observations. This effectively solves the problem that it is difficult to collect soil ring knife samples after applying large-particle-size and hard improvement materials to urban green space soil, which affects the determination of soil aeration pores and infiltration rate.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses a soil column device as the container basis for obtaining soil bulk density data, which is equivalent to increasing the sampling density, and the calculation result is more in line with the actual bulk density of urban green space soil.

[0020] 3. The system of the present invention is simple in composition and easy to operate. The height data of the improved soil can be directly read through the scale on the inner wall of the soil column device, and the soil volumetric water content can be directly measured through the measurement window on the soil column device. During measurement, it will not cause disturbance to the improved soil or damage to the improvement materials, and can continue to conduct in-situ observation of the soil bulk density, thus realizing continuous and high-precision monitoring of the bulk density of the improved soil in the green space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the system of the present invention.

[0023] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1. Weighing device, 2. Soil column device, 21. Inner hollow container, 22. Measurement door and window, 23. Scale mark, 3. Soil moisture and temperature quick detector, 4. Data processing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be described through specific embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0025] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for continuously monitoring the improved soil bulk density of urban green spaces, specifically including the following steps: S1. Use the weighing device 1 to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device 2.

[0028] The soil column device 2 is used to load soil and improvement materials and serves as a container for soil cultivation.

[0029] The soil column device 2 includes an inner hollow container 21. Vertical scale marks 23 are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21, and a plurality of openable or closable measurement doors and windows 22 are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container 21.

[0030] Specifically, a plurality of vertical scale marks 23 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21. The 0 scale lines of all scale marks are located at the bottom of the soil column device. The measurement doors and windows 22 can be arranged between two scale marks 23.

[0031] Both the inner hollow container 21 and the measurement doors and windows 22 can be made of PVC material. The inner hollow container 21 can be designed into an inner hollow cylindrical structure or other shaped structures. In this embodiment, the inner hollow container 21 is an inner hollow cylindrical structure made of PVC material. Four vertical scale marks 23 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21, and three openable or closable measurement doors and windows 22 are provided in its height direction. The measurement doors and windows 22 are hinged to the inner hollow container 21. When measurement is required, the measurement doors and windows 22 are opened. When measurement is not required, the measurement doors and windows 22 are closed to prevent water and soil loss. After the measurement doors and windows 22 are closed, the window gap between the measurement doors and windows 22 and the inner hollow container 21 is covered with waterproof tape or the window gap between the measurement doors and windows 22 and the inner hollow container 21 is sealed by installing a sealing strip at the edge of the measurement doors and windows.

[0032] S2. Mix the soil and the improvement materials evenly and then load them into the soil column device 2, adjust the soil moisture, and carry out soil cultivation.

[0033] S3. After the soil is cultivated for a specific time, use the weighing device 1 to weigh the total weight of the soil column device 2 。

[0034] S4. Read the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 改良土 : Specifically, read the scale values shown by each scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container respectively, calculate the average value of the scale values shown by all scale marks, and then calculate the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 according to the obtained average value.

[0035] The calculation formula for the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 is as follows: (1) Wherein, is the scale value shown by the th scale mark on the inner wall of the inner hollow container, is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

[0036] In this embodiment, 4 vertical scale marks 23 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21. Therefore, the scale values H 1 , H 2 , H 3 and H 4 shown by these 4 scale marks 23 can be read respectively. Substitute the scale values H 1 , H 2 , H 3 and H 4 and the inner diameter of the inner hollow container into the above formula (1), and the volume V of the improved soil in the soil column device 2 can be calculated 改良土 。

[0037] S5. Measure the water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device 2 through the respective measurement doors and windows 22.

[0038] While measuring the water content of the improved soil through the measurement doors and windows 22, the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured.

[0039] S6. Calculate the soil bulk density according to the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2, and the water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0040] Specifically, the steps for calculating the soil bulk density are as follows: First, calculate the average value of the water content of the improved soil according to the water content of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device 2; Then, calculate the soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2 based on the average value of the improved soil volume and the improved soil volume water content in the soil column device 2. The soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2 is calculated by the following formula: (2) where is the improved soil volume water content measured from the i-th measurement door and window, is the improved soil volume in the soil column device 2, is the density of water, is the number of measurement doors and windows; Then, calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the improved soil volume and the soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2.

[0041] The formula for calculating the soil bulk density is: (3) where is the total weight of the soil column device 2, is the self-weight of the soil column device 2, is the soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, three measurement doors and windows 22 are provided in the height direction of the soil column device 2. Therefore, through these three measurement doors and windows 22, the improved soil volume water contents SW1, SW2, and SW3 (i.e., the water contents at different depths of the improved soil) at the height positions where these three measurement doors and windows are located can be measured respectively. Substitute the improved soil volume water contents SW1, SW2, and SW3 at three different height positions and the improved soil volume V of the soil column device 2 calculated in the above step S4 改良土 into formula (2), and the soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2 can be calculated. Then, substitute the total weight of the soil column device 2, the self-weight of the soil column device 2, the soil moisture mass in the soil column device 2, and the improved soil volume V of the soil column device 2 改良土 into formula (3) to calculate the soil bulk density ρb .

[0043] Preferably, it further includes step S7, continuing soil cultivation, continuously repeating steps S4 - S6 to measure the soil bulk density in multiple stages, and analyzing the change trend of the soil bulk density based on all the measured soil bulk density data. Judging the improvement effect of the improvement material according to the change trend of the soil bulk density. If the change trend of the soil bulk density obtained by multiple staged measurements is gradually decreasing, it indicates that the improvement material increases the small aggregates in the soil, reduces the soil compactness, increases the soil porosity, improves the soil structure, increases the soil air permeability and water permeability, is conducive to the internal air circulation and water infiltration of the soil, and can promote the growth of plant roots; at the same time, it also indicates that the improvement material increases the organic matter content of the soil and helps to reduce the soil density.

[0044] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned improvement material is a hard improvement material with a particle size greater than 2 mm.

[0045] The present invention also provides a system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces, and this system can continuously monitor the bulk density of improved soil in urban green spaces by using the above method.

[0046] Specifically, this system includes a weighing device 1, a soil column device 2, a soil moisture and temperature quick detector 3, and a data processing device 4. The weighing device 1 is used to weigh the self-weight of the soil column device 2 and the total weight of the soil column device 2 loaded with soil and improvement material after soil cultivation, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device 4. The soil column device 2 is used to load soil and improvement material and serve as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device 2 includes an inner hollow container 21. Vertical scale marks 23 for measuring the volume of improved soil are provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container 21. A plurality of measurable doors and windows 22 that can be opened or closed are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container 21. The soil moisture and temperature quick detector 3 is used to measure the volumetric water content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device 2, and transmit the measured volumetric water content of the improved soil to the data processing device 4. The data processing device 4 is used to calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and self-weight of the soil column device 2, the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device 2, and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different height positions.

[0047] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green space, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, using a weighing device (1) to weigh the deadweight of the soil column device (2); The soil column device (2) comprises an inner hollow container (21), the inner wall of the inner hollow container (21) is provided with vertical scale marks (23), and a plurality of openable or closable measuring doors and windows (22) are provided in the height direction of the inner hollow container (21); S2, mixing the soil and the improved material evenly and loading them into the soil column device (2), adjusting the soil moisture and performing soil cultivation; S3, after the soil is cultivated for a specific period of time, the total weight of the soil column device (2) is weighed using a weighing device (1); S4, reading the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2); S5, measuring the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different heights inside the soil column device (2) through each measuring door and window (22); S6, calculating the soil bulk density according to the total weight and deadweight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the volume water content of the improved soil at different heights.

2. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step S7, continuing soil cultivation, continuously repeating steps S4-S6 to measure the soil bulk density in multiple stages, and analyzing the soil bulk density change trend based on all the measured soil bulk density data, and judging the improvement effect of the improvement material based on the soil bulk density change trend.

3. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of calculating the soil bulk density in step S6 according to the total weight and deadweight of the soil column device (2), the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2) and the volume water content of improved soil at different heights are as follows: First, the average value of the volumetric water content of the improved soil is calculated based on the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different heights inside the soil column device (2); Then, the soil moisture mass in the soil column device (2) is calculated based on the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) and the average value of the moisture content of the improved soil volume; The soil bulk density is then calculated based on the total weight and deadweight of the soil column device (2), the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the mass of soil moisture.

4. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the soil bulk density is: r b = , in, is the total weight of the soil column device (2), is the deadweight of the soil column device (2), is the soil moisture mass in the soil column device (2); Soil moisture quality in the soil column device (2) The calculation formula is: ， in, is the volumetric water content of the improved soil measured from the i-th measuring window (22), is the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2), is the density of water, To measure the number of doors and windows (22).

5. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical scale marks (23) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inner hollow container (21), and the zero scale lines of all the scale marks (23) are located at the same horizontal height; The specific steps of reading the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2) in step S4 are: The scale values ​​displayed by each scale mark (23) on the inner wall of the inner hollow container are read respectively, and the average value of the scale values ​​displayed by all scale marks (23) is obtained, and then the volume of the improved soil in the soil column device (2) is calculated based on the obtained average value.

6. The method for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green space according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2) is: V 改良土 = ， in, The inner wall of the hollow container The scale value shown by the scale markers (23), is the inner diameter of the inner hollow container, and m is the number of scale marks (23) provided on the inner wall of the inner hollow container.

7. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hollow container (21) is an inner hollow cylindrical structure made of PVC material.

8. The method for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, while measuring the volumetric water content of the improved soil by measuring the door and window (22), the temperature of the improved soil can also be measured.

9. The method for continuously monitoring the soil bulk density of urban green space improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified material is a hard modified material with a particle size greater than 2 mm.

10. A system for continuously monitoring the bulk density of improved soil in urban green space, characterized in that: It comprises a weighing device (1), a soil column device (2), a soil moisture and temperature rapid measuring instrument (3) and a data processing device (4). The weighing device (1) is used to weigh the deadweight of the soil column device (2) and the total weight of the soil column device (2) after being loaded with soil and improved materials and soil cultivation, and can transmit the measured weight data to the data processing device (4); The soil column device (2) is used to load soil and improved materials and serves as a container for soil cultivation. The soil column device (2) comprises an inner hollow container (21). The inner wall of the inner hollow container (21) is provided with vertical scale marks (23) for measuring the volume of improved soil. The inner hollow container (21) is provided with a plurality of openable or closable measuring doors and windows (22) in the height direction. The soil moisture and temperature rapid measuring instrument (3) is used to measure the volumetric moisture content and / or temperature of the improved soil at different height positions inside the soil column device (2), and transmit the measured volumetric moisture content of the improved soil to the data processing device (4); The data processing device (4) is used to calculate the soil bulk density based on the total weight and deadweight of the soil column device (2), the volume of improved soil in the soil column device (2), and the volumetric water content of the improved soil at different heights.

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