Optical module, optical communication single board, optical receiver and optical communication method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical module, an optical communication single board, an optical receiver and an optical communication method, which are applied to the technical field of optical communication. The optical module comprises a shunt structure, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and a dispersion element, wherein the input end of the shunt structure is used for receiving a first optical signal. The first output end of the shunt structure is used for outputting a second optical signal to the input end of the first photoelectric detector, and the second output end of the shunt structure is used for outputting a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element. The second end of the dispersion element is used for outputting a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photoelectric detector. The first photoelectric detector is used for outputting a first electric signal according to the second optical signal. The second photoelectric detector is used for outputting a second electric signal according to the fourth optical signal. According to the embodiment of the invention, the anti-dispersion capability of the optical communication system is improved while the cost of the optical communication system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to an optical module, an optical communication single board, an optical receiver, and an optical communication method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of artificial intelligence and supercomputing, and the continuous emergence of various advanced technologies such as big data, cloud computing, streaming media, and 5G technologies, the demand for high-bandwidth and large-capacity transmission is increasing day by day. Relying on the advantages of optical fibers in terms of bandwidth and latency, optical communication systems have been widely used in data transmission and communication in backbone networks, metropolitan area networks, and access networks. A traditional optical communication system is a direct detection system. The direct detection system is mainly based on intensity modulation direct detection technology to obtain the amplitude information of the signal without an optical local oscillator. However, since the direct detection system only detects the amplitude of the optical signal and cannot utilize the phase information of the optical signal. Therefore, the phase change caused by dispersion cannot be compensated in the direct detection system, resulting in pulse broadening, frequency distortion, and further limiting the transmission distance of the optical signal.

[0003] In order to improve the transmission distance of optical communication, the prior art has proposed a coherent detection system. The coherent detection system includes an optical local oscillator for generating a local oscillator optical signal. The coherent detection system interferes the received optical signal with the local oscillator optical signal to convert the frequency and phase information of the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby improving the frequency utilization efficiency and anti-dispersion ability of the system. However, since the coherent detection system requires an additional optical local oscillator, and the complex receiver structure and digital signal processing algorithms result in a high cost of the system, which severely limits the application of coherent detection technology in optical communication systems.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the anti-dispersion ability of an optical communication system while reducing the cost of the optical communication system has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide an optical module, an optical communication single board, an optical receiver, and an optical communication method to achieve improving the anti-dispersion ability of an optical communication system while reducing the cost of the optical communication system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an optical module is provided. The optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element. Among them: The input end of the splitting structure is used to receive a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal. The first output end of the splitting structure is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector, and the second output end of the splitting structure is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element. The second end of the dispersion element is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector, and the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersing the third optical signal. There is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The first photodetector is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and the second photodetector is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element. Among them, the splitting structure splits the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal. The amplitude change trends of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are the same, and the phase changes are the same. The dispersion element disperses the input third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal. By performing photoelectric conversion on the fourth optical signal, a second electrical signal can be obtained. By performing photoelectric conversion on the second optical signal, a first electrical signal can be obtained. Since there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. When the first value is known, phase demodulation can be achieved based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain the first data carried on the data optical signal. By combining the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal, it is possible to protect the information carried by the data optical signal during the phase demodulation process based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, so as to ensure the processing accuracy of the phase demodulation. Through the above means, in a direct detection system, it is possible to achieve phase demodulation of a coherent optical signal without relying on a local oscillator optical signal generated by an additional optical local oscillator. Compared with a traditional direct detection system, the embodiment of this solution simplifies the direct detection structure on the receiving side, reduces costs and power consumption while maintaining the long transmission distance brought by the optical signal transmission based on a coherent detection system on the transmitting side.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the input end of the splitting structure includes a first input end and a second input end, and the first input end is used to input a data optical signal. The optical module further includes a carrier laser. Among them: The carrier laser is used to output a carrier optical signal to the second input end of the splitting structure. In an embodiment of the present application, the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal to achieve efficient and reliable communication.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the optical module further includes a digital signal processing circuit. Among them: The digital signal processing circuit is used to obtain first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the digital signal processing circuit can implement phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain the first data carried on the data optical signal.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the digital signal processing circuit further includes: an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a digital signal processor. Among them: The analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal from the analog signal form to the digital signal form. The digital signal processor is used to obtain first data according to the first electrical signal in the digital signal form and the second electrical signal in the digital signal form. In the embodiments of the present application, the digital signal processor can implement phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal in the digital signal form and the second electrical signal in the digital signal form to obtain the first data carried on the data optical signal.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the phase modulation technique is an amplitude-phase modulation technique. In the embodiments of the present application, amplitude-phase modulation uses both amplitude and phase to transmit information, which can achieve higher spectral utilization and faster transmission rate. Therefore, higher signal-to-noise ratio and better transmission performance can be obtained.

[0013] In a second aspect, an optical communication single board is provided. The optical communication single board is used for: inputting a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal. The first electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a second optical signal. The second electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a fourth optical signal. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of a third optical signal. There is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The second optical signal and the third optical signal are obtained by splitting a first optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on a phase modulation technique. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal. Obtaining first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the second electrical signal can be obtained by photoelectric conversion of the fourth optical signal. The first electrical signal can be obtained by photoelectric conversion of the second optical signal. Because there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. When the first value is known, the optical communication single board can implement phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain the first data carried on the data optical signal. By combining the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal, it is possible to protect the information carried by the data optical signal during the process of phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, so as to ensure the processing accuracy of phase demodulation.

[0014] In a third aspect, an optical module is provided, including: a phase modulator, a first laser, and a multiplexing structure. The input end of the phase modulator is used to input a reference optical signal. The modulation control end of the phase modulator is used to receive a modulation electrical signal, and the voltage amplitude of the modulation electrical signal is used to indicate first data. The phase modulator is used to modulate the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal, and the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying the first data based on phase modulation technology. The first laser is used to output a carrier optical signal, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal. The multiplexing structure is used to output a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal. In the embodiments of the present application, the optical module includes a phase modulator, a first laser, and a multiplexing structure. Among them, the phase modulator modulates the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal. Since the voltage amplitude of the modulation electrical signal is used to indicate the first data, the data optical signal carries the first data for subsequent demodulation to obtain the first data. At the same time, the multiplexing structure can protect the information carried by the data optical signal by multiplexing the carrier optical signal output by the first laser, so as to ensure the processing accuracy of phase demodulation.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the first laser is further used to: output a reference optical signal to the phase modulator. In the embodiments of the present application, the first laser can output both a reference optical signal and a carrier optical signal, saving the cost of one laser in the hardware structure, thereby further reducing the cost of the optical communication system.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the optical module further includes a second laser. Among them: the second laser is used to output a reference optical signal to the phase modulator. In the embodiments of the present application, by setting the second laser to output a reference optical signal, the first laser only needs to output a carrier optical signal, which can improve the power budget of the reference optical signal and the carrier optical signal, and further enable the optical communication system to cover a longer transmission distance.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the phase modulator is an amplitude-phase modulator. In the embodiments of the present application, the amplitude-phase modulator modulates the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal. At the same time, both the amplitude and phase of the data optical signal are used to transmit information, achieving higher spectral utilization and faster transmission rate, so higher signal-to-noise ratio and better transmission performance can be obtained.

[0018] Fourth aspect, a optical communication method is provided, including: splitting a first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal. Dispersion processing is performed on the third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. A first electrical signal is output according to the second optical signal, and a second electrical signal is output according to the fourth optical signal.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, it further includes: obtaining first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the phase modulation technology is amplitude-phase modulation technology.

[0021] Fifth aspect, a optical communication method is provided, including: inputting a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal. The first electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of the second optical signal. The second electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of the fourth optical signal. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The second optical signal and the third optical signal are obtained by splitting the first optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal. First data is obtained according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

[0022] Sixth aspect, a optical communication method is provided, including: inputting a reference optical signal and receiving a modulated electrical signal. The voltage amplitude of the modulated electrical signal is used to indicate first data. The reference optical signal is modulated according to the modulated electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal, and the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The data optical signal and the carrier optical signal are combined to obtain a first optical signal, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the phase modulation technology is amplitude-phase modulation technology.

[0024] In a seventh aspect, an optical receiver is provided, which includes an optical module and an optical communication single board. The optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element. Among them: the input end of the splitting structure is used to receive a first optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than that of the data optical signal. The first output end of the splitting structure is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector, and the second output end of the splitting structure is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element. The second end of the dispersion element is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersing the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The first photodetector is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and the second photodetector is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal. The optical communication single board is used to obtain the first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

[0025] In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which includes instructions; when the instructions run on a processor, the processor is caused to execute the optical communication method of the fifth aspect.

[0026] Regarding the technical principles and beneficial effects of the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth aspects, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of the first, second, and third aspects above, and details will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The structure of an optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 The structure of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 The structure of yet another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 4 The structure of yet another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0031] Figure 5 The structure of yet another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0032] Figure 6 The structure of yet another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present applicationFigure 6 ;

[0033] Figure 7 The structure of another optical communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 7 ;

[0034] Figure 8 The structural diagram of a receiving optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 The structure of another optical communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 8 ;

[0036] Figure 10 The structure of another optical communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 9 ;

[0037] Figure 11 The structure of another optical communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 10 ;

[0038] Figure 12 The flowchart of an optical communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 13 The structure of another optical communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 10 One;

[0040] Figure 14 The flowchart of a phase reconstruction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 15 The flowchart of a complex signal recovery provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 16 The simulation result diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the same type of features, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance, quantity, order, etc.

[0044] The terms "exemplary" or "for example" etc. involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Exactly speaking, using the terms "exemplary" or "for example" etc. aims to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0045] The terms "coupling" and "connection" involved in the embodiments of this application should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can refer to a direct physical connection or an indirect connection implemented through electronic devices, such as a connection achieved through resistors, inductors, capacitors, or other electronic devices.

[0046] First, some basic concepts involved in the embodiments of this application are explained:

[0047] Spectral efficiency: It is used to measure the effectiveness of a system and describes how much capacity can be provided. It is defined as the ratio of the effective information rate R transmitted by the system to the communication channel bandwidth B, that is, the number of bits that can be transmitted per second on a unit bandwidth transmission channel, representing the utilization efficiency of the system for spectral resources.

[0048] Dispersion: It is caused by the different propagation speeds of different frequency components in an optical signal in an optical fiber. This speed difference causes changes in the phase and polarization state of the optical signal, resulting in scattering and attenuation of the optical signal during transmission. Dispersion causes the pulse of the optical signal to broaden, limiting the transmission distance of the optical signal. To reduce the impact of dispersion, it is usually necessary to add dispersion compensation fibers or use dispersion-shifted fibers and other technologies in the optical fiber link to compensate for dispersion.

[0049] Dispersion element: An optical device that plays a role in regulating and controlling optical signals during optical transmission. The main function of a dispersion element is to make light of different wavelengths have different propagation speeds in space, thereby causing the phenomenon of light dispersion. Dispersion elements are widely used in fields such as optical communication, spectral analysis, and optical imaging, and play an important role and position in optical technology. In an optical communication system, due to the different propagation speeds of light of different wavelengths in an optical fiber, the phenomenon of signal dispersion will occur. A dispersion element can suppress or compensate the dispersion effect of the signal by adjusting the propagation speed of light of different wavelengths, thereby improving the transmission performance and reliability of the optical fiber communication system.

[0050] In-phase quadrature (IQ) modulation: It is a way to implement digital modulation. In IQ modulation, an input signal is divided into two paths, namely the I path and the Q path. The I path signal represents the phase of the signal to be transmitted, and the Q path signal represents the amplitude of the signal. Each path signal is multiplied by an orthogonal carrier (i.e., a carrier with a 90° phase difference). In this way, the I path signal is multiplied by the in-phase carrier, and the Q path signal is multiplied by the orthogonal carrier. The results of these two multiplications are then added to generate an output signal, which contains the information of the original signal. In this process, the input signal is converted into an output signal, and this conversion is achieved by using an IQ modulator. IQ modulation can obtain higher signal-to-noise ratio and broadband efficiency by modulating the phase and amplitude of the signal on two carrier waveforms with a 90° phase difference.

[0051] Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM): It is a digital modulation technique that can be implemented through IQ modulation. It divides the data signal into two mutually orthogonal carriers and then performs amplitude modulation on them. The principle of QAM is based on the orthogonality principle. In QAM, the original message signal is decomposed into multiple orthogonal signals and then modulated onto the corresponding carriers respectively. These orthogonal signals are based on the orthogonal vector space, so they are independent of each other and can be transmitted simultaneously without interference.

[0052] Amplitude Phase Keying (APK): It is a digital modulation technique that can be implemented through IQ modulation. At the same time, amplitude phase modulation uses quadrature amplitude modulation technology. In amplitude phase modulation, the data signal is represented by the amplitude changes of two mutually orthogonal carriers. Amplitude phase modulation uses a high-frequency carrier and a low-frequency information signal to transmit information. In amplitude phase modulation, the information signal modulates both the amplitude and phase of the high-frequency carrier to generate a modulated signal suitable for transmission in the channel. Specifically, in amplitude phase modulation, the input signal is divided into two components: the in-phase component and the quadrature component. The modulation process includes multiplying the input signal by two orthogonal carriers (usually referred to as the I-channel and Q-channel carriers, and the phases of these two carriers differ by 90 degrees). The in-phase component is multiplied by the I-channel carrier, and the quadrature component is multiplied by the Q-channel carrier. Then the results of these two multiplications are added together to obtain the modulated signal. The amplitude and phase of the modulated signal are both controlled by the input signal. In terms of amplitude, the amplitude of the input signal determines the amplitude of the modulated signal; in terms of phase, the phase information of the input signal is transferred to the phase of the modulated signal. The advantages of amplitude phase modulation include higher spectral utilization and faster transmission rate. Since both amplitude and phase are used to transmit information simultaneously, higher signal-to-noise ratio and better transmission performance can be obtained.

[0053] An embodiment of the present application provides an optical communication system, as Figure 1 shown. The optical communication system 10000 includes an optical receiver 1000 and an optical transmitter 2000. The optical receiver 1000 and the optical transmitter 2000 communicate based on a transmission optical fiber. The optical receiver 1000 includes a receiving optical communication single board 1100 and a receiving optical module 1200. The optical transmitter 2000 includes a transmitting optical communication single board 2100 and a transmitting optical module 2200.

[0054] In some possible implementation manners, as Figure 1The optical communication system 10000 shown can be a direct detection system. The optical transmitter of this direct detection system uses intensity modulation. The input electrical signal intensity-modulates the light source through a drive circuit and is converted into a modulated complex signal for transmission in the optical fiber. After the optical signal is transmitted in the optical fiber, it is input into the optical receiver. The optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by a photodetector. After the electrical signal is amplified, it is reshaped through signal recovery, and finally an electrical signal is output. The direct detection system receiver only needs to use one photodetector, so the system structure is relatively simple and easy to implement. At the same time, because the direct detection system uses direct detection technology, it does not require complex demodulation circuits and frequency analysis equipment, reducing the cost of the system. However, because the direct detection system directly converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, the sensitivity of the receiver is limited by the performance of the photodetector and it is difficult to reach a high level. At the same time, because the direct detection system can only detect the intensity of the optical signal, it cannot utilize the phase and polarization information of the optical signal. The lack of phase prevents the reconstruction of the vector field signal in optical fiber transmission, hindering the effective compensation of distortions such as dispersion and nonlinearity caused by the optical fiber by the digital signal processor (DSP) at the receiving end.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 1 The optical communication system 10000 shown can be a coherent detection system. This coherent detection system uses coherent detection, an indirect detection technology. Utilizing the coherence characteristics of light, the laser echo signal and the local oscillator signal are coherently mixed on the detector to output an intermediate frequency signal. The target information is modulated in the intermediate frequency signal, and the relevant information of the target is obtained by processing the intermediate frequency signal. Because this detection method introduces a local oscillator signal, it improves the detection sensitivity, reduces the minimum detectable power, and can obtain the phase and frequency changes of the laser echo. Therefore, the precise measurement ability of laser coherence is better than that of direct detection, with advantages such as high sensitivity, multiple detectable information features, and high conversion gain, enabling high-precision detection and identification of the target. However, the coherent detection system has a complex structure. Each polarization state at the receiving end requires a 90° mixer, a local oscillator, and four balanced photodetectors, and more digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital converters are used. Although higher sensitivity is achieved, it thus has a higher cost.

[0056] In order to reduce the cost of the coherent detection system and recover the phase information of the signal at the optical receiver end, in some possible embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a first optical communication system 10000A. The first optical communication system 10000A includes a first optical receiver 1000A and a first optical transmitter 2000A. The first optical receiver 1000A includes a first receiving optical communication single board 1100A and a first receiving optical module 1200A. The first optical transmitter 2000A includes a first transmitting optical communication single board 2100A and a first transmitting optical module 2200A.

[0057] In some examples, the first optical transmitter 2000A is configured to perform a Hilbert transform on an initial transmitted optical signal to generate a complex signal with carrier-suppressed optical single-sideband modulation and input it into the first optical receiver 1000A.

[0058] In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the first receiving optical module 1200A includes a local oscillator 1210A, a first multiplexing structure 1220A, and a first single-ended photodetector 1230A. The first receiving optical communication single board 1100A includes a first analog-to-digital converter 1110A and a first digital signal processor 1120A. The local oscillator 1210A is configured to output a local oscillator optical signal. The first multiplexing structure 1220A couples the single-sideband modulation complex signal input to the first optical receiver 1000A and the local oscillator optical signal, and outputs a coupled optical signal. The first single-ended photodetector 1230A performs photoelectric detection on the input coupled optical signal and outputs an electrical signal in analog form. Then, the first analog-to-digital converter 1110A converts the electrical signal in analog form into a digital signal, and the first digital signal processor 1120A performs subsequent processing on the digital signal. The first receiving optical communication single board 1100A mainly includes two branches: amplitude recovery and phase recovery. Its core principle is based on the Kramers-Kronig relationship. Under the condition of satisfying the minimum phase condition, that is, the number of turns of the trajectory of the complex optical signal around the zero point in the complex plane is zero, the intensity and phase information of the optical signal are restored through direct detection and iterative calculation, so as to reconstruct the complete single-sideband vector field signal. However, the first optical receiver 1000A needs to have a local oscillator 1210A, and the signal is modulated into a single sideband, wasting half of the electrical spectrum resources. In addition, the first receiving optical communication single board 1100A needs to perform algorithm iteration during the process of restoring the signal, resulting in a relatively high computational complexity.

[0059] To improve the utilization of the electrical spectrum by the optical communication system, in some possible embodiments, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a second optical communication system 10000B. The second optical communication system 10000B includes a second optical receiver 1000B and a second optical transmitter 2000B. The second optical receiver 1000B includes a second receiving optical communication single board 1100B and a second receiving optical module 1200B. The second optical transmitter 2000B includes a second transmitting optical communication single board 2100B and a second transmitting optical module 2200B.

[0060] In some examples, as Figure 3 shown, the second transmitting optical module 2200B includes a first phase modulator 2210B, a first signal laser 2220B, a first carrier laser 2230B, and a second multiplexing structure 2240B. Among them, the light wave output by the first signal laser 2220B is modulated into a vector field signal, denoted as S(t), by the first phase modulator 2210B operating in space. The light wave output by the first carrier laser 2230B is used as an idle optical carrier without modulating any information, denoted as C. The signal S(t) and the signal C are coupled by the second multiplexing structure 2240B and then the coupled optical signal C + S(t) is output to the second optical receiver 1000B.

[0061] Exemplarily, the first phase modulator 2210B can be an IQ modulator.

[0062] Exemplarily, the second multiplexing structure 2240B can be a coupler.

[0063] In some examples, as Figure 3 shown, the second receiving optical module 1200B includes a first 90° optical mixer 1210B, an optical delay line 1220B, a second single-ended photodetector 1230B, a first balanced photodetector 1240B, and a second balanced photodetector 1250B. After the second optical receiver 1000B inputs the coupled optical signal C + S(t), the coupled optical signal C + S(t) is first divided into two paths. One path is directly input into the first 90° optical mixer 1210B. The other path passes through the optical delay line 1220B for a delay time τ to obtain C + S(t - τ), and C + S(t - τ) is split into two parts. One part of the C + S(t - τ) signal passes through the second single-ended photodetector 1230B to obtain R 1 , and the other part of the C + S(t - τ) signal is input into the first 90° optical mixer 1210B. The two optical signals C + S(t) and C + S(t - τ) pass through the first 90° optical mixer 1210B and then pass through the first balanced photodetector 1240B to obtain a photocurrent I 1 , and pass through the second balanced photodetector 1250B to obtain a photocurrent I 2 . The second receiving optical communication single board 1100B inputs R 1 , I 1 and I 2After that, through multiple iterations to eliminate the signal-to-signal beat interference (SSBI) between signals, the vector field signal is restored. Although the electrical spectrum utilization efficiency of the second optical communication system 10000B provided by this solution is higher than that of the first optical communication system 10000A, it is necessary to use the first carrier laser 2230B, the first 90° optical mixer 1210B, and three photodetectors including the second single-ended photodetector 1230B, the first balanced photodetector 1240B, and the second balanced photodetector 1250B for each polarization state. Compared with the coherent receiver, the device cost is not significantly reduced. Also, iteration is required when restoring the vector field signal, and the computational complexity is higher than that of the first optical communication system 10000A.

[0064] In order to reduce the computational complexity of the optical communication system when restoring the vector field signal, in some possible embodiments, such as Figure 4 shown, this embodiment provides a third optical communication system 10000C. The third optical communication system 10000C includes a third optical receiver 1000C and a third optical transmitter 2000C. The third optical receiver 1000C includes a third receiving optical communication single board 1100C and a third receiving optical module 1200C. The third optical transmitter 2000C includes a third transmitting optical communication single board 2100C and a third transmitting optical module 2200C.

[0065] In some examples, such as Figure 4 shown, the third transmitting optical module 2200C includes a second signal laser 2210C, a first polarization beam splitter 2220C, a second phase modulator 2230C, and a polarization beam combiner 2240C. Among them, the light wave output by the second signal laser 2210C is divided into two paths by the first polarization beam splitter 2220C. One path is used as the carrier optical signal, and the other path is modulated by the second phase modulator 2230C to obtain two light waves with orthogonal polarization states. The two light waves with orthogonal polarization states carry a vector signal based on IQ modulation (x polarization state) and an idle optical carrier without modulation information (y polarization state) respectively. The two light waves with orthogonal polarization states are coupled by the polarization beam combiner 2240C and then output to the third optical receiver 1000C.

[0066] Exemplarily, the second phase modulator 2230C can be an IQ modulator.

[0067] In some examples, such as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the third receiving optical module 1200C includes a second 90° optical mixer 1210C, a second polarization beam splitter 1220C, a third balanced photodetector 1230C, a fourth balanced photodetector 1240C, and a fifth balanced photodetector 1250C. After the third optical receiver 1000C inputs the coupled optical signal, first, it is split into two orthogonal polarization states, x and y, by the second polarization beam splitter 1220C. Second, the parameter S is detected by the third balanced photodetector 1230C. R1 . Third, after passing through the second 90° optical mixer 1210C, the parameter S is detected by the fourth balanced photodetector 1240C R2 , and the parameter S is detected by the fifth balanced photodetector 1250C R3 . The third receiving optical communication single board 1100C constructs a preset vector equation, such as the Stokes vector equation, based on the parameters S R1 , S R2 , and S R3 , and then solves to recover the original signal. Compared with the first optical communication system 10000A and the second optical communication system 10000B, the third optical communication system 10000C provided in this embodiment has the lowest data processing complexity. However, the third optical receiver 1000C in the third optical communication system 10000C requires a second 90° optical mixer 1210C, and each polarization state requires three balanced photodetectors, namely the third balanced photodetector 1230C, the fourth balanced photodetector 1240C, and the fifth balanced photodetector 1250C. Its receiving-end device cost is higher than that of the second optical communication system 10000B.

[0068] In summary, in the embodiments shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and Figure 4 , the first optical communication system 10000A, the second optical communication system 10000B, and the third optical communication system 10000C, as a compromise solution, adopt an advanced direct detection architecture to achieve a balance between performance and cost power consumption. Based on the estimation of devices such as lasers, analog-to-digital converters, and photodetectors, the cost and power consumption of the advanced direct detection system are between those of the direct detection system and the coherent system, and it can be used as an alternative transmission solution for 1.6T optical modules. However, the first optical communication system 10000A has a lower cost, but the signal is modulated into a single sideband, wasting half of the electrical spectrum resources. The electrical spectrum efficiency of the second optical communication system 10000B is higher than that of the first optical communication system 10000A, but its device cost has not been significantly reduced compared with the coherent detection system. At the same time, iteration is also required, and the computational complexity is relatively high. Compared with the first optical communication system 10000A and the second optical communication system 10000B, the third optical communication system 10000C has the lowest data processing complexity, but its receiving-end device cost is higher than that of the second optical communication system 10000B.

[0069] In order to reduce the cost of an optical communication system while improving the dispersion resistance of the optical communication system, in some possible embodiments, such as Figure 5 shown, this embodiment provides a fourth optical communication system 10000D. The fourth optical communication system 10000D includes a fourth optical receiver 1000D and a fourth optical transmitting optical module 2000D. The fourth optical receiver 1000D includes a fourth receiving optical communication single board 1100D and a fourth receiving optical module 1200D. The fourth optical transmitter 2000D includes a fourth transmitting optical communication single board 2100D and a fourth transmitting optical module 2200D.

[0070] In some examples, such as Figure 5 shown, the fourth receiving optical module 1200D includes a splitting structure 1210D, a first photodetector 1220D, a second photodetector 1230D, and a dispersion element 1240D. The input end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to receive a first optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal. The first output end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector 1220D, and the second output end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element 1240D. The second end of the dispersion element 1240D is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector 1230D. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with the first numerical value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The first photodetector 1220D is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and the second photodetector 1230D is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal.

[0071] Exemplarily, such as Figure 6 shown, the fourth receiving optical module 1200D further includes a second carrier laser 1250D. The second carrier laser 1250D is used to generate a carrier optical signal. The input end of the splitting structure 1210D includes a first input end and a second input end. The first input end is used to input a data optical signal, and the second input end is used to input a carrier optical signal.

[0072] Exemplarily, such as Figure 7 shown, the splitting structure 1210D includes a third combiner 1211D and a splitter 1212D. The input end of the third combiner 1211D includes a first input end and a second input end. The first input end is used to input a data optical signal, and the second input end is used to input a carrier optical signal. The output end of the third combiner 1211D is used to output a first optical signal to the splitter 1212D. The third combiner 1211D can be a coupler.

[0073] In some examples, the fourth optical communication single board 1100D is used to obtain first data based on a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal. The fourth optical communication single board 1100D may be a digital signal processing circuit. Among them, the digital signal processing circuit may include an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processor.

[0074] In some examples, the function of the receiving optical communication single board may be integrated into the receiving optical module. As Figure 8 shown, the fourth receiving optical module 1200D includes a splitting structure 1210D, a first photodetector 1220D, a second photodetector 1230D, a dispersion element 1240D, and a digital signal processing circuit 1270D. The input end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to receive a first optical signal. The first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology. The optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal. The first output end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector 1220D, and the second output end of the splitting structure 1210D is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element 1240D. The second end of the dispersion element 1240D is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector 1230D. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. The first photodetector 1220D is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal. The second photodetector 1230D is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal. The digital signal processing circuit 1270D is used to obtain first data based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

[0075] Exemplarily, as Figure 8 shown, the digital signal processing circuit 1270D includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 1271D and a digital signal processor 1272D. Among them, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 1271D is used to convert the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal from an analog signal form to a digital signal form. The digital signal processor 1272D is used to obtain first data based on the first electrical signal in digital signal form and the second electrical signal in digital signal form.

[0076] In some examples, as Figure 9As shown in the figure, the fourth transmitting optical module 2200D includes a third phase modulator 2210D, a first laser 2220D, and a fourth combining structure 2230D. Among them, the input end of the third phase modulator 2210D is used to input a reference optical signal. The modulation control end of the third phase modulator 2210D is used to receive a modulation electrical signal, and the voltage amplitude of the modulation electrical signal is used to indicate the first data. The third phase modulator 2210D is used to modulate the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal, and the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying the first data based on the phase modulation technology. The first laser 2220D is used to output a carrier optical signal, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal. The fourth combining structure 2230D is used to output a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal.

[0077] Exemplarily, as Figure 10 shown in the figure, the first laser 2220D is further used to: output a reference optical signal to the third phase modulator 2210D. In this embodiment, the first laser 2220D is used to output a reference optical signal and a carrier optical signal, which can save the cost of one laser in the hardware structure, thereby further reducing the cost of the optical communication system.

[0078] Exemplarily, as Figure 11 shown in the figure, the fourth transmitting optical module 2200D further includes a second laser 2240D. The second laser 2240D is used to output a reference optical signal to the third phase modulator 2210D. In this embodiment, the first laser 2220D is used to output a carrier optical signal, and the second laser 2240D is used to output a reference optical signal. By setting two lasers to output the reference optical signal and the carrier optical signal respectively, the power budget of the signal optical signal and the carrier optical signal can be improved, and then the optical communication system can cover a longer transmission distance. At the same time, since the carrier optical signal is used to protect the information carried by the data optical signal to ensure the processing accuracy of phase demodulation, the first laser 2200D can use a laser with lower cost and larger bandwidth, which can further reduce the cost and power consumption of the optical communication system.

[0079] Exemplarily, the fourth combining structure 2230D can be a coupler.

[0080] Exemplarily, the third phase modulator 2210D is an amplitude-phase modulator, such as an IQ modulator.

[0081] In some possible embodiments, the fourth optical communication system 10000D, the fourth optical receiver 1000D, the fourth optical transmitter 2000D, the fourth transmitting optical module 2200D, and the fourth receiving optical module 1200D provided in this embodiment can be applied to products such as 1.6T 10km optical modules, 400G 40km optical modules, or 100G 10km optical modules.

[0082] Based on the foregoing Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown structure, an optical communication method including the following steps S100 - S500 as shown in Figure 12 can be implemented. The specific steps include:

[0083] S100. Combine the data optical signal and the carrier optical signal to obtain a first optical signal.

[0084] In some possible embodiments, the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal.

[0085] In some examples, as shown in Figure 6 , the first optical signal can be synthesized by the splitting structure 1210D.

[0086] In some examples, as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 , the carrier optical signal can be output by the second carrier laser 1250D.

[0087] In some examples, as shown in Figure 9 , the carrier optical signal can be output by the first laser 2220D.

[0088] Step S100 may include the following sub - steps:

[0089] S110. Modulate the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal.

[0090] In some possible embodiments, the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying the first data based on phase modulation technology. The phase modulation technology is amplitude - phase modulation technology.

[0091] In some examples, as shown in Figure 9 , the input end of the third phase modulator 2210D is used to input the reference optical signal, and the modulation control end of the third phase modulator 2210D is used to receive the modulation electrical signal. Among them, the voltage amplitude of the modulation electrical signal is used to indicate the first data. The third phase modulator 2210D modulates the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal.

[0092] In some examples, as Figure 10 shown, the reference optical signal can be output by the first laser 2220D.

[0093] In some examples, as Figure 11 shown, the reference optical signal can be output by the second laser 2240D.

[0094] In some examples, as Figure 6 shown, the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal are multiplexed by the splitting structure 1210D to obtain a first optical signal.

[0095] In some examples, as Figure 9 shown, the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal are multiplexed by the fourth multiplexing structure 2230D to obtain a first optical signal.

[0096] S200. Split the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal.

[0097] In some possible embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the first optical signal is input to the input end of the splitting structure 1210D and split to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal. The first output end of the splitting structure 1210D outputs the second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector 1220D, and the second output end of the splitting structure 1210D outputs the third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element 1240D.

[0098] S300. Perform dispersion processing on the third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal.

[0099] In some possible embodiments, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the dispersion element 1240D performs dispersion processing on the third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal. The fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with the first numerical value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal.

[0100] S400. Output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal and output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal.

[0101] In some possible embodiments, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the first electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of the first photodetector 1220D according to the second optical signal. The second electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of the second photodetector 1230D according to the fourth optical signal.

[0102] S500. Obtain first data based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

[0103] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 13 In the fourth optical communication system 10000D shown, the third phase modulator 2210D modulates the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a preset modulation format data optical signal s(t), and the first laser 2200D outputs a carrier optical signal A. The data optical signal s(t) and the carrier optical signal A are coupled together according to a first preset energy ratio through the fourth multiplexing structure 2230D to output a first optical signal Es(t). The first optical signal Es(t) is transmitted to the fourth optical receiver 1000D through an optical fiber with a length of L. The splitting structure 1210D splits the received first optical signal Es(t) into a second optical signal and a third optical signal according to a second preset energy ratio. The second optical signal is detected by the first photodetector 1220D to obtain a first electrical signal, and the detected value of the intensity of the first electrical signal is P(t). After the third optical signal is transmitted through the dispersion element 1240D with a length of z and a group velocity dispersion coefficient of β 2 it is then detected by the second photodetector 1230D to obtain a second electrical signal, and the detected value of the intensity of the second electrical signal is P d (t). The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are sampled by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 1271D at a preset sampling rate into parallel digital signal forms P(i) and P d (i). P(i) and P d (i) then solve the temporal transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) through the digital signal processor 1272D to reconstruct the lost phase information after direct detection and obtain the first data.

[0104] It should be understood that this embodiment does not limit the first preset energy ratio, the second preset energy ratio, the optical fiber transmission distance, and the sampling rate.

[0105] In some examples, the preset modulation format can be 16QAM. The first preset energy ratio can be 9:1. The optical fiber transmission distance with a length of L can be 10 km. The second preset energy ratio can be 5:5. The sampling rate can be 4 times, that is, 4 sampling points per symbol.

[0106] In some examples, when propagating in a dispersive medium, the intensity of the optical signal will change in the transmission direction, and at different moments during transmission, the intensity and phase of the optical signal will also change. According to the optical fiber transmission theory, for the detected signal power P(t) of the optical signal that has not passed through the dispersion element 1240D and the detected signal power P of the optical signal after passing through the dispersion element 1240D d(t), and the two satisfy the time-domain intensity transport equation shown in Equation (1). The time-domain intensity transport equation establishes the connection between the spatial intensity change caused by dispersive propagation and the intensity and phase changes at different times.

[0107]

[0108] Among them, t represents the time passing through the dispersive element, z represents the length of the dispersive medium, represents the phase of the optical signal, and β 2 represents the group velocity dispersion coefficient, represents the differential of the length of the dispersive medium, represents the differential of the transmission time in the dispersive element. P can represent the optical signal power P(t) without passing through the dispersive element or the optical signal power P d (t).

[0109] Exemplarily, in order to apply the continuous partial differential equation shown in Equation (1) to the discrete digital signal sample blocks P(i) and P d (i), a difference approximation is made to the equation shown in Equation (1) and rewritten as the following Equation (2):

[0110]

[0111] Among them, P(i) represents the power of the i-th sampling signal without passing through the dispersive element, represents the phase of the i-th sampling signal, Δt represents the sampling interval, and P d (i) represents the power of the i-th sampling signal passing through the dispersive element, and d represents the dispersion value of the dispersive element.

[0112] Specifically, as Figure 14 shown, it is the flowchart for reconstructing the phase information of the first optical signal by solving the TIE. As Figure 15 shown, it is the flowchart for recovering the complex signal (i.e., the first optical signal). The first optical signal Es(t) is split by the splitting structure 1210D to obtain the first electrical signal P(t) and the second electrical signal P d (t). The first electrical signal P(t) and the second electrical signal P d (t) are sampled at a preset sampling rate to obtain the electrical signals P(i) and P d (i) in digital signal form. Based on P(i) and P d (i), the phase information of the first optical signal is solved and the amplitude information of the first optical signal is obtained based on P(i). Combining the phase information and the amplitude information of the first optical signal, the first optical signal can be reconstructed.

[0113] Furthermore, based on P(i) and Pd (i) Solve the phase information of the first optical signal including: expressing the above formula (2) as a linear matrix equation as the following formula (3):

[0114]

[0115] By solving equation (3), the phase information to be solved can be calculated Combining it with the known amplitude P(i), the original complex signal, that is, the modulated first data, can be reconstructed.

[0116] In some examples, to verify the effectiveness of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a simulation experiment. The simulation experiment is carried out under the conditions of a transmission rate of 20 Gbaud, a modulation format of 16 - quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), a carrier - to - signal power ratio (CSPR) of 12 dB, and a dispersion value of the dispersion medium set to 160 ps / nm. Considering that the number of samples per symbol will affect the phase reconstruction effect, to ensure the accuracy of solving the signal phase and avoid too high computational complexity, the performance of phase reconstruction with different sampling rates is simulated, as Figure 16 shown in (a), (b) and (c) of Figure 16 where (a) in Figure 16 shows the true phase and the reconstructed phase based on the time - domain intensity transmission equation when the sampling rate is 2. Figure 16 where (b) in

[0117] shows the true phase and the reconstructed phase based on the time - domain intensity transmission equation when the sampling rate is 4.

[0117] where (c) in

[0117] shows the true phase and the reconstructed phase based on the time - domain intensity transmission equation when the sampling rate is 8. As the sampling rate increases, the processing accuracy of the reconstructed phase also increases. However, a very high processing accuracy has been achieved at 4 - fold sampling rate. As the sampling rate increases, the data processing volume will increase significantly. After comprehensively considering the processing accuracy gain and the degree of increase in processing volume brought by the increase in sampling rate, 4 - fold sampling rate can be selected as the sampling rate for practical applications to achieve a higher processing accuracy on the basis of a lower processing volume.

[0117] Embodiments of the present application provide an optical module, an optical communication single board, an optical receiver, and an optical communication method. The optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element. Among them, the splitting structure splits a first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal. The amplitude change trends of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are the same, and the phase changes are the same. The dispersion element performs dispersion processing on the input third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal. By performing photoelectric conversion on the fourth optical signal, a second electrical signal can be obtained. By performing photoelectric conversion on the second optical signal, a first electrical signal can be obtained. Since there is a dispersion difference of a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal. When the first value is known, the optical communication single board can perform phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain the first data carried on the data optical signal. By combining the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal, during the process of performing phase demodulation based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, the information carried by the data optical signal can be protected to ensure the processing accuracy of phase demodulation. Through the above means, in a direct detection system, without relying on a local oscillator optical signal generated by an additional optical local oscillator, the phase demodulation of the direct optical signal can be achieved. Compared with the traditional direct detection system, the embodiments of this solution simplify the direct detection structure on the receiving side, reduce the cost and power consumption while maintaining the long transmission distance brought by the optical signal transmission based on the coherent detection system on the transmitting side.

[0118] Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions. When the instructions run on a processor, the processor is caused to execute the above-mentioned optical communication method.

[0119] The processor involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a chip. For example, it may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0120] The memory involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0121] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution is prior or subsequent. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0122] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0123] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.

[0124] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or modules can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0125] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they can be located in one device, or they can be distributed to multiple devices. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0126] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of this application can be integrated in one device, or each module can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated in one device.

[0127] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired manner (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wirelessly (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more integrated media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0128] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that, the optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element; wherein: the input end of the splitting structure is used to input a first optical signal; the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal, the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; the first output end of the splitting structure is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector, and the second output end of the splitting structure is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element; the second end of the dispersion element is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector, the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal; the first photodetector is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and the second photodetector is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the input end of the splitting structure includes a first input end and a second input end, the first input end is used to input the data optical signal; the optical module further includes a carrier laser; wherein: the carrier laser is used to output the carrier optical signal to the second input end of the splitting structure.

3. The optical module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the optical module further includes a digital signal processing circuit; wherein: the digital signal processing circuit is used to obtain the first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

4. The optical module according to claim 3, characterized in that, the digital signal processing circuit further includes: an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a digital signal processor; wherein: the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal from an analog signal form to a digital signal form; the digital signal processor is used to obtain the first data according to the first electrical signal in digital signal form and the second electrical signal in digital signal form.

5. The optical module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, the phase modulation technology is amplitude-phase modulation technology.

6. An optical communication single board, characterized in that, the optical communication single board is used for: inputting a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, the first electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a second optical signal, the second electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a fourth optical signal, the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the dispersion-processed third optical signal and the second optical signal, the second optical signal and the third optical signal are obtained by splitting a first optical signal, the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal, the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; Obtain the first data based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

7. An optical module, characterized in that, it includes: a phase modulator, a first laser, and a multiplexing structure; The input end of the phase modulator is used to input a reference optical signal; The modulation control end of the phase modulator is used to receive a modulation electrical signal, and the voltage amplitude of the modulation electrical signal is used to indicate the first data; the phase modulator is used to modulate the reference optical signal according to the modulation electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal, and the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying the first data based on phase modulation technology; The first laser is used to output a carrier optical signal, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; The multiplexing structure is used to output a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of the carrier optical signal and the data optical signal.

8. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that, the first laser is further used for: outputting the reference optical signal to the phase modulator.

9. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that, the optical module further includes a second laser; wherein: The second laser is used to output the reference optical signal to the phase modulator.

10. The optical module according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, the phase modulator is an amplitude-phase modulator.

11. An optical communication method, characterized in that, the method includes: Splitting a first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal and a third optical signal; the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal, the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on phase modulation technology, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; Performing dispersion processing on the third optical signal to obtain a fourth optical signal; the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal; Outputting a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and outputting a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal.

12. The optical communication method according to claim 11, characterized in that, the method further includes: Obtaining the first data based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

13. The optical communication method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, the phase modulation technology is amplitude-phase modulation technology.

14. An optical communication method, characterized in that, the method includes: Input a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, where the first electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a second optical signal, the second electrical signal is obtained by photoelectric conversion of a fourth optical signal, the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of a third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the third optical signal after the dispersion processing and the second optical signal. The second optical signal and the third optical signal are obtained by splitting a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal. The data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on a phase modulation technique, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; Obtain the first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

15. An optical communication method, characterized in that, the method includes: Input a reference optical signal; receive a modulated electrical signal, and the voltage amplitude of the modulated electrical signal is used to indicate first data; Modulate the reference optical signal according to the modulated electrical signal to obtain a data optical signal, where the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying the first data based on a phase modulation technique; Combine the data optical signal and a carrier optical signal to obtain a first optical signal, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal.

16. The optical communication method according to claim 15, characterized in that, the phase modulation technique is an amplitude-phase modulation technique.

17. An optical receiver, characterized in that, it includes an optical module and an optical communication single board; the optical module includes a splitting structure, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, and a dispersion element; where: The input end of the splitting structure is used to receive a first optical signal; the first optical signal is a combined optical signal of a carrier optical signal and a data optical signal, the data optical signal is a coherent optical signal carrying first data based on a phase modulation technique, and the optical power of the carrier optical signal is greater than the optical power of the data optical signal; The first output end of the splitting structure is used to output a second optical signal to the input end of the first photodetector, and the second output end of the splitting structure is used to output a third optical signal to the first end of the dispersion element; The second end of the dispersion element is used to output a fourth optical signal to the input end of the second photodetector; the fourth optical signal is obtained by dispersion processing of the third optical signal, and there is a dispersion difference with a first value between the fourth optical signal and the second optical signal; The first photodetector is used to output a first electrical signal according to the second optical signal, and the second photodetector is used to output a second electrical signal according to the fourth optical signal; The optical communication single board is used to obtain the first data according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, the computer-readable storage medium includes instructions; when the instructions run on a processor, the processor is caused to execute the optical communication method according to claim 14.

Images