A positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and specifically to a positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing, including a processing seat, a guide rail, and a positioning mechanism. In the present invention, four positioning piles jointly form a preliminary elastic positioning for the circuit board, and then a rigid positioning for the circuit is formed through the locking action of the locking pins. Through the elastic positioning, the position of the circuit board is in the set position, and then the rigid positioning is carried out, improving the position accuracy and anti-interference degree of the circuit board, and overall improving the positioning accuracy of the circuit board. Secondly, triangular positioning locks are formed at the front and rear of the circuit board in the same processing station, and triangular positioning locks are also formed at the front and rear in adjacent processing stations. All circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked, further improving the accuracy and overall stability in the processing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and specifically provides a positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing. Background Art

[0002] A circuit board is an indispensable part of electronic equipment. It connects various electronic components by forming a conductive pattern on an insulating substrate and is commonly used in fields such as communication equipment, automotive electronics, medical equipment, and industry and military.

[0003] During processes such as circuit board drilling, installing through-hole components, image transfer, etching, chip mounting, and soldering, it is necessary to first position and fix the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a set position, guaranteeing the accurate layout of components and circuits. During the process of installing through-hole components, through precise positioning of the circuit board, it is ensured that the installed through-hole components can be accurately inserted into the installation through-holes at corresponding positions. The positioning accuracy of the circuit board is related to the installation accuracy of the components.

[0004] Currently, the insertion and installation actions of through-hole components are mainly performed by existing robotic arms. After multiple circuit boards are conveyed to the lower part of the set position, the position of the circuit board is locked by pressing it from above and below. Then, the robotic arm inserts and installs the corresponding through-hole components, and then proceeds to the next processing operation of the circuit board.

[0005] For the current positioning and conveying process, there are the following problems: Only by pressing the circuit board from above and below to lock the position of the circuit board, it is easy to cause the problem that the position of the circuit board deviates due to external factors such as movement during the operation, ultimately resulting in excessive deviation between the insertion path and the insertion position of the through-hole components, causing damage to the through-hole components. Secondly, during the process of inserting and installing the through-hole components downward onto the circuit board, since the pins on the through-hole components need to penetrate the circuit board, this action is likely to affect the position accuracy of the circuit board, thereby affecting the overall processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, aiming to solve the problems in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] The present application provides a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, which cooperates with existing conveying equipment and includes: a processing seat, on which four bases arranged in a rectangle are fixedly provided, and two guide rails are arranged between two rows of bases. The circuit board is conveyed by the existing conveying equipment between the two guide rails.

[0008] A lifting table is slidably arranged up and down between two bases opposite to each other left and right. A plurality of processing stations are arranged from left to right between two guide rails. A positioning mechanism for positioning a circuit board to the processing stations is arranged between two lifting tables. The positioning mechanism includes positioning parts corresponding to the processing stations one by one.

[0009] The positioning part includes four sliding plates. The four sliding plates are equally divided into two groups front and back. The front and back two groups of sliding plates are respectively located on the front and back two lifting tables. And the two sliding plates in the same group are symmetrically distributed left and right and are slidably arranged on the lifting table. The extension lines of the four sliding plates converge at the center position of the processing station. A positioning pile is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate close to the guide rail.

[0010] A driving part is arranged on the processing seat for driving the positioning pile to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board subsequently.

[0011] A locking part is arranged on the lifting table. The locking part includes a locking pin. By moving the locking pin downward, all the positioning piles in the corresponding positioning part are locked, and at the same time, the positioning piles in adjacent processing stations form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and fixed.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism further includes a fixing plate. A plurality of fixing plates arranged at equal intervals from left to right are fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two lifting tables. The fixing plates and the processing stations are arranged at intervals from left to right. A pre-positioning block is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the fixing plate. The pre-positioning block successively includes an isosceles trapezoid section with a small end face facing upward and a rectangular positioning section from top to bottom. The inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid section face left and right.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, abutting blocks for abutting the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail are fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent pre-positioning blocks.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the end face of the positioning pile away from the center of the processing station is an arc surface. The positioning pile successively includes an incomplete frustum section and an incomplete cylindrical section from top to bottom. The arc surface of its cylindrical section fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board mounting hole.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, a tightening ring with the same height as the abutting block is fixedly sleeved on the positioning pile. The tightening rings and the abutting blocks on the same processing station are distributed circumferentially around the circuit board.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment, two mounting brackets are fixedly arranged on the lifting platform, a locking plate that slides up and down is jointly arranged on the two mounting brackets, a locking pin is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the locking plate, the driving part includes a horizontal rod, and two horizontal rods that are symmetric left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on both lifting platforms. A moving plate is slidably arranged back and forth jointly on the two horizontally opposite horizontal rods. A waist-shaped groove is formed through the moving plate. A connecting plate is slidably arranged along its length direction on the end surface of the sliding plate away from the processing station through a sliding rod. A pressing spring sleeved on the sliding rod is jointly fixedly arranged between the connecting plate and the sliding plate. A pulling column located in the waist-shaped groove is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment, the adjacent two sliding plates in the adjacent positioning parts are staggered up and down. A rectangular locking groove is formed in the sliding plate, and a circular insertion groove is formed in the fixing plate. The locking pin is divided into two sections in sequence from front to back. The section close to the processing station is a semi-circular section, and the arc surface of the insertion groove is matched with the semi-circular section. After the locking pin penetrates through the insertion groove, two front-and-back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are formed in the front and back of the processing station. Two front-and-back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are also jointly formed between two adjacent processing stations.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment, the section of the locking pin away from the processing station is a triangular section, and both vertical end faces of the triangular section face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, a compensation groove is formed in the sliding plate. The compensation groove is communicated with the locking groove and is located between the lifting platform and the locking groove. The compensation groove slopes downward from the lifting platform towards the locking groove. When the locking pin moves downward, its triangular section presses the inclined surface of the corresponding compensation groove to compensate for the positioning distance of the positioning pile and form a rigid positioning for the circuit board after locking.

[0020] To sum up, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: First, in the present invention, four positioning piles jointly form a preliminary elastic positioning for the circuit board, and then a rigid positioning for the circuit is achieved through the locking action of the locking pin. Through the elastic positioning, the circuit board is in a set position, and then rigid positioning is carried out, improving the position accuracy and anti-interference degree of the circuit board, and overall improving the positioning accuracy of the circuit board. Secondly, two triangular positioning locks are formed at the front and back of the circuit board in the same processing station, and at the same time, two triangular positioning locks are also formed at the front and back in the adjacent processing stations. All circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked, further improving the accuracy and overall stability in the processing process.

[0021] II. In the present invention, the tightening ring and the tightening block tighten the circuit board in the up and down direction. While the four corresponding tightening rings and four tightening blocks on the same circuit board tighten the circuit board upward along the four edges of the circuit board, they support the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a horizontal state. Secondly, by supporting the circuit board, the influence on the position of the circuit board during the insertion and installation of the through-hole components is reduced, ensuring the position accuracy of the circuit board. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 FIG. shows a top view of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 FIG. shows a right view of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 FIG. shows according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 an enlarged view of part A.

[0027] Figure 5 FIG. shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram among a guide rail, a sliding plate and a connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 FIG. shows according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 an enlarged view of part B.

[0029] Figure 7 FIG. shows an exploded view among a sliding plate, a connecting plate and a locking pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 FIG. shows a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram among a sliding plate, a locking pin and a positioning pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals: 1, processing seat; 2, base; 3, guide rail; 4, lifting table; 5, processing station; 6, positioning mechanism; 60, positioning part; 600, sliding plate; 601, positioning pile; 602, frustum section; 603, cylindrical section; 604, tightening ring; 61, driving part; 610, horizontal rod; 611, moving plate; 612, waist-shaped groove; 613, connecting plate; 614, pressing spring; 615, pulling column; 62, locking part; 621, locking pin; 6210, semi-circular section; 6211, triangular section; 621, mounting bracket; 622, locking plate; 623, locking groove; 624, insertion slot; 625, compensation slot; 63, fixing plate; 630, pre-positioning block; 631, pressing block. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, which cooperates with the existing conveying equipment for operation, includes: a processing seat 1, on which four bases 2 arranged in a rectangle are fixedly provided, and between two rows of bases 2, two guide rails 3 in a U shape with the U-shaped openings symmetrically arranged front and back are provided. The distance between the vertical sections of the two guide rails 3 is greater than the length of the circuit board, and the distance between the two guide rails 3 is less than the length of the circuit board. The circuit board is conveyed between the two guide rails 3 by an external conveying device.

[0034] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a lifting table 4 is slidably arranged up and down between two relatively left and right bases 2, and a plurality of electric push rods are fixedly arranged between the processing seat 1 and the lifting table 4. A plurality of processing stations 5 are arranged from left to right between the two guide rails 3, and a positioning mechanism 6 for positioning the circuit board to the processing station 5 is arranged between the two lifting tables 4. The positioning mechanism 6 includes positioning parts 60 corresponding to the processing stations 5 one by one.

[0035] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the positioning portion 60 includes four sliding plates 600. The four sliding plates 600 are equally divided into two groups before and after, and the two groups of sliding plates 600 before and after are respectively located on the two lifting platforms 4 before and after. The two sliding plates 600 in the same group are symmetrically distributed left and right and are slidably arranged on the lifting platform 4. The extension lines of the four sliding plates 600 converge at the center position of the processing station 5. A positioning pile 601 is fixedly arranged on the side of the sliding plate 600 close to the guide rail 3. As Figure 4 shown, the end face of the positioning pile 601 far from the center of the processing station 5 is an arc surface. The positioning pile 601 is successively an incomplete frustum section 602 and an incomplete cylindrical section 603 from top to bottom. The arc surface of its cylindrical section 603 fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board mounting hole.

[0036] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a driving portion 61 for driving the positioning pile 601 to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board is arranged on the processing seat 1.

[0037] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, a locking portion 62 is arranged on the lifting platform 4. The locking portion 62 includes a locking pin 621. By moving the locking pin 621 downward, all the positioning piles 601 in the corresponding positioning portion 60 are locked, and at the same time, the positioning piles 601 in the adjacent processing stations 5 form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and fixed.

[0038] The existing conveying equipment drives a plurality of circuit boards to be processed to move between the two guide rails 3. The two guide rails 3 support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located in the corresponding processing stations 5. Then the electric push rod works to make the lifting platform 4 move upward. During the upward movement, the lifting platform 4 drives the positioning piles 601 to be inserted into the mounting holes in the corresponding circuit boards, forming preliminary positioning of the circuit boards. The driving portion 61 makes the positioning piles 601 move away from the center of the processing station 5. Thus, the four positioning piles 601 jointly form preliminary positioning of the circuit board. At this time, the center position of the circuit board coincides with the center position of the corresponding processing station 5. Then, through the driving portion 61, the locking pin 621 in the locking portion 62 is moved downward. By the locking pin 621, all the sliding plates 600 and the positioning piles 601 are locked, so that triangular positioning locks are formed at the front and rear two places of the circuit board in the same processing station 5. At the same time, triangular positioning locks are also formed at the front and rear two places in the adjacent processing stations 5. All the circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked. In summary, the accuracy and overall stability in the processing process are improved.

[0039] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the positioning mechanism 6 further includes a fixing plate 63. A plurality of fixing plates 63 arranged at equal intervals from left to right are fixedly provided on the opposite surfaces of the two lifting platforms 4. The fixing plates 63 and the processing stations 5 are arranged at intervals from left to right. A pre-positioning block 630 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the fixing plate 63. The pre-positioning block 630 successively includes an isosceles trapezoidal section with a small end facing upwards and a rectangular positioning section from top to bottom. The inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal section face towards the left and right sides.

[0040] As Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, on the opposite surfaces of adjacent two pre-positioning blocks 630, a pressing block 631 for pressing the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail 3 is fixedly provided.

[0041] As Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, a pressing ring 604 with the same height as the pressing block 631 is fixedly sleeved on the positioning pile 601. The pressing rings 604 and the pressing blocks 631 on the same processing station 5 are circumferentially distributed around the circuit board, referring to the distribution between the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 in Figure 2 .

[0042] After the circuit board moves to the corresponding processing station 5, the electric push rod works, so that the lifting platform 4 drives the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 to move upwards synchronously. The inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal sections on the pre-positioning block 630 contact the adjacent two circuit boards. As the pre-positioning block 630 continues to move upwards, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the left and right side surfaces of the circuit board, and the position of the circuit board is preliminarily positioned in the left and right directions. Secondly, at this time, the mounting holes of the circuit board are located above the corresponding positioning piles 601.

[0043] As the lifting platform 4 continues to move upwards, the positioning pile 601 gradually moves upwards into the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board. The frustum section 602 of the positioning pile 601 guides to ensure that the positioning pile 601 can be inserted into the mounting holes. After that, the positioning pile 601 drives the pressing ring 604 thereon and the pre-positioning block 630 drives the pressing block 631 thereon to contact the circuit board, and cooperate with the upper horizontal section inner wall of the guide rail 3 to press the circuit board in the up and down directions. Secondly, while the four corresponding pressing rings 604 and four pressing blocks 631 on the same circuit board press the circuit board upwards along the four edges of the circuit board, they support the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a horizontal state, facilitating subsequent processing steps.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, two mounting brackets 621 are fixedly arranged on the lifting platform 4. A locking plate 622 that slides up and down is arranged on the two mounting brackets 621 together. The locking plate 622 is driven by an external electric guide rod 1 (not shown in the figure) to move up and down. A locking pin 621 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the locking plate 622. The driving part 61 includes a horizontal rod 610. Two horizontal rods 610 that are symmetric left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on each of the two lifting platforms 4. A moving plate 611 is slidably arranged back and forth on the two horizontally opposed horizontal rods 610 together. The two lifting platforms 4 are located between the two moving plates 611. The moving plate 611 is driven by an external electric guide rod 2 (not shown in the figure) to move back and forth. A waist-shaped groove 612 is formed through the moving plate 611. A connecting plate 613 is slidably arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate 600 away from the processing station 5 along its length direction through a sliding rod. A pressing spring 614 sleeved on the sliding rod is fixedly arranged between the connecting plate 613 and the sliding plate 600 together. A pulling column 615 located in the waist-shaped groove 612 is fixed on the connecting plate 613.

[0045] During operation, when the positioning piles 601 are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes and the abutting rings 604 and the abutting blocks 631 do not contact the circuit board, the external electric guide rod 2 works to make the moving plates 611 move. The two moving plates 611 move away from each other. The moving plates 611 drive all the pulling columns 615 located in the waist-shaped grooves 612 to move synchronously. The pulling columns 615 drive the connecting plates 613, the sliding plates 600 and the positioning piles 601 to move synchronously. The arc surface of the cylindrical section 603 of the positioning pile 601 contacts the inner arc surface of the mounting hole. As the moving plates 611 continue to move, the pressing spring 614 is stretched. The elastic force generated by the deformation of the pressing spring 614 acts on the sliding plate 600, making the sliding plate 600 drive the positioning piles 601 thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Through the pulling effect of the four positioning piles 601, the central position of the circuit board coincides with the central position of the processing station 5, that is, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front-back direction is completed at this time.

[0046] After that, the electric push rod continues to operate, making the abutting blocks 631 and the abutting rings 604 abut against the circuit board. Finally, the external electric guide rod 1 works to make the locking plate 622 drive the locking pins 621 thereon to move down synchronously, locking the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, forming a rigid positioning of the whole circuit board.

[0047] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, two adjacent sliding plates 600 among the adjacent positioning parts 60 are vertically offset. A rectangular locking groove 623 is formed on the sliding plate 600, and a circular insertion groove 624 is formed on the fixing plate 63. The insertion groove 624 is located directly below the junction of two adjacent sliding plates 600 among the adjacent positioning parts 60. The locking pin 621 is successively divided into two sections from front to back. The section close to the processing station 5 is a semi-circular section 6210, and the arc surface of the insertion groove 624 cooperates with the arc surface of the semi-circular section 6210. After the locking pin 621 penetrates through the insertion groove 624, two symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are formed before and after the processing station 5.

[0048] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the section of the locking pin 621 away from the processing station 5 is a triangular section 6211. Both vertical end faces of the triangular section 6211 face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate 600. A compensation groove 625 is formed on the sliding plate 600. The compensation groove 625 is communicated with the locking groove 623 and is located between the lifting table 4 and the locking groove 623. The compensation groove 625 slopes downward from the lifting table 4 towards the locking groove 623. When the locking pin 621 moves downward, its triangular section 6211 presses against the inclined surface of the corresponding compensation groove 625, so as to compensate the positioning distance of the positioning post 601 when the circuit board is elastically positioned but not fully tightened, thereby fully positioning the circuit board, improving the positioning accuracy and forming a rigid positioning of the circuit board after locking.

[0049] During the process of the electric guide rod 1 driving the locking plate 622 to move, the locking plate 622 drives the locking pin 621 thereon to move downward synchronously. The locking pin 621 first contacts the compensation groove 625 on the upper sliding plate 600. Through the cooperation between the corresponding vertical end face of the triangular section 6211 of the locking pin 621 and the inclined surface of the compensation groove 625, the sliding plate 600 further tightens the circuit board, ensuring that the circuit board is fully positioned, thereby improving the accuracy of the placement position of the circuit board and the accuracy in the subsequent processing process. The locking pin 621 continues to move downward and repeats the above cooperation process with the lower sliding plate 600 to ensure the accuracy of the coincidence of the central positions of all circuit boards with the central position of the processing station 5. Secondly, it should be noted that the four corresponding sliding plates 600 within the same processing station 5 are all at the same height. Therefore, the compensation grooves 625 on the sliding plates 600 on the same circuit board can cooperate with their corresponding locking pins 621 at the same time, ensuring that the four corresponding sliding plates 600 on the same circuit board are locked simultaneously, and avoiding the problem of damaging the circuit board due to asymmetric offsets caused by asynchronous locking of the four corresponding sliding plates 600.

[0050] With the continuous downward movement of the locking pin 621, the locking pin 621 penetrates through the insertion slot 624 on the corresponding fixed plate 63, enabling the integrated locking of the two sliding plates 600, the fixed plate 63, the locking pin 621, and the locking plate 622 that correspond to each other up and down. At this time, two front-back symmetric triangular locking frames are formed on the same circuit board. Secondly, two front-back symmetric triangular interlocking frames are formed between adjacent circuit boards. In summary, the overall integrated locking of all circuit boards is achieved, and the overall stability and accuracy are improved through the locking of local triangular frames, ensuring the accuracy during subsequent processing.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also provides a positioning and conveying method for circuit board processing, including the following steps: S1. Transfer the circuit board: The existing conveying equipment drives a plurality of circuit boards to be processed to move between the two guide rails 3, and the two guide rails 3 support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located within the corresponding processing stations 5.

[0052] S2. Pre-positioning: The electric push rod works to make the lifting platform 4 drive the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 to move upward synchronously. The inclined surface of the isosceles trapezoidal section on the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the two adjacent circuit boards. With the continuous upward movement of the pre-positioning block 630, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the left and right sides of the circuit board, initially positioning the position of the circuit board in the left and right directions. Secondly, at this time, the mounting holes of the circuit board are located above the corresponding positioning piles 601.

[0053] S3. Initial positioning: With the continuous upward movement of the lifting platform 4, the positioning pile 601 gradually moves upward into the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board. Then, the external electric guide rod II works to make the moving plate 611 move, so that the sliding plate 600 drives the positioning pile 601 thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Therefore, through the pulling effect of the four positioning piles 601, the central position of the circuit board coincides with the central position of the processing station 5, that is, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front and back directions is completed at this time.

[0054] S4. Locking and positioning: The electric push rod continues to operate, so that the pressing block 631 and the pressing plate ring tightly press the circuit board in the up and down directions. Finally, the external electric guide rod I works to make the locking plate 622 drive the locking pin 621 thereon to move downward synchronously, locking the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, forming a rigid positioning of the whole circuit board.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, top, bottom, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "connected", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0058] The embodiments of the specific implementation manners are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, which cooperates with existing conveying equipment, is characterized in that, Including: A processing base, on which four bases arranged in a rectangle are fixedly provided. There are two guide rails between two rows of bases, and the circuit board is conveyed between the two guide rails by an existing conveying device. A lifting table is slidably arranged up and down between two left-right opposite bases. There are multiple processing stations arranged from left to right between the two guide rails. A positioning mechanism for positioning the circuit board to the processing station is arranged between the two lifting tables. The positioning mechanism includes positioning parts corresponding to the processing stations one by one. The positioning part includes four sliding plates. The four sliding plates are equally divided into two groups in the front and back. The front and back two groups of sliding plates are respectively located on the front and back two lifting tables. And the two sliding plates in the same group are symmetrically distributed left and right and slidably arranged on the lifting table. The extension lines of the four sliding plates converge at the center position of the processing station. A positioning post is fixedly arranged on the side of the sliding plate close to the guide rail. A driving part for driving the positioning post to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board is arranged on the processing base. A locking part is arranged on the lifting table. The locking part includes a locking pin. By moving the locking pin downwards, all the positioning posts in the corresponding positioning part are locked, and at the same time, the positioning posts in adjacent processing stations form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and fixed. Two mounting frames are fixedly arranged on the lifting table. A locking plate that slides up and down is jointly arranged on the two mounting frames. The locking pin is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the locking plate. The driving part includes a horizontal rod. Two horizontal rods that are symmetrically distributed left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on both lifting tables. A moving plate is jointly slidably arranged back and forth on two left-right opposite horizontal rods. An oblong slot is formed through the moving plate. A connecting plate is slidably arranged along its length direction on the end face of the sliding plate far from the processing station through a sliding rod. A pressing spring sleeved on the sliding rod is jointly fixedly arranged between the connecting plate and the sliding plate. A pulling column located in the oblong slot is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate.

2. The positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning mechanism further includes a fixing plate. A plurality of fixing plates arranged at equal intervals from left to right are fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two lifting tables. The fixing plates and the processing stations are arranged at intervals from left to right. A pre-positioning block is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the fixing plate. The pre-positioning block is successively an isosceles trapezoid section with a small end face facing upwards and a rectangular positioning section from top to bottom. The inclined surface of the isosceles trapezoid section faces both left and right sides.

3. The positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 2, wherein: On the opposite surfaces of adjacent two pre-positioning blocks, a pressing block for pressing the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail is fixedly arranged.

4. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, wherein: The end face of the positioning post far from the center of the processing station is an arc surface. The positioning post is successively an incomplete frustum section and an incomplete cylindrical section from top to bottom. The arc surface of its cylindrical section fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board mounting hole.

5. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 3, wherein: A pressing ring with the same height as the pressing block is fixedly sleeved on the positioning post. The pressing rings and the pressing blocks on the same processing station are distributed circumferentially around the circuit board.

6. The positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, wherein: Two adjacent sliding plates among the adjacent positioning parts are vertically offset. A rectangular locking groove is formed in the sliding plate, and a circular insertion groove is formed in the fixing plate. The locking pin is successively divided into two sections from front to back. The section close to the processing station is a semi-circular section, and the arc surface of the insertion groove cooperates with the semi-circular section. After the locking pin penetrates the insertion groove, two front-back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are formed before and after the processing station, and two front-back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are also jointly formed between two adjacent processing stations.

7. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The section of the locking pin away from the processing station is a triangular section, and both vertical end faces of the triangular section face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate.

8. The positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 7, wherein: A compensation groove is formed in the sliding plate. The compensation groove is communicated with the locking groove and is located between the lifting table and the locking groove. The compensation groove slopes downward from the lifting table towards the locking groove. The locking pin moves downward so that its triangular section presses the inclined surface of the corresponding compensation groove, which is used to compensate the positioning distance of the positioning pile and form a rigid positioning of the circuit board after locking.

9. A positioning and conveying method for circuit board processing, which is completed in cooperation with a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing described in claim 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Transfer the circuit board: The existing conveying equipment drives a plurality of circuit boards to be processed to move between two guide rails. The two guide rails support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located in the corresponding processing stations. S2. Pre-positioning: The electric push rod works to drive the lifting table to drive the positioning pile and the pre-positioning block to move upward synchronously. As the pre-positioning block continues to move upward, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block contacts the left and right sides of the circuit board, and the position of the circuit board is initially positioned in the left and right directions. S3. Initial positioning: The positioning pile gradually moves upward into the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board. Then, the moving plate drives the sliding plate to drive the positioning pile thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Therefore, through the pulling effect of the four positioning piles, the center position of the circuit board coincides with the center position of the processing station, that is, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front and back directions is completed at this time. S4. Locking and positioning: The electric push rod continues to operate, so that the pressing block and the pressing ring press the circuit board in the up and down directions. Finally, the locking plate drives the locking pin thereon to move downward synchronously to lock the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, a rigid positioning of the whole circuit board is formed.

Images