A construction method for a multi-level gable-shaped portal frame structure under height-limited conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a construction method for a gable-shaped portal frame structure under multi-level height limit conditions. The gable-shaped portal frame structure is hoisted and constructed under multi-level height limit conditions. The multi-level height limit includes eight levels from Area A to Area H. The construction includes the following steps: Step 1, construction planning: vertically dividing the gable-shaped portal frame structure into three vertical areas, Area I, Area II, and Area III, each vertical area is horizontally divided into five horizontal areas; Step 2, cave filling: using sleeve valve pipe grouting to fill the cave according to filling requirements; Step 3, pipe pile construction: positioning a pile driver in the construction area for pile driving; Step 4, foundation construction: completing foundation construction in the construction area; Step 5, steel structure construction: construction of the five horizontal areas is carried out in sequence in the three vertical areas simultaneously. This construction method ensures the smooth construction of the portal frame structure within a limited hoisting height, meeting the requirements of safety, quality, and construction period efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method of a gable-shaped portal frame structure under multi-level height-limited conditions. Background Art

[0002] The main structure of a certain project is a mountain-shaped portal frame structure. It is located in the Guanghua alluvial basin with many caves, northwest of the airport terminal, with the airport runway on the east, villages on the south and north, and mountains on the west. Therefore, the construction of the mountain-shaped portal frame structure involves the hoisting of steel columns, portal frame beams, column supports, tie rods, water bracing and purlins under limited height conditions.

[0003] As the main load-bearing component of the portal frame structure, the quality of steel column installation directly affects the installation quality of the overall steel structure project and plays a vital role. At this stage, how to achieve fast, efficient and high-quality installation of steel columns has become a hot issue of concern and research for engineering and technical personnel.

[0004] Large-span portal frame beams are often assembled by ground-based butt-jointing. During this process, the use of an assembly device is essential. However, current assembly devices and installation methods for portal frame beams present several practical challenges, including low butt-jointing efficiency, difficulty ensuring assembly precision, and difficulty controlling the quality of high-strength bolt nodes. These issues result in the portal frame beams being prone to shaking, experiencing poor stability, and being unable to achieve precise, adjustable butt-jointing. Furthermore, a large number of temporary supports are required, resulting in high assembly costs and hindering large-scale engineering applications.

[0005] Purlin hoisting is done individually at height, often involving a large number of purlins. Each hoisting operation requires repeated rigging and confirmation of safety before proceeding. This wastes crane operation time and can lead to accidents if construction workers are not careful. Existing H-shaped purlin hoisting methods are not suitable for large-scale adoption.

[0006] When it comes to steel structure hoisting projects within limited hoisting heights, engineering and technical personnel often fail to pay enough attention and have not yet effectively solved the problem of hoisting operations under strict height restrictions. The hoisting safety factor is low, and the hoisting accuracy and efficiency are often not fully guaranteed, making the construction process face many challenges. Especially within the flight area boundaries of airports, due to extremely strict height restrictions, it is necessary to ensure that the lifting height of the hoisting machinery is strictly controlled within the specified height limit to ensure the smooth construction of the portal frame structure within the limited hoisting height and meet the requirements of safety, quality and construction period efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a multi-level U-shaped portal frame structure under limited height conditions, which solves the assembly and hoisting problems encountered during the construction of the U-shaped portal frame structure under limited height conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A construction method for a gable-shaped portal frame structure under multi-level height restrictions. The gable-shaped portal frame structure is located in the Guanghua alluvial basin, has many caves, and is hoisted and constructed under multi-level height restrictions. The multi-level height restrictions include eight levels from Area A to Area H. The construction includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Construction planning: Divide the gable-shaped portal frame structure vertically into three vertical zones: Zone I, Zone II, and Zone III. Each vertical zone is divided horizontally into five horizontal zones. Sequential construction of the five horizontal zones is carried out simultaneously in the three vertical zones.

[0011] Step 2: Cave filling: Determine the fully filled, partially filled, and unfilled soil cave areas within the construction area according to the design requirements, and then use sleeve valve pipe grouting to fill the caves according to the filling requirements;

[0012] Step 3: Pipe pile construction: Survey and set out work is carried out in the construction area, a survey control network is established, and elevation base points are selected as the basis for elevation control during construction. The pile driver is positioned to start piling. After the pipe pile is delivered, the exposed pile section is cut off and the pile top is sealed.

[0013] Step 4: Foundation construction: Complete foundation construction in the construction area, with multiple cup-shaped foundations set up on the foundation;

[0014] Step 5, steel structure construction: construction of five horizontal areas is carried out in sequence in three vertical areas at the same time, and S0 is carried out in each horizontal area in turn, the steel column is hoisted to the cup-mouth foundation with the assistance of the column reinforcement and adjustment device; S1, the portal frame beam is assembled on the ground with the assistance of the assembly device; S2, the portal frame beam is hoisted by the limited hoisting height hoisting device; S3, the column support, tie rod and water support are hoisted by the limited hoisting height hoisting device; S4, the purlin is hoisted by the limited hoisting height hoisting device in conjunction with the purlin hoisting fixture.

[0015] Preferably, the column body reinforcement and adjustment device includes a frame, an upper clamping assembly and a lower adjustment assembly. The frame is detachably mounted on the cup-mouth basis. At least four groups of the upper clamping assemblies are adjustably arranged on the top of the frame, and at least four groups of the lower adjustment assemblies are adjustably arranged on the bottom of the frame. After the at least four groups of lower adjustment assemblies adjust the steel columns, they are temporarily clamped and fixed by at least four groups of upper clamping assemblies. The frame is a hexahedral frame structure composed of eight beams and four legs. The hexahedral frame structure is fixedly arranged on the cup-mouth basis. A group of the upper clamping assemblies is arranged on each of the four beams on the upper layer of the frame, and a group of lower adjustment assemblies is arranged on each of the four beams on the lower layer of the frame.

[0016] The upper clamping assembly includes a screw and a nut seat, and the nut seat is detachably mounted on the oblong hole of the beam through the screw, and the screw is threadedly connected in the nut seat, and the top end of the screw rests on the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column; the lower adjustment assembly is a hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, and a top plate is provided at the top of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, and the top plate rests on the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column; an L-shaped hook is fixedly provided at the bottom of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, and when the top end of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack rests on the side wall of the bottom of the cup column, the L-shaped hook is hooked laterally on the beam.

[0017] Preferably, the S0 is specifically:

[0018] A0, the inner wall of the cup-mouth foundation installation position must be roughened and cleaned first, and the cup-mouth debris must be completely removed. Use a measuring instrument to draw the vertical and horizontal positioning cross lines for the steel column installation on the cup-mouth foundation, and measure the bottom elevation of the cup-mouth foundation to ensure the accuracy of the elevation when the steel column is installed;

[0019] A1. Place the column reinforcement adjustment device on the cup base, loosen the four screws, and insert the reserved steel column into the installation position;

[0020] A2: Use a car crane to lift the steel column to the installation site. Slowly lower it manually. Place the bottoms of four hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks against the steel column. Place the L-shaped hooks of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks against the lower crossbeam of the frame. Adjust the coordinate position of the steel column by manually cranking the handles of each hand-cranked flat-bottom jack so that the vertical and horizontal positioning crosshairs are aligned with the centerline of the steel column.

[0021] A3. After the coordinate position adjustment is completed, tighten the four screws and press them against the side walls of the steel column flange. Prepare two theodolites and place them on the north and east sides of the steel column. Measure the centerline of the steel column. If the longitudinal centerline is aligned, the steel column is vertical. If not, the steel column needs to be adjusted. Adjust the verticality of the steel column by adjusting the length of the screw threads until the centerline of the steel column in both directions is aligned with the centerline of the theodolite.

[0022] A4. After the plane position, verticality and elevation meet the requirements, check whether all the fixings are firm. After confirming that they are correct, release the lifting rope of the truck crane, and the steel column installation is completed;

[0023] A5. Pour concrete inside the cup-shaped foundation. Before the concrete reaches the final setting state, the column reinforcement and adjustment device can be removed.

[0024] and a pair of lockhole that is formed on a pair of locking plate, and a pair of locking plate, having a lockhole that is formed on a pair of locking plate, and a pair of locking plate being locked together. The oblong hole at the top of the first clamping plate and the oblong hole at the top of the second clamping plate are adjustably connected by bolts; a circular hole is opened in the middle of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and a perforated cone is arranged between the circular hole and the circular hole opened on the rigid frame unit beam; a notch is provided at the bottom of the first clamping plate and the bottom of the second clamping plate, which is clamped at the upper flange or lower flange of the rigid frame unit beam; a group of pressing assemblies are provided in the middle of one side of the first clamping plate and the middle of one side of the second clamping plate, and the pressing assembly includes a fixing block, a nut and a tightening bolt, the fixing block is fixedly arranged above the notch, a through hole is provided in the middle of the fixing block, a nut is provided on the fixing block and at the through hole, and a tightening bolt is threadedly connected to the inner thread of the nut when the clamping assembly is clamped and connected between two adjacent rigid frame unit beams.

[0025] Preferably, the S1 is specifically:

[0026] B0, assemble the tire frame in advance on a flat ground;

[0027] B1, use a truck crane to lift two sections of the steel frame unit beams to be assembled onto the assembly cradle, and slide the steel frame unit beams on the assembly cradle for preliminary positioning and docking;

[0028] B2. Install the clamping assembly on the upper and lower flanges of the joint of the rigid frame unit beam. At the same time, temporarily fix the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate to the rigid frame unit beam respectively through the perforated cone, and tighten the jacking bolts to further tighten the clamping assembly.

[0029] B3, high-strength bolts are used to connect the joints of the rigid frame unit beams, and the bolts are tightened from the middle to the two ends;

[0030] B4, remove the clamping components and complete the joint assembly of the portal frame beam.

[0031] Preferably, the limited lifting height hoisting device includes a steel wire rope, a hoisting beam and a plurality of clamp bodies, a plurality of clamp bodies are spaced apart on the hoisting beam, two ends of the steel wire rope hung on the automobile lifting rope are connected to the top of two clamp bodies among the plurality of clamp bodies, and the bottoms of the plurality of clamp bodies are used to connect the lifting ears of the portal frame beam or the purlin hoisting clamps; mounting holes are provided on the clamp body that are compatible with the shape of the hoisting beam, hoisting parts are provided at both ends of the top and bottom of the clamp body, a plurality of fastening components are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the clamp body, and the plurality of fastening components fix the clamp body to the hoisting beam; a plurality of fastening components are provided on the hoisting part A lifting hole is provided, the lifting hole at the top is connected to the end of the wire rope, and the lifting hole at the bottom is connected to the lifting ear of the portal frame beam or the purlin lifting fixture through the connecting rope; the fastening assembly includes a base fixedly arranged on the fixture body and an adjusting bolt adjustable by a thread on the base, and a locking nut is provided on the adjusting bolt; four fastening assemblies are provided on the front side and the rear side of the fixture body, two fastening assemblies are located on the left or right side of the mounting hole and are used to abut against the web of the lifting beam, and the other two fastening assemblies are located on the upper and lower sides of the mounting hole and are used to abut against the upper and lower wing plates of the lifting beam.

[0032] Preferably, the hoisting steps of the hoisting device with limited hoisting height are:

[0033] C0, place the lifting beam on a flat ground, and the operator inserts the clamp body onto the lifting beam from both ends and moves it to the lifting point position;

[0034] C1. Tighten the adjusting bolts on both sides of the clamp body and press them against the upper and lower flanges and webs of the hoisting beam to prevent the clamp body from sliding during the hoisting process.

[0035] C2, the car lifts the hook, installs the wire rope on the hook, and connects the wire rope to the lifting holes on the upper part of two clamp bodies through shackles;

[0036] C3, the portal frame beam or purlin is in place, and the connecting rope is prepared to be connected to the lifting hole at the bottom of the clamp body. The lower end of the connecting rope is then connected to the lifting ear of the portal frame beam or the purlin lifting clamp through a shackle. All shackles must be tightened. The purlin lifting clamp is used to clamp the purlin;

[0037] C4. After the above preparations are completed, the truck crane will lift the portal frame beam or purlin to the installation location, and the construction workers can install it. After the installation is completed, the connecting rope and the lifting lug of the portal frame beam or the purlin lifting fixture will be separated.

[0038] Preferably, the purlin lifting clamp includes two detachably connected clamp units, which consist of a C-shaped steel plate main body, an upper connecting part arranged at the top of the C-shaped steel plate main body and a lower connecting part arranged at the bottom of the C-shaped steel plate main body, an upper slot hole is arranged between the upper connecting part and the C-shaped steel plate main body, and a lower slot hole is arranged between the lower connecting part and the C-shaped steel plate main body; a lifting hole is arranged on the upper connecting part, and a connecting hole is arranged on the lower connecting part, the two lifting holes are connected by a shackle, and the two connecting holes are connected by a connecting piece; the two clamp units are respectively installed on both sides of the purlin, and the gap between the two C-shaped steel plate main bodies, the upper slot hole and the lower slot hole form a mounting hole that is compatible with the shape of the purlin; the upper connecting part, the lower connecting part and the C-shaped steel plate main body are integrally formed; the connecting piece is a bolt, and the two clamp units are detachably connected by using a bolt passing through the two connecting holes.

[0039] In the present invention, the mountain-shaped portal frame structure is hoisted and constructed under the condition of multi-level height restrictions. The multi-level height restrictions include eight levels from Area A to Area H. The traditional method requires the use of multiple truck cranes of different specifications. However, the steel structure of this project is dense, and the steel structure is hoisted and constructed by combining a truck crane and a hoisting device with limited hoisting height. The controlled height of the truck crane is 24.9m.

[0040] The upper clamping assembly is used to adjust the horizontal position of the steel column, while the upper clamping assembly installed on the crossbeam adjusts the verticality of the steel column. The dual-track reinforcement of the upper clamping assembly and the upper clamping assembly prevents the steel column from tipping over during installation, improving its stability and facilitating the hoisting of the portal frame. The steel column can be stabilized and reinforced without the need for steel wedges around it, reducing labor input and shortening the construction period. This system has the potential for large-scale promotion and application in steel structure engineering. It also facilitates the pouring of concrete in the cup-shaped foundation, improves the installation accuracy of the steel column, and reduces safety accidents during the hoisting process, preparing for the subsequent hoisting of the portal frame. After the steel column is installed, the four sets of bolts connecting the upper and lower crossbeams on one side are unscrewed, and the frame is removed from the cup-shaped foundation for easy turnover and reuse, in line with the concepts of sustainable development and green construction. The column reinforcement and adjustment device can quickly install steel columns, and the adjustment process is more convenient. Since it requires less personnel, it performs outstandingly in terms of cost savings, greatly improving the installation efficiency and construction quality of steel columns. It has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture. The required steel materials are all commonly used materials in processing plants, and the installation and disassembly process is simple and quick.

[0041] The unit beams are placed on an assembly cradle. The rollers and rollers on the cradle allow for quick and easy adjustment of the beam's lateral position for initial docking. The unit beams placed on the cradle are temporarily secured together using clamping assemblies. Once all bolt holes in the center of the unit beam are successfully docked, high-strength bolt connections are installed in that area, with initial and final tightening performed from the center outwards. The upper and lower clamping assemblies are then removed, and high-strength bolt connections are installed in the remaining bolt holes, completing initial and final tightening. The portal frame is now assembled. The assembly device features a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. It utilizes commonly available steel materials found in steel fabrication plants. This steel is not only readily available but also recyclable and reusable after use, thus promoting sustainable development and green manufacturing. The use of perforated cones and bolts replaces the punches and mounting bolts used in traditional assembly devices, eliminating the need for bolt insertion, resulting in significant labor savings and eliminating the misalignment problem associated with docking portal beams. This provides strong technical support for the entire assembly process.

[0042] The clamp bodies in a limited-height lifting device are attached to the lifting beam through mounting holes. During use, different numbers of clamps can be installed according to the span of the portal frame beam or purlin, improving stability during the lifting process. The fastening components quickly secure the clamp bodies, facilitating installation and removal, and allowing for repeated use, thereby improving lifting efficiency. By changing the wire rope connection position—for example, connecting the wire rope to the two outermost clamp bodies in construction projects with limited height requirements, or by moving the clamp bodies outward to shorten the distance between the mobile crane's lifting point and the lifting beam as needed—the lifting height of the mobile crane can be significantly reduced, preventing overheight and ensuring safe and controllable airport flight areas. In construction areas with stricter height restrictions, the lifting point can be quickly adjusted by adjusting the clamp body's lifting point, significantly reducing the lifting height of the mobile crane and ensuring adequate clearance within the flight area.

[0043] The two clamp units in the purlin hoisting fixture can be fixed at any position on the purlin according to the hoisting requirements. The connection is simple and convenient, and the purlin's web and flange are completely wrapped and fixed. The connection is reliable, preventing the lifting point from slipping during the hoisting process, and the safety factor is high. The upper and lower ends of the two clamp units are connected by shackles and connectors for easy assembly and disassembly, and the shackles can be directly connected to the hoist. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mountain-shaped portal frame structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a multi-level height restriction division diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the column reinforcement and adjustment device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the column reinforcement and adjustment device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the assembling device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the assembling device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting device with limited hoisting height according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a partial structural diagram of the limited lifting height hoisting device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting device with limited hoisting height according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the purlin hoisting fixture of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp unit of the present invention;

[0055] In the figure: 1. Steel column; 2. Cup-shaped foundation; 3. Column reinforcement and adjustment device; 4. Portal frame beam; 5. Assembly device; 6. Limited lifting height lifting device; 8. Purlin lifting fixture; 30. Frame; 31. Upper clamping assembly; 32. Lower adjustment assembly; 40. Frame unit beam; 50. Assembly frame; 51. Clamping assembly; 52. Connecting rod; 53. Perforated cone; 54. Top pressure assembly; 55. Notch; 60. Steel wire rope; 61. Lifting beam; 62. Clamp body; 63. Lifting part; 64. Connecting rope; 65. Fastening assembly; 80. Clamp Single body; 81, C-shaped steel plate body; 82, upper connecting part; 83, lower connecting part; 84, upper slot hole; 85, lower slot hole; 86, lifting hole; 87, connecting hole; 88, connecting piece; 300, beam; 301, column; 310, screw; 311, nut seat; 500, support; 501, pillar; 502, roller; 510, first clamping plate; 511, second clamping plate; 540, fixing block; 541, nut; 542, tightening bolt; 620, mounting hole; 650, support; 651, adjusting bolt; 652, locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0057] like Figures 1 to 11 The following illustrates a construction method for a multi-level, height-restricted gabled portal frame structure. This gabled portal frame structure is a steel structure project for a freight area. The main structural system is a single-story portal frame structure with a building height of 18.9 meters and a maximum span of 24 meters. The total steel consumption is 10,300 tons. The main specifications of the portal frame beam components for this project are: H1100-700×300×8×16, H1100-800×300×8×16, H1050-800×300×8×16, and H700×300×8×14. Because the project is close to the airport and is located within the airport's height restriction area, and some areas are under the 36m height restriction requirement, a 25t truck crane is required for lifting construction. The truck crane's lifting control height is within 24.9m to ensure the construction of the portal-type rigid frame beams in the high-bay area. The project is located in the Guanghua alluvial basin, with many caves and under multi-level height restrictions. The multi-level height restrictions include eight levels from Area A to Area H. The construction includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Construction planning: Divide the gable-shaped portal frame structure vertically into three vertical zones: Zone I, Zone II, and Zone III. Each vertical zone is divided horizontally into five horizontal zones. Sequential construction of the five horizontal zones is carried out simultaneously in the three vertical zones.

[0059] Step 2: Cave filling: Determine the fully filled, partially filled, and unfilled soil cave areas within the construction area according to the design requirements, and then use sleeve valve pipe grouting to fill the caves according to the filling requirements;

[0060] Step 3: Pipe pile construction: Survey and set out work is carried out in the construction area, a survey control network is established, and elevation base points are selected as the basis for elevation control during construction. The pile driver is positioned to start piling. After the pipe pile is delivered, the exposed pile section is cut off and the pile top is sealed.

[0061] Step 4: Foundation construction: Complete foundation construction within the construction area, with multiple cup-shaped foundations 2 set up on the foundation. According to the design drawings, the foundation pit of the business center is 8.5m deep, with two anchor cables and steel waist beams installed, with a spacing of 1.8m and an anchor cable length of 20.5 / 19m. On the west side of the foundation pit are plain concrete piles for composite foundation construction, with a pile diameter of 500, a pile spacing of 1.5m, and a construction pile length of 8.5m. During anchor cable construction, there is a possibility of hitting the plain concrete piles, damaging the pile bodies, and some plain concrete piles are located within the foundation pit slope range, which may damage the pile bodies during excavation. Review the relevant drawings, adjust the anchor cable spacing based on the plain concrete pile positioning and pile spacing, prioritize the plain concrete pile area, and then proceed with foundation pit anchor cable construction.

[0062] Step five, steel structure construction: construction of five horizontal areas is carried out in sequence in three vertical areas at the same time, and S0 is carried out in each horizontal area in turn, the column reinforcement and adjustment device 3 assists the steel column 1 to be hoisted to the cup-mouth foundation 2; S1, the assembling device 5 assists the portal frame beam 4 to be assembled on the ground; S2, the limited hoisting height hoisting device 6 is used to hoist the portal frame beam 4; S3, the limited hoisting height hoisting device 6 is used to hoist the column support, tie rod and water support; S4, the limited hoisting height hoisting device 6 is used in conjunction with the purlin hoisting fixture 8 to hoist the purlin.

[0063] The column reinforcement and adjustment device 3 includes a frame 30, an upper clamping assembly 31 and a lower adjustment assembly 32. The frame 30 is detachably mounted on the cup-mouth foundation 2. At least four groups of upper clamping assemblies 31 are adjustably arranged on the top of the frame 30, and at least four groups of lower adjustment assemblies 32 are adjustably arranged on the bottom of the frame 30. After the at least four groups of lower adjustment assemblies 32 adjust the alignment of the steel column 1, they are temporarily clamped and fixed by at least four groups of upper clamping assemblies 31; the frame 30 is a hexahedral frame structure composed of eight beams 300 and four legs 301. The hexahedral frame structure is fixedly arranged on the cup-mouth foundation 2. A group of upper clamping assemblies 31 are arranged on the four beams 300 on the upper layer of the frame 30. Each of the four crossbeams 300 on the lower layer is provided with a set of lower adjustment components 32; the upper clamping component 31 includes a screw 310 and a nut seat 311. The nut seat 311 is detachably mounted on the oblong hole of the crossbeam 300 via the screw. The screw 310 is threadedly connected in the nut seat 311, and the top end of the screw 310 abuts against the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column 1; the lower adjustment component 32 is a hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, with a top plate provided at the top of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, which abuts against the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column 1; an L-shaped hook is fixedly provided at the bottom of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack. When the top end of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack abuts against the bottom side wall of the cup-shaped column 1, the L-shaped hook is laterally hooked on the crossbeam 300.

[0064] One or more crossbeams 300 on the lower layer of the frame 30 are movable crossbeams, connected to adjacent crossbeams 300 by bolts. One or more crossbeams 300 on the upper layer of the frame 30 are also movable crossbeams, connected to adjacent crossbeams 300 by bolts. The legs 301 are welded to the crossbeams 300.

[0065] S0 is specifically:

[0066] A0, the inner wall of the installation position of the cup-shaped foundation 2 must be roughened and cleaned first, and the cup-shaped foundation debris must be completely removed. Use a measuring instrument to draw the vertical and horizontal positioning cross lines for the installation of the steel column 1 on the cup-shaped foundation 2, and measure and set the bottom elevation of the cup-shaped foundation 2 to ensure the elevation of the steel column 1 is accurate during installation;

[0067] A1. Place the column reinforcement adjustment device 3 on the cup-shaped foundation 2, loosen the four screws 310, and insert the reserved steel column 1 into the installation position;

[0068] A2: Use a car crane to lift steel column 1 to the installation site. Slowly lower it manually. Place the bottom surfaces of four hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks against steel column 1. The L-shaped hooks of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks should rest against the lower crossbeam 300 of frame 30. Adjust the coordinate position of steel column 1 by manually cranking the handles of each hand-cranked flat-bottom jack until the vertical and horizontal positioning crosshairs are aligned with the centerline of steel column 1.

[0069] A3. After the coordinate position adjustment is completed, tighten the four screws and press them against the flange side wall of steel column 1. Prepare two theodolites and place them on the north and east sides of steel column 1. Measure the centerline of steel column 1. If the longitudinal centerline is aligned, steel column 1 is vertical. If it is not aligned, steel column 1 needs to be adjusted. Adjust the verticality of steel column 1 by adjusting the length of the screw threads until the centerline of steel column 1 in both directions is aligned with the centerline of the theodolite.

[0070] A4. After the plane position, verticality and elevation meet the requirements, check whether all the fixings are firm. After confirming that they are correct, release the lifting rope of the truck crane. The installation of steel column 1 is completed.

[0071] A5, pour concrete inside the cup-shaped foundation 2. Before the concrete reaches the final setting state, the column reinforcement and adjustment device 3 can be removed.

[0072] The assembly device 5 includes at least two assembly frames 50 and at least two sets of clamping assemblies 51. At least two assembly frames 50 are placed side by side. Two adjacent assembly frames 50 are connected by a connecting rod 52. A rigid frame unit beam 40 is placed on each assembly frame 50. The rigid frame unit beams 40 are temporarily fixedly connected by two sets of clamping assemblies 51 and assembled into a portal rigid frame beam 4 by screwing bolts. The assembly frame 50 includes a support 500 and two sets of pillars 501. The two sets of pillars 501 are relatively arranged on the support 500. On both sides, each group of pillars 501 includes two legs, and the interval between the two legs is used to clamp and position the rigid frame unit beam 40; a roller 502 is rotatably provided at the bottom between the two legs, and a roller 13 is installed on the roller 502; the support 500 includes two horizontal beams and two longitudinal beams, and the two longitudinal beams are relatively parallel and connected by two horizontal beams; the clamping assembly 51 includes a first clamping plate 510 and a second clamping plate 511, and the first clamping plate 510 and the second clamping plate 511 have the same shape and size The oblong hole at the top of the first clamping plate 510 and the oblong hole at the top of the second clamping plate 511 are adjustably connected by bolts; a circular hole is opened in the middle of the first clamping plate 510 and the second clamping plate 511, and a perforated cone 53 is provided between the circular hole and the circular hole opened on the rigid frame unit beam 40; a notch 55 is provided at the bottom of the first clamping plate 510 and the bottom of the second clamping plate 511 to be clamped at the upper flange or lower flange of the rigid frame unit beam 40; in the middle of one side of the first clamping plate 510 and the middle of one side of the second clamping plate 511 A group of top pressure components 54 are provided in each part, and the top pressure components 54 include a fixing block 540, a nut 541 and a tightening bolt 542. The fixing block 540 is fixedly arranged above the slot 55, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the fixing block 540. A nut 541 is provided on the fixing block 540 and at the through hole. The tightening bolt 542 is connected to the inner thread of the nut 541. When the clamping assembly 51 is clamped and connected between two adjacent rigid frame unit beams 40, the bottom end of the tightening bolt 542 is against the upper flange and the lower flange of the rigid frame unit beam 40.

[0073] S1 is specifically:

[0074] B0, assemble the tire frame 50 in advance on a level ground;

[0075] B1, using a truck crane to lift two sections of the rigid frame unit beams 40 to be assembled onto the assembly cradle 50, and sliding the rigid frame unit beams 40 on the assembly cradle 50 for preliminary positioning and docking;

[0076] B2. Install the clamping assembly 51 on the upper and lower flanges of the joint of the rigid frame unit beam 40. At the same time, temporarily fix the first clamping plate 510 and the second clamping plate 511 to the rigid frame unit beam 40 respectively using the perforated cone 53. Tighten the jacking bolts 542 to further tighten the clamping assembly 51.

[0077] B3, connect the rigid frame unit beam 40 with high-strength bolts at the joints, and tighten the high-strength bolts from the middle to the two ends;

[0078] B4, remove the clamping assembly 51 and complete the butt-jointing assembly of the portal frame beam 4.

[0079] The limited lifting height hoisting device 6 includes a steel wire rope 60, a hoisting beam 61 and a plurality of clamp bodies 62. The hoisting beam 61 is provided with a plurality of clamp bodies 62 at intervals. The two ends of the steel wire rope 60 hung on the automobile lifting rope are connected to the top of two clamp bodies 62 in the plurality of clamp bodies 62. The bottoms of the plurality of clamp bodies 62 are used to connect the lifting ears or purlin hoisting clamps 8 of the portal frame beam 4. The clamp bodies 62 are provided with mounting holes 620 that are compatible with the outer shape of the hoisting beam 61. The top and bottom ends of the clamp bodies 62 are provided with hoisting parts 63. A plurality of fastening components 65 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the clamp bodies 62. The plurality of fastening components 65 fix the clamp bodies 62 on the hoisting beam 61. The mounting portion 63 is provided with lifting holes, the lifting hole at the top is connected to the end of the wire rope 60, and the lifting hole at the bottom is connected to the lifting ear or purlin lifting fixture 8 of the portal frame beam 4 through the connecting rope 64; the fastening assembly 65 includes a base 650 fixedly set on the clamp body 62 and an adjusting bolt 651 installed on the base 650 through a threaded adjustability, and a locking nut 652 is provided on the adjusting bolt 651; four fastening assemblies 65 are provided on the front and rear sides of the clamp body 62, two fastening assemblies 65 are located on the left or right side of the mounting hole 620, and are used to abut against the web of the lifting beam 61, and the other two fastening assemblies 65 are located on the upper and lower sides of the mounting hole 620, and are used to abut against the upper and lower wing plates of the lifting beam 61.

[0080] The hoisting steps of the limited hoisting height hoisting device 6 are as follows:

[0081] C0, place the lifting beam 61 on a flat ground, and the operator inserts the clamp body 62 onto the lifting beam 61 from both ends and moves it to the lifting point position;

[0082] C1, tighten the adjusting bolts 651 on both sides of the clamp body 62 and press them against the upper and lower flanges and webs of the hoisting beam 61 to prevent the clamp body 62 from sliding during the hoisting process;

[0083] C2, the car lifts the hook, the hook is installed with a wire rope 60, and the wire rope 60 is connected to the lifting holes on the upper part of two of the clamp bodies 62 through a shackle;

[0084] C3, the portal frame beam 4 or purlin is in place, and the connecting rope 64 is prepared to be connected to the lifting hole at the lower part of the clamp body 62. The lower end of the connecting rope 64 is then connected to the lifting ear of the portal frame beam 4 or the purlin lifting clamp 8 through a shackle. All shackles must be tightened. The purlin lifting clamp 8 is used to clamp the purlin;

[0085] C4. After the above preparations are completed, the truck crane lifts the portal frame beam 4 or purlin to the installation position, and the construction workers can install it. After the installation is completed, the connecting rope 64 and the lifting ear of the portal frame beam 4 or the purlin lifting fixture 8 are separated.

[0086] The purlin hoisting fixture 8 includes two detachably connected fixture units 80. Each fixture unit 80 is composed of a C-shaped steel plate body 81, an upper connecting portion 82 disposed at the top of the C-shaped steel plate body 81, and a lower connecting portion 83 disposed at the bottom of the C-shaped steel plate body 81. An upper slotted hole 84 is provided between the upper connecting portion 82 and the C-shaped steel plate body 81, and a lower slotted hole 85 is provided between the lower connecting portion 83 and the C-shaped steel plate body 81. During use, the two fixture units are installed on either side of the purlin. The gap between the two C-shaped steel plate bodies, the upper slotted hole, and the lower slotted hole form mounting holes that match the purlin's shape, thereby securing the purlin. Two or more fixtures may be installed depending on the hoisting requirements.

[0087] A lifting hole 86 is provided on the upper connecting part 82, and a connecting hole 87 is provided on the lower connecting part 83. The two lifting holes 86 are connected by a shackle, and the two connecting holes 87 are connected by a connecting piece 88; the two clamp units 80 are respectively installed on both sides of the purlin, and the gap between the two C-shaped steel plate bodies 81, the upper slot hole 84 and the lower slot hole 85 form mounting holes that are adapted to the shape of the purlin; the upper connecting part 82, the lower connecting part 83 and the C-shaped steel plate body 81 are integrally formed; the connecting piece 88 is a bolt, and the two clamp units 80 are detachably connected by using the bolt to pass through the two connecting holes 87.

[0088] The above embodiments are merely some explanations of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the same. Under the concept of the present invention, technical solutions that have not been substantially changed are still within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions, characterized by: The mountain-shaped portal frame structure is located in the Guanghua alluvial basin, which is rich in caves and is hoisted and constructed under multi-level height restrictions. The multi-level height restrictions include eight levels from Area A to Area H. The construction includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction Planning: The gable-shaped portal frame structure is divided vertically into three zones: Zone I, Zone II, and Zone III. Each vertical zone is divided horizontally into five zones. Sequential construction of the five zones is carried out simultaneously in the three vertical zones. Step 2: Cave filling: Determine the fully filled, partially filled, and unfilled soil cave areas within the construction area according to the design requirements, and then use sleeve valve pipe grouting to fill the caves according to the filling requirements; Step 3: Pipe pile construction: Survey and set out work is carried out in the construction area, a survey control network is established, and elevation base points are selected as the basis for elevation control during construction. The pile driver is positioned to start piling. After the pipe pile is delivered, the exposed pile section is cut off and the pile top is sealed. Step 4, foundation construction: complete the foundation construction in the construction area, and set up multiple cup-shaped foundations (2); Step 5, steel structure construction: the construction of the five horizontal areas is carried out in sequence in the three vertical areas at the same time. In each horizontal area, S0 is carried out in sequence, and the column reinforcement and adjustment device (3) assists the steel column (1) to be hoisted to the cup-shaped foundation (2); S1, the assembling device (5) assists the portal frame beam (4) to be assembled on the ground; S2, the limited hoisting height hoisting device (6) hoists the portal frame beam (4); S3, the limited hoisting height hoisting device (6) hoists the column support, tie rod and water support; S4, the limited hoisting height hoisting device (6) and the purlin hoisting fixture (8) are used to hoist the purlin.

2. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column reinforcement and adjustment device (3) comprises a frame (30), an upper clamping assembly (31) and a lower adjustment assembly (32), wherein the frame (30) is detachably mounted on the cup-mouth base (2), at least four groups of the upper clamping assemblies (31) are adjustably arranged on the top of the frame (30), and at least four groups of the lower adjustment assemblies (32) are adjustably arranged on the bottom of the frame (30), and after the at least four groups of the lower adjustment assemblies (32) adjust the alignment of the steel column (1), they are temporarily clamped and fixed by the at least four groups of the upper clamping assemblies (31); the frame (30) is a hexahedral frame structure composed of eight beams (300) and four legs (301), and the hexahedral frame structure is fixedly arranged on the cup-mouth base (2), and a group of the upper clamping assemblies (31) are arranged on each of the four beams (300) on the upper layer of the frame (30). A set of lower adjustment components (32) is provided on each of the four crossbeams (300) of the lower layer of the frame (30); the upper clamping component (31) includes a screw (310) and a nut seat (311), the nut seat (311) is detachably mounted on the oblong hole of the crossbeam (300) through the screw, the screw (310) is threadedly connected in the nut seat (311), and the top end of the screw (310) is against the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column (1); the lower adjustment component (32) is a hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, a top plate is provided at the top end of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, and the top plate is against the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column (1); an L-shaped hook is fixedly provided at the bottom of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack, and when the top end of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jack is against the side wall of the bottom flange of the steel column (1), the L-shaped hook is laterally hooked on the crossbeam (300).

3. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S0 is specifically: A0, the inner wall of the installation position of the cup mouth foundation (2) must be roughened and cleaned first, and the cup mouth debris must be completely removed. The vertical and horizontal positioning cross lines for the installation of the steel column (1) are drawn on the cup mouth foundation (2) by measuring instruments, and the bottom elevation of the cup mouth foundation (2) is measured and set to ensure that the elevation of the steel column (1) is accurate during installation; A1, place the column reinforcement adjustment device (3) on the cup base (2), loosen the four screws (310), and insert the reserved steel column (1) into the installation position; A2, lift the steel column (1) to the installation position by using a car crane, slowly put it into place manually, and press the bottom surfaces of four hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks against the steel column (1), and press the L-shaped hooks of the hand-cranked flat-bottom jacks against the crossbeam (300) of the lower layer of the frame (30) against each other, and adjust the coordinate position of the steel column (1) by manually cranking each hand-cranked flat-bottom jack handle so that the vertical and horizontal positioning cross lines are aligned with the center line of the steel column (1); A3. After the coordinate position adjustment is completed, tighten the four screws and press them against the flange side wall of the steel column (1). Prepare two theodolites and place them on the north and east sides of the steel column (1) respectively. Measure the center line of the steel column (1). If the longitudinal center line is aligned, the steel column (1) is vertical. If it is not aligned, the steel column (1) needs to be adjusted. The verticality of the steel column (1) is adjusted by adjusting the length of the screw thread until the center line of the steel column (1) in both directions is aligned with the center line of the theodolite. A4, after the plane position, verticality and elevation meet the requirements, check whether the fixing parts are firm. After confirming that they are correct, release the lifting rope of the car crane, and the installation of the steel column (1) is completed; A5, pour concrete inside the cup-shaped foundation (2). Before the concrete reaches the final setting state, the column reinforcement and adjustment device (3) can be removed.

4. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembling device (5) comprises at least two assembling frames (50) and at least two groups of clamping assemblies (51), at least two assembling frames (50) are placed side by side, and two adjacent assembling frames (50) are connected by a connecting rod (52), a rigid frame unit beam (40) is placed on each assembling frame (50), and the rigid frame unit beams (40) are temporarily fixedly connected by two groups of clamping assemblies (51) and assembled into a portal rigid frame beam (4) by screwing bolts; the assembling frame (50) comprises a support (500) and two groups of pillars (501), and the two groups of pillars (501) are relatively arranged on the two sides of the support (500). On the side, each group of pillars (501) includes two legs, and the two legs are spaced apart and used for clamping and positioning the rigid frame unit beam (40); a roller (502) is rotatably provided at the bottom between the two legs, and a roller (13) is installed on the roller (502); the support (500) includes two crossbeams and two longitudinal beams, and the two longitudinal beams are relatively parallel and connected by the two crossbeams; the clamping assembly (51) includes a first clamping plate (510) and a second clamping plate (511), the first clamping plate (510) and the second clamping plate (511) are consistent in shape and size, and the first clamping plate (510) ) and the top oblong hole of the second clamping plate (511) are adjustably connected by bolts; a circular hole is provided in the middle of each of the first clamping plate (510) and the second clamping plate (511), and a perforated cone (53) is provided between the circular hole and the circular hole provided on the rigid frame unit beam (40); a notch (55) is provided at the bottom of the first clamping plate (510) and the bottom of the second clamping plate (511) to be clamped at the upper flange or lower flange of the rigid frame unit beam (40); a set of A top-pressing assembly (54), the top-pressing assembly (54) comprising a fixed block (540), a nut (541) and a tightening bolt (542), the fixed block (540) being fixedly arranged above the notch (55), a through hole being arranged in the middle of the fixed block (540), a nut (541) being arranged on the fixed block (540) at the through hole, a tightening bolt (542) being connected to the inner thread of the nut (541), and when the clamping assembly (51) is clamped and connected between two adjacent rigid frame unit beams (40), the bottom end of the tightening bolt (542) abuts against the upper flange and the lower flange of the rigid frame unit beam (40).

5. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S1 is specifically: B0, assembling the tire frame (50) in advance on a level ground; B1, using a truck crane to lift two sections of the rigid frame unit beams (40) to be assembled onto the assembly frame (50), and sliding the rigid frame unit beams (40) on the assembly frame (50) to perform preliminary positioning and docking; B2, install the clamping assembly (51) on the upper flange and the lower flange of the joint of the rigid frame unit beam (40), and temporarily fix the first clamping plate (510) and the second clamping plate (511) to the rigid frame unit beam (40) respectively through the perforated cone (53), and tighten the tightening bolt (542) to further tighten the clamping assembly (51); B3, the joints of the rigid frame unit beams (40) are connected by high-strength bolts, and the bolts are tightened in the order from the middle to the two ends; B4, remove the clamping assembly (51) and complete the butt assembly of the portal frame beam (4).

6. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limited hoisting height hoisting device (6) comprises a steel wire rope (60), a hoisting beam (61) and a plurality of clamp bodies (62), wherein the hoisting beam (61) is provided with a plurality of clamp bodies (62) at intervals, the steel wire rope (60) hung on the automobile hoisting rope is connected at both ends to the tops of two clamp bodies (62) among the plurality of clamp bodies (62), and the bottoms of the plurality of clamp bodies (62) are used for hoisting the lugs of the portal frame beam (4) or the purlin hoisting clamp (8); a mounting hole (620) adapted to the shape of the hoisting beam (61) is provided on the clamp body (62), a hoisting portion (63) is provided at both ends of the top and bottom of the clamp body (62), a plurality of fastening components (65) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the clamp body (62), and the plurality of fastening components (65) fix the clamp body (62) to the hoisting beam (61); A hoisting hole is provided, the hoisting hole at the top is connected to the end of the steel wire rope (60), and the hoisting hole at the bottom is hoisted to the lifting lug of the portal frame beam (4) or the purlin hoisting fixture (8) through a connecting rope (64); the fastening assembly (65) includes a base (650) fixedly provided on the fixture body (62) and an adjusting bolt (651) adjustable by a thread mounted on the base (650), and a locking nut (652) is provided on the adjusting bolt (651); four fastening assemblies (65) are provided on the front side and the rear side of the fixture body (62), two fastening assemblies (65) are located on the left or right side of the mounting hole (620) and are used to abut against the web of the hoisting beam (61), and the other two fastening assemblies (65) are located on the upper and lower sides of the mounting hole (620) and are used to abut against the upper and lower wing plates of the hoisting beam (61).

7. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hoisting steps of the limited hoisting height hoisting device (6) are as follows: C0, place the hoisting beam (61) on a flat ground, and the operator inserts the clamp body (62) into the hoisting beam (61) from both ends of the hoisting beam (61) and moves it to the hoisting point position; C1, tighten the adjusting bolts (651) on both sides of the clamp body (62) and press them against the upper and lower flanges and the web of the hoisting beam (61) to prevent the clamp body (62) from sliding during the hoisting process; C2, the car lifts the hook, the hook is installed with a wire rope (60), and the wire rope (60) is connected to the lifting holes on the upper part of two of the clamp bodies (62) through a shackle; C3, the portal frame beam (4) or purlin is in place, and the connecting rope (64) is prepared to be connected to the lower hoisting hole of the clamp body (62). The lower end of the connecting rope (64) is then connected to the lifting lug of the portal frame beam (4) or the purlin hoisting clamp (8) through a shackle. All shackles must be tightened. The purlin hoisting clamp (8) is used to clamp the purlin; C4, after the above preparation work is completed, the automobile crane lifts the portal frame beam (4) or the purlin to the installation position, and the construction personnel can install it. After the installation is completed, the connecting rope (64) and the lifting lug of the portal frame beam (4) or the purlin lifting fixture (8) are separated.

8. The method for constructing a multi-level gabled portal frame structure under height-limited conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The purlin hoisting fixture (8) comprises two detachably connected fixture monomers (80), wherein the fixture monomer (80) is composed of a C-shaped steel plate body (81), an upper connecting portion (82) arranged at the top of the C-shaped steel plate body (81), and a lower connecting portion (83) arranged at the bottom of the C-shaped steel plate body (81); an upper slot hole (84) is arranged between the upper connecting portion (82) and the C-shaped steel plate body (81), and a lower slot hole (85) is arranged between the lower connecting portion (83) and the C-shaped steel plate body (81); a hoisting hole (86) is arranged on the upper connecting portion (82), and a lower slot hole (85) is arranged between the lower connecting portion (83) and the C-shaped steel plate body (81); A connecting hole (87) is provided on the upper portion, two lifting holes (86) are connected by a shackle, and the two connecting holes (87) are connected by a connecting piece (88); the two clamp monomers (80) are respectively installed on both sides of the purlin, and the gap between the two C-shaped steel plate bodies (81), the upper slot hole (84) and the lower slot hole (85) form a mounting hole that is adapted to the shape of the purlin; the upper connecting portion (82), the lower connecting portion (83) and the C-shaped steel plate body (81) are integrally formed; the connecting piece (88) is a bolt, and the bolt is used to pass through the two connecting holes (87) to detachably connect the two clamp monomers (80).

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