Foundation pile for highway bridge and mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a foundation pile for a highway bridge and an installation method, and belongs to the technical field of bridge foundation piles, the foundation pile comprises a bridge body and a controller, a supporting base is installed at the bottom of the bridge body, and the supporting base is connected with an upper plane supporting body; the upper plane supporting body is connected with a supporting rod through an upper spherical hinge seat; the tail end of the strut is connected with a lower plane supporting body through a lower spherical hinge seat; a lower jacking mechanism is arranged on the upper plane supporting body and connected with a jacking plate, and the bottom of the jacking plate abuts against an elastic supporting column. A pressure sensor is arranged between the bottom of the top plate and the elastic supporting column. The elastic supporting column comprises a bottom column fixedly connected with the lower plane supporting body, a multi-stage spring damping structure is arranged in the bottom column, the multi-stage spring damping structure is connected with an upper column, and the upper column is connected with the bottom column in a sleeved mode. And a pressure sensor of the lower jacking mechanism is connected with the controller. The problems that a traditional column pile is weak in anti-roll capacity, poor in geological adaptability and complex in installation are solved, and the column pile is suitable for bridge foundation engineering under complex hydrogeological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge foundation piles, and particularly relates to a foundation pile for highway bridges and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The bridge pile foundation is the lowest part of the bridge structure directly in contact with the foundation, and is an important part of the lower structure of the bridge. The part of the formation that bears the load transmitted from the foundation is called the foundation. After the foundation and the foundation are subjected to various loads, stresses and deformations will occur in themselves. To ensure the normal use and safety of the bridge, the foundation and the foundation must have sufficient strength and stability, and the deformation should also be within the allowable range.

[0003] However, most traditional bridge foundation piles are columnar structures, and there are the following technical problems: Insufficient anti-rollover ability: The columnar foundation pile has a small contact area with the ground and is prone to rollover under fast-flowing water or earthquake action.

[0004] Poor geological adaptability: The support range of the existing foundation pile is fixed, and it is difficult to automatically adjust the embedding depth according to the hardness of the soil.

[0005] Low construction efficiency: The complex support structure needs to be assembled on site in multiple steps, which takes a long time and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of foundation pile structure with a large contact area, strong adaptability and convenient installation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a foundation pile for highway bridges and an installation method thereof; the foundation pile for highway bridges solves the problems of weak anti-rollover ability, poor geological adaptability and complex installation of traditional column piles, and is applicable to bridge foundation projects under complex hydrogeological conditions.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, a foundation pile for highway bridges provided by the present invention includes a bridge body and a controller. A support base is installed at the bottom of the bridge body. The support base is connected with an upper plane support body. The upper plane support body adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure, and adjacent layers are connected by inclined radial plates; The lower surface of the middle part of the upper plane support body is connected with a support rod through an upper spherical hinge seat. The upper spherical hinge seat is internally provided with an angle sensor and a micro damper, which are used to detect the inclination angle of the support rod in real time and feedback it to the controller, and at the same time suppress high-frequency vibration; The end of the support rod is connected with a lower plane support body through a lower spherical hinge seat. The lower plane support body adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure, and adjacent layers are connected by inclined radial plates. Serrated anchoring teeth are arranged at the bottom thereof, and a titanium nitride wear-resistant coating is covered on the surface of the serrated anchoring teeth; At least three lower jacking mechanisms are axially and uniformly arranged on the upper plane support body. The lower jacking mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, and its telescopic end is connected to a top plate. An elastic support column abuts against the bottom of the top plate; a pressure sensor is arranged between the bottom of the top plate and the elastic support column; The elastic support column includes a bottom column fixedly connected to the lower plane support body. A multi-stage spring damping structure is arranged inside the bottom column. The multi-stage spring damping structure is connected to an upper column, and the upper column is sleeved with the bottom column; The pressure sensor of the lower jacking mechanism is communicatively connected to a controller. The controller is integrated with a machine learning module. After being trained by historical geological data, it can predict the change of the foundation bearing capacity and adjust the telescopic amount of the hydraulic cylinder in advance.

[0009] In a further improvement of the present invention, the rotation angle ranges of both the upper spherical hinge seat and the lower spherical hinge seat are ±15°, and the hinge surface is coated with a graphene lubricating coating.

[0010] In a further improvement of the present invention, the tooth height of the serrated anchoring teeth is 20 - 50 cm, the tooth pitch is 10 - 30 cm, the tooth tip is made of tungsten steel, and a stress relief groove is provided at the tooth root, and the groove depth is 1 / 5 - 1 / 3 of the tooth height.

[0011] In a further improvement of the present invention, the multi-stage spring damping structure includes a main spring and an auxiliary spring connected in series. The stiffness coefficient of the main spring is 500 - 800 N / mm, the stiffness coefficient of the auxiliary spring is 200 - 400 N / mm, and the auxiliary spring is embedded with a magnetorheological fluid damper, and the damping force is dynamically adjusted by the controller.

[0012] In a further improvement of the present invention, the gap between the upper column and the bottom column is filled with a temperature-adaptive lubricant. The temperature-adaptive lubricant is a silicon-based compound grease, and its viscosity change rate in an environment of -30°C to 80°C is ≤5%, and it is doped with nano-silica particles.

[0013] In a further improvement of the present invention, the controller is connected to a cloud server through a wireless communication module, and the force data, inclination angle and damping state of the foundation pile are uploaded in real time, and remote control instructions are received.

[0014] In a further improvement of the present invention, a detachable buffer cushion layer is arranged between the support base and the upper plane support body. The detachable buffer cushion layer is made of a polyurethane elastomer, with a thickness of 10 - 30 mm and a Shore hardness of 70 - 90A.

[0015] In a further improvement of the present invention, the support rod is a hollow structure, filled with lightweight foamed concrete inside, and spiral diversion grooves are provided on the outer wall, and the groove depth is 2 - 5 mm.

[0016] In the further improvement of the present invention, distributed fiber optic sensors are embedded in the hexagonal edges of the lower plane support body for real-time monitoring of the strain distribution of the foundation soil mass, and the data is fed back to the controller to optimize the embedding depth.

[0017] The present invention provides an installation method for a foundation pile used in a highway bridge, including 1) Determining the hard and soft distribution of the foundation through ground penetrating radar scanning; 2) Adjusting the initial pressure of the lower jacking mechanism to make the anchoring teeth of the lower plane support body contact the formation; 3) Starting the machine learning module to dynamically optimize the telescopic amount and damping parameters of the hydraulic cylinder according to real-time data; 4) After the installation is completed, continuously monitor the status of the foundation pile through the cloud server and generate a maintenance warning report.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention solves the problems of weak anti-rollover ability, poor geological adaptability and complex installation of traditional column piles, and is applicable to bridge foundation projects under complex hydrogeological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the background art or the technical solutions of the present invention, the attached drawings used in the prior art or the specific embodiments are briefly introduced below; obviously, the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so they do not have technical essence. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Bridge body; 2. Support base; 3. Upper plane support body; 4. Upper spherical hinge seat; 5. Support rod; 6. Lower spherical hinge seat; 7. Lower plane support body; 8. Lower jacking mechanism; 9. Top plate; 10. Bottom column; 11. Upper column; 12. Multi-stage spring damping structure; 13. Oblique web. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Meanwhile, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. cited in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. The change or adjustment of its relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope in which the present invention can be implemented.

[0024] Meanwhile, in the description of this specification, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0025] Traditional bridge foundation piles are mostly columnar structures, and there are the following technical problems: Insufficient anti-rollover ability: The contact area between the columnar foundation pile and the ground is small, and it is prone to rollover under the action of fast-flowing water or earthquake.

[0026] Poor geological adaptability: The support range of the existing foundation pile is fixed, and it is difficult to automatically adjust the embedding depth according to the hardness of the soil.

[0027] Low construction efficiency: The complex support structure needs to be assembled on-site in multiple steps, which takes a long time and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy.

[0028] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of foundation pile structure with a large contact area, strong adaptability, and convenient installation.

[0029] The design concept of this application is to redesign the foundation pile structure, solve the problems of weak anti-rollover ability, poor geological adaptability, and complex installation of traditional column piles, and is applicable to bridge foundation engineering under complex hydrogeological conditions.

[0030] Such asFigure 1 As shown in the figure, the present application provides a foundation pile for a highway bridge, including a bridge body 1 and a controller. A support base 2 is installed at the bottom of the bridge body 1. The support base 2 is connected to an upper plane support body 3. The upper plane support body 3 adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure with a layer spacing of 0.5 - 1.2 m. Each layer of the hexagonal body is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, and adjacent layers are connected by inclined radial plates 13; The lower surface of the middle part of the upper plane support body 3 is connected to a support rod 5 through an upper spherical hinge seat 4. The upper spherical hinge seat 4 is internally provided with an angle sensor and a micro damper, which are used to detect the inclination angle of the support rod 5 in real time and feedback it to the controller, and at the same time suppress high-frequency vibration; The end of the support rod 5 is connected to a lower plane support body 7 through a lower spherical hinge seat 6. The lower plane support body 7 adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure with a layer spacing of 0.5 - 1.2 m. Each layer of the hexagonal body is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, and adjacent layers are connected by inclined radial plates 13. Sawtooth-shaped anchoring teeth are arranged at the bottom, and the surface of the sawtooth-shaped anchoring teeth is covered with a titanium nitride wear-resistant coating; At least three lower jacking mechanisms 8 are uniformly arranged axially on the upper plane support body 3. The lower jacking mechanism 8 is a hydraulic cylinder, and its telescopic end is connected to a top plate 9. An elastic support column abuts against the bottom of the top plate 9; A pressure sensor is arranged between the bottom of the top plate 9 and the elastic support column; The elastic support column includes a bottom column 110 fixedly connected to the lower plane support body 7. A multi-stage spring damping structure 12 is arranged inside the bottom column 10. The outside of the multi-stage spring damping structure 12 is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant rubber layer. The multi-stage spring damping structure 12 is connected to an upper column 11, and the upper column 11 is slidably sleeved with the bottom column 10; The pressure sensor of the lower jacking mechanism 8 is communicatively connected to the controller. The controller is integrated with a machine learning module. After being trained by historical geological data, it can predict the change of foundation bearing capacity and adjust the telescopic amount of the hydraulic cylinder in advance.

[0031] The three-layer concentric hexagonal structure, distributed optical fiber sensor and machine learning module work together. Through the combination of structural strengthening, real-time monitoring and intelligent control, the anti-rollover ability, geological adaptability and maintenance efficiency are improved synchronously.

[0032] It can be understood that the three-layer concentric hexagonal structure (carbon fiber reinforced composite material, with the inclined web 13 connected) of the present application can achieve the purpose of improving structural strength. The carbon fiber composite material and the hexagonal layered design significantly enhance the compressive and flexural resistance; the upper spherical hinge seat 4 and the lower spherical hinge seat 6 (embedded with angle sensors and micro dampers) achieve optimized dynamic stability. The micro damper suppresses high-frequency vibrations and reduces the impact of earthquakes or water flow; the titanium nitride wear-resistant coating anchor teeth achieve wear resistance and extended service life. The titanium nitride coating protects the anchor teeth and reduces wear; the machine learning module controls the hydraulic cylinder for intelligent adaptive adjustment. The machine learning predicts geological changes and adjusts the embedding depth in real time.

[0033] Among them, the rotation angle range of the upper spherical hinge seat 4 and the lower spherical hinge seat 6 is both ±15°. The hinge surface is coated with a graphene lubricating coating, and the hinge seat housing adopts a titanium alloy honeycomb structure to reduce weight.

[0034] It can be understood that the lightweight design of the titanium alloy honeycomb structure hinge seat housing. The honeycomb structure reduces the overall weight while maintaining strength. The graphene lubricating coating reduces the frictional resistance. The graphene coating reduces the rotational friction of the spherical hinge seat, improving flexibility and durability.

[0035] Among them, the tooth height of the serrated anchor teeth is 20 - 50 cm, the tooth pitch is 10 - 30 cm, the tooth tip is made of tungsten steel, and a stress relief groove is provided at the tooth root, and the groove depth is 1 / 5 - 1 / 3 of the tooth height.

[0036] It can be understood that the stress relief groove of the anchor teeth disperses the stress. The stress relief groove at the tooth root prevents fracture caused by stress concentration; the tungsten steel tooth tip enhances the impact resistance. The tungsten steel tooth tip remains sharp in hard strata, improving the anchoring efficiency.

[0037] Among them, the multi-stage spring damping structure 12 includes a main spring and an auxiliary spring connected in series. The stiffness coefficient of the main spring is 500 - 800 N / mm, the stiffness coefficient of the auxiliary spring is 200 - 400 N / mm, and a magnetorheological fluid damper is embedded in the auxiliary spring, and the damping force is dynamically adjusted by the controller.

[0038] It can be understood that the magnetorheological fluid damper (embedded in the auxiliary spring) performs dynamic damping adjustment, adjusts the damping force in real time according to the external load, and adapts to different geological conditions (such as energy absorption in soft soil and shock absorption in hard rock). Those skilled in the art can adjust the pressure parameters of the lower jacking mechanism, the spring stiffness coefficient, and the anchor tooth size according to the actual geological conditions. Such equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Wherein, a temperature - adaptive lubricant is filled in the socket gap between the upper column 11 and the bottom column 10. The temperature - adaptive lubricant is a silicon - based composite grease, whose viscosity change rate is ≤5% in the environment of - 30°C to 80°C, and doped with nano - silica particles to enhance the compressive performance.

[0040] It can be understood that the silicon - based lubricant enhanced by nano - silica has good temperature adaptability, can maintain stable lubrication performance at extreme temperatures, and avoid the jamming of elastic struts; the compressive resistance is improved, and the nano - particles enhance the pressure - bearing capacity of the lubricant, prolonging the service life.

[0041] Wherein, the controller is connected to the cloud server through a wireless communication module, and uploads the stress data, inclination angle and damping state of the foundation pile in real time, and receives remote control instructions.

[0042] It can be understood that the remote intelligent monitoring of the wireless communication module and the cloud server uploads the status data of the foundation pile in real time, supporting remote fault diagnosis and maintenance decision - making.

[0043] Wherein, a detachable buffer cushion layer is arranged between the support base 2 and the upper - plane support body 3. The detachable buffer cushion layer is made of polyurethane elastomer, with a thickness of 10 - 30 mm and a Shore hardness of 70 - 90A.

[0044] It can be understood that the detachable polyurethane buffer cushion layer absorbs impact, reducing the vibration transmitted from the bridge body to the foundation pile; the maintainability is convenient, and the detachable design facilitates the replacement or overhaul of the buffer layer.

[0045] Wherein, the support rod 5 is of a hollow structure, filled with lightweight foamed concrete inside, and a spiral diversion groove with a groove depth of 2 - 5 mm is arranged on the outer wall, which is used to reduce the water flow impact resistance.

[0046] It can be understood that the diversion groove (spiral) of the support rod optimizes the water flow impact. The diversion groove disperses the water flow pressure, reducing the damage of the eddy current to the support rod. The lightweight foamed concrete filling provides lightweight and heat insulation. The foamed concrete reduces the weight of the support rod and provides heat insulation protection.

[0047] Wherein, distributed optical fiber sensors are embedded at the edges of the hexagons of the lower - plane support body 7, which are used to monitor the strain distribution of the foundation soil in real time, and feedback the data to the controller to optimize the embedding depth.

[0048] It can be understood that the distributed optical fiber sensors (at the edges of the hexagons) accurately monitor the strain, and in real - time feedback the strain distribution of the foundation soil, guiding the adjustment of the embedding depth and preventing local settlement or cracking.

[0049] The present invention provides an installation method for the foundation pile used for highway bridges, including, 1) Determining the distribution of soft and hard ground through ground - penetrating radar scanning; 2) Adjust the initial pressure of the lower jacking mechanism 8 so that the anchoring teeth of the lower plane support 7 contact the formation; 3) Start the machine learning module and dynamically optimize the telescopic amount and damping parameters of the hydraulic cylinder according to real-time data; 4) After installation, continuously monitor the pile foundation status through the cloud server and generate a maintenance warning report.

[0050] It can be understood that the intelligent installation method (ground penetrating radar scanning, cloud monitoring) improves construction efficiency. The ground penetrating radar quickly locates hard and soft formations and optimizes the initial installation parameters; for full life cycle management, a maintenance warning report is generated in the cloud to achieve preventive maintenance.

[0051] Through the combination of innovative structural design and intelligent control system in this application, the following core technical effects are achieved: 1. The anti-rollover ability is significantly improved Structural design: The contact area of the three-layer concentric hexagonal support is increased by 3 times compared with the traditional column pile. Combining the connection of the inclined radial plate 13 and carbon fiber material, the flexural rigidity is increased by about 40%.

[0052] Dynamic stability: The upper spherical hinge seat 4 and the lower spherical hinge seat 6 are internally provided with micro dampers and magnetorheological fluid dampers, which can suppress the vibration caused by earthquake or water flow impact, and the lateral force dispersion efficiency is increased by 70%.

[0053] Anchoring reinforcement: The serrated tungsten steel anchoring teeth and stress relief groove design increase the embedding depth of the pile foundation into the formation by 30% and enhance the anti-pulling ability.

[0054] The contact area of the three-layer concentric hexagonal structure is increased by 3 times compared with the traditional column pile, and the lateral force dispersion efficiency of the water flow is increased by 70%; by expanding the contact area between the pile foundation and the ground and using a force-dispersing connector, the stability of the bridge foundation is significantly improved and the rollover risk is reduced; the introduction of the underground anchoring system firmly connects the pile foundation to the deep formation, further enhancing the anti-tilt strength of the pile foundation.

[0055] 2. The geological adaptability is comprehensively optimized Intelligent adjustment: The machine learning module combines with distributed fiber optic sensors to analyze the foundation strain data in real time and dynamically adjust the pressure of the lower jacking mechanism and the damping parameters of the elastic struts to adapt to complex geological conditions such as soft soil and hard rock.

[0056] Environmental compatibility: Temperature-adaptive lubricant and corrosion-resistant rubber layer ensure the stable performance of the elastic struts in the environment of -30°C to 80°C and extend the service life by 50%.

[0057] The lower jacking mechanism 8 and the elastic struts automatically adjust the embedding depth of the branches according to the soil hardness, enabling the pile foundation to adapt to different geological conditions and bridge load requirements, and improving the applicability and flexibility of the pile foundation.

[0058] 3. Improved Construction Efficiency and Maintenance Convenience Modular Installation: Detachable buffer cushions and lightweight foamed concrete filling struts reduce the on-site assembly difficulty, and the construction period is shortened by 20%.

[0059] Intelligent Monitoring: The wireless communication module is linked with the cloud server to upload the pile foundation status data (such as inclination angle, damping force) in real time, supporting remote fault diagnosis and preventive maintenance.

[0060] 4. Enhanced Comprehensive Performance Lightweight Design: Titanium alloy honeycomb structure spherical hinge seats and carbon fiber materials reduce the overall weight by 25% while increasing the strength by 15%.

[0061] Anti-wear and Service Life: Titanium nitride coated anchoring teeth and nano-silica enhanced lubricant reduce component wear, and the maintenance period is extended to twice that of traditional pile foundations.

[0062] Comparison of Technical Effects with Existing Technologies

[0063] I. Analysis of Experimental Data 1. Finite Element Mechanical Analysis of the Hexagonal Structure Model Parameters: A three-dimensional finite element model is established, with the layer spacing of the hexagonal body set to 0.8 m, and the material is carbon fiber reinforced composite material (elastic modulus 150 GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.3), simulating bridge loads (vertical pressure 50 MPa, lateral force 10 MPa).

[0064] Result Display: Compared with traditional columnar pile foundations, the maximum stress of the hexagonal structure is reduced by 35% (from 320 MPa to 208 MPa), and the lateral deformation is reduced by 42% (from 12 mm to 7 mm).

[0065] 2. Pull-out Test of Anchoring Teeth Test Method: Pull-out tests are carried out in soft soil (cohesion 20 kPa) and hard rock (compressive strength 80 MPa) respectively, and the relationship between the embedding depth of the anchoring teeth and the pull-out resistance is recorded.

[0066] Data Comparison: In soft soil: The pull-out resistance of traditional anchoring teeth is 120 kN, and the pull-out resistance of the serrated anchoring teeth in this application is increased to 180 kN (+50%); In hard rock: The wear rate of the tips of traditional anchoring teeth is 30%, and the wear rate of the titanium nitride coated anchoring teeth in this application is reduced to 8%.

[0067] 3. Verification of the Accuracy of Machine Learning Algorithms Dataset: Collect the bearing force data of 100 groups of foundation piles under different geological conditions (soft soil, sandy soil, hard rock), and divide them into a training set (80 groups) and a test set (20 groups).

[0068] Performance indicators: The prediction error of the embedded depth ≤ 5%; The early warning accuracy rate of the rollover risk ≥ 92%.

[0069] II. Embodiments Embodiment of soft soil geology Scenario: A coastal bridge project with a foundation of saturated soft clay (water content 40%).

[0070] Implementation steps: Determine the thickness of the soft soil layer as 8m by ground penetrating radar scanning; Initialize the pressure parameter of the controller to 5MPa, and drive the lower jacking mechanism to embed the anchoring teeth into the soft soil layer; The distributed fiber optic sensor monitors the local settlement risk, and the lower jacking mechanism is linked to pressurize to 7MPa, and the damping coefficient of the elastic strut is adjusted to the high energy absorption mode.

[0071] Effect: The settlement of the foundation pile is reduced from 15mm in the traditional scheme to 5mm, and the roll angle is stabilized within 0.5°.

[0072] Embodiment in seismic zone Scenario: A high-intensity seismic area (seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees) with a foundation of gravel layer.

[0073] Implementation steps: The flow guide groove of the support rod optimizes the water flow impact to reduce the vortex-induced vibration effect caused by the earthquake; The magnetorheological fluid damper adjusts the damping force in real time according to the seismic wave frequency (1 - 10Hz), and the peak shock absorption efficiency reaches 60%; The cloud server generates a post-earthquake maintenance report, indicating that the wear rate of the anchoring teeth < 3% and no emergency repair is required.

[0074] Embodiment of hard rock geology Scenario: A mountain bridge with a foundation of granite (compressive strength of 100MPa).

[0075] Implementation steps: The controller automatically switches to the "low pressure - high frequency micro-vibration" mode according to the rock layer hardness to assist the embedding of the anchoring teeth; The temperature adaptive lubricant maintains stable viscosity under the rock friction temperature rise (70°C) to avoid the jamming of the elastic strut; The hexagonal edge fiber optic sensor monitors the microcracks in the rock mass and early warns of the risk of local instability.

[0076] Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope covered by the present invention. / Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily conceive of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the said claims.

Claims

1. A foundation pile for a highway bridge, comprising a bridge body and a controller, characterized in that: A support base is installed at the bottom of the bridge body, and the support base is connected to an upper plane support body. The upper plane support body adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure, and adjacent layers are connected by oblique spokes; The lower surface of the middle part of the upper plane support body is connected to the support rod through an upper ball joint seat, and the upper ball joint seat has a built-in angle sensor and a micro damper for real-time detection of the tilt angle of the support rod and feedback to the controller, while suppressing high-frequency vibration; The end of the support rod is connected to the lower plane support body through a lower ball joint seat. The lower plane support body adopts a three-layer concentric hexagonal structure, and the adjacent layers are connected by oblique radial plates. The bottom is provided with serrated anchor teeth, and the surface of the serrated anchor teeth is covered with a titanium nitride wear-resistant coating; At least three lower push mechanisms are evenly arranged axially on the upper plane support body, and the lower push mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, whose telescopic end is connected to the top plate, and the bottom of the top plate is abutted against an elastic support column; a pressure sensor is arranged between the bottom of the top plate and the elastic support column; The elastic support comprises a bottom column fixedly connected to the lower plane support body, a multi-stage spring damping structure is arranged in the bottom column, the multi-stage spring damping structure is connected to an upper column, and the upper column is sleeved with the bottom column; The pressure sensor of the lower push mechanism is communicatively connected with the controller, and the controller is integrated with a machine learning module. After being trained with historical geological data, it can predict changes in foundation bearing capacity and adjust the extension and contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder in advance.

2. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation angle ranges of the upper ball joint seat and the lower ball joint seat are both ±15°, and the hinge surfaces are coated with a graphene lubricating coating.

3. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth height of the serrated anchoring teeth is 20-50 cm, the tooth spacing is 10-30 cm, the tooth tip is made of tungsten steel, and a stress relief groove is provided at the tooth root, and the groove depth is 1 / 5-1 / 3 of the tooth height.

4. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage spring damping structure includes a main spring and an auxiliary spring connected in series, the stiffness coefficient of the main spring is 500-800N / mm, the stiffness coefficient of the auxiliary spring is 200-400N / mm, and a magnetorheological fluid damper is embedded in the auxiliary spring, and the damping force is dynamically adjusted by a controller.

5. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve gap between the upper column and the bottom column is filled with a temperature-adaptive lubricant, which is a silicon-based composite grease with a viscosity change rate of ≤5% in an environment of -30°C to 80°C and is doped with nano-silicon dioxide particles.

6. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is connected to the cloud server via a wireless communication module, uploads the force data, tilt angle and damping status of the foundation pile in real time, and receives remote control instructions.

7. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable buffer layer is arranged between the support base and the upper plane support body. The detachable buffer layer is made of polyurethane elastomer, has a thickness of 10-30 mm, and a Shore hardness of 70-90A.

8. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod is a hollow structure, the interior of which is filled with lightweight foamed concrete, and the outer wall is provided with a spiral guide groove with a groove depth of 2-5 mm.

9. The highway bridge foundation pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distributed optical fiber sensor is embedded in the hexagonal edge of the lower plane support body to monitor the strain distribution of the foundation soil in real time and feed the data back to the controller to optimize the embedding depth.

10. A method for installing a highway bridge foundation pile according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include, 1) Determine the soft and hard distribution of the foundation through geological radar scanning; 2) Adjust the initial pressure of the lower push mechanism so that the anchor teeth of the lower plane support body are in contact with the formation; 3) Start the machine learning module to dynamically optimize the hydraulic cylinder extension and damping parameters based on real-time data; 4) After installation, the cloud server continuously monitors the status of the piles and generates maintenance warning reports.

Images