Rapid marking and tracing method for surface quality problem of concrete member

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking and tracing method which is characterized by comprising a concrete member surface quality problem rapid marking method, a concrete member surface quality evaluation method and a concrete member surface quality problem tracing method. The method for tracing the surface quality problem of the concrete member comprises the steps of tracing the layered pouring process of the concrete member, tracing the production time of the concrete prefabricated member and tracing the proportion of concrete materials. The precast concrete component production time traceability is characterized in that links are divided according to precast concrete component production processes; the traceability of the concrete material ratio comprises the traceability of whether the water consumption, the sand amount, the gravel, the cement, the fly ash and the admixture reach the standard ratio or not; and the accuracy of the MAC concrete material ratio is evaluated by adopting modal confidence. Compared with the prior art, the method for building the concrete quality problem traceability link realizes construction data association presentation, and greatly improves the traceability efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated concrete components, and particularly to a method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components. Background Art

[0002] The automated production of beam and slab components is a brand-new production organization method. The production process of bridge beam and slab components mainly includes links such as the manufacture of steel bars, concrete pouring and vibration, and the maintenance and storage of precast components. Developing prefabricated structures to replace in-situ casting operations can significantly reduce construction mistakes and human errors, ensuring construction quality; the prefabricated construction method can effectively improve product accuracy, solve systematic quality common problems, reduce the maintenance cost in the later stage of the project, and extend the service life of the structure.

[0003] For concrete components, the quality inspection of components after concrete pouring and curing is a very important task. At present, the surface quality inspection of concrete components mainly uses manual visual inspection or simple measuring tools to carry out the inspection of apparent defects and diseases of concrete structures. This not only requires inspectors to have a high professional and technical level and proficient equipment operation ability, but also requires a large amount of human labor and working hours, with characteristics such as high cost, time-consuming and laborious; in addition, the inspection results are easily affected by subjective human judgment, with problems such as poor accuracy and low efficiency.

[0004] In order to speed up the inspection progress and ensure the quality of concrete construction, it is necessary to trace the construction process when concrete quality problems are detected. The factors determining the quality of concrete construction are not only related to the construction process, but also related to factors such as the mixing ratio of concrete materials, transportation process, pouring process, vibration process, and maintenance process. In this case, it is necessary to establish a method for tracing the quality of concrete construction based on the whole-process construction database. Therefore, in view of the current situation, there is a need for a method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components. By building a method for tracing the quality problems of concrete, the associated presentation of construction data is realized, and the tracing efficiency is greatly improved.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components, including: a method for quickly marking the surface quality problems of concrete components based on a laser scanner, a method for evaluating the surface quality of concrete components, and a method for tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components.

[0007] The rapid marking method for the surface quality problems of concrete components locates the apparent defects of concrete components through laser scanner grid, and uses a camera to take pictures and make marks for recording;

[0008] The evaluation method for the surface quality problems of concrete components is to evaluate according to the apparent defect characteristics of the pictures taken by the camera, which are divided into four grades: excellent, good, medium and poor;

[0009] The tracing method for the surface quality problems of concrete components is to trace the layered pouring process of concrete components, the production time of precast concrete components, and the proportion of concrete materials according to the marked positions of the apparent defects in the pictures taken by the camera;

[0010] The tracing of the layered pouring process of concrete components is mainly expressed by the relationship between the layered pouring volume V of concrete 总 and time t, as shown in the following formula:

[0011] V 总 =∫v(t)dt = a0 + a1t 1 + a2t 2 + a3t 3 +…+ a n t n ;

[0012] The tracing of the production time of precast concrete components is to divide the link according to the production process of precast concrete components: concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and spreading, vibration, steam curing, etc.;

[0013] The tracing of the proportion of concrete materials includes: tracing whether the water consumption, sand volume, crushed stone, cement, fly ash, admixtures and other ingredients reach the standard proportion, which is shown as:

[0014] V 水 = b0 + b1t 1 + b2t 2 + b3t 3 +…+ b n t n ;

[0015] V 砂 = c0 + c1t 1 + c2t 2 + c3t 3 +…+ c n t n ;

[0016] V 碎石 = d0 + d1t 1 + d2t 2 + d3t 3 +…+ d n t n ;

[0017] V 水泥 = e0 + e1t 1 + e2t 2 + e3t 3 +…+ e n t n ;

[0018] V 粉煤灰 = f0 + f1t 1 + f2t 2 + f3t 3 +…+ f n t n ;

[0019] V 外加剂 = g0 + g1t 1 + g2t 2 + g3t 3 +…+ g n t n ;

[0020] V 总 = V 水 + V 砂 + V 碎石 + V 水泥 + V 粉煤灰 + V 外加剂 + V 其他 ;

[0021] Let the standard concrete mix material parameter be P ij and the actual concrete mix material parameter be P ij ' respectively be:

[0022]

[0023] Adopt modal confidence assessment MAC to evaluate the accuracy of concrete mix proportions.

[0024] Furthermore, the apparent defect characteristics of the said picture: excellent represents smooth surface, good represents apparent cracks, medium represents pitted surface and honeycombing, and poor represents serious defects such as holes and exposed reinforcement.

[0025] Furthermore, the traceability of the layered pouring process of the concrete member is that the concrete placing boom vibrates and pours layer by layer from bottom to top during the pouring of concrete, and traces the pouring volume V 总 and time t through the position of surface quality defects.

[0026] Furthermore, when the pouring volume V 总 and time t are consistent with the set target, concrete mix proportion traceability is carried out; when the pouring volume V 总, The time t is inconsistent with the set target, and problems in the concrete mixing process, torpedo ladle transportation process, distributor pouring process, or vibration frequency, etc. need to be considered.

[0027] Furthermore, the laser scanner and the camera are installed on the side wall of the steam curing shed; the concrete member is placed on the mobile trolley.

[0028] Furthermore, the laser beam projected by the laser scanner onto the surface of the concrete member is in a grid shape, which is convenient for defect positioning and marking.

[0029] Furthermore, the MAC value ranges from (0, 1). When it is greater than 0.95, it is close to the standard ratio. The closer it is to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete ratio, and parameter correction is required:

[0030]

[0031] Furthermore, the traceability inspection of whether the concrete material ratio reaches the standard ratio is realized through the standard material ratio evaluation model, which is characterized by the MAC value; when the material ratio does not meet the predetermined requirements, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material ratio.

[0032] Furthermore, in the method for quickly marking the surface quality problems of the concrete member, laser grid alignment is used to extract depth features, specifically: extracting depth feature information related to the surface quality problems of the concrete member from the three-dimensional data obtained by laser scanning; then performing data preprocessing, determining the depth features to be extracted, selecting the feature extraction algorithm, and calculating and analyzing the features.

[0033] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the surface quality problems of the concrete member, a grade evaluation model is established for evaluation; the trained grade evaluation model is applied to the actual surface quality evaluation of the concrete member; for the newly taken surface pictures of the concrete member and the extracted depth feature data, they are input into the model for classification to obtain the surface quality grade of the member.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] To a certain extent, the present invention solves the problems of large manual input, long time consumption, high cost, and susceptibility to subjective judgment interference in the traditional detection methods for the apparent defects and diseases of concrete structures; by building a method for tracing the quality problems of concrete, the associated presentation of construction data is realized, and the tracing efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of the concrete member of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of laser scanning on the surface of the concrete member of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the quality assessment of different zones on the surface of the concrete member of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the tracing of the concrete layer-by-layer placing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Relationship diagram of the traced concrete pouring volume V(t) and time t of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the traced standard ratio and actual ratio of the poured concrete of the present invention;

[0042] Reference numerals: 1 - concrete member; 2 - mobile trolley; 3 - laser scanner; 4 - camera; 5 - steam curing shed; 6 - concrete placing machine. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the technical solution of the present invention, components such as component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, etc., which are not clearly described, are regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] The present invention provides a method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete members, including: a method for quickly marking the surface quality problems of concrete members based on a laser scanner, a method for assessing the surface quality of concrete members, and a method for tracing the surface quality problems of concrete members; as Figure 1 shown.

[0046] As Figure 2 shown, the method for quickly marking the surface quality problems of the concrete member is to locate the apparent defect positions of the concrete member 1 through the grid of the laser scanner 3, and use the camera 4 to take pictures and mark and record;

[0047] The method for assessing the surface quality problems of the concrete member is to divide the apparent defect characteristics of the pictures taken by the camera 4 into four grades of excellent, good, medium, and poor for assessment; as Figure 3 shown.

[0048] The method for tracing the surface quality problems of the concrete member is to trace the process of layer-by-layer pouring of the concrete member, the production time of the precast concrete member, and the concrete material ratio according to the marked positions of the apparent defects in the pictures taken by the camera 4; the tracing of the layer-by-layer pouring process of the concrete member is as Figure 4 shown.

[0049] The traceability of the process of layered pouring of concrete components mainly depends on the volume of concrete poured in layers, V 总 which is expressed by the relationship with time t, as shown in Figure 5 the following formula:

[0050] V 总 =∫v(t)dt = a0 + a1t 1 + a2t 2 + a3t 3 +…+ a n t n ;

[0051] The traceability of the production time of precast concrete components is based on the production process of precast concrete components, which is divided into links: concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and spreading, vibration, steam curing, etc.

[0052] The traceability of the concrete material ratio includes: whether the water consumption, sand quantity, crushed stone, cement, fly ash, admixtures and other ingredients reach the standard ratio. The ratio schematic diagram is shown in Figure 6 the following, which is expressed as:

[0053] V 水 = b0 + b1t 1 + b2t 2 + b3t 3 +…+ b n t n ;

[0054] V 砂 = c0 + c1t 1 + c2t 2 + c3t 3 +…+ c n t n ;

[0055] V 碎石 = d0 + d1t 1 + d2t 2 + d3t 3 +…+ d n t n ;

[0056] V 水泥 = e0 + e1t 1 + e2t 2 + e3t 3 +…+ e n t n ;

[0057] V 粉煤灰 = f0 + f1t 1 + f2t 2 + f3t 3 +…+ fn t n ;

[0058] V 外加剂 = g0 + g1t 1 + g2t 2 + g3t 3 +…+ g n t n ;

[0059] V 总 = V 水 + V 砂 + V 碎石 + V 水泥 + V 粉煤灰 + V 外加剂 + V 其他 ;

[0060] Let the standard concrete mix material parameter P ij and the actual concrete mix material parameter P ij ' be respectively:

[0061]

[0062] Adopt modal confidence assessment MAC to evaluate the accuracy of concrete mix proportion.

[0063] In the specific implementation manner, the apparent defect characteristics of the picture are as follows: excellent represents smooth surface, good represents apparent cracks, medium represents pitted surface and honeycombing, and poor represents serious defects such as holes and exposed reinforcement.

[0064] In the specific implementation manner, the traceability of the layered pouring process of the concrete member is that the concrete distributor 6 vibrates and pours layer by layer from bottom to top during the process of pouring concrete, and traces the pouring volume V 总 and the time t through the position of the surface quality defect.

[0065] In the specific implementation manner, when the pouring volume V 总 , the time t is consistent with the set target, then the concrete mix proportion traceability is carried out; when the pouring volume V 总 , the time t is inconsistent with the set target, problems in the concrete mixing process, torpedo tank transportation process, distributor pouring process or vibration frequency, etc. need to be considered.

[0066] In the specific implementation manner, the laser scanner 3 and the camera 4 are installed on the side wall of the steam curing shed 5; the concrete member 1 is placed on the mobile trolley 2.

[0067] In the specific implementation manner, the laser beam of the laser scanner 3 hitting the surface of the concrete member 1 is in a grid shape, which is convenient for defect positioning and marking.

[0068] In the specific implementation, the value range of MAC is (0, 1). When it is greater than 0.95, it is close to the standard ratio. The closer it is to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete ratio, and parameter correction is required:

[0069]

[0070] In the specific implementation, the traceability inspection of whether the concrete material ratio reaches the standard ratio is realized through the standard material ratio evaluation model, which is characterized by the MAC value; when the material ratio does not meet the predetermined requirements, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material ratio.

[0071] In the specific implementation, in the method for quickly marking the surface quality problems of concrete components, laser grid alignment is used to extract depth features, specifically: extracting depth feature information related to the surface quality problems of concrete components from the three-dimensional data obtained by laser scanning; then performing data preprocessing, determining the depth features to be extracted, selecting feature extraction algorithms, and calculating and analyzing features.

[0072] If it is necessary to detect and analyze the surface quality of a concrete pier. Through laser grid alignment, we can accurately locate the positions of apparent defects such as cracks and holes on the pier surface. Then, using depth feature extraction technology, we can extract features such as the depth, width, and length of cracks, and the diameter and depth of holes. Based on these feature information, we can more accurately evaluate the surface quality grade of the pier and determine whether it meets the design requirements. At the same time, by analyzing the relationship between these depth features and factors such as the concrete pouring process and material ratio, we can also trace the surface quality problems, find out the causes of the problems, and provide reference for subsequent repair and improvement.

[0073] In the specific implementation, in the method for evaluating the surface quality problems of concrete components, a grade evaluation model is established for evaluation; the trained grade evaluation model is applied to the actual evaluation of the surface quality of concrete components; for the newly taken surface pictures of concrete components and the extracted depth feature data, they are input into the model for classification to obtain the surface quality grade of the component.

[0074] Machine learning models such as support vector machine (SVM), decision tree, and random forest can be selected as the grade evaluation model. These models have strong classification ability and generalization performance, and can accurately classify the surface quality of concrete components according to the input feature vectors. For example, the support vector machine can separate samples of different grades by finding the optimal hyperplane.

[0075] For the case of rich image data, a convolutional neural network (CNN) can also be used for grade evaluation. CNN has powerful image feature extraction and classification capabilities and can automatically learn deep features in images. For example, classic CNN architectures such as ResNet and VGG can be used for the classification of the surface quality of concrete components.

[0076] The components not elaborated in detail in this embodiment are all existing components that can be purchased through public channels.

[0077] The above description of the embodiments is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those familiar with the technology in this field can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention according to the disclosure of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly marking and tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components, characterized in that: include: Rapid marking method for concrete component surface quality problems based on laser scanner, concrete component surface quality assessment method, and concrete component surface quality problem tracing method; The method for quickly marking surface quality problems of concrete components comprises using a laser scanner (3) to grid-locate the positions of apparent defects of the concrete components (1), and using a camera (4) to take pictures, mark and record; The concrete component surface quality problem assessment method is to classify the surface defect characteristics of the picture taken by the camera (4) into four grades: excellent, good, medium and poor; The method for tracing the surface quality problems of concrete components is to trace the layered pouring process of the concrete components, the production time of the precast concrete components, and the proportion of the concrete materials according to the apparent defect mark positions of the pictures taken by the camera (4); The process of layered pouring of concrete components is traceable through the volume of layered concrete pouring V 总 The relationship with time t is expressed as follows: V 总 =∫v(t)dt=a0+a1t 1 +a2t 2 +a3t 3 +…+a n t n ; The production time traceability of the precast concrete components is to divide the links according to the production process of the precast concrete components: concrete mixing, transportation, pouring and spreading, vibration, and steaming; The concrete material proportion traceability includes: whether the amount of water, sand, crushed stone, cement, fly ash and admixtures meet the standard proportion, which is manifested as: V 水 =b0+b1t 1 +b2t 2 +b3t 3 +…+b n t n ; V 砂 =c0+c1t 1 +c2t 2 +c3t 3 +…+c n t n ; V 碎石 =d0+d1t 1 +d2t 2 +d3t 3 +…+d n t n ; V 水泥 =e0+e1t 1 +e2t 2 +e3t 3 +…+e n t n ; V 粉煤灰 =f0+f1t 1 +f2t 2 +f3t 3 +…+f n t n ; V 外加剂 =g0+g1t 1 +g2t 2 +g3t 3 +…+g n t n ; V 总 =V 水 +V 砂 +V 碎石 +V 水泥 +V 粉煤灰 +V 外加剂 +V 其他 ; Let, standard concrete mix material parameter P ij , Actual concrete mix material parameters P ij 'Respectively: Modal confidence was used to evaluate the accuracy of MAC concrete material mix.

2. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apparent defect characteristics of the pictures are as follows: excellent represents smooth surface, good represents apparent cracks, medium represents pockmarks and honeycombs, and poor represents holes and exposed tendons.

3. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracing back of the concrete component layered pouring process is that the concrete placing machine (6) pours the concrete layered from bottom to top while vibrating and tamping, and the pouring volume V is traced back through the position of the surface quality defects. 总 With time t.

4. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the pouring volume V 总 , time t is consistent with the set target, then the concrete mix ratio is traced; when the pouring volume V 总 , time t is inconsistent with the set target. It is necessary to consider problems in the concrete mixing process, torpedo tank transportation process, concrete placing machine pouring process or vibration frequency.

5. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser scanner (3) and the camera (4) are installed on the side wall of the steaming shed (5); and the concrete component (1) is placed on a mobile trolley (2).

6. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser beam projected by the laser scanner (3) onto the surface of the concrete component (1) is in a grid shape, which facilitates defect location and marking.

7. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MAC value range is (0, 1). When it is greater than 0.95, it is close to the standard mix ratio. The closer it is to 0, the greater the deviation of the concrete mix ratio is, and the parameter correction is needed:

8. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traceability test of whether the concrete material ratio reaches the standard ratio is realized through the standard material ratio evaluation model, which is represented by the MAC value; when the material ratio does not meet the predetermined requirements, measures need to be taken to improve the accuracy of the concrete material ratio.

9. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the method for rapid marking of surface quality problems of concrete components, laser grid alignment is used to perform deep feature extraction, specifically: extracting deep feature information related to the surface quality problems of concrete components from the three-dimensional data obtained by laser scanning; then performing data preprocessing, determining the deep features to be extracted, selecting a feature extraction algorithm, and calculating and analyzing the features.

10. A method for rapid marking and tracing of surface quality problems of concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the concrete component surface quality problem assessment method, a grade assessment model is established for assessment; the trained grade assessment model is applied to the actual concrete component surface quality assessment; newly taken concrete component surface images and extracted depth feature data are input into the model for classification to obtain the surface quality grade of the component.

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