Constant-air-pressure air-tight seal electric spindle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool spindles, and particularly relates to a constant-air-pressure air-tight seal electric spindle which comprises a spindle body and a spindle core arranged in the spindle body and further comprises a driving unit arranged between the spindle body and the spindle core. The broach loosening unit is connected with the shaft core; the air sealing unit is arranged at the end part of the main shaft body and sleeves the outer side of the shaft core; the circulating cooling unit is arranged in the main shaft body and is communicated with the air sealing unit; the exhaust channel is formed in the main shaft body and communicates with the air sealing unit. The device can ensure that gas in the motorized spindle is exhausted in time, prevents the gas from flowing back into the motorized spindle, ensures the stability of air pressure in the motorized spindle, improves the working stability of the motorized spindle, and can remind personnel to clean impurities attached and accumulated at the gas outlet end of the motorized spindle in time; and personnel can be reminded to maintain the motorized spindle in time, and the service life of the motorized spindle can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool spindles, and particularly relates to a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle. Background Art

[0002] The electric spindle of a machine tool is one of the core components of the machine tool. It integrates the spindle motor and the spindle, eliminating traditional transmission devices such as belts and gears. It has a compact and stable structure. The electric spindle can achieve high-speed rotation, greatly improving the machining efficiency and machining accuracy of the machine tool.

[0003] Currently, the electric spindle of a machine tool generally includes a shaft body, a spindle motor, bearings, a locking nut, a pull stud structure, a lubrication structure, a cooling structure, etc. By integrating structures such as the spindle motor and the pull stud inside the shaft body, it has a small volume and high stability, such as an electric spindle of a numerical control machine tool disclosed in the patent publication number CN107900383B. To prevent water vapor from entering the spindle interior and affecting the normal use and lifespan of the spindle, the electric spindle needs to use an air-sealing structure to block external debris from entering the spindle. However, due to the complexity of the processing environment (such as waste chips generated during processing), impurities in the external environment may adhere to the air outlet of the electric spindle to form dirt. The dirt obstruction will affect the normal discharge of gas at the exhaust port, causing gas to flow back into the spindle interior. Since the reflux gas contains a certain amount of moisture, the moisture will dilute the grease inside the bearings, affecting the lubrication of the bearings. During the operation of the electric spindle, the bearing wear increases, which may cause the bearings to be damaged, resulting in the spindle being unable to work properly. Moreover, the reflux gas will cause the internal air pressure of the spindle to rise, affecting the normal operation of the spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems and provide a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle includes a spindle body and a shaft core disposed inside the spindle body, and further includes: A drive unit disposed between the spindle body and the shaft core; A pull stud unit connected to the shaft core; An air-sealing unit disposed at the end of the spindle body and sleeved outside the shaft core; A circulating cooling unit disposed inside the spindle body and communicating with the air-sealing unit; An exhaust passage opened inside the spindle body and communicating with the air-sealing unit. An exhaust plug is installed at the air outlet end of the exhaust passage, and a plurality of air holes are opened at the end of the exhaust plug; A prompt unit installed on the outer wall of the spindle body and corresponding to the position of the exhaust plug; A counting and prompting mechanism is installed inside the prompting unit and is electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit; A pneumatic valve is installed inside the exhaust passage.

[0006] Preferably, the airtight unit includes a front dust cover installed outside the shaft core. A front end cover is installed at the end of the main spindle body. An exhaust maze is formed between the front dust cover and the front end cover. An air seal ring is installed inside the main spindle body above the front end cover. The end face of the air seal ring is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicating with the exhaust maze, and the plurality of exhaust holes are evenly distributed annularly about the axis of the air seal ring. A sealing sleeve is installed at the end of the main spindle body and sleeved outside the air seal ring. An annular channel is provided on the side wall of the sealing sleeve. Each exhaust hole communicates with the annular channel. The air outlet end of the circulating cooling unit is connected to the annular channel of the sealing sleeve. The air inlet end of the exhaust passage is connected to the annular channel of the sealing sleeve. The shaft core is installed with a front balance nut and a front bearing inner ring locking nut, and there is a front step damping air gap between the front bearing inner ring locking nut and the air seal ring. A gas blocking maze is provided between the front balance nut and the front bearing inner ring locking nut. A front bearing outer ring locking nut is installed inside the main spindle body, and there is a rear step damping air gap between the front bearing outer ring locking nut and the front bearing inner ring locking nut.

[0007] Preferably, the prompting unit includes a round cover fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the main spindle body, and the exhaust plug is arranged inside the round cover. A fixing plate is fixedly installed inside the round cover. An annular upper groove is opened at one end of the fixing plate close to the exhaust plug, and an upper annular transparent plate is fixedly installed at the notch of the annular upper groove. An annular light strip is fixedly installed inside the annular upper groove. A plurality of elastic plastic strips are fixedly bonded to one end of the upper annular transparent plate close to the exhaust plug, and the plurality of elastic plastic strips are evenly distributed annularly about the axis of the round cover. A photosensitive resistance adjusting component is arranged at the end face of the exhaust plug below the elastic plastic strips. A plurality of tail holes are opened on the side wall of the round cover. An electromagnetic switch is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing plate. A buzzer is arranged outside the round cover, and the electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to the buzzer. The electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to the photosensitive resistance adjusting component. The electromagnetic switch, the photosensitive resistance adjusting component, the electromagnetic switch and the buzzer are all electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit.

[0008] Preferably, the counting and prompting mechanism includes a light-transmitting hole opened at the bottom of the annular upper groove. An optoelectronic switch is arranged above the light-transmitting hole. A support block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the round cover, and the optoelectronic switch is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support block. A pulse counter is fixedly installed on the end face of the support block. The pulse counter is electrically connected to the optoelectronic switch. A prompting lamp is arranged outside the round cover, and the pulse counter is electrically connected to the prompting lamp. A light-shielding component is installed inside the round cover, and the light-shielding component is electrically connected to the photosensitive resistance adjusting component.

[0009] Preferably, the photosensitive resistance adjusting component includes an annular lower groove formed at one end of the exhaust plug close to the fixing plate. A plurality of insulating pads are fixedly installed at the bottom of the annular lower groove, and an annular photosensitive resistor is fixedly installed by the plurality of insulating pads together. A lower annular transparent plate is fixedly installed at the notch of the annular lower groove. An insulating fixing block is fixedly installed at the inner top of the round cover, and a micro electromagnetic push rod and a resistance column are fixedly installed on the side wall of the insulating fixing block. The telescopic end of the micro electromagnetic push rod is fixedly installed with an insulating movable block, and a conductive slip ring is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the insulating movable block, and the resistance column is in sliding contact with the conductive slip ring. The annular photosensitive resistor is electrically connected to the micro electromagnetic push rod, and the conductive slip ring is electrically connected to the electromagnetic switch through the resistance column.

[0010] Preferably, the light shielding component includes a micro motor fixedly installed at the inner top of the round cover. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly installed with a rotating plate. A through hole is formed at the eccentric position of the rotating plate, and the light of the annular light bar is irradiated to the photosensitive end of the photoelectric switch through the light transmission hole and the through hole. The micro motor is electrically connected to the conductive slip ring and the resistance column.

[0011] Preferably, a delay power-on relay is fixedly installed inside the round cover, and the electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit through the delay power-on relay.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of the tail holes are evenly distributed in a ring shape with respect to the axis of the round cover, and the height of each tail hole is higher than the bottom of the elastic plastic strip.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle are as follows: 1. Through the mutual cooperation of the spindle body, the shaft core, the driving unit, the pull-in and pull-out tool unit, and the circulating cooling unit, the electric spindle can be cooled when the machine tool electric spindle is working, and with the air-sealing unit arranged, it is beneficial for the electric spindle to exhaust. And through the mutual cooperation of the exhaust passage, the exhaust plug and the air outlet hole, when the air outlet end of the air-sealing unit is blocked by impurities, the gas can be discharged through the exhaust passage, avoiding the gas from flowing back into the spindle interior and diluting the lubricating oil of the spindle bearing, and keeping the air pressure inside the spindle stable, avoiding the increase of the air pressure inside the spindle and affecting the normal operation.

[0014] 2. Through the arranged prompting unit, when the gas is discharged through the exhaust passage, an alarm prompt can be automatically sent to the staff, so as to remind the staff to clean the impurities accumulated on the surface of the air outlet end of the air-sealing unit in time.

[0015] 3. Through the arranged counting and prompting mechanism, based on the working time of the spindle and the blocked time of the air outlet end of the air-sealing unit, the staff can be automatically reminded to maintain and repair the electric spindle, which is beneficial to maintaining the service life of the electric spindle. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an air-sealing unit of a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention; Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic internal structural diagram of a round cover of a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention; Figure 4 FIG. is a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram of part A in; Figure 5 FIG. is a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram of part B in; Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic bottom view structural diagram of a fixing plate of a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle provided by the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1 spindle body, 2 shaft core, 3 drive unit, 4 pull and release tool unit, 5 air-sealing unit, 51 front dust cover, 52 front end cover, 53 exhaust maze, 54 air seal ring, 55 exhaust hole, 56 annular channel, 57 front balance nut, 58 front bearing inner ring locking nut, 59 front step damping air gap, 510 air-blocking maze, 511 front bearing outer ring locking nut, 512 rear step damping air gap, 513 sealing sleeve, 6 circulating cooling unit, 7 exhaust channel, 8 exhaust plug, 9 air outlet hole, 10 prompting unit, 101 round cover, 102 fixing plate, 103 annular upper groove, 104 upper annular transparent plate, 105 annular light strip, 106 elastic plastic strip, 107 electromagnetic switch, 108 tail hole, 109 buzzer, 11 counting and prompting mechanism, 111 light-transmitting hole, 112 photoelectric switch, 113 support block, 114 pulse counter, 115 prompting lamp, 12 photosensitive resistance adjusting component, 121 annular lower groove, 122 insulating cushion block, 123 annular photosensitive resistor, 124 lower annular transparent plate, 125 insulating fixing block, 126 micro electromagnetic push rod, 127 resistance column, 128 insulating movable block, 129 conductive slip ring, 13 light-shielding component, 131 micro motor, 132 rotating plate, 133 through hole, 14 delay power-on relay, 15 pneumatic valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] As Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, a constant-pressure air-sealed electric spindle includes a spindle body 1 and a shaft core 2 disposed inside the spindle body 1, and further includes: a drive unit 3, which is arranged between the spindle body 1 and the shaft core 2. The drive unit 3 includes structures such as a stator, a rotor, and bearings; a tool clamping and releasing unit 4 is connected to the shaft core 2. The tool clamping and releasing unit 4 includes a power structure (such as a hydraulic cylinder), a pulling rod, a fixing component, etc. The fixing component is used to connect with the tool, and the power structure drives the pulling rod to fix the tool by the fixing component.

[0020] An air-sealing unit 5 is arranged at the end of the spindle body 1 and sleeved outside the shaft core 2. The air-sealing unit 5 includes a front dust cover 51 installed outside the shaft core 2. A front end cover 52 is installed at the end of the spindle body 1, and an exhaust maze 53 is formed between the front dust cover 51 and the front end cover 52. An air seal ring 54 is installed inside the spindle body 1 above the front end cover 52. Exhaust holes 55 communicating with the exhaust maze 53 are formed on the end face of the air seal ring 54, and the plurality of exhaust holes 55 are evenly distributed annularly about the axis of the air seal ring 54. A seal sleeve 513 is installed at the end of the spindle body 1, and the seal sleeve 513 is sleeved outside the air seal ring 54. An annular channel 56 is formed on the side wall of the seal sleeve 513, and each exhaust hole 55 communicates with the annular channel 56. The air outlet end of a circulating cooling unit 6 is connected to the annular channel 56 of the seal sleeve 513, and the air inlet end of an exhaust channel 7 is connected to the annular channel 56 of the seal sleeve 513. A front balance nut 57 and a front bearing inner ring locking nut 58 are installed on the shaft core 2, and a front step damping air gap 59 is provided between the front bearing inner ring locking nut 58 and the air seal ring 54. A gas-blocking maze 510 is provided between the front balance nut 57 and the front bearing inner ring locking nut 58. A front bearing outer ring locking nut 511 is installed inside the spindle body 1, and a rear step damping air gap 512 is provided between the front bearing outer ring locking nut 511 and the front bearing inner ring locking nut 58. Normal air flow will be discharged through the exhaust holes 55 of the air seal ring 54.

[0021] The circulating cooling unit 6 is arranged inside the main spindle body 1 and is communicated with the airtight sealing unit 5; the circulating cooling unit 6 is provided with a cooling channel. After the cooling gas is supplied by an external cooling source and passes through the cooling channel, it can exchange heat with the main spindle body 1, so as to realize the cooling of the main spindle body 1. The exhaust channel 7 is arranged inside the main spindle body 1 and is communicated with the airtight sealing unit 5. An exhaust plug 8 is installed at the air outlet end of the exhaust channel 7, and a plurality of air outlet holes 9 are opened at the end of the exhaust plug 8. The air pressure valve 15 is installed inside the exhaust channel 7. The prompting unit 10 is installed on the outer side wall of the main spindle body 1 and corresponds to the position of the exhaust plug 8. The prompting unit 10 includes a round cover 101 fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the main spindle body 1, and the exhaust plug 8 is arranged inside the round cover 101. A fixed plate 102 is fixedly installed inside the round cover 101. An annular upper groove 103 is opened at one end of the fixed plate 102 close to the exhaust plug 8, and an upper annular transparent plate 104 is fixedly installed at the notch of the annular upper groove 103. An annular light strip 105 is fixedly installed inside the annular upper groove 103. A plurality of elastic plastic strips 106 are fixedly adhered to one end of the upper annular transparent plate 104 close to the exhaust plug 8, and the plurality of elastic plastic strips 106 are annularly and evenly distributed about the axis of the round cover 101. A photosensitive resistance adjusting component 12 is arranged at the position of the end face of the exhaust plug 8 below the elastic plastic strips 106. A plurality of tail holes 108 are opened on the side wall of the round cover 101. An electromagnetic switch 107 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate 102. A buzzer 109 is arranged outside the round cover 101, and the electromagnetic switch 107 is electrically connected to the buzzer 109. The electromagnetic switch 107 is electrically connected to the photosensitive resistance adjusting component 12. The electromagnetic switch 107, the photosensitive resistance adjusting component 12, the electromagnetic switch 107 and the buzzer 109 are all electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit 3. When the elastic plastic strips 106 are affected by the air flow, they will bend to one side along with the air flow and rebound and recover after the air flow disappears.

[0022] A delay power-on relay 14 is fixedly installed inside the round cover 101. The electromagnetic switch 107 is electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit 3 through the delay power-on relay 14. After receiving the starting signal, the delay power-on relay 14 can make the electromagnetic switch 107 be powered on after a certain delay.

[0023] The plurality of tail holes 108 are annularly and evenly distributed about the axis of the round cover 101, and the height of each tail hole 108 is higher than the bottom of the elastic plastic strips 106. Through the height design of the tail holes 108, it is beneficial for the elastic plastic strips 106 to bend more when affected by the air flow, and improve the comprehensiveness of light shielding.

[0024] The photosensitive resistance adjusting component 12 includes an annular lower groove 121 formed at one end of the exhaust plug 8 close to the fixed plate 102. A plurality of insulating pads 122 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the annular lower groove 121, and an annular photosensitive resistor 123 is fixedly installed by the plurality of insulating pads 122 together. A lower annular transparent plate 124 is fixedly installed at the notch of the annular lower groove 121. An insulating fixing block 125 is fixedly installed at the inner top of the round cover 101, and a micro electromagnetic push rod 126 and a resistance column 127 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the insulating fixing block 125. An insulating movable block 128 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the micro electromagnetic push rod 126, and a conductive slip ring 129 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the insulating movable block 128. The resistance column 127 is in sliding contact with the conductive slip ring 129. The annular photosensitive resistor 123 is electrically connected to the micro electromagnetic push rod 126. The conductive slip ring 129 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic switch 107 through the resistance column 127. After the light intensity received by the annular photosensitive resistor 123 increases, its own resistance decreases synchronously. The micro electromagnetic push rod 126 includes components such as a magnetic isolation cylinder, a telescopic rod, a permanent magnet, an electromagnetic component, and an elastic component. After the electromagnetic component is energized, under the action of like-sex repulsion, it will repel the permanent magnet to drive the telescopic rod to extend, and the greater the current passed in, the greater the extending distance. After power-off, under the action of the elastic component, the telescopic rod moves back to its original position. This is a mature existing technology, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0025] The counting and prompting mechanism 11 is installed inside the prompting unit 10 and is electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit 3. The counting and prompting mechanism 11 includes a light-transmitting hole 111 formed at the bottom of the annular upper groove 103. An optoelectronic switch 112 is provided above the light-transmitting hole 111. A support block 113 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the round cover 101, and the optoelectronic switch 112 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support block 113. A pulse counter 114 is fixedly installed on the end face of the support block 113. The pulse counter 114 is electrically connected to the optoelectronic switch 112. A prompting lamp 115 is provided outside the round cover 101, and the pulse counter 114 is electrically connected to the prompting lamp 115. A light-shielding component 13 is installed inside the round cover 101, and the light-shielding component 13 is electrically connected to the photosensitive resistance adjusting component 12. After the pulse counter 114 reaches the set value in counting, it will continuously output an electrical signal to the driving circuit of the prompting lamp 115, so that the prompting lamp 115 is immediately powered on to work.

[0026] The light-shielding component 13 includes a micro motor 131 fixedly installed at the inner top of the round cover 101. The output end of the micro motor 131 is fixedly installed with a rotating plate 132. A through hole 133 is formed at the eccentric position of the rotating plate 132, and the light of the annular light bar 105 is irradiated to the photosensitive end of the optoelectronic switch 112 through the light-transmitting hole 111 and the through hole 133. The micro motor 131 is electrically connected to the conductive slip ring 129 and the resistance column 127. After the current passed into the micro motor 131 increases, the output power of the micro motor 131 will increase synchronously, that is, the rotating speed of the rotating plate 132 increases.

[0027] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: Before the electric spindle works, the tool is installed through the pull - type tool - loosening and tightening unit 4 (the power structure of the pull - type tool - loosening and tightening drives the tool shank to fix the tool), and then the drive unit 3 is started through the starting end of the drive unit 3. The drive unit 3 drives the shaft core 2 to rotate (the stator of the drive unit 3 drives the rotor to drive the shaft core 2 to rotate). An external cooling source introduces cooling gas into the inlet end of the circulating cooling unit 6 (the circulating cooling unit 6 is provided with a cooling channel, and when the cooling gas passes through the cooling channel, it can exchange heat with the spindle body 1, thereby realizing the cooling and temperature reduction of the spindle body 1). The cooling gas enters the plurality of exhaust holes 55 on the gas seal ring 54 through the annular channel 56 of the seal sleeve 513, and is discharged from the exhaust maze 53 through the exhaust holes 55. Since a pneumatic valve 15 is provided in the exhaust channel 7, under the condition that the exhaust of the exhaust maze 53 is normal, the air flow will not be discharged through the exhaust channel 7; When the air outlet end of the exhaust maze 53 is blocked due to impurity adhesion and scaling, since the gas cannot pass through the exhaust maze 53, the gas will enter the exhaust passage 7 through the annular passage 56 of the sealing sleeve 513, and push open the valve plate of the air pressure valve 15. Then the gas will enter the inside of the dome 101 through the air outlet hole 9 of the exhaust plug 8, and finally be discharged through the plurality of tail holes 108 on the side wall of the dome 101, thus avoiding the gas refluxing into the inside of the main shaft body 1 due to the inability to discharge the gas, affecting the normal operation of the main shaft body 1, and maintaining the air pressure stability inside the main shaft body 1. When starting the starting end of the driving unit 3, the annular light bar 105 inside the dome 101 is synchronously started, and the delay energization relay 14 makes the connection circuit between the electromagnetic switch 107, the conductive slip ring 129, and the resistance column 127 energize with a delay of 5 seconds. When the annular light bar 105 is working, the light emitted by the annular light bar 105 will sequentially pass through the gaps between the upper annular transparent plate 104 and the elastic plastic strips 106 and the lower annular transparent plate 124 and then irradiate to the annular photoresistor 123 (the light intensity detection range of the annular photoresistor 123 is within the range of 20 Lux to 200 Lux. Within this range, as the light intensity increases, the resistance of the annular photoresistor 123 decreases). Since the elastic plastic strips 106 are vertical, the light blocking of each elastic plastic strip 106 is in a dot shape. Therefore, the light intensity projected onto the annular photoresistor 123 is relatively high. At this time, the annular photoresistor 123 will maintain a low resistance due to the high light intensity. Therefore, the current flowing through the micro electromagnetic push rod 126 is large, so the magnetic thrust generated by the micro electromagnetic push rod 126 is relatively large, causing the insulating movable block 128 to drive the conductive slip ring 129 to move a large distance. At this time, the length of the resistance column 127 connected to the connection circuit between the conductive slip ring 129 and the electromagnetic switch 107 is long, so the resistance of the connection circuit between the electromagnetic switch 107, the resistance column 127, and the conductive slip ring 129 is large. Therefore, the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 107 will not be attracted, and the buzzer 109 will not work (since at the initial time when the driving unit 3 is started, the annular light bar 105 and the annular photoresistor 123 have just started working, and the annular photoresistor 123 is in a high resistance state, the current flowing through the micro electromagnetic push rod 126 is small, so the resistance of the connection circuit between the conductive slip ring 129, the resistance column 127, and the electromagnetic switch 107 is small, and the current flowing through the electromagnetic switch 107 is large, causing the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 107 to be in an attracted state, thus causing the buzzer 109 to malfunction. Therefore, by making the electromagnetic switch 107 energize with a delay through the delay energization relay 14, the buzzer 109 can be prevented from malfunctioning at the initial stage when the driving unit 3 is started). When the air outlet end of the exhaust maze 53 is blocked, the gas will be discharged through the exhaust passage 7. At this time, when each air flow passes through each elastic plastic strip 106 and is discharged from the tail hole 108, each elastic plastic strip 106 will bend outward under the action of the air flow. Therefore, each elastic plastic strip 106 will change the light blocking from a dot shape to a linear shape due to the bending,As a result, the elastic plastic strip 106 blocks more light, and the light intensity projected to the annular photoresistor 123 becomes lower. Therefore, when the outlet end of the exhaust maze 53 is blocked, the resistance of the annular photoresistor 123 is relatively high. At this time, the current passing through the micro electromagnetic push rod 126 is small, and the moving distance of the conductive slip ring 129 is small, so that the current passing through the electromagnetic switch 107 is large, and the electromagnetic switch 107 attracts its own moving contact. At this time, the connection circuit between the buzzer 109 and the starting end of the drive unit 3 is connected, and the buzzer 109 starts to sound an alarm. After hearing the buzzer 109 sounding an alarm, the personnel should clean up the impurities attached to the outlet end of the exhaust maze 53 in time; At the same time, after the starting end of the driving unit 3 is started, the micro motor 131 will be energized at the same time. At this time, the micro motor 131 will drive the rotating plate 132 to rotate at a constant speed. When the through hole 133 is aligned with the light-transmitting hole 111, the light emitted by the annular light bar 105 will pass through the light-transmitting hole 111 and the through hole 133 to irradiate the photoelectric switch 112, and the photoelectric switch 112 will convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and output it to the pulse counter 114. After the through hole 133 is staggered with the light-transmitting hole 111, the rotating plate 132 will block the light emitted by the annular light bar 105. Therefore, through the continuous rotation of the rotating plate 132, the photoelectric switch 112 can send a pulse electrical signal to the pulse counter 114, and each time the pulse counter 114 receives a pulse electrical signal, it will increase a count. After the count value of the pulse counter 114 reaches a set value (the set value can be set according to the number of rotations that the electric spindle needs to maintain), the pulse counter 114 will output an electrical signal to the drive circuit of the prompt light 115, and then the prompt light 115 will work. When the staff sees that the prompt light 115 is on, it means that the electric spindle needs to be maintained. During the operation of the electric spindle, once the outlet of the exhaust labyrinth 53 is blocked, it means that the working environment of the electric spindle is relatively complex (for example, more waste chips are generated) during this period of working time, so it is necessary to appropriately shorten the maintenance interval of the electric spindle. Therefore, when the outlet of the exhaust labyrinth 53 is blocked, the resistance of the annular photoresistor 123 is large, the current passing into the micro electromagnetic push rod 126 is small, and the moving distance of the conductive slip ring 129 is small, so that the micro motor 131, the conductive slip ring 129 and the resistor column 1 The resistance of the connection circuit 27 is small, so the current passing into the micro motor 131 can be large. At this time, the output end of the micro motor 131 drives the rotating plate 132 to rotate faster, so that in the same time, the number of times the through hole 133 on the rotating plate 132 passes through the light-transmitting hole 111 increases, so the number of electrical signals generated by the photoelectric switch 112 increases, so that the number of counts of the pulse counter 114 increases, and then the prompt light 115 can remind personnel to maintain the electric spindle in advance, ensuring the timeliness of the maintenance of the electric spindle; Among them, in order to conveniently know the alarm prompt information of the buzzer 109 and the warning light 115, the buzzer 109 and the warning light 115 are installed at a suitable position on the machine tool, such as at the control display on the machine tool.

[0028] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle, comprising a spindle body (1) and a shaft core (2) arranged inside the spindle body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A driving unit (3) is arranged between the main shaft body (1) and the shaft core (2); A loosening and broaching unit (4) connected to the shaft core (2); An air sealing unit (5) is arranged at the end of the main shaft body (1) and sleeved on the outside of the shaft core (2); A circulating cooling unit (6) is arranged inside the main shaft body (1) and is connected to the air sealing unit (5); An exhaust channel (7) is provided inside the main shaft body (1) and is connected to the air sealing unit (5); an exhaust plug (8) is installed at the exhaust end of the exhaust channel (7); and a plurality of exhaust holes (9) are provided at the end of the exhaust plug (8); A prompt unit (10) is mounted on the outer wall of the main shaft body (1) and corresponds to the position of the exhaust plug (8); A counting prompting mechanism (11) is installed inside the prompting unit (10) and is electrically connected to the starting end of the driving unit (3); An air pressure valve (15) is installed inside the exhaust passage (7).

2. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air sealing unit (5) comprises a front dust cover (51) installed on the outside of the shaft core (2); a front end cover (52) is installed at the end of the main shaft body (1), and an exhaust labyrinth (53) is formed between the front dust cover (51) and the front end cover (52); an air sealing ring (54) is installed at a position above the front end cover (52) inside the main shaft body (1); a plurality of exhaust holes (55) connected to the exhaust labyrinth (53) are formed on the end surface of the air sealing ring (54), and the plurality of exhaust holes (55) are evenly distributed in an annular shape about the axis of the air sealing ring (54); a sealing sleeve (513) is installed at the end of the main shaft body (1), and the sealing sleeve (513) is sleeved on the outside of the air sealing ring (54); a side wall of the sealing sleeve (513) is provided with an annular channel (56), and each of the exhaust holes (55) is connected to the exhaust labyrinth (53). The annular channel (56) is connected, the air outlet end of the circulating cooling unit (6) is connected to the annular channel (56) of the sealing sleeve (513), the air inlet end of the exhaust channel (7) is connected to the annular channel (56) of the sealing sleeve (513), the shaft core (2) is installed with a front balancing nut (57) and a front bearing inner ring locking nut (58), and a front step damping air gap (59) is provided between the front bearing inner ring locking nut (58) and the air seal ring (54), an air blocking labyrinth (510) is provided between the front balancing nut (57) and the front bearing inner ring locking nut (58), and a front bearing outer ring locking nut (511) is installed inside the main shaft body (1), and a rear step damping air gap (512) is provided between the front bearing outer ring locking nut (511) and the front bearing inner ring locking nut (58).

3. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prompt unit (10) comprises a circular cover (101) fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the main shaft body (1), and an exhaust plug (8) is arranged inside the circular cover (101), a fixing plate (102) is fixedly mounted inside the circular cover (101), an annular upper groove (103) is formed at one end of the fixing plate (102) close to the exhaust plug (8), and an upper annular transparent plate (104) is fixedly mounted at the notch of the annular upper groove (103), an annular light bar (105) is fixedly mounted inside the annular upper groove (103), and a plurality of elastic plastic strips (106) are fixedly bonded to one end of the upper annular transparent plate (104) close to the exhaust plug (8), and the plurality of elastic plastic strips (106) are arranged about the circular cover (101). The axis of the exhaust plug (8) is evenly distributed in a ring shape, a photosensitive resistor component (12) is arranged at a position below the elastic plastic strip (106) on the end surface of the exhaust plug (8), a plurality of tail holes (108) are opened on the side wall of the circular cover (101), an electromagnetic switch (107) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing plate (102), a buzzer (109) is arranged on the outer side of the circular cover (101), and the electromagnetic switch (107) is electrically connected to the buzzer (109), the electromagnetic switch (107) is electrically connected to the photosensitive resistor component (12), and the electromagnetic switch (107), the photosensitive resistor component (12), the electromagnetic switch (107) and the buzzer (109) are all electrically connected to the start end of the drive unit (3).

4. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The counting prompting mechanism (11) comprises a light-transmitting hole (111) formed at the bottom of the annular upper groove (103); a photoelectric switch (112) is arranged above the light-transmitting hole (111); a support block (113) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the circular cover (101); the photoelectric switch (112) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support block (113); a pulse counter (114) is fixedly mounted on the end surface of the support block (113); the pulse counter (114) is electrically connected to the photoelectric switch (112); a prompting light (115) is arranged on the outer side of the circular cover (101); the pulse counter (114) is electrically connected to the prompting light (115); a light-shielding component (13) is installed inside the circular cover (101); the light-shielding component (13) is electrically connected to the photosensitivity adjustment resistor component (12).

5. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photosensitive resistor trimming assembly (12) comprises an annular lower groove (121) formed at one end of the exhaust plug (8) close to the fixed plate (102); a plurality of insulating pads (122) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the annular lower groove (121); an annular photoresistor (123) is fixedly mounted on the plurality of insulating pads (122); a lower annular transparent plate (124) is fixedly mounted on the notch of the annular lower groove (121); an insulating fixed block (125) is fixedly mounted on the inner top of the circular cover (101); and the insulating fixed block (125) is fixedly mounted on the inner top of the circular cover (101). A micro electromagnetic push rod (126) and a resistor column (127) are fixedly mounted on the side wall; an insulating movable block (128) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the micro electromagnetic push rod (126); a conductive slip ring (129) is fixedly plugged into the side wall of the insulating movable block (128); the resistor column (127) and the conductive slip ring (129) are in sliding contact; the annular photoresistor (123) is electrically connected to the micro electromagnetic push rod (126); and the conductive slip ring (129) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic switch (107) via the resistor column (127).

6. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shading component (13) comprises a micro motor (131) fixedly mounted on the inner top of the circular cover (101); a rotating plate (132) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the micro motor (131); a through hole (133) is provided at an eccentric position of the rotating plate (132); and light from the annular light bar (105) is irradiated to a photosensitive end of the photoelectric switch (112) through the light-transmitting hole (111) and the through hole (133); the micro motor (131) is electrically connected to a conductive slip ring (129) and a resistor column (127).

7. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A time-delay power-on relay (14) is fixedly installed inside the circular cover (101), and the electromagnetic switch (107) is electrically connected to the start end of the drive unit (3) via the time-delay power-on relay (14).

8. The constant pressure air-sealed electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of tail holes (108) are evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the circular cover (101), and the height of each tail hole (108) is higher than the bottom of the elastic plastic strip (106).

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