Detection method of laser backing plate and related device

Abstract

The invention provides a detection method of a laser base plate and a related device, the laser base plate is used for being placed on a printing platform of processing equipment, and the processing equipment comprises a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head and a camera; wherein the 3D printing head is used for extruding printing supplies on the printing platform; the laser base plate is used for bearing an object to be subjected to laser processing, and a first mark is arranged on the surface, facing the camera, of the laser base plate; the detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring an image of the processing equipment in the direction of the printing platform through the camera; and whether the first identifier exists in the image or not is detected, and if the first identifier exists in the image, it is determined that the laser base plate is placed on the printing platform. Whether the laser base plate is placed or not can be determined by automatically detecting the image of the printing platform, and the laser machining precision is greatly improved.

Description

[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with the application number 202510343610X and the application title "Detection Method and Related Device for Laser Base Plate", which was filed with the Chinese Patent Office on March 21, 2025. The entire content thereof is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of laser processing technology, and particularly to a detection method and related device for a laser base plate. Background Art

[0003] A laser base plate is a protective base for placing materials to be processed during a laser processing task. There are many types of laser base plates, such as honeycomb plates, knife strip type, ceramic coated plates, aluminum mesh plates, etc. The functions of these laser base plates are to protect the workbench surface from being damaged by the laser, provide good ventilation, and reduce charring or discoloration, etc. That is, the laser base plate can optimize the processing effects such as laser engraving and laser cutting in the field of laser processing. Currently, the placement of the laser base plate mainly depends on the operator's awareness. The operator manually places the laser base plate into the processing equipment and then remembers that the laser base plate has been placed in position. This processing method is not intelligent enough, and the operator may forget, resulting in low reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a detection method and related device for a laser base plate, which can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the laser base plate is placed, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a detection method for a laser base plate. The laser base plate is used to be placed on a printing platform of a processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform. The laser base plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and a first identifier is provided on the surface of the laser base plate facing the camera.

[0006] The detection method includes:

[0007] Obtain an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera;

[0008] Detect whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, determine that the laser base plate is placed on the printing platform.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, the printing platform is provided with a guiding and limiting portion, and the laser base plate is provided with a structure adapted to the guiding and limiting portion to limit the movement of the laser base plate in the horizontal direction.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0011] Detect whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image does not include the guiding and limiting portion, determine that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0013] Detect whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image includes the guiding and limiting portion, obtain the placement state of the laser backing plate relative to the printing platform based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier is provided on a structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion;

[0015] The method further includes:

[0016] If the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion is greater than a preset threshold, obtain that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting portion and the laser backing plate are provided with structures adapted to the guiding and limiting portion in a non-processing area.

[0018] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier is located in the edge area of the laser backing plate; or, the first identifier is provided on a structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting portion includes a guiding and limiting block, and the laser backing plate includes an end face adapted to the guiding and limiting block, and the end face abuts against the surface of the guiding and limiting block.

[0020] In a possible embodiment, the laser backing plate is provided with consumables that can be restored after laser burning, for calibrating the position of the laser head.

[0021] In a possible embodiment, at least two first identifiers are provided at the edge of the laser backing plate, and at least two guiding and limiting modules are provided at the edge of the printing platform.

[0022] In a possible embodiment, a support member is provided on the laser backing plate, and the support member is used to prevent the object to be laser processed from being displaced during the processing. The method further includes:

[0023] Detect the image to determine the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member;

[0024] If the contact area data is less than the preset contact area threshold corresponding to the object to be laser processed, a prompt is given to replace the laser backing plate or the support member.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing device, including a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, a printing platform, a camera, and a processor; wherein, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform; a laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform, the laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera; the processor is used to execute instructions for steps in the method according to any one of the first aspects of the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, and the computer program enables a computer to execute some or all of the steps described in any one of the methods in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to enable a computer to execute some or all of the steps described in any one of the methods in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application. The computer program product can be a software installation package.

[0028] It can be seen that through the above detection method of the laser backing plate and related devices, the laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing device, and the processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera; wherein, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform; the laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera; the detection method includes: obtaining an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera; detecting whether the first identifier exists in the image, and if the first identifier exists in the image, determining that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform. It can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing. Description of the Drawings

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2A It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser backing plate and a printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2B It is a partial schematic diagram of a laser backing plate and a printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a flow schematic diagram of a detection method for a laser backing plate provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a flow schematic diagram of another detection method for a laser backing plate provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an effect schematic diagram of a laser backing plate correctly placed on a printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of the functional units of a detection device for a laser backing plate provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present application. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0038] The “at least one (piece)” or its similar expression in the embodiments of the present application refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (piece) or plural items (pieces), meaning one or more, and multiple means two or more. For example, at least one (piece) of a, b, or c can represent the following seven cases: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a, b, and c. Each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0039] The “connection” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to various connection methods such as direct connection or indirect connection to achieve communication between devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations on this. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. In one example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components.

[0040] Referring to “embodiments” herein means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The occurrence of this phrase at various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] Currently, whether the laser backing plate is placed and whether it is placed correctly is generally identified manually, with a relatively high cost.

[0042] To solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a detection method and related device for a laser backing plate, which can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a partial structural schematic diagram of a processing device provided by the embodiments of the present application, including a processor (not shown in the figure), a processing platform 110, a camera 120, and a tool head 130. Among them, the processor is electrically connected to the camera 120 and the tool head 130 respectively.

[0044] Among them, the processing platform 110 refers to a general workbench that can be used for a variety of processing methods. Exemplarily, the processing platform 110 can be used for a variety of processing methods such as 3D printing and laser processing. Among them, 3D printing needs to include a printing platform, that is, it can include a hot bed, and can further include at least one of a printing panel located on the hot bed and a hot bed bracket for supporting the hot bed, wherein the hot bed bracket can elastically support the hot bed, or can fixedly support the hot bed and the printing panel. In the processing equipment provided in this application, it can be used for both 3D printers and laser engraving, laser cutting, etc. Among them, for laser processing, the processing platform 110 can include a laser pad, and the object to be laser processed is placed on the laser pad. Optionally, if the processing equipment can perform both 3D printing and laser processing, the processing platform 110 can include both a laser pad and the above-mentioned printing platform. When laser processing is required, the laser pad can be placed on the printing platform; when 3D printing is required, the laser pad can be removed. Alternatively, the processing platform 110 is also a printing platform, and the processing equipment can engrave / cut the printed part while printing, or engrave / cut the printed part on the printing platform after printing.

[0045] The camera 120 may be a chassis camera of the processing equipment, and the camera 120 may be set to a position where the entire processing platform 110 can be photographed, such as above the front door shell, top shell or side frame of the processing equipment. In a possible embodiment, the camera 120 may also be set on a motion component, such as a camera that can be mounted on a tool head; the motion of the motion component drives the camera 120 to move for photographing, and the camera 120 may be used to photograph the image of the processing platform and transmit the image to the processor.

[0046] The tool head 130 and the processing platform 110 can move relative to each other. The tool head 130 may include a 3D printing head and a detachably connected laser head, etc. The 3D printing head includes a hot end for heating the printing material, and the laser head can be detachably connected to the 3D printing head through a mounting part. The 3D printing head can extrude the printing consumables onto the printing platform. In specific implementation, the hot end of the 3D printing head for heating the printing material can extrude the printing consumables through a nozzle. The printing consumables can be plastic filaments that are easy to heat and melt, such as polylactic acid or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The diameter of the nozzle can be 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, etc. The printing consumables contained in the 3D printing head can also be printing materials of multiple colors and multiple different characteristics, not just one type of printing consumables.

[0047] In some feasible embodiments, when the 3D printing head is connected to the laser head, after the 3D printing head finishes printing a product or during the printing process, the laser head performs laser engraving on the 3D printed product / partial product. The high energy density of the laser beam rapidly raises the temperature of the material surface, melts or vaporizes it, thereby forming the desired pattern or text. This reduces the steps of first installing the 3D printing head, then removing the 3D printing head, and then installing the laser head, improving production efficiency. Alternatively, placing processing consumables of the laser head, such as materials like acrylic plates, wood, metal, glass, stainless steel, rocks, etc., on the processing platform, the laser head can process other products besides 3D printed products. The processing equipment of the present application can either achieve 3D printing alone, or achieve laser engraving / cutting alone, or can achieve both 3D printing and laser engraving / cutting. By sharing the same set of motion devices, such as guide rods / processing platforms, etc., between the laser head and the 3D printing head, various different processing methods can be achieved, such as printing, engraving / cutting, printing while engraving / cutting, engraving / cutting after printing, etc., providing multiple possibilities for complex product manufacturing, and can further improve the efficiency of production and manufacturing with low cost.

[0048] Engraving refers to the process of changing the appearance of a material without completely penetrating it, removing part of the material by scratching, carving, or other means to create the desired shape, pattern, or design. For example, fine lines and patterns are scratched on the material surface with a cutter, or text or patterns are engraved on the material surface with a laser beam.

[0049] Cutting refers to changing the appearance, properties, and / or state of a material, separating the material into two or more parts by mechanical force, thermal energy, hydraulic force, or chemical means. Cutting can include, for example, performing through-cutting, bleaching, curing, burning, etc. For example, using mechanical cutting, thermal cutting, water cutting, or chemical cutting.

[0050] Optionally, after the 3D printing head finishes printing a product, the laser head performs secondary processing on the product printed by the 3D printing head. For example, the laser head performs laser engraving on the product printed by the 3D printing head, avoiding the repeated installation and removal of the 3D printing head and the laser head, and improving the production efficiency of the processing equipment.

[0051] Among them, the processor can be a server or a processor integrated on the processing device, which is used to receive the images from the camera 120 and perform detection, so as to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed, and can further judge whether the placement state of the laser backing plate is correct. Exemplarily, the placement state can include whether the placement position is offset. Exemplarily, if the placement state of the laser backing plate is correct, the laser head can be controlled to process the object to be laser processed. If the current placement state of the laser backing plate is incorrect, a prompt message can be generated and displayed through the display module. The display module can be integrated on the processing device or decoupled from the processing device.

[0052] Among them, the laser backing plate can be used to carry the object to be laser processed. Figure 1 The processing platform 110 shown in is a part of the processing platform. Since high temperature and impact force will be generated during the laser processing process, directly acting on the printing platform is likely to cause surface wear and deformation, affecting the accuracy and service life of the processing equipment. After using the laser backing plate, the laser backing plate can withstand the high temperature and impact force generated during the laser processing process, isolating the printing platform from the laser processing process, thereby effectively protecting the processing equipment and extending its service life. Specifically, the laser backing plate can include polymer materials: such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin, etc. These materials have good high-temperature resistance, can withstand the high heat generated during the laser processing process, and are not easily deformed or burned. At the same time, they have relatively high chemical stability and are not easily eroded by the chemical substances generated during the laser processing process; the laser backing plate can include wood materials: commonly used ones are basswood, birch, etc. The wooden laser backing plate is relatively soft in texture, which makes it easier for the laser to penetrate the material during the processing process, thus achieving a finer cutting and engraving effect. In addition, wood has a certain elasticity, which can buffer the impact force generated during the laser processing process to a certain extent and reduce the damage to the laser processing equipment. The laser backing plate can include metal materials: such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. The metal laser backing plate has excellent heat conduction performance and can quickly transfer the heat generated during the laser processing process, thereby effectively preventing the material from deforming or being damaged due to overheating. In addition, the metal material has a high hardness and good wear resistance, can withstand the friction and wear generated during the laser processing process, and extends the service life of the backing plate. Exemplarily, in a processing device that can perform both laser processing and 3D printing, and the laser head is detachably installed on the 3D printing head. During laser processing, the processing platform can be specifically implemented as placing a laser backing plate on the printing platform, forming a structure from top to bottom as: the object to be laser processed - the laser backing plate - the printing platform.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2A , Figure 2ASchematic structural diagram of a laser backing plate and a printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application, including a laser backing plate 210 and a printing platform 220. Among them, the laser backing plate 210 is used to be placed on the printing platform 220, and the surface of the laser backing plate 210 facing the camera is provided with a first identifier 211. The first identifier 211 can have various visual forms, such as, for example, a QR code, a barcode, a checkerboard, a zebra stripe, etc.

[0054] In a feasible embodiment, the printing platform 220 can be provided with a guiding and limiting portion 221, and the laser backing plate 210 is provided with a structure adapted to the guiding and limiting portion 221 to limit the movement of the laser backing plate 210 in the horizontal direction. Exemplarily, the laser backing plate 210 is provided with an end face, and this end face can be in contact with the guiding and limiting portion 221. This end face includes a first end face and a second end face. Among them, the first end face is in contact with the first side of the laser backing plate to limit the movement of the laser backing plate 210 in the Y direction on the processing plane; the second end face is in contact with the second side of the laser backing plate to limit the movement of the laser backing plate 210 in the X direction on the processing plane; the first side of the laser backing plate is arranged in the Y direction, and the second side of the laser backing plate is arranged in the X direction.

[0055] Among them, the guiding and limiting portion 221 and the structure on the laser backing plate 210 adapted to the guiding and limiting portion 221 are located in the non-processing area.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier 211 is arranged on the structure of the laser backing plate 210 adapted to the guiding and limiting portion 221, or the first identifier 211 is located in the edge area of the laser backing plate 210.

[0057] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting portion 221 includes a guiding and limiting block, the laser backing plate 210 includes an end face adapted to the guiding and limiting block, and the end face is in contact with the surface of the guiding and limiting block.

[0058] In a possible embodiment, two first identifiers 211 are arranged on the edge of the laser backing plate 210, and two guiding and limiting modules are arranged on the edge of the printing platform 220.

[0059] In a possible embodiment, the laser backing plate 210 is provided with a consumable 212 that can be restored after laser burning, which is used to calibrate the position of the laser head. The consumable 212 that can be restored can be photosensitive paper, thermal paper, etc., and no specific limitation is made here.

[0060] In a possible embodiment, a supporting member is arranged on the laser backing plate 210, and the supporting member is used to prevent the object to be laser processed from being displaced during the processing. The supporting member can be a sawtooth rack, a grid and other structures, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 2B , Figure 2B which is a partial schematic diagram of a laser backing plate and a printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the first identifier 211 can be a diamond stripe. The laser backing plate includes an end face 213 adapted to the guiding and limiting portion 221. The end face 213 abuts against the surface of the guiding and limiting portion 221. The guiding and limiting portion 221 can limit the movement of the laser backing plate in the horizontal direction, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] It should be noted that Figure 2A and Figure 2B are only one possible example and do not represent limitations on the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion. The quantity, position, style of the first identifier and the quantity, position, style of the guiding and limiting portion can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0063] Next, in combination with Figure 3 a detection method for a laser backing plate in an embodiment of the present application will be described. Figure 3 which is a flowchart of a detection method for a laser backing plate provided by an embodiment of the present application. The laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of a processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform. The laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera. The specific steps are as follows:

[0064] Step 301, obtain an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera.

[0065] In a feasible implementation manner, if the camera is a chassis camera of the processing device, at this time the camera is fixed in the chassis. Optionally, the camera can be a top-down camera, fixedly installed above the front shell or the top shell of the chassis, and facing the printing platform direction at an inclined angle. Optionally, in order to avoid the area where the tool head may block the identifier, before step 301, the tool head can be controlled to move to the same side as the camera to avoid the tool head falling within the camera's field of view.

[0066] Optionally, in some feasible implementation manners, if the camera is installed on the tool head and can move with the tool head, after the tool head is controlled to move to the upper area where the identifier may appear, an image of the area that may include the identifier can be taken through the camera.

[0067] Among them, at least one image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform can be collected through a camera. The printing platform can be provided with a guiding and limiting part, and the laser backing plate is provided with a structure adapted to the guiding and limiting part to limit the movement of the laser backing plate in the horizontal direction.

[0068] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting part and the structure on the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting part are located in the non-processing area, and the first mark is located in the edge area of the laser backing plate; alternatively, the first mark is provided on the structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting part. This can prevent the guiding and limiting part and the first mark from being damaged during the processing.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting part includes a guiding and limiting block, and the laser backing plate includes an end face adapted to the guiding and limiting block, and the end face abuts against the surface of the guiding and limiting block.

[0070] In a possible embodiment, the laser backing plate is provided with consumables that can be restored after laser burning for calibrating the position of the laser head. The consumables that can be restored can be photosensitive paper, thermal paper, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] In a possible embodiment, at least two first marks are provided on the edge of the laser backing plate, and at least two guiding and limiting modules are provided on the edge of the printing platform. It can be understood that at least two guiding and limiting modules can clamp the laser backing plate to prevent the laser backing plate from moving in the horizontal direction. Three first marks, three guiding and limiting modules, etc. can be set according to needs, and no specific limitation is made here. In a feasible implementation manner, the first mark is provided on the structure where the laser backing plate cooperates with the guiding and limiting part. In order to detect whether the laser backing plate is placed correctly, the number of first marks can be set to be the same as the number of guiding and limiting modules. At this time, the position of the laser backing plate can be determined to be placed correctly according to the distance between each first mark and each guiding phase structure. Exemplarily, the correct placement of the laser backing plate can include that the laser backing plate is placed in place and the front side of the laser backing plate faces the laser head, that is, only one surface of the laser backing plate is provided with a first mark, and if the presence of the first mark can be recognized, it can be considered that the laser backing plate is not placed upside down.

[0072] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier may be a specific pattern such as a zebra pattern, a swirl pattern, etc. It can be understood that the first identifier is different from other patterns on the laser processing platform and other patterns on the laser backing plate to avoid errors during identification. The number of the first identifiers is at least two, and two are set as a group at the edge of the laser backing plate. Since the laser backing plate has four sides, two first identifiers can be respectively set at both ends of any one side. It should be noted that when the number of the first identifiers is greater than 2, any side other than the side where the first identifier has been set among the four sides of the laser backing plate can be selected to set the first identifier, and at this time, it is not necessary to set the first identifiers in groups of two, which will not be elaborated here. By setting at least two first identifiers, the detection result can be made more accurate when detecting the offset of the laser backing plate subsequently.

[0073] Step 302: Detect whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, determine that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform.

[0074] In a possible embodiment, the image can be input into a trained object detection model, and whether the first identifier exists in the image can be determined through the output of the object detection model. The object detection model can be used to identify each first identifier in the image and generate a first detection box to enclose the first identifier. One first detection box can include one first identifier.

[0075] Specifically, the object detection model can be constructed using YOLOv5. The network structure of YOLOv5 mainly consists of three parts: the backbone network, the neck network, and the head network. In terms of the backbone network, YOLOv5 provides multiple different backbone network options, including CSPDarknet53, CSPResNet50, etc. These backbone networks are designed based on the idea of CSPNet (Cross Stage Partial Network). The main function of CSPNet is to divide the feature map of the convolutional neural network into two parts. One part is directly passed to the next layer of the network, and the other part is fused with the directly passed part after a series of convolutional operations. This structural design can not only effectively reduce the computational amount and the number of parameters of the model, thereby improving the running efficiency of the model, but also enhance the feature extraction ability of the model, enabling the model to better learn various feature information in the image, and further improving the accuracy of object detection. In terms of the neck network, YOLOv5 adopts an improved structure based on the Path Aggregation Network (PANet). The main function of PANet is to establish additional connections between the bottom-up and top-down feature propagation paths to achieve fast information flow and feature fusion between feature maps at different levels. This structural design allows the model to fully utilize the feature information from other levels at different levels, thereby improving the detection ability and robustness of the model for complex scenes and target objects of different sizes. In terms of the head network, YOLOv5 uses a detection head structure based on anchor boxes. The detection head structure of YOLOv5 significantly reduces the computational amount and the number of parameters of the model while maintaining the detection accuracy, thereby improving the running efficiency of the model. Specifically, the detection head structure of YOLOv5 mainly consists of three parts, namely the classification prediction head, the bounding box regression prediction head, and the confidence prediction head. The main function of the classification prediction head is to predict the class probability of the target object in each anchor box; the main function of the bounding box regression prediction head is to predict the bounding box position of the target object in each anchor box; the main function of the confidence prediction head is to predict the existence confidence of the target object in each anchor box. By fusing the prediction results of these three parts, the final detection result of the target object in each anchor box can be obtained. The first identifier in the image can be recognized by the object detection model, which will not be elaborated here. When it is recognized that the first identifier exists in the image, it can be determined that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform.

[0076] Optionally, in some feasible embodiments, there are multiple ways to detect whether a first identifier exists in an image. Common object detection algorithms can be used. For example, the object detection algorithm can be Region with Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN), Segment Anything Model (SAM), etc. These are all common object detection algorithms, and this application does not limit how to detect whether a first identifier exists in the image.

[0077] It can be seen that through the above-mentioned detection method and related device of the laser backing plate, the laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables on the printing platform. The laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera. The detection method includes: obtaining an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera; detecting whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform. It can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed, with good reliability and ensuring the safety of laser processing, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing.

[0078] In a possible embodiment, if it is determined that the first identifier does not exist in the image, it can be determined that the laser backing plate is not placed on the laser processing platform, and information for prompting to place the laser backing plate needs to be generated and displayed.

[0079] It can be seen that by detecting the image of the laser processing platform to determine whether the first identifier exists in the image, it is possible to first detect whether the laser backing plate exists. Since the premise of detecting whether the laser backing plate is offset is that the laser backing plate has been set on the laser processing platform, performing this step first can exclude the situation where the laser backing plate is not set, reduce system power consumption, and provide data support for subsequent offset detection of the laser backing plate.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 Another detection method of the laser backing plate provided by the embodiment of the present application. The laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables on the printing platform. The laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 401: Obtain an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through a camera.

[0082] Step 402: Detect whether a first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, determine that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform.

[0083] Step 403: Detect whether the image includes a guiding and limiting portion. If the image does not include the guiding and limiting portion, determine that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0084] Wherein, at least two guiding and limiting modules are provided at the edge of the printing platform. The image including the guiding and limiting portion means that the image includes the pattern of the top view of the guiding and limiting module. For example, the pattern of the top view of the guiding and limiting module can be a parallelogram, a trapezoid, a square, etc. And, the color of the pattern of the top view of the guiding and limiting module is the color of the guiding and limiting module, which is not specifically limited herein. Among them, the number of the patterns of the top view of the guiding and limiting module can be at least two. It can be understood that the number of the patterns of the top view of the guiding and limiting module is the same as the number of the first identifiers. The positions of the guiding and limiting modules are generally set adjacent to the first identifiers for subsequent offset detection. For example, when the first identifier a is set at one end of the x side of the laser backing plate and the first identifier b is set at the other end of the x side of the laser backing plate, the guiding and limiting module c can be set at one end of the X side of the printing platform, and the guiding and limiting module d can be set at the other end of the X side of the printing platform. The X side of the printing platform and the x side of the laser backing plate are on the same side. Therefore, when the laser backing plate is not offset, the second identifier c is adjacent to the first identifier a, and the second identifier d is adjacent to the first identifier b.

[0085] It can be seen that when the image does not include the guiding and limiting portion, it means that the guiding and limiting portion is blocked by the laser backing plate, and it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform. Timely adjustment is required.

[0086] Step 404: Detect whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image includes the guiding and limiting portion, based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion, obtain the placement state of the laser backing plate relative to the printing platform.

[0087] Wherein, if the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion is greater than a preset threshold, it is obtained that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform. If the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it is obtained that the laser backing plate is placed correctly on the printing platform.

[0088] In a possible embodiment, the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion may be the distance between the two in the image. That is, the pixel distance is directly used to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion may be the actual distance obtained after converting the distance in the image, and the actual distance is used to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0090] Specifically, the first shape data and the second shape data in the image may be detected to determine at least two first detection frames and at least one second detection frame. Each first detection frame includes one first identifier, and the at least one second detection frame includes the at least two guiding and limiting modules; at least two first position data are determined according to the coordinate data of each first detection frame; and at least one second position data is determined according to the coordinate data of the at least one second detection frame.

[0091] Specifically, each first detection frame and each second detection frame are determined by the above-trained object detection model.

[0092] In a possible embodiment, a first detection frame may be generated for each first identifier, and then the midpoint coordinates of each first detection frame are calculated as the first position data. At this time, the first position data may include the midpoint coordinates of each first detection frame.

[0093] In a possible embodiment, all the first identifiers may be included in a first detection frame, and then the midpoint coordinates of this first detection frame are calculated as the first position data. At this time, the first position data includes the midpoint coordinates of one first detection frame.

[0094] In a possible embodiment, a second detection frame of each guiding and limiting module may be generated, and then the midpoint coordinates of each second detection frame are calculated as the second position data. At this time, the second position data may include the midpoint coordinates of each second detection frame.

[0095] In a possible embodiment, all the guiding and limiting modules may be included in a second detection frame, and then the midpoint coordinates of this second detection frame are calculated as the second position data. At this time, the second position data includes the midpoint coordinates of one second detection frame.

[0096] Among them, when the image is recognized to determine the second identification data, there are three cases. The first case is that the guiding and limiting module cannot be recognized, and at this time, the second identification data is empty. The second case is that the guiding and limiting module can be recognized, but only part of the guiding and limiting module is recognized. The third case is that the complete guiding and limiting module can be recognized. For the first case and the second case, in fact, there is no need to perform offset detection on the laser backing plate anymore. Because when the guiding and limiting module cannot be recognized or only part of the guiding and limiting module is recognized, it means that the guiding and limiting module is blocked by the laser backing plate. At this time, the laser backing plate is obviously offset, and a prompt can be directly given without further offset detection to reduce the system power consumption.

[0097] Among them, the second shape data of the recognized guiding and limiting module can be compared with the preset shape data to determine whether the guiding and limiting module is blocked. If the second shape data of each guiding and limiting module conforms to the preset shape data, it can be determined that the guiding and limiting module is not blocked and the laser backing plate is not significantly offset, and further offset detection is required. If the second shape data of at least one guiding and limiting module does not conform to the preset shape data, it can be determined that at least one guiding and limiting module is blocked by the laser backing plate. At this time, there is no need to perform offset detection anymore, and an offset can be directly prompted to reduce the system power consumption. If the second shape data does not conform to the preset shape data, a prompt message is generated and displayed. At this time, the prompt message is used to prompt that the laser backing plate is offset within a large range. Here, the range refers to the offset range of the laser backing plate.

[0098] In a possible embodiment, based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting part in the image, the relative position state of the laser backing plate and the printing platform can be determined. There are two cases of the relative position state. One is the state where the laser backing plate is correctly placed on the printing platform, and the other is the state where the laser backing plate is offset and placed on the printing platform. For the sake of easy understanding, the state where the laser backing plate is correctly placed on the printing platform will be described first. See Figure 5 , Figure 5 which is a schematic diagram of the effect of a laser backing plate correctly placed on the printing platform provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the figure is a top view of the printing platform. The first first identifier is in the upper left corner and exists in the form of a bar-shaped zebra stripe. The second first identifier is in the upper right corner. The guiding and limiting module is a gray parallelogram. The first guiding and limiting module is adjacent to the right of the first first identifier, and the second guiding and limiting module is adjacent to the left of the second first identifier. The coordinate difference between the first position data corresponding to the first identifier and the second position data corresponding to the second identifier at this time can be recorded as the preset coordinate difference.

[0099] In a possible embodiment, if the coordinate differences between the at least two first position data and the at least one second position data do not meet the preset coordinate differences, it is determined that the relative position state does not meet the preset position state; if the coordinate differences between the at least two first position data and the at least one second position data meet the preset coordinate differences, it is determined that the relative position state meets the preset position state. For example, the first position data includes the center coordinates of two first detection frames of two first identifiers, which are (u2, v2) and (u3, v3) respectively, and the second position data includes the center coordinate (u1, v1) of one second detection frame of two guiding and limiting modules. u1, u2, and u3 represent the pixel row coordinates, and v1, v2, and v3 represent the pixel column coordinates. The coordinate differences reflecting the relative position state between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting module can be calculated as d1 = abs(u1 - u2) and d2 = abs(u1 - u3). Here, d1 represents the pixel row distance between one first identifier and the guiding and limiting module, and d2 represents the pixel row distance between the other first identifier and the guiding and limiting module. When one of d1 or d2 does not meet the preset coordinate differences, it can be determined that the laser backing plate is not correctly placed on the printing platform; when d1 and d2 meet the preset coordinate differences, it can be determined that the laser backing plate is correctly placed on the printing platform. It can be understood that the accuracy of the preset coordinate differences can be flexibly adjusted according to needs.

[0100] It can be seen that by detecting whether the image includes the guiding and limiting part, and based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting part in the image, the placement state of the laser backing plate relative to the printing platform can be obtained. Further offset detection can be carried out when it is determined that the laser backing plate is not significantly offset, improving the detection efficiency and enhancing the detection accuracy at the same time.

[0101] In a possible embodiment, if it is obtained that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform, a prompt message can be generated and displayed. The prompt message is used to prompt that the laser backing plate is offset, and the form of the prompt message can be at least one of voice, text, video, image, vibration, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0102] In a feasible implementation manner, such as Figure 2AAs shown in the figure, a consumable 212 that can be restored after laser ablation is provided on the laser backing plate. In the hand-eye coordination task of the laser (such as laser engraving, laser cutting, etc.), the calibration of the positional relationship between the laser and the camera has a crucial impact on the hand-eye coordination task. Specifically, in the scenario where the laser head is mounted on the print head, during the calibration of the laser head, the laser head is controlled to move to a preset position, and the preset position corresponds to the position where the restorative consumable 212 is located; the laser head is controlled to emit laser light to the restorative consumable at the preset position, and after a marking pattern is formed on the restorative consumable, if there is a camera fixed on the print head, the print head is controlled to move to the periphery of the preset position according to the target movement amount, and an image of the restorative consumable containing the marking pattern is captured by the camera. In some feasible embodiments, the target movement amount is a preset value. Based on the image and the target movement amount, the position information of the laser head is obtained, thereby completing the hand-eye calibration between the laser head and the camera. Assume that the camera is not fixed to the print head, but the camera is a movable camera in the processing equipment. Different from the camera fixedly installed in the chassis, the camera can be controlled to move to the periphery of the preset position according to the target movement amount, and an image of the restorative consumable containing the marking pattern is captured by the camera. At this time, the position information of the laser head can still be obtained based on the image and the target movement amount, thereby completing the hand-eye calibration between the laser head and the camera. It can be seen from this that in the process of calibrating the position of the laser, the placement position of the restorative consumable is crucial, and since the restorative consumable is provided on the laser backing plate, after the laser backing plate is placed correctly, it can ensure that the restorative consumable is in the correct position. That is, implementing the scheme of whether the laser backing plate is offset is beneficial to calibrating the position of the laser and improving the accuracy of laser processing.

[0103] Exemplarily, the consumable that can be restored after laser ablation / illumination can be a material with a restorable color, such as thermal paper, photosensitive paper, or a fluorescent material with temperature control characteristics.

[0104] Step 405, if the laser backing plate is correctly placed on the printing platform, detect the image to determine the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member.

[0105] Wherein, a support member is provided on the laser backing plate, and the support member is used to prevent the object to be laser processed from displacing during the processing. The support member can include a rack structure, a honeycomb structure, a spiral structure, etc., and no specific limitation is made here. The larger the size of the object to be laser processed, the larger the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member; the denser the structure of the support member, the larger the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member. Conversely, the smaller the size of the object to be laser processed, the smaller the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member; the sparser the structure of the support member, the smaller the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member.

[0106] It can be seen that by detecting the image to determine the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member, it can provide a data reference for subsequent determination of whether the object to be laser processed is stable. Because the larger the contact area between the object to be laser processed and the support member, the more stable it is.

[0107] Step 406, if the contact area data is less than the preset contact area threshold corresponding to the object to be laser processed, prompt to replace the laser backing plate or the support member.

[0108] Among them, experiments can be pre-conducted to determine the stability degree of the object to be laser processed at different contact areas on the laser backing plate, so as to determine the preset contact area threshold. If the contact area data is less than the preset contact area threshold corresponding to the object to be laser processed, it can be determined that the object to be laser processed is not stable enough on the laser backing plate.

[0109] In a possible embodiment, it can be identified and determined whether the laser backing plate is a laser backing plate with a replaceable support member. If the laser backing plate is a laser backing plate with a non-replaceable support member, prompt to replace the laser backing plate. If the laser backing plate is a laser backing plate with a replaceable support member, prompt to replace the support member. Specific limitations are not made here.

[0110] It can be seen that in this way, while detecting the offset of the laser backing plate, it can be detected whether the laser backing plate is suitable for the object to be laser processed, and prompt in time when it is not suitable, greatly improving the efficiency of laser processing.

[0111] It can be seen that through the detection method and related device of the laser backing plate, the laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables on the printing platform. The laser backing plate is used to carry the object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera. The detection method includes: obtaining an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera; detecting whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform. It can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the laser backing plate is placed, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing. It can automatically detect the image of the laser processing platform to determine whether the placement position of the laser backing plate is accurate, and prompt in time when there is an offset, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing. At the same time, when the laser backing plate is placed correctly, it can further identify whether the laser backing plate matches the object to be laser processed, thereby further improving the efficiency of laser processing.

[0112] For the parts not described in detail above, reference can be made to Figure 3 the steps of some methods described in

[0113] The above mainly introduces the solutions of the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of the execution process on the method side. It can be understood that in order for an electronic device to implement the above functions, it includes the corresponding hardware structure and / or software module for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, combining the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments provided in this article, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed in the way of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0114] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional units of the processing device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional unit can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0115] In the case of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function, Figure 6 is a block diagram of the functional unit composition of a detection device for a laser backing plate provided by an embodiment of the present application. The laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of a processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera; wherein, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables on the printing platform; the laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate has a first identifier on the surface facing the camera; the detection device 600 of the laser backing plate includes:

[0116] An acquisition unit 610, configured to acquire an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform through the camera;

[0117] A detection unit 620, configured to detect whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform.

[0118] In a possible embodiment, the printing platform is provided with a guiding and limiting portion, and the laser backing plate is provided with a structure adapted to the guiding and limiting portion to limit the laser backing plate from moving in the horizontal direction.

[0119] In a possible embodiment, the detection unit 620 is further configured to:

[0120] Detect whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image does not include the guiding and limiting portion, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0121] In a possible embodiment, the detection unit 620 is further configured to:

[0122] Detect whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image includes the guiding and limiting portion, based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion, obtain the placement state of the laser backing plate relative to the printing platform.

[0123] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier is disposed on a structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion; the detection unit 620 is further configured to:

[0124] If the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion is greater than a preset threshold, it is obtained that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

[0125] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting portion and the laser backing plate are provided with structures adapted to the guiding and limiting portion in a non-processing area.

[0126] In a possible embodiment, the first identifier is located in an edge area of the laser backing plate; or, the first identifier is disposed on a structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion.

[0127] In a possible embodiment, the guiding and limiting portion includes a guiding and limiting block, and the laser backing plate includes an end face adapted to the guiding and limiting block, and the end face abuts against the surface of the guiding and limiting block.

[0128] In a possible embodiment, the laser backing plate is provided with a consumable that can be restored after laser burning, for calibrating the position of the laser head.

[0129] In a possible embodiment, at least two first identifiers are provided at the edge of the laser backing plate, and at least two guiding and limiting modules are provided at the edge of the printing platform.

[0130] In a possible embodiment, a support member is provided on the laser backing plate, and the support member is used to prevent the object to be laser processed from being displaced during the processing. The detection unit 620 is further configured to:

[0131] Detect the image to determine the contact area data of the object to be laser processed and the support member;

[0132] If the contact area data is less than the preset contact area threshold corresponding to the object to be laser processed, prompt to replace the laser backing plate or the support member.

[0133] It can be seen that through the above detection method and related device of the laser backing plate, the laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing device. The processing device includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera; wherein, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables on the printing platform; the laser backing plate is used to carry the object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera; the detection method includes: obtaining, by the camera, an image of the processing device in the direction of the printing platform; detecting whether the first identifier exists in the image, and if the first identifier exists in the image, determining that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform. It can automatically detect the image of the printing platform to determine whether the placement position of the laser backing plate is accurate, greatly improving the accuracy of laser processing.

[0134] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation can adopt the corresponding description of the method embodiment shown above. The detection device 600 of the laser backing plate can be used to execute the method embodiment of the present application above, and details are not described herein again.

[0135] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, and the computer program enables a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any method recorded in the above method embodiment, and the above computer includes an electronic device.

[0136] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the above computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the above computer program is operable to enable a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any method recorded in the above method embodiment. The computer program product can be a software installation package, and the above computer includes an electronic device.

[0137] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, EPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable hard disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a terminal device or a management device. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the terminal device or the management device.

[0138] The specific implementation manners described above further elaborate on the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the above is only the specific implementation manners of the embodiments of this application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application shall be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A detection method for a laser backing plate, characterized in that, The laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform of the processing equipment. The processing equipment includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and a camera. Among them, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform. The laser backing plate is used to carry the object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera. The detection method includes: Obtaining, by the camera, an image of the processing equipment in the direction of the printing platform. Detecting whether the first identifier exists in the image. If the first identifier exists in the image, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed on the printing platform.

2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printing platform is provided with a guiding and limiting portion, and the laser backing plate is provided with a structure adapted to the guiding and limiting portion to limit the movement of the laser backing plate in the horizontal direction.

3. The detection method according to claim 2, wherein, The method further includes: Detecting whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image does not include the guiding and limiting portion, it is determined that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

4. The detection method according to claim 2, wherein, The method further includes: Detecting whether the image includes the guiding and limiting portion. If the image includes the guiding and limiting portion, based on the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion, the placement state of the laser backing plate relative to the printing platform is obtained.

5. The detection method according to claim 4, wherein The first identifier is provided on the structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion. The method further includes: If the distance between the first identifier and the guiding and limiting portion is greater than a preset threshold value, it is obtained that the laser backing plate is placed offset on the printing platform.

6. The detection method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The guiding and limiting portion and the structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion are located in a non-processing area.

7. The detection method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The first identifier is located in the edge area of the laser backing plate; or, the first identifier is provided on the structure of the laser backing plate adapted to the guiding and limiting portion.

8. The detection method according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The guiding and limiting portion includes a guiding and limiting block, and the laser backing plate includes an end face adapted to the guiding and limiting block, and the end face abuts against the surface of the guiding and limiting block.

9. The detection method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The laser backing plate is provided with consumables that can be restored after laser burning, and is used to calibrate the position of the laser head.

10. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that At least two first identifiers are provided at the edge of the laser backing plate, and at least two guiding and limiting modules are provided at the edge of the printing platform.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein A support member is provided on the laser backing plate, and the support member is used to prevent the object to be laser processed from being displaced during the processing. The method further includes: Detecting the image to determine the contact area data between the object to be laser processed and the support member. If the contact area data is less than the preset contact area threshold value corresponding to the object to be laser processed, a prompt is given to replace the laser backing plate or replace the support member.

12. A processing device, characterized in that, It includes a 3D printing head, a laser head detachably connected to the 3D printing head, a printing platform, a camera, and a processor; wherein, the 3D printing head extrudes printing consumables onto the printing platform; a laser backing plate is used to be placed on the printing platform, the laser backing plate is used to carry an object to be laser processed, and the laser backing plate is provided with a first identifier on the surface facing the camera; The processor is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-11.

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