Well cementation quality detection device and method based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves

Abstract

The invention provides a well cementation quality detection device and method based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves, and the device comprises a transfer module, one end of the transfer module is provided with a traction module, the other end of the transfer module is provided with a counterweight joint, the transfer module is provided with a variable-diameter support module, and a plurality of ultrasonic receiving and transmitting modules are circumferentially arranged on the variable-diameter support module. A connecting line of the ultrasonic transceiver module is led out to the ground through the transfer module and is connected with a ground instrument; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting module comprises an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shearing guided wave probe and an axial moving device, the axial moving device makes contact with the inner wall of the casing pipe, and the radian of the axial moving device is matched with that of the inner wall of the casing pipe. In addition, the problems that a second interface is difficult to detect, deviation exists in detection of a micro annular space, borehole expansion and the like, and the influence of the cementing quality of the first interface is large in the current traditional acoustic logging can be well solved, and full-circumferential detection of a well cementation cement layer is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic logging in oil exploration, and particularly relates to a device and method for detecting cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves. Background Art

[0002] After an oil and gas well is drilled, cement needs to be injected into the annulus between the casing and the formation for cementing. The cementing quality is directly related to the lifespan, productivity, and overall efficiency of the oil and gas well. If the cementing quality meets the requirements, the oil and gas exploration and development will be efficient and effective; if the cementing quality is poor, it will lead to fluid channeling between layers, a significant increase in development costs, and even damage to the casing of the regional oil and gas well, causing a large economic loss to the oilfield. Therefore, the quality of cementing directly affects the efficiency and safety of oil and gas production, and effective evaluation of cementing quality is a key link in the process of oil and gas production.

[0003] Currently, acoustic logging technology is the only reliable method for evaluating the cementing quality of the casing in oil and gas wells. The earliest acoustic logging technology used was the amplitude logging of non-directional cement bond logging (CBL). With the continuous improvement of technology, variable density logging (VDL) has been widely used. Later, acoustic logging technologies such as sector cement bond logging (SBT) have been developed. The principle of CBL is to evaluate the cementing condition of cement based on the relative amplitude method and the cementing ratio, mainly detecting the first wave amplitude of the casing wave. For the cementing quality of cement with conventional density, if the cementing between the cement and the casing is good, the acoustic energy in the casing attenuates greatly; conversely, if the cementing between the cement and the casing is poor, the acoustic energy attenuates less. Therefore, the amplitude of the casing wave can reflect the cementing condition, but this method cannot evaluate the cementing condition of the second interface. VDL detects the magnitude of the acoustic wave amplitude to judge the cementing quality. Compared with CBL, this method obtains more comprehensive information, especially the cementing condition of the second interface. However, it is prone to deviation when detecting micro-annuli, wellbore enlargement, etc., and has no azimuth resolution and cannot detect channeling. The measurement system of SBT is divided into six sectors, and each sector collects an attenuation curve through dual transmitter and dual receiver compensation measurement. This method can perform circumferential detection of the casing well by winding and conduct omnidirectional high-resolution attenuation compensation measurement. The advantage of this method is that it is not affected by the centralization of the instrument and the result is less affected by various other factors. The disadvantage is that when the cementing of the first interface is poor, especially when there are micro-annuli, SBT logging cannot correctly evaluate the cementing condition of the second interface.

[0004] With the development of cementing technology, more and more oilfield sites use low-density cement for cementing. For acoustic logging, the acoustic impedance of cement and the casing is a key parameter for logging. However, the acoustic impedance of low-density cement is quite different from that of the casing. Generally speaking, the density is less than 1.75 g / cm3 is low-density cement, and the density of the cement used in conventional well cementing is 1.90 g / cm 3 . However, the acoustic impedance of low-density cement is only about half of that of conventional cement, and it is difficult to have good acoustic coupling with the casing. This results in that the widely used traditional acoustic impedance logging methods and instruments are difficult to effectively evaluate this type of cased well, and even give wrong judgments. At present, some studies have shown that the propagation of horizontal shear guided waves in pipelines mainly depends on the shear characteristics of materials, and liquid substances such as mud in cased wells will not affect the attenuation of horizontal shear guided waves. Therefore, the shear characteristics of the cement outside the casing can be detected by using horizontal shear guided waves, so as to judge the state of the cement outside the casing and evaluate the well cementing quality. However, due to the low transducer efficiency of electromagnetic ultrasonic probes, a stable and small lift-off distance needs to be maintained during their use, which limits the application of electromagnetic ultrasonic technology in the logging field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of incomplete detection information in the existing acoustic logging technology for well cementing quality and the limitation of the lift-off distance of electromagnetic ultrasonic probes in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting well cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves. This device can maintain a stable and small lift-off distance, ensure the transducer efficiency of the electromagnetic ultrasonic probe, and can well solve the problems existing in current traditional acoustic logging, such as difficulty in detecting the second interface, deviation in detecting micro-annulus and wellbore enlargement, and being greatly affected by the cementing quality of the first interface, and realize the full circumferential detection of the well cementing cement layer.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A device for detecting well cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves, including a transfer module. One end of the transfer module is provided with a traction module, and the other end is provided with a weight joint. A variable-diameter support module is arranged on the transfer module. A plurality of ultrasonic transceiver modules are circumferentially arranged on the variable-diameter support module. The connection lines of the ultrasonic transceiver modules are led out through the transfer module to the ground and connected to ground instruments; the ultrasonic transceiver module includes an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe and an axial moving device, and the axial moving device contacts the inner wall of the casing and is adapted to the arc.

[0007] Further, the variable-diameter support module includes a variable-diameter connection module and a plurality of spring steels circumferentially spaced and connected to the variable-diameter connection module. Both ends of the spring steels are connected to the transfer module through the variable-diameter connection module. One end of the spring steel connected to the transfer module is arranged close to the traction module, and the other end of the spring steel connected to the transfer module is arranged close to the weight joint. Each spring steel is provided with an ultrasonic transceiver module in the middle, and the middle of the spring steel is not connected to the transfer module.

[0008] Further, the axial movement device includes a roller bracket and an arc bearing wheel. The roller bracket is connected to the housing of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe, and the arc bearing wheel is arranged on the roller bracket to achieve smooth axial movement of the detection device.

[0009] Further, the transfer module includes a transfer joint, a cable conversion center tube, and a center tube. One end of the transfer joint is connected to the traction module, and guide grooves are distributed on the outer wall of the other end. The guide grooves are used to cooperate with the variable diameter support module to achieve the variable diameter function; one end of the transfer joint connected to the variable diameter support module is also connected to the cable conversion center tube. Holes are provided on the cable conversion center tube for passing the connection wires of the ultrasonic transceiver module; the center tube is arranged inside the transfer joint and the cable conversion center tube to extend the connection wires of the ultrasonic transceiver module to the ground and connect them to the ground instrument.

[0010] Further, one end of the spring steel is connected to the transfer joint through a variable diameter connection module, and the other end of the spring steel is connected to the cable conversion center tube through a variable diameter connection module. The ultrasonic transceiver module is arranged in the middle of the spring steel.

[0011] Further, the variable diameter connection module includes an upper variable diameter connection module and a lower connection module. Among them, the upper variable diameter connection module includes a variable diameter locking upper joint, a variable diameter locking lower joint, a spring steel upper joint, and a spring steel upper clip. Among them, convex grooves are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the spring steel upper joint for cooperating with the transfer module to achieve the variable diameter function; the variable diameter locking upper joint and the variable diameter locking lower joint are respectively placed at the upper and lower ends of the spring steel upper joint and connected to the transfer module to achieve the variable diameter function; a plurality of connection rings are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the spring steel upper joint for connecting the spring steel upper clip, and the spring steel upper clip is connected to one end of the spring steel;

[0012] The lower connection module includes a spring steel lower joint and a spring steel lower clip. A bolt hole is provided at the upper end of the spring steel lower joint for connecting to the transfer module. A plurality of connection rings are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the spring steel lower joint for connecting the spring steel lower clip, and the spring steel lower clip is connected to the other end of the spring steel.

[0013] Further, a plurality of through holes are circumferentially opened on both the variable diameter locking upper joint and the variable diameter locking lower joint to relieve the deformation stress.

[0014] Further, the traction module includes a lifting ring and an upper lifting ring joint. One end of the upper lifting ring joint is connected to the transfer module, and the other end is connected to the lifting ring.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for detecting the cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear waves, which is carried out by using the above-mentioned cementing quality detection device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0016] S1 Adjust the position of the variable-diameter support module according to the diameter of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, so that the detection radius of the ultrasonic transceiver module matches the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured;

[0017] S2 Determine the installation angle of the ultrasonic transceiver module according to the detection requirements of the cement sheath layer of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, lead out the connection line of the ultrasonic transceiver module from the transfer module and connect it to the ground instrument;

[0018] S3 After connecting the traction module and the counterweight joint to the transfer module to obtain the detection device, place the detection device into the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured. When the detection device moves to the area to be measured of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, the ground instrument emits a pulse to excite the ultrasonic guided wave, and then the ultrasonic transceiver module receives the signal and transmits it to the ground instrument;

[0019] S4 Process the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ground instrument to realize the detection of the bonding quality of the cement sheath outside the casing.

[0020] Further, in S4, the ultrasonic guided wave signal processing is specifically to extract the time-domain amplitude information from the received ultrasonic signal according to the determined distribution angle of the ultrasonic transceiver module, and calculate the propagation attenuation of the ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave. The calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] Among them, A n and A f are respectively the Hilbert envelope peaks of the direct wave in the positive direction of the signals at the near and far receiving points; L is the propagation distance between the near and far receiving points; D1 and D2 are respectively the outer diameter and inner diameter of the casing; rad is the radian difference between the near and far receiving points.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves. Firstly, the present invention uses an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe for cementing quality. Based on the excellent physical properties of horizontal shear guided waves in cementing quality detection, the cementing quality detection device of the present invention has better detection performance. Secondly, by setting an axial movement device on the variable diameter support module and the ultrasonic transceiver module, the present invention can determine the radial position of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe, so that the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe of the present invention has a stable and small lift-off distance, ensuring the transducer efficiency of the electromagnetic ultrasonic probe, realizing the circumferential position stability of the ultrasonic probe and the smooth axial scanning function of the detection device, and reasonably improving the disadvantages of the current traditional acoustic logging, such as the difficulty in detecting the second interface, the deviation in detecting micro-annuli and wellbore enlargement, and the large influence of the bonding quality of the first interface.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention uses spring steel to fix the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe. Spring steel has stability, which can achieve a stable lift-off distance of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe. Under the combined action of the roller brackets and bearing rollers above and below the probe housing, the radial position of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe is determined, realizing a small lift-off between the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe and the inner wall of the pipeline, and ensuring the transducer efficiency of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe.

[0027] Furthermore, in view of the different pipe diameters of oil and gas well casings and the different cementing detection requirements, the present invention adjusts the number, distribution angle and detection radius of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probes by changing the number of spring steels in the variable diameter support module, so that the present invention can adjust the corresponding working parameters according to different working conditions.

[0028] Furthermore, the present invention has strong adaptability. In addition to the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe, it can also be adapted to other modal electromagnetic ultrasonic probes. At the same time, the working efficiency of this device is high, and the key modules adopt a detachable structure, which is convenient for replacement and adjustment, saving production and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art.

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the variable diameter support module (variable diameter part) of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3These are the front view and top view of the upper joint of spring steel in the variable-diameter support module of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 These are the front view and top view of the lower joint of spring steel in the variable-diameter support module of the present invention.

[0034] Numbers in the figure: 1 - lifting ring; 2 - M12 bolt; 3 - upper joint of lifting ring; 4 - transfer joint; 5a - variable-diameter locking upper joint; 5b - variable-diameter locking lower joint; 6 - upper joint of spring steel; 7a - upper clip of spring steel; 7b - lower clip of spring steel; 8 - spring steel; 9 - housing of electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe; 10 - cover of housing of electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe; 11 - roller support; 12 - M8 bolt; 13 - arc bearing wheel; 14 - M6 bolt; 15 - M6 nut; 16 - M12 bolt; 17 - M16 bolt; 18 - lower joint of spring steel; 19 - M8 bolt; 20 - M8 nut; 21 - weight joint; 22 - central tube; 23 - M12 nut; 24 - cable conversion central tube; 25 - M8 bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific implementation manners.

[0036] The present invention uses an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe to generate a periodic static magnetic field and eddy current in the oil and gas well casing, thereby generating a Lorentz force to excite ultrasonic horizontal shear waves and propagate circumferentially along the casing.

[0037] Furthermore, during the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves along the casing, the ultrasonic waves will transmit to the cement sheath outside the casing. According to the energy leakage principle, when the cement sheath is well cemented, the acoustic energy leaks, and the received signal energy is small and the amplitude is low; when there are cementing defects in the cement sheath, the acoustic energy leakage is reduced, and the received signal energy is large and the amplitude is high. Therefore, according to the amplitude and attenuation of the received signal, the cementing condition of the cement sheath can be judged.

[0038] As Figures 1-4 shown, a cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear waves proposed by the present invention includes an ultrasonic transceiver module, a transfer module, a variable-diameter support module, a traction module and a weight joint. The ultrasonic transceiver module includes an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe and an axial movement device;

[0039] The electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe includes a periodically arranged permanent magnet (PPM), a racetrack-shaped enameled coil, a BNC connecting wire, and a housing of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe.

[0040] The axial movement device includes a roller bracket 11 and an arc bearing wheel 13. The roller bracket 11 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe housing 9 are joined by M8 screws 12. The arc bearing wheel 13 and the roller bracket 11 are connected by M6 bolts 14 and M6 nuts 15 to achieve smooth axial movement of the entire detection device and ensure the stability of the ultrasonic probe in the circumferential position.

[0041] Furthermore, the roller bracket 11 is at an angle such that the arc bearing wheel 13 can adapt to the inner wall radian of the pipeline to be measured, thereby increasing the stability of the device movement. In addition, the arc bearing wheel 13 is 1 - 2 mm higher than the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe housing 9 to achieve a stable and small lift - off between the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe and the surface of the pipeline to be measured. Each electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe is equipped with 4 arc bearing wheels 13 to assist in movement, for achieving smooth axial movement of the detection device.

[0042] Preferably, the transfer module includes a transfer joint 4, a cable conversion center tube 24, and a center tube 22. The upper end of the transfer joint 4 is connected to the traction module by a pipe thread, the lower end is connected to the cable conversion center tube 24 by a thread, and the inner wall is connected to the center tube 22 by a thread.

[0043] Furthermore, four guide grooves are provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the transfer joint 4 in a circumferential 90° distribution, and at the same time, an external thread is provided. The guide grooves cooperate with the variable - diameter support module to achieve the variable - diameter function.

[0044] Furthermore, the upper end of the cable conversion center tube 24 is connected to the transfer joint 4 by a thread, four quasi - rectangular holes are opened in the middle, and the lower end is connected to the counterweight joint 21 by a thread.

[0045] Furthermore, the center tube 22 is respectively connected to the inner wall of the transfer joint 4 and the inner wall of the cable conversion center tube 24 by threads.

[0046] Furthermore, the BNC connection line of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe extends through the cable conversion center tube 24, the center tube 22, and the traction module to be connected to the ground instrument.

[0047] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the variable - diameter support module includes a variable - diameter connection module and a plurality of spring steels 8 arranged at circumferential intervals. A threaded hole is opened in the middle of the spring steel 8, and the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe is fixed by an M8 bolt 25. The elastic property of the spring steel 8 is used to achieve variable - diameter detection of the ultrasonic probe;

[0048] The variable - diameter connection module includes an upper variable - diameter connection module and a lower connection module. Among them, as Figures 2-4As shown in the figure, the upper reduced-diameter connection module includes a reduced-diameter locking upper joint 5a, a reduced-diameter locking lower joint 5b, a spring steel upper joint 6, and a spring steel upper clip 7a. Among them, the inner wall of the spring steel upper joint 6 is provided with 4 convex grooves distributed circumferentially at 90°, which are in clearance fit with the guide rail grooves on the outer wall of the transfer joint 4; the reduced-diameter locking upper joint 5a and the reduced-diameter locking lower joint 5b are respectively placed at the upper and lower ends of the spring steel upper joint 6 to fix the spring steel upper joint 6 on the transfer joint 4. The reduced-diameter locking upper joint 5a and the reduced-diameter locking lower joint 5b are each circumferentially provided with 4 through holes to slow down the deformation stress. The inner walls of the reduced-diameter locking upper joint 5a and the reduced-diameter locking lower joint 5b are each threadedly connected to the transfer joint 4 to achieve the reduced-diameter function; the outer wall of the spring steel upper joint 6 is provided with a plurality of connecting rings distributed at a certain angle. The connecting rings are bolted to the spring steel upper clip 7a. One end of the spring steel 8 is fixedly connected to the spring steel upper clip 7a through a bolt and an M12 nut 23.

[0049] The lower connection module includes a spring steel lower joint 18 and a spring steel lower clip 7b. The outer wall of the spring steel lower joint 18 is provided with a plurality of connecting rings distributed at a certain angle. The connecting rings are bolted to the spring steel lower clip 7b. One end of the spring steel 8 is fixedly connected to the spring steel lower clip 7 through a bolt; the upper end of the spring steel lower joint 18 is provided with a bolt hole, and the connection with the cable conversion center tube 24 is realized through this bolt hole.

[0050] Preferably, the positions and numbers of the connecting rings on the spring steel upper joint 6 and the spring steel lower joint 18 are the same, and they are used in pairs, one on the upper and one on the lower, to connect both ends of the same spring steel 8 to the transfer module.

[0051] Further, the traction module includes a lifting ring 1 and a lifting ring upper joint 3. The outer wall of the lower end of the lifting ring upper joint 3 is provided with threads and is threadedly connected to the transfer joint 4. The upper end is provided with through threaded holes on both sides and is connected to the lifting ring 1 to achieve the traction function.

[0052] Further, a plurality of electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probes are provided, and the angle circumferential distribution is changed according to the logging requirements to achieve the circumferential full coverage detection of the casing-cement sheath structure of the oil and gas well. According to the determined distribution angle of the ultrasonic probes, the time-domain amplitude information is extracted from the received ultrasonic signals, and the propagation attenuation of the ultrasonic horizontal shear wave can be further calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Among them, A n and A fThey are respectively the Hilbert envelope peaks of the direct waves received at the near and far receiving points; L is the propagation distance between the near and far receiving points; D1 and D2 are respectively the outer diameter and inner diameter of the casing; rad is the radian difference between the near and far receiving points.

[0056] Embodiment

[0057] A cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves of the present invention specifically includes a lifting ring 1, an upper joint of the lifting ring 3, a transfer joint 4, a reducing locking upper joint 5a, a spring steel upper joint 6, a spring steel upper clip 7a, a reducing locking lower joint 5b, a spring steel 8, an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe housing 9, an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe housing cover 10, a roller bracket 11, an arc bearing wheel 13, a spring steel lower joint 18, a spring steel lower clip 7b, a weight joint 21, a central tube 22, and a cable conversion central tube 24.

[0058] Among them, the lifting ring 1 and the upper joint of the lifting ring 3 are connected by an M12 bolt 2, and the upper part of the upper joint of the lifting ring 3 and the transfer joint 4 are connected by a pipe thread. The reducing locking upper joint 5a and the reducing locking lower joint 5b are both connected to the lower part of the transfer joint 4 by threads, and the spring steel upper joint 6 and the transfer joint 4 are in clearance fit through a guide rail. The spring steel 8 is connected to the spring steel upper clip 7a and the spring steel lower clip 7b by M12 bolts 16, the spring steel upper clip 7a and the spring steel upper joint 6 are connected by M8 bolts 19 and M8 nuts 20, and the spring steel lower clip 7b and the spring steel lower joint 18 are connected by M8 bolts 19 and M8 nuts 20.

[0059] The connection methods among the spring steel 8, the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe housing 9, the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave probe housing cover 10, the roller bracket 11, and the arc bearing wheel 13 are all bolt connections.

[0060] The spring steel lower joint 18 and the cable conversion central tube 24 are connected by an M16 bolt 17, and the cable conversion central tube 24 and the weight joint 21 are connected by threads. The central tube 22 is respectively connected to the transfer joint 4 and the cable conversion central tube 24 by threads.

[0061] Further, the spring steel lower joint 18 is fixed by bolts and is a fixing part.

[0062] Further, the spring steel 8 itself has elasticity and can be stretched and compressed within a certain range, enabling the circumferential ultrasonic probe to closely adhere to the inner wall of the casing and providing a supporting function.

[0063] Further, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the variable-diameter locking upper joint 5a, the spring steel upper joint 6, and the variable-diameter locking lower joint 5b are sequentially installed at the lower part of the transfer joint 4. By simultaneously adjusting the positions of the variable-diameter locking upper joint 5a, the spring steel upper joint 6, and the variable-diameter locking lower joint 5b, the detection radius change of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe is realized.

[0064] Furthermore, as Figures 3-4 shown in the figure, connection rings are respectively arranged on the spring steel upper joint 6 and the spring steel lower joint 18 in a circumferential distribution at a certain angle. According to the requirements of specific embodiments, the position of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe can be flexibly adjusted to realize the full-coverage detection of the bonding quality of the oil and gas well casing-cement sheath.

[0065] Furthermore, the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe is encapsulated with high-viscosity and high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin glue, and a thin layer of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant material is cemented at the bottom of the probe.

[0066] Furthermore, a rope is fixed on the lifting ring 1 to realize the ground traction operation of the logging device.

[0067] Furthermore, according to the requirements of specific embodiments, preferably, the mass of the weight joint 21 is changed to realize the function of the logging device descending by its own weight.

[0068] In this embodiment, the working process is as follows:

[0069] Step 1: According to the diameter of the oil and gas well casing to be measured, adjust the positions of the variable-diameter locking upper joint 5a, the spring steel upper joint 6, and the variable-diameter locking lower joint 5b so that the detection radius of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave probe matches the oil and gas well casing to be measured.

[0070] Step 2: According to the detection requirements of the cement sheath of the oil and gas well casing to be measured, determine the installation angle of the ultrasonic probe so that the propagation range of the ultrasonic guided wave completely covers the required detection range, and extend the BNC transfer cable of the probe through the cable conversion center tube 24 and the center tube 22 to the ground and connect it to the ground excitation and reception instrument.

[0071] Step 3: Fix a rope of appropriate length on the lifting ring 1 and fix a weight joint 21 of appropriate mass at the lower end of the cable conversion center tube 24.

[0072] Step 4: After aligning the logging device with the oil and gas well casing to be measured, slowly lower it. Utilize the self-weight of the logging device, the rolling of the arc bearing wheel on the ultrasonic probe on the inner wall of the casing, and the traction of the rope on the lifting ring to realize the axial movement of the entire logging device.

[0073] Step 5: Move the logging device to the area to be measured, use the ground instrument to emit pulses to excite the ultrasonic guided wave, and then the electromagnetic ultrasonic probe receives the signal and transmits it to the ground receiving instrument.

[0074] Step 6: By processing the ultrasonic guided wave signals carrying the bonding information of the oil and gas well casing and the cement sheath, calculate the amplitude attenuation thereof to achieve the detection of the bonding quality of the cement sheath outside the casing.

[0075] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves, characterized in that It includes a transfer module. One end of the transfer module is provided with a traction module, and the other end is provided with a counterweight joint. A variable-diameter support module is arranged on the transfer module. A plurality of ultrasonic transceiver modules are circumferentially arranged on the variable-diameter support module. The connecting wires of the ultrasonic transceiver modules are led out through the transfer module to the ground and connected to ground instruments; the ultrasonic transceiver module includes an electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave guide probe and an axial moving device, and the axial moving device contacts the inner wall of the casing and has a compatible curvature.

2. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable-diameter support module includes a variable-diameter connection module and a plurality of spring steels (8) circumferentially and spacedly connected to the variable-diameter connection module. Both ends of the spring steel (8) are connected to the transfer module through the variable-diameter connection module. One end of the spring steel (8) connected to the transfer module is arranged close to the traction module, and the other end of the spring steel (8) connected to the transfer module is arranged close to the counterweight joint. An ultrasonic transceiver module is arranged in the middle of each spring steel (8), and the middle of the spring steel (8) is not connected to the transfer module.

3. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial moving device includes a roller bracket (11) and an arc bearing wheel (13). The roller bracket (11) is connected to the shell (9) of the electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear wave guide probe, and the arc bearing wheel (13) is arranged on the roller bracket (11) to realize the smooth axial movement of the detection device.

4. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer module includes a transfer joint (4), a cable conversion central tube (24) and a central tube (22). One end of the transfer joint (4) is connected to the traction module, and guide rail grooves are distributed on the outer wall of the other end. The guide rail grooves are used to cooperate with the variable-diameter support module to realize the variable-diameter function; one end of the transfer joint (4) connected to the variable-diameter support module is also connected to the cable conversion central tube (24). The cable conversion central tube (24) is provided with holes for passing the connecting wires of the ultrasonic transceiver modules; the central tube (22) is arranged inside the transfer joint (4) and the cable conversion central tube (24) to extend the connecting wires of the ultrasonic transceiver modules to the ground and connect them to ground instruments.

5. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontally polarized shear waves according to claim 4, wherein One end of the spring steel (8) is connected to the transfer joint (4) through the variable-diameter connection module, and the other end of the spring steel (8) is connected to the cable conversion central tube (24) through the variable-diameter connection module. The ultrasonic transceiver module is arranged in the middle of the spring steel (8).

6. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontally shear guided waves according to claim 2, characterized in that The variable-diameter connection module includes an upper variable-diameter connection module and a lower connection module. Among them, the upper variable-diameter connection module includes a variable-diameter locking upper joint (5a), a variable-diameter locking lower joint (5b), a spring steel upper joint (6), and a spring steel upper clip (7a). Among them, convex grooves are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the spring steel upper joint (6) for cooperating with the transfer module to realize the variable-diameter function; the variable-diameter locking upper joint (5a) and the variable-diameter locking lower joint (5b) are respectively placed at the upper and lower ends of the spring steel upper joint (6) and connected to the transfer module to realize the variable-diameter function; a plurality of connection rings are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the spring steel upper joint (6) for connecting the spring steel upper clip (7a), and the spring steel upper clip (7a) is connected to one end of the spring steel (8); The lower connection module includes a spring steel lower joint (18), a spring steel lower collet (7b). The upper end of the spring steel lower joint (18) is provided with bolt holes for connecting with the transfer module. A plurality of connection rings are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the spring steel lower joint (18) for connecting the spring steel lower collet (7b). The spring steel lower collet (7b) is connected to the other end of the spring steel (8).

7. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of through holes are circumferentially formed on both the variable diameter locking upper joint (5a) and the variable diameter locking lower joint (5b) to relieve deformation stress.

8. The cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction module includes a lifting ring (1) and an upper joint of the lifting ring (3). One end of the upper joint of the lifting ring (3) is connected to the transfer module, and the other end is connected to the lifting ring (1).

9. A method for detecting the cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves, characterized in that, It is carried out by using the cementing quality detection device based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The specific steps are as follows: S1 According to the diameter of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, adjust the position of the variable diameter support module to match the detection radius of the ultrasonic transceiver module with the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured; S2 According to the detection requirements of the cementing layer of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, determine the installation angle of the ultrasonic transceiver module, and lead out the connection line of the ultrasonic transceiver module from the transfer module and connect it to the ground instrument; S3 After connecting the traction module and the counterweight joint to the transfer module to obtain the detection device, place the detection device into the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured. When the detection device moves to the area to be measured of the casing of the oil and gas well to be measured, the ground instrument emits a pulse to excite the ultrasonic guided wave, and then the ultrasonic transceiver module receives the signal and transmits it to the ground instrument; S4 Process the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ground instrument to realize the detection of the bonding quality of the cementing layer outside the casing.

10. A method for detecting the cementing quality based on electromagnetic ultrasonic horizontal shear guided waves according to claim 9, characterized in that In S4, the ultrasonic guided wave signal processing is specifically to extract the time-domain amplitude information from the received ultrasonic signal according to the determined distribution angle of the ultrasonic transceiver module, and calculate the propagation attenuation of the ultrasonic horizontal shear guided wave. The calculation formula is: where A n and A f are the Hilbert envelope peaks of the direct forward waves of the signals at the near and far receiving points respectively; L is the propagation distance between the near and far receiving points; D1 and D2 are the outer diameter and inner diameter of the casing respectively; rad is the radian difference between the near and far receiving points.

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