Motor casing casting equipment with cooling water pipe and casting method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a motor casing casting device with a cooling water pipe and a casting method thereof, wherein the motor casing casting device includes a casting mold and a sand core, the sand core is arranged inside the casting mold along the up-down direction, a casting cavity is formed between the casting mold and the sand core, and the sand core is removed after the casting is completed to form the inner cavity of the casting; a spiral pipe fitting, the spiral pipe fitting is sleeved on the outside of the sand core along the up-down direction and is located in the casting cavity, the spiral pipe fitting is integrally cast in the casting and forms a cooling water pipe; a support assembly, the support assembly is arranged in the casting cavity, the spiral pipe fitting is arranged on the support assembly, and the support assembly is used to fix the spiral pipe fitting and constrain the pitch of any adjacent coils in the spiral pipe fitting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting processes, and in particular to a motor casing casting device with a cooling water pipe and a casting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the forging of motor housings must simultaneously meet the requirements of lightweight, high strength, and efficient heat dissipation. The side walls of the motor housings are usually integrated with spiral or semi-spiral cooling water pipes, which achieve motor temperature control through internal cooling medium circulation. However, the casting process of this structure faces many technical bottlenecks. During the forging process, when the molten metal is poured, the cooling water pipes are generally pre-placed on the outside of the sand core in the forging process of related technologies. Since the cooling water pipes are supported only by their own structure, the impact force of the high-temperature molten metal during pouring can easily cause the spiral water pipes to deform, collapse, or have uneven pitch, thereby causing the geometric structure of the cooling water pipes to lose stability. At the same time, geometric deviations can cause uneven wall thickness of the water channel, reducing sealing.

[0003] Therefore, how to ensure that the spiral cooling water pipe maintains precise spiral geometry and axial spacing during the high-temperature molten metal filling process, thereby simultaneously achieving the integrity of the cooling water pipe structure, has become a technology that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a motor casing casting device with a cooling water pipe and a casting method thereof, so as to ensure that the cooling water pipe of the motor casing maintains a precise spiral geometric shape during the high-temperature molten metal filling process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a motor casing casting equipment with a cooling water pipe, including a casting mold and a sand core, the sand core is arranged inside the casting mold along the up and down directions, and a casting cavity is formed between the casting mold and the sand core, and the sand core is removed after casting is completed to form an inner cavity of the casting; a spiral pipe fitting, the spiral pipe fitting is sleeved on the outside of the sand core along the up and down directions and is located in the casting cavity, the spiral pipe fitting is cast integrally in the casting and forms a cooling water pipe; a support assembly, the support assembly is arranged in the casting cavity, the spiral pipe fitting is arranged on the support assembly, and the support assembly is used to fix the spiral pipe fitting and constrain the pitch of any adjacent coils in the spiral pipe fitting.

[0006] As a preference, the support assembly has multiple groups distributed along the circumferential direction of the spiral tube fitting, each group of the support assembly includes a base and a support plate, the base is arranged on the casting mold, and the support plate is detachably arranged on the base, and a positioning groove matching the number of coils of the spiral tube fitting is provided on the support plate, the spiral tube fitting is suitable for being clamped in the positioning groove to achieve fixation and pitch constraint, and the support plate is integrally cast in the casting.

[0007] As another preferred embodiment, the motor housing casting equipment further comprises a spacer plate, the spacer plate is provided with a limiting groove matching the number of coils of the spiral tube, and the spiral tube is suitable for being clamped in the limiting groove to achieve pitch constraint.

[0008] Further preferably, a snap-in groove is provided on the base, and a snap-in protrusion is provided on the support plate, and the support plate is suitable for being snapped into the snap-in groove through the snap-in protrusion to achieve a detachable connection with the base; and the support plate is suitable for being installed on the base in the up and down directions.

[0009] Further preferably, the casting has a neck, and a molding protrusion extends inwardly from the base, and the molding protrusion is suitable for cooperating with the casting mold to form the neck; the base is detachably arranged on the casting mold.

[0010] Further preferably, the motor housing has an axial hole, and the motor housing casting equipment also includes an exhaust pipe, which is inserted into the sand core and extends upward to the outside of the casting mold. The exhaust pipe passes through the casting to form a process hole, and the process hole is located in the axial hole.

[0011] Preferably, the casting mold adopts a bottom pouring structure, and the casting mold includes an upper mold assembly and a lower mold assembly. The upper mold assembly is provided with a runner, and the runner is connected to a vertical runner extending in the up and down directions. The vertical runner is extended to the lower mold assembly and is divided into a first horizontal runner and a second horizontal runner. The first horizontal runner and the second horizontal runner are respectively connected to the two end nozzles of the casting cavity; a buffer cavity is provided between the vertical runner and the first horizontal runner and the second horizontal runner, and a plurality of side riser cavities are provided on the side of the casting mold, and a top riser cavity is provided on the top.

[0012] Preferably, the present application document also provides a casting method for a motor housing with a cooling water pipe, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a casting mold, a sand core, a spiral pipe fitting, a support assembly and an exhaust pipe; the casting mold comprises a lower mold assembly and an upper mold assembly; S2: placing the sand core at a predetermined position of the lower mold, and inserting the exhaust pipe into the sand core; S3: assembling the spiral pipe fitting and the support assembly, and placing them at a predetermined position of the lower mold assembly; S4: closing the lower mold assembly and the upper mold assembly, and pouring the molten metal into the casting mold for pouring; S5: when the molten metal solidifies to 65%~95%, pulling out the exhaust pipe; S6: after the molten metal is completely solidified, the spiral pipe fitting is cast integrally in the casting and forms a cooling water pipe, the mold is opened and the casting is taken out; S7: processing the casting to form a motor housing.

[0013] Further preferably, the support assembly has multiple groups, each group of support assemblies includes a base and a support plate, the support plate is detachably arranged on the base, the support plate is provided with a positioning groove matching the number of spiral pipe layers, the base is provided with a clamping groove, and the support plate is provided with a clamping protrusion;

[0014] The above step S3 further includes the following steps: S31: align the positioning groove of the support plate with the corresponding ring layer of the spiral pipe fitting for assembly, and place the base at the predetermined position of the lower mold assembly; S32: align the clamping protrusion of the support plate with the clamping groove of the base, and clamp the support plate together with the spiral pipe fitting to the base from top to bottom; in the above step S6, the support plate is cast integrally in the casting, and the casting is taken out together with the base; and the base can be removed from the casting and reused.

[0015] Preferably, in the above step S1, the spiral pipe needs to be preheated and shot peened.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The physical limit of the support component directly controls the pitch between any two adjacent layers of the spiral pipe fitting. This can prevent the spiral pipe fitting from collapsing or becoming unevenly pitched under the impact of high-temperature molten metal during the casting stage, thereby ensuring the geometric accuracy of the cooling water pipe cast into the motor housing and effectively preventing deformation of the pipe body caused by casting impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the motor housing.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the casting mold.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the motor casing casting equipment.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor casing casting equipment after the molten metal solidifies.

[0022] Figure 5 A side cross-sectional view of a casting mold with a sand core placed inside.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a partial structural diagram of the casting and lower mold assembly.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the spiral pipe fitting and the lower mold assembly.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the spiral pipe fitting and the lower die assembly.

[0026] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the spiral pipe fitting and the lower mold assembly from another perspective.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the lower mold assembly.

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the casting structure.

[0029] Figure: 1. Motor housing casting equipment; 2. Casting; 3. Inner cavity; 4. Neck; 5. Motor housing; 6. Shaft hole; 10. Casting mold; 11. Upper mold assembly; 111. Runner gate; 112. Vertical runner; 12. Lower mold assembly; 121. First horizontal runner; 122. Second horizontal runner; 13. Buffer cavity; 20. Sand core; 21. Process hole; 30. Spiral pipe; 40. Support assembly; 41. Base. 411. Snap-fit ​​groove; 412. Molding protrusion; 413. Base fixing groove; 42. Support plate; 421. Positioning groove; 422. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 50. Spacer; 60. Exhaust pipe; 70. Lubricating oil pipe; 81. Top riser cavity; 82. First side riser cavity; 83. Second side riser cavity; 84. Exhaust hole; 85. Top riser; 86. First side riser; 87. Second side riser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that for directional words, such as the terms "center", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and so on, the directions and positional relationships indicated are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0033] The terms "comprises" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, product or apparatus.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, see Figures 1 to 11 The present application document provides a motor housing casting device 1 with a cooling water pipe, comprising a casting mold 10, a sand core 20, the sand core 20 being arranged inside the casting mold 10 in the vertical direction, a casting cavity 2 being formed between the casting mold 10 and the sand core 20, the sand core 20 being removed after casting and forming an inner cavity 3 of the casting 2; a spiral pipe 30, the spiral pipe 30 being sleeved on the outer side of the sand core 20 in the vertical direction and located in the casting cavity 2, the spiral pipe 30 being integrally cast in the casting 2 and forming a cooling water pipe, wherein the specific reference is made to Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the up and down directions in this application document are also along the Z-axis direction in the coordinate axis; the support assembly 40, the support assembly 40 is arranged in the cavity of the casting 2, and the spiral tube 30 is arranged on the support assembly 40, and the support assembly 40 is used to fix the spiral tube 30 and constrain the pitch of any adjacent coils in the spiral tube 30.

[0035] Among them, the motor housing casting equipment 1 in this application document is a sand casting equipment with upper and lower cavities. The casting mold 10 adopts a bottom pouring structure. The molten metal is poured from the bottom of the casting cavity 2 through the first cross runner 121 and the second cross runner 122, that is, the pouring direction is from bottom to top. The molten metal rises steadily in the casting cavity 2, which can effectively avoid the impact of molten metal splashing.

[0036] The casting mold 10 includes an upper mold assembly 11 and a lower mold assembly 12. The upper mold assembly 11 is provided with a runner 111. The runner 111 is connected to a vertical runner 112 extending in the up-down direction. The vertical runner 112 extends to the lower mold assembly 12 and is divided into a first horizontal runner 121 and a second horizontal runner 122. The first horizontal runner 121 and the second horizontal runner 122 are respectively connected to the two end nozzles of the casting cavity 2; a buffer cavity 13 is provided between the vertical runner 112 and the horizontal runner, and a plurality of side riser cavities are provided on the side of the casting mold 10. The preferred casting mold in this application document The side of the tool 10 is provided with a first side riser cavity 82 and a second side riser cavity 83. The first side riser cavity 82 and the second side riser cavity 83 are both provided with exhaust holes 84 for exhaust. A single top riser cavity 81 is provided on the top. The riser cavity is formed by solidification of molten metal to form a riser. Specifically, the top riser cavity 81 forms a top riser 85, the first side riser cavity 82 forms a first side riser 86, and the second side riser cavity 83 forms a second side riser 87. The lower mold assembly 12 is also provided with an exhaust hole 84 for exhaust.

[0037] Specifically, the runner inlet is connected to a vertical runner 112 extending vertically along the direction of gravity. The vertical runner 112 extends to the lower mold assembly 12 and is divided into a first horizontal runner 121 and a second horizontal runner 122. The first horizontal runner 121 and the second horizontal runner 122 are respectively connected to the axial ends of the cavity of the casting 2. A pouring cup is provided at the runner inlet. The vertical runner 112 extends from the top of the upper mold assembly 11 to the lower mold assembly 12 in a vertical direction. When the vertical runner 112 transitions to the first horizontal runner 121 and the second horizontal runner 122, a buffer cavity 13 is defined by the upper mold assembly 11 and the lower mold assembly 12 to provide a certain buffer for the molten metal entering from the vertical runner 112 after it falls to the bottom, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles in the molten metal entering the first horizontal runner 121 and the second horizontal runner 122.

[0038] Furthermore, two evenly spaced gates are provided on the first cross runner 121; two evenly spaced gates are also provided on the second cross runner 122; the four gates are respectively connected to the four axial quadrant areas of the casting 2 cavity, forming a four-way synchronous pouring channel, further improving the pouring speed. At the same time, the synchronous pouring of the four gates enables the molten metal to be smoothly advanced from four directions, greatly reducing the risks of gas entrapment and impurity retention.

[0039] It should also be noted that the internal cavity of the motor housing 5 is formed by the sand core 20, and the spiral pipe fitting 30 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the sand core 20 before pouring, that is, the spiral pipe fitting 30 is located in the mold cavity of the casting 2 before pouring, so that the spiral pipe fitting 30 is fused with the molten metal during pouring, realizing the one-piece molding setting of the spiral pipe fitting 30 and the motor housing 5, ensuring that the spiral pipe fitting 30 evenly surrounds the inner cavity 3 of the motor housing 5 to maximize the heat exchange efficiency.

[0040] As a preference, the support assembly 40 has multiple groups distributed along the circumferential direction of the spiral tube fitting 30, each group of support assemblies 40 includes a base 41 and a support plate 42, the base 41 is arranged on the casting mold 10, and the support plate 42 is detachably arranged on the base 41, wherein the multiple bases 41 are spaced apart along the spiral extension direction of the spiral tube fitting 30, and the installation heights of the multiple bases 41 are different from each other, and increase step by step as the spiral tube fitting 30 rises. Specifically, the multiple support assemblies 40 are regularly arranged along the spiral rising trend of the spiral tube fitting 30 to cooperate with the support plate 42 to form a stepped support structure.

[0041] Specifically, the base 41 protrudes toward the cavity of the casting 2, and the base 41 provides a stable fulcrum for the support plate 42. At the same time, multiple bases 41 correspond to multiple support plates 42, and the multiple support plates 42 are spaced apart along the spiral extension direction of the spiral pipe 30. Similarly, multiple bases 41 are arranged in order and regularly, see Figures 7 to 9 , the plurality of support assemblies 40 can be defined by numbering, with the positive direction of the Y axis toward the negative direction of the Y axis as the reference, that is, Figure 9 From right to left, the first support assembly 40, the second support assembly 40, and the third support assembly 40 are sequentially distributed. The heights of the first support assembly 40 to the third support assembly 40 gradually increase, consistent with the spiral lifting direction of the spiral tube 30. The first support assembly 40, the second support assembly 40, and the third support assembly 40 match the axial climbing trajectory of the spiral tube 30, ensuring that the radial restraining force of the support plate 42 on each side on the spiral tube 30 is evenly distributed. The spacing between the first support assembly 40 and the second support assembly 40 is the same as the spacing between the second support assembly 40 and the third support assembly 40, thereby dividing the spiral tube 30 into multiple stress-bearing zones in the circumferential direction, thereby reducing local stress concentration and significantly improving the impact resistance of the spiral tube 30.

[0042] The support plate 42 is provided with positioning grooves 421 matching the number of coils of the spiral tube 30 . The spiral tube 30 is adapted to be clamped in the positioning grooves 421 to achieve fixation and pitch constraint, and the support plate 42 is integrally cast in the casting 2 .

[0043] See Figures 7 to 9 The support plate 42 is a snap-fit ​​structure, and the spiral pipe fitting 30 has a spiral upward trend. A plurality of positioning grooves 421 arranged at intervals are provided on the support plate 42. The positioning grooves 421 are arranged in a bayonet structure. Any two adjacent circles of the spiral pipe fitting 30 are fixed by the positioning grooves 421, and then the distance between the circles of the spiral pipe fitting 30 is directly controlled by physical limiting, so as to avoid the spiral structure of the spiral pipe fitting 30 from collapsing or uneven pitch under the impact of high-temperature molten metal, thereby ensuring the geometric accuracy of the spiral pipe fitting 30 and preventing the deformation of the water pipe caused by the casting impact.

[0044] As another preferred option, see Figure 3 The motor housing casting device 1 further includes a spacer plate 50, which is provided with a limiting groove matching the number of coils of the spiral tube 30, and the spiral tube 30 is suitable for being clamped in the limiting groove to achieve pitch constraint.

[0045] The spacer 50 is provided separately from the support assembly 40. In this application document, multiple spacer plates 50 may also be provided, and spaced apart along the circumference of the spiral tube 30. The spacer plates 50 only limit the pitch of adjacent layers of the spiral tube 30 and do not provide support for the spiral tube body. Therefore, due to the relatively thin plate-like structure of the spacer plates 50, multiple spacer plates 50 for limiting the pitch can be provided around the spiral tube 30 according to actual working conditions.

[0046] Further preferably, a snap-in groove 411 is provided on the base 41, and a snap-in protrusion 422 is provided on the support plate 42. The support plate 42 is suitable for being snapped into the snap-in groove 411 by the snap-in protrusion 422 to achieve a detachable connection with the base 41; and the support plate 42 is suitable for being installed on the base 41 in the up and down directions, and mechanical locking is achieved by the snap-in protrusion 422 and the snap-in groove 411 on the base 41 to prevent the support plate 42 from being displaced due to vibration during the pouring process, and by plugging in, it is convenient to fix the spiral pipe fitting 30 to the cavity of the casting 2 before pouring, thereby accelerating the efficiency of fixing the spiral pipe fitting 30 single piece.

[0047] The contact surface between the clamping protrusion 422 and the clamping groove 411 is coated with a mold release coating structure to prevent casting adhesion between the clamping groove 411 and the clamping protrusion 422 .

[0048] Further preferably, the casting 2 has a neck 4, and the base 41 extends inwardly to form a molding protrusion 412, which is suitable for cooperating with the casting mold 10 to form the neck 4. When the casting is completed, when the upper mold assembly 11 is opened, the neck 4 and the molding protrusion 412 of the base 41 are mutually limited, thereby improving the stability of the casting 2, reducing shaking and reducing the damage to the casting 2; the base 41 is detachably arranged on the casting mold 10, specifically, the lower mold assembly 12 is provided with a base fixing groove 413, and the end of the base 41 is along the Z The axial direction is connected to the base fixing groove 413 by plugging and interlocking. The base fixing groove 413 is also coated with a release agent or a release coating and other materials. Therefore, during the demolding process of the casting 2, the casting 2 is removed from the casting mold 10 along the positive direction of the Z axis. At this time, the base 41 is separated from the lower mold assembly 12 together with the casting 2, and since the base 41 and the support member are also connected through the snap-fit ​​groove 411 and the snap-fit ​​protrusion 422, in the subsequent processing process, it is only necessary to separate the base 41 from the support member, and the base 41 can be reused.

[0049] Among them, the casting mold 10 includes a lower mold assembly 12 arranged at the bottom and an upper mold assembly 11 arranged at the top. The upper mold assembly 11 is preferably composed of four movable molds in this application document. When the working conditions are different, the lower mold assembly 12 at the bottom can also be a movable mold structure.

[0050] Further preferably, the motor housing 5 has an axial hole 6, and the motor housing casting equipment 1 also includes an exhaust pipe 60, which is inserted into the sand core 20 and extends upward to the outside of the casting mold 10. The exhaust pipe 60 passes through the casting 2 to form a process hole 21, and the process hole 21 is located in the axial hole 6, wherein the axial hole 6 is obtained by later processing on the basis of the process hole 21. At the same time, the sand core 20 provides a positioning function for the exhaust pipe 60 along the Z-axis direction, and the gas in the sand core 20 during the pouring process is discharged through the exhaust pipe 60.

[0051] Preferably, the present application document also provides a casting method for a motor housing 5 with a cooling water pipe, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing a casting mold 10, a sand core 20, a spiral pipe fitting 30, a support assembly 40 and an exhaust pipe 60; the casting mold 10 comprises a lower mold assembly 12 and an upper mold assembly 11; S2: placing the sand core 20 at a predetermined position of the lower mold, and inserting the exhaust pipe 60 into the sand core 20; S3: assembling the spiral pipe fitting 30 and the support assembly 40, and placing them at a predetermined position of the lower mold assembly 12; S4: closing the lower mold assembly 12 and the upper mold assembly 11, and pouring the molten metal into the casting mold 10 for pouring; S5: when the molten metal solidifies to 65%~95%, pulling out the exhaust pipe 60; S6: after the molten metal is completely solidified, the spiral pipe fitting 30 is integrally cast in the casting 2 to form a cooling water pipe, the mold is opened and the casting 2 is taken out; S7: processing the casting 2 to form a motor housing 5.

[0052] Further preferably, the support assembly 40 has multiple groups, each group of support assemblies 40 includes a base 41 and a support plate 42, the support plate 42 can be detachably arranged on the base 41, and a positioning groove 421 matching the number of coils of the spiral tube 30 is provided on the support plate 42, a clamping groove 411 is provided on the base 41, and a clamping protrusion 422 is provided on the support plate 42; the above step S3 further includes the following steps: S31: align the positioning groove 421 of the support plate 42 with the corresponding coil of the spiral tube 30 for assembly, and place the base 41 in a predetermined position of the lower mold assembly 12; S32: align the clamping protrusion 422 of the support plate 42 with the clamping groove 411 of the base 41, and clamp the support plate 42 together with the spiral tube 30 to the base 41 from top to bottom; in the above step S6, the support plate 42 is integrally cast in the casting 2, and the casting 2 is taken out together with the base 41; and the base 41 can be removed from the casting 2 and reused.

[0053] Preferably, in the above step S1, the spiral pipe fitting 30 needs to be preheated and shot peened, wherein the preheating of the spiral pipe fitting 30 is to prevent the spiral pipe fitting 30 from thermal expansion and contraction during the pouring process, thereby avoiding deformation of the spiral pipe fitting 30 during pouring. Preferably, the spiral pipe fitting 30 is preheated continuously at 250 degrees Celsius in a high-temperature furnace for 2 hours. Similarly, a lubricating oil pipe 70 is also provided in the cavity of the casting 2, and the lubricating oil pipe 70 also needs to be preheated, and the preheating conditions are consistent with those of the spiral pipe fitting 30.

[0054] The outer surface of the spiral tube 30 is shot peened. Here, the shot peening treatment of the spiral tube 30 is performed before the molten metal pouring step. After the shot peening treatment, a uniform microscopic rough structure is formed on the outer surface of the spiral tube 30. This rough surface significantly improves the adhesion of the molten metal to optimize the bonding performance between the spiral tube 30 and the molten metal.

[0055] In the early stage of pouring, the high-temperature molten metal contacts the sand core 20, which will cause gas to be generated in the sand core 20, and then the gas in the sand core 20 can be quickly discharged through the exhaust pipe 60. Furthermore, in the middle stage of solidification of the casting 2, the exhaust pipe 60 continues to work until a rigid skeleton is formed on the surface of the casting 2, that is, the main structure of the casting 2 solidifies to 65% to 95%. At this time, pulling out the exhaust pipe 60 can prevent the exhaust pipe 60 from being left in the casting 2.

[0056] Specifically, the exhaust pipe 60 is connected to the sand core 20 in an interference fit to prevent gas leakage from the sand core 20 relative to the exhaust pipe 60. Preferably, the exhaust pipe 60 is inserted into the sand core 20 to a depth of 30-40 mm. At the same time, the exhaust pipe 60 extends vertically to the outside of the top riser cavity 81 to facilitate the discharge of gas generated in the sand core 20 and prevent gas from entering the casting 2 and forming gas holes. The timing of removing the exhaust pipe 60 is determined based on the solidification state of the casting 2. When the casting 2 solidifies to approximately 65% ​​to 95%, the surface of the casting 2 has formed a rigid skeleton while a trace amount of liquid metal still exists inside. At this time, the exhaust pipe 60 is released and gently rotated to be smoothly removed from the sand core 20 along the axial direction. The recovered exhaust pipe 60 can be reused for the next cycle after sand cleaning and coating repair.

[0057] Specifically, it is implemented based on the solidification time threshold of the casting 2, that is, under different working conditions, for example, based on the total solidification time of the casting 2, according to the material and maximum wall thickness of the casting 2, the total time required for the casting 2 to be completely solidified is calculated through solidification simulation software or empirical formula. Then, in the casting process of a motor housing 5, when the total solidification time of the casting 2 is 25 minutes, it is preferred to pull the exhaust pipe 60 out of the sand core 20 22.5 minutes after the pouring is completed to ensure that the subsequent solidification of the casting 2 is not affected.

[0058] Therefore, the process of casting a complete motor casing 5 by using the motor casing casting equipment 1 and its casting method in this application document is described as follows: During the preliminary preparation process, the sand core 20 needs to be molded first, and a sand core 20 of corresponding shape is made according to the inner cavity 3 structure of the motor casing 5. The manufacturing and molding process of the sand core 20 is preferably completed by 3D printing so that it can adapt to the more complex inner cavity 3 structure of the motor casing 5. After the sand core 20 is completed, a coating is applied to the surface of the sand core 20 to enhance the fire resistance and demolding properties. The processed sand core 20 is then placed in the casting mold 10, and the position is adjusted so that the outer wall of the sand core 20 and the inner wall of the casting mold 10 form the casting 2 cavity.

[0059] It should also be noted that a detachable exhaust pipe 60 is pre-buried on the top of the sand core 20 to guide the gas generated during the pouring process and the decomposition gas of the sand core 20 to be discharged in a directional manner. When the surface layer of the casting 2 solidifies to form a rigid skeleton, the exhaust pipe 60 is rotated and pulled out for recycling.

[0060] The surface of the spiral pipe 30 is then shot peened, and high-speed projectiles are applied to the outer surface of the spiral pipe 30 through the equipment to form a uniform micro-rough texture, thereby enhancing its bonding with the molten metal and inducing residual compressive stress on the surface to improve its thermal fatigue resistance. The prefabricated spiral pipe 30 is inserted downward along the mold cavity and fixed by plugging in the support plate 42 connected to the outer wall of the spiral pipe 30 and the clamping groove 411 provided on the base 41, ensuring that the spiral pipe 30 is suspended in the center of the mold cavity and maintains a certain distance from the outer wall of the sand core 20 and the inner wall of the casting mold 10. The casting 2 is made of aluminum, and the spiral pipe 30 is made of stainless steel, so that the melting point of the spiral pipe 30 is higher than that of the casting 2.

[0061] The upper mold assembly 11 and lower mold assembly 12 are closed by a driving device. The molten metal enters the vertical runner 112 from the runner inlet through the pouring cup. A multi-stage buffer structure and ingate control the flow rate. After the molten metal enters the first and second runners 121 and 122, the four dispersed gates smoothly fill the mold cavity of the casting 2 from bottom to top. Feeding riser cavities are provided in the thick-walled area to store high-temperature molten metal. Specifically, a first side riser cavity 82, a second side riser cavity 83, and a top riser cavity 81 are provided to store high-temperature molten metal for feeding.

[0062] Then, in the demolding operation stage of the casting 2, the hydraulic locking force of the casting mold 10 is released, the ejector mechanism is started to separate the casting 2 from the sand core 20, the casting 2 is clamped by a robot and transferred to the vibrating sand-falling table, an arc cutting machine is used to remove the risers and burrs on the casting 2, and the complex curved surface parts are finely trimmed using a CNC milling machine. At the same time, the process hole 21 left by the extension of the exhaust pipe 60 is further processed and expanded to form the shaft hole 6, so as to obtain the finished motor housing 5.

[0063] The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and the specification merely illustrate the principles of the present application. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application for which protection is sought. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A motor casing casting device with a cooling water pipe, characterized in that: include: casting molds; A sand core is disposed inside the casting mold along a vertical direction, forming a casting cavity between the casting mold and the sand core. The sand core is removed after casting is completed to form an inner cavity of the casting; A spiral pipe fitting is sleeved on the outside of the sand core in the up-down direction and is located in the casting cavity. The spiral pipe fitting is integrally cast in the casting and forms a cooling water pipe; A support assembly, the support assembly is arranged in the casting cavity, the spiral pipe is arranged on the support assembly, and the support assembly is used to fix the spiral pipe and constrain the pitch of any adjacent coils in the spiral pipe; The support assembly has multiple groups distributed along the circumferential direction of the spiral pipe, and each group of the support assembly includes a base and a support plate. The base is provided on the casting mold, and the support plate is detachably provided on the base. The support plate is provided with positioning grooves matching the number of coils of the spiral pipe. The spiral pipe is suitable for being clamped in the positioning grooves to achieve fixation and pitch constraint, and the support plate is integrally cast in the casting; The base is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and the support plate is provided with a snap-fit ​​protrusion. The support plate is adapted to be snapped into the snap-fit ​​groove by the snap-fit ​​protrusion to achieve a detachable connection with the base; and the support plate is adapted to be mounted on the base in an up-down direction. The casting has a neck, and a molding protrusion extends inwardly from the base, and the molding protrusion is suitable for cooperating with the casting mold to form the neck; the base is detachably arranged on the casting mold.

2. The motor casing casting equipment with a cooling water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spacer plate, which is provided with a limiting groove that matches the number of coils of the spiral tube, and the spiral tube is suitable for being clamped in the limiting groove to achieve pitch constraint.

3. The motor housing casting equipment with a cooling water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor housing has an axial hole, and the motor housing casting equipment also includes an exhaust pipe, which is inserted into the sand core and extends upward to the outside of the casting mold. The exhaust pipe passes through the casting to form a process hole, and the process hole is located in the axial hole.

4. The motor housing casting equipment with a cooling water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting mold adopts a bottom injection structure, and the casting mold includes an upper mold assembly and a lower mold assembly. The upper mold assembly is provided with a runner, and the runner is connected to a vertical runner extending in the vertical direction. The vertical runner extends to the lower mold assembly and is divided into a first horizontal runner and a second horizontal runner. The first horizontal runner and the second horizontal runner are respectively connected to the two end nozzles of the casting cavity; A buffer cavity is provided between the vertical runner and the first horizontal runner and the second horizontal runner, and a plurality of side riser cavities are provided on the side of the casting mold, and a top riser cavity is provided on the top.

5. A method for casting a motor housing with a cooling water pipe, characterized in that: The casting method is applicable to the motor housing casting device with a cooling water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the casting method comprises the following steps: S1: Prepare the casting mold, sand core, spiral pipe, support assembly and exhaust pipe; the casting mold includes the lower mold assembly and the upper mold assembly; S2: Place the sand core at the predetermined position of the lower mold and insert the exhaust pipe into the sand core; S3: Assemble the spiral pipe fitting and the support assembly and place them at a predetermined position of the lower mold assembly; S4: close the lower mold assembly and the upper mold assembly, and pour the molten metal into the casting mold for pouring; S5: When the molten metal solidifies to 65%~95%, pull out the exhaust pipe; S6: After the molten metal is completely solidified, the spiral pipe is integrally cast into the casting to form a cooling water pipe, the mold is opened and the casting is removed; S7: Processing the casting to form the motor housing.

6. The casting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support assembly has multiple groups, each group of support assemblies includes a base and a support plate, the support plate is detachably arranged on the base, the support plate is provided with a positioning groove matching the number of spiral pipe layers, the base is provided with a clamping groove, and the support plate is provided with a clamping protrusion; The above step S3 further includes the following steps: S31: Align the positioning grooves of the support plate with the corresponding coils of the spiral pipe fitting and assemble, and place the base at a predetermined position of the lower mold assembly; S32: Align the clamping protrusion of the support plate with the clamping groove of the base, and clamp the support plate together with the spiral pipe fitting onto the base from top to bottom; In the above step S6, the support plate is integrally cast in the casting, and the casting is taken out together with the base; and the base can be removed from the casting and reused.

7. The casting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the above step S1, the spiral pipe needs to be preheated and shot peened.

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