High-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with observation hole

Abstract

The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve comprises a valve body and the observation hole, a valve deck is fixedly installed on one side of the valve body, the valve body and the valve deck are both made of 304 stainless steel materials, the valve body is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T shape, the observation hole is formed in the side, away from the three inlets and outlets, of the valve body, and the observation hole is communicated with the valve deck. An observation hole cover is fixedly installed at the upper end of the observation hole, a straight-through ball body is rotationally connected into the valve body, soft and hard sealing mechanisms comprising graphite rings are arranged between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through ball body, an upper valve rod is fixedly connected to one side of the straight-through ball body, the tail end of the upper valve rod penetrates out of the valve cover, and a lower valve rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the straight-through ball body. The tail end of the lower valve rod penetrates out of the valve body and is of a square structure, and a cooling mechanism comprising a water cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the valve body. The clogging condition in the valve body and the carbonization chamber can be checked regularly through the observation hole, clogging can be cleaned by opening the observation hole cover, and the valve body is kept clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of three-way ball valves, and particularly to a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole. Background Art

[0002] During the coal coking process in coke ovens, a lot of waste liquid, waste gas, and waste residue are generated. The treatment of related wastes is a serious burden on coking plants. Therefore, a reforming equipment is designed to conduct the raw coke oven gas generated by coal coking in coke ovens through a three-way reversing valve to reuse the wastewater, waste gas, etc. generated during the coal coking process to generate economic benefits.

[0003] Common three-way reversing valves are divided into L-type and T-type, and the medium can be circulated by switching to connect three different pipelines. However, the working temperature of coke ovens is 700 - 1300 °C, the exhaust gas temperature of raw coke oven gas is very high, and the carbon content in coke ovens is relatively high. Graphite accumulation is likely to occur during the reaction in the carbonization chamber. Conventional three-way reversing valves will become blocked under such extreme working conditions, affecting the normal operation of the actuator. At the same time, high temperature will cause adverse effects such as valve body deformation and seal failure, making it difficult to meet the working requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and propose a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, including a valve body and an observation hole. A valve cover is fixedly installed on one side of the valve body. Both the valve body and the valve cover are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T shape. An observation hole is opened on one side of the valve body away from the three inlets and outlets. An observation hole cover is fixedly installed at the upper end of the observation hole. A straight-through sphere is rotatably connected inside the valve body. A soft and hard sealing mechanism including a graphite ring is provided between each of the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere. One side of the straight-through sphere is fixedly connected to an upper valve stem, and the end of the upper valve stem passes through the valve cover. The other side of the straight-through sphere is fixedly connected to a lower valve stem, and the end of the lower valve stem passes through the valve body. The end of the lower valve stem is a square structure. A cooling mechanism including a water-cooled jacket is provided on the outer wall of the valve body; A water-cooled jacket having the same shape as the outer wall of the valve body but a larger size is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the valve body, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket and the outer wall of the valve body; A spherical valve seat is fixedly installed between each of the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere. The end of the spherical valve seat close to the straight-through sphere is a spherical structure with an annular groove opened, a graphite ring is arranged in the annular groove, the end of the graphite ring close to the straight-through sphere is a disc-shaped spherical structure, and the thickness of the graphite ring is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove and the end of the spherical valve seat.

[0006] Preferably, a fixing bracket is fixedly installed on the upper end cover of the valve cover through a first fixing bolt, and an actuator including a cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the fixing bracket; A cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixing bracket, and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem.

[0007] Preferably, an upper valve stem shaft seal is arranged at the intersection of the upper valve stem and the valve cover, and a lower valve stem shaft seal is arranged at the intersection of the lower valve stem and the valve body.

[0008] Preferably, a packing gland is fixedly installed between the upper valve stem and the side wall of the valve cover. A first sealing ring is arranged on the side wall of the upper valve stem between the packing gland and the upper valve stem shaft seal. A second sealing ring is fixedly installed between the lower valve stem and the side wall of the valve body. A second sealing ring is arranged on the side wall of the lower valve stem between the second sealing ring and the lower valve stem shaft seal.

[0009] Preferably, a circulation inlet is fixedly installed on one side of the water-cooled jacket close to the observation hole. The circulation inlet is communicated with an external circulation water pump. Circulation outlets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the 0-degree position of the valve body of the water-cooled jacket. The two circulation outlets are communicated with an external circulation water pool.

[0010] Preferably, the contact surface between the bottom of the observation hole cover and the observation hole is a wedge-shaped structure. A pressing plate is rotatably connected to the center of the observation hole cover. The bottom of the pressing plate penetrates into the observation hole. A connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressing plate. A thermocouple is arranged at the end of the connecting column. A cleaning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the connecting column.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a connecting rod and a sliding cylinder. The bottom of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through an extension rod. A plugging rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end of the connecting rod. A through groove is opened on the side wall of the observation hole and is communicated with a cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket and the outer wall of the valve body. A sliding cylinder is slidably connected in the through groove. A plugging hole is opened at one end of the sliding cylinder close to the connecting column. The plugging rod is plugged in the plugging hole.

[0012] Preferably, a ball head is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding cylinder away from the connecting column. A stepped sealing structure is symmetrically arranged on one side of the ball head close to the sliding cylinder. The stepped sealing structure is slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity.

[0013] Preferably, two circulation holes are symmetrically arranged on one side of the sliding cylinder close to the ball head. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder. A spring is sleeved between the limiting ring and the side wall of the observation hole. Two circulation outlets are symmetrically arranged on one side of the sliding cylinder of the limiting ring. The circulation holes and the circulation outlets are communicated through a hollow structure inside the sliding cylinder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention is provided with an observation hole. The observation hole is provided for regularly checking the blockage condition inside the valve body and in the carbonization chamber. If serious blockage occurs, the observation hole cover can be opened to clean the blockage, keeping the valve body clean, which can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of raw coal gas. The observation hole and the observation hole cover adopt a wedge-shaped sealing structure to prevent internal smoke from leaking out. And whenever the observation hole cover is opened for silt cleaning, the thermocouple can also be cleaned or replaced incidentally. Compared with some methods of separately opening holes on the main body to install the thermocouple, the installation and replacement are more convenient.

[0015] The present invention is provided with a cooling mechanism. The cooling mechanism is installed with an externally attached water-cooled jacket, so that the cavity formed between the water-cooled jacket and the outer wall of the valve body can be filled with circulating cooling water to cool down the valve body, improving the service life of the valve body and preventing staff from being scalded during maintenance. If the thermocouple monitors a regular linear increase in temperature, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external circulating water pump can be controlled by the external PLC controller to increase the power, so that the flow rate of the circulating water in the water-cooled jacket increases, and then cooling is carried out to meet the use requirements of the valve body in a high-temperature environment. And the externally attached water-cooled jacket does not affect the normal operation of the valve body and the straight-through sphere.

[0016] The present invention is provided with a soft and hard sealing mechanism. A graphite ring with compressibility (compression rate between 10% - 30%) is filled between the contact surfaces of the spherical valve seat and the straight-through sphere to make up for the gap generated by linear expansion, ensuring the sealing effect. The graphite ring and the contact surfaces of the spherical valve seat and the straight-through sphere are set into a disc-shaped spherical structure to ensure full contact with the sphere of the straight-through sphere, making the sealing sufficient and ensuring the smooth rotation of the straight-through sphere, which not only meets the sealing requirements but also enables the straight-through sphere to work normally in a high-temperature environment.

[0017] The present invention is provided with a lower valve stem. The straight-through sphere drives the upper valve stem to rotate through a cylinder to realize angle switching, and then switches to connect three inlets and outlets. The structure style of the lower valve stem exposed outside has a square structure at the end, which can be connected to a manual operating mechanism, facilitating manual assistance in driving in case the upper cylinder driving structure cannot work due to power failure or gas interruption, affecting production, or the internal tar blockage causes the upper cylinder driving mechanism to be unable to drive the valve.

[0018] In the present invention, a cleaning mechanism is provided. In order to reduce the number of silt cleaning operations and extend the working time of the valve body, the cleaning mechanism is connected by a pressing plate. Among them, the thermocouple is electrically connected to an external PLC controller. The thermocouple can monitor the temperature change at the observation hole in real time. When siltation occurs, the temperature monitored by the thermocouple will rise irregularly. The operator can then judge that siltation has occurred. At this time, manual operation can be carried out for cleaning. In actual use, an electric actuator can also be installed outside the pressing plate to perform the cleaning operation remotely. As the continuous working time of the valve body increases, finally the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the siltation is serious and the observation hole needs to be opened for silt cleaning. When the angle of the straight-through sphere is switched by the cylinder so that the 0-degree position of the straight-through sphere is aligned with the observation hole, and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position are connected to the two inlets and outlets, the cleaning mechanism can be used to introduce the circulating cooling water in the water-cooled jacket into the straight-through sphere, so that the circulating cooling water can clean the straight-through sphere. Since the raw coal gas conducted by the valve body itself contains water and has a very high temperature, the small amount of introduced circulating cooling water gradually evaporates after cleaning and is incorporated into the raw coal gas. At the same time, the cleaning time is strictly controlled. Therefore, the small amount of introduced cooling water does not affect the normal progress of the water-gas reaction of the raw coal gas. In actual use, two limit blocks can be provided on the outer wall of the observation hole cover to facilitate the rotation of the pressing plate by a certain degree and prevent the problem of insufficient cleaning caused by over-rotation or under-rotation during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the overall sectional structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention in the A direction; Figure 3 FIG. is a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view of the structure of area B therein; Figure 4 FIG. is a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view of the structure of area C therein; Figure 5 FIG. is a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view of the structure of area D therein; Figure 6 FIG. is a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of the structure of area E therein; Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the sliding cylinder structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention; Figure 8Schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the hard and soft seal mechanism structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the graphite ring structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention; Figure 11 Exploded view of the spherical valve seat and graphite ring structure of a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole proposed by the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, valve body; 2, valve cover; 3, fixing bracket; 4, actuator; 41, cylinder; 5, first fixing bolt; 6, packing gland; 7, first sealing ring; 8, upper valve stem; 81, upper valve stem shaft seal; 9, straight-through sphere; 10, lower valve stem; 101, lower valve stem shaft seal; 11, second sealing ring; 12, second sealing ring; 13, cooling mechanism; 14, water-cooled jacket; 15, circulation inlet; 16, circulation outlet; 17, observation hole; 18, observation hole cover; 19, cleaning mechanism; 20, pressing plate; 21, connecting column; 22, connecting rod; 23, inserting rod; 24, sliding cylinder; 25, inserting hole; 26, spring; 27, ball head; 271, stepped sealing structure; 28, flow hole; 281, flow outlet; 29, hard and soft seal mechanism; 30, spherical valve seat; 31, annular groove; 32, graphite ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Refer to Figure 1 - 11 , a high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, including a valve body 1 and an observation hole 17. A valve cover 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the valve body 1. Both the valve body 1 and the valve cover 2 are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body 1 is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T shape. An observation hole 17 is opened on one side of the valve body 1 away from the three inlets and outlets. An observation hole cover 18 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the observation hole 17. A straight-through sphere 9 is rotatably connected inside the valve body 1. A hard and soft seal mechanism 29 including a graphite ring 32 is provided between each of the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere 9. One side of the straight-through sphere 9 is fixedly connected to an upper valve stem 8, and the end of the upper valve stem 8 passes through the valve cover 2. The other side of the straight-through sphere 9 is fixedly connected to a lower valve stem 10, and the end of the lower valve stem 10 passes through the valve body 1. The end of the lower valve stem 10 is a square structure. A cooling mechanism 13 including a water-cooled jacket 14 is provided on the outer wall of the valve body 1; A water-cooled jacket 14, which has the same shape as the outer wall of the valve body 1 but is larger in size, is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the valve body 1. A cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1; There are three inlets and outlets, and a spherical valve seat 30 is fixedly installed between them and the straight-through sphere 9. One end of the spherical valve seat 30 close to the straight-through sphere 9 is a spherical structure with an annular groove 31. A graphite ring 32 is arranged in the annular groove 31. One end of the graphite ring 32 close to the straight-through sphere 9 is a disc-type spherical structure. The thickness of the graphite ring 32 is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove 31 and the end of the spherical valve seat 30. During the production process of a coal-fired coke oven, a large amount of water-containing raw coke oven gas, which is commonly referred to as flue gas, will be generated due to incomplete combustion. After these water-containing raw coke oven gases are discharged from the coke oven, wastewater is formed, increasing the cost of wastewater treatment. By using the high-temperature three-way ball valve to conduct the raw coke oven gas in the initial stage of coking into the carbonization chamber in the final stage of coking for the water-gas reaction, it is possible to consume the graphite on the surface of the carbonization chamber, reduce the graphite accumulation on the wall of the carbonization chamber, and reduce the intensity of graphite cleaning in the carbonization chamber. The consumption of the raw coke oven gas reduces the generation of wastewater and saves the treatment cost. Moreover, the gas volume generated by the water-gas reaction can also be converted into economic benefits. In order to smoothly conduct the water-containing raw coke oven gas in a high-temperature environment without the valve body 1 being deformed, the 304 stainless steel material is used to replace the cast iron material of the ordinary three-way valve. Therefore, the valve body 1 can maintain stable operation in a high-temperature environment. The three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are distributed in a T shape, namely the 0-degree position, the 180-degree position, and the 90-degree position. That is, the connection of the three inlets and outlets can be switched by rotating the straight-through sphere 9. Since the medium conducted by the valve body 1 is high-temperature water-containing flue gas, blockage is likely to occur during the reaction. As the amount of blockage accumulation increases, the flow rate of the straight-through sphere 9 will decrease and the rotation of the straight-through sphere 9 will be restricted, which will affect the normal operation. Therefore, the observation hole 17 is set to regularly check the blockage situation inside the valve body 1 and the carbonization chamber. If blockage occurs, the observation hole cover 18 can be opened to clean the blockage and keep the valve body 1 clean, which can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of the raw coke oven gas. The observation hole 17 and the observation hole cover 18 adopt a wedge-shaped sealing structure, that is, the contact surfaces between the outer wall of the observation hole 17 and the inner wall of the observation hole cover 18 are all wedge-shaped, which can strengthen the sealing effect and prevent the internal smoke from leaking. The conventional three-way ball valve is sealed by directly abutting the spherical valve seat 30 against the outer wall of the straight-through sphere 9, and the switching of the three inlets and outlets is realized by rotating the straight-through sphere 9. However, when applied to a coke oven, due to the very high temperature of the water-containing raw coke oven gas, as the service time increases, the metal material will undergo linear expansion when heated, resulting in a gap between the straight-through sphere 9 and the spherical valve seat 30, causing the problem of poor sealing. Therefore, a compressible (compression ratio between 10% and 30%) graphite ring 32 is filled between the contact surfaces of the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through sphere 9 to make up for the gap generated by the linear expansion, ensuring the sealing effect. The graphite ring 32 and the contact surfaces of the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through sphere 9 are set as disc-type spherical structures to ensure full contact with the spherical surface of the straight-through sphere 9, so that the graphite ring 32, the spherical valve seat 30, and the straight-through sphere 9 are all sphere-to-sphere, that is, the so-called spherical seal pair structure, ensuring full sealing and the smooth rotation of the straight-through sphere 9. The soft and hard sealing mechanism 29 is used through the cooperation of the spherical valve seat 30 and the graphite ring 32.It not only meets the sealing requirements but also enables the straight-through sphere 9 to operate normally in a high-temperature environment. The straight-through sphere 9 drives the upper valve stem 8 to rotate through the cylinder 41 to achieve angle switching, thereby switching to connect three inlets and outlets. The exposed structural style of the lower valve stem 10 has a square structure at the end, which can be connected to a manual operating mechanism such as a handwheel. This is to facilitate the situation where the upper cylinder 41 driving structure cannot work due to power failure or gas interruption, which may affect production. Therefore, a manual driving device is installed here, which can also prevent the internal tar from clogging and causing the upper cylinder 41 driving mechanism to be unable to drive the valve. So a manual mechanism is added to assist in driving. The cooling mechanism 13 is installed with an externally attached water-cooled jacket 14, so that the cavity formed between the water-cooled jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1 can be cooled for the valve body 1 by injecting circulating cooling water, improving the service life of the valve body 1 and preventing staff from being scalded during maintenance.

[0023] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, a fixing frame 3 is fixedly installed on the upper end cover of the valve cover 2 through the first fixing bolt 5, and an actuator 4 including a cylinder 41 is arranged at the upper end of the fixing frame 3; The side wall of the fixing frame 3 is fixedly installed with a cylinder 41, and the output end of the cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem 8. The actuator 4 is a common existing technology, and the cylinder 41 is controlled by remote control to drive the upper valve stem 8 and the straight-through sphere 9 to rotate, thereby realizing the switching connection of three inlets and outlets.

[0024] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, an upper valve stem shaft seal 81 is arranged at the intersection of the upper valve stem 8 and the valve cover 2, and a lower valve stem shaft seal 101 is arranged at the intersection of the lower valve stem 10 and the valve body 1. The upper valve stem shaft seal 81 and the lower valve stem shaft seal 101 ensure the sealing effect at the intersections of the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 with the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1.

[0025] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, a packing gland 6 is fixedly installed between the side wall of the upper valve stem 8 and the valve cover 2. A first sealing ring 7 is arranged on the side wall of the upper valve stem 8 between the packing gland 6 and the upper valve stem shaft seal 81. A second sealing ring 11 is fixedly installed between the side wall of the lower valve stem 10 and the valve body 1, and a second sealing ring 12 is arranged on the side wall of the lower valve stem 10 between the second sealing ring 11 and the lower valve stem shaft seal 101. The structure pressed by the packing gland 6 is a packing sleeve, and the packing sleeve compresses the first sealing ring 7 for sealing. The same sealing structure exists between the lower valve stem 10 and the valve body 1, which is not described in detail here. The packing gland 6, the first sealing ring 7, the second sealing ring 11 and the second sealing ring 12 can also ensure sealing when the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 rotate, preventing the leakage of high-temperature flue gas inside the valve body 1.

[0026] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a circulation inlet 15 is fixedly installed on one side of the water-cooled jacket 14 close to the observation hole 17. The circulation inlet 15 is communicated with an external circulation water pump. Circulation outlets 16 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the 0-degree position of the valve body 1 in the water-cooled jacket 14, and the two circulation outlets 16 are communicated with an external circulation water tank. The external circulation water pump is frequency-converted and controlled through an external PLC controller, and the output power can be increased or decreased. When the valve body 1 conducts high-temperature flue gas, the temperature of the valve body 1 also increases accordingly. The circulating cooling water in the circulation water tank is transported to the circulation inlet 15 through the external circulation water pump, so that the circulating cooling water fills the water-cooled jacket 14 and then is discharged through the circulation outlet 16 to form a cycle, which can effectively cool the valve body 1 and meet the use requirements of the valve body 1 in a high-temperature environment. Moreover, the externally attached water-cooled jacket 14 does not affect the normal operation of the valve body 1 and the straight-through sphere 9.

[0027] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the contact surface between the bottom of the observation hole cover 18 and the observation hole 17 is a wedge-shaped structure. The center of the observation hole cover 18 is rotatably connected with a pressing plate 20. The bottom of the pressing plate 20 penetrates into the observation hole 17. The bottom end of the pressing plate 20 is fixedly connected with a connecting column 21. A thermocouple is arranged at the end of the connecting column 21. A cleaning mechanism 19 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting column 21. During normal use, silt is removed regularly through the observation hole 17. At this time, the fixing screws of the observation hole cover 18 can be removed first, and then the pressing plate 20 is pulled to remove the observation hole cover 18 for silt removal operation. In order to reduce the number of silt removal times and extend the working time of the valve body 1, the cleaning mechanism 19 is connected through the pressing plate 20. When the angle of the straight-through sphere 9 is switched by the cylinder 41 so that the 0-degree position of the straight-through sphere 9 is aligned with the observation hole 17 and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position communicate with the two inlets and outlets, the cleaning mechanism 19 can be used to introduce the circulating cooling water in the water-cooled jacket 14 into the straight-through sphere 9, so that the circulating cooling water can clean the straight-through sphere 9. The thermocouple is electrically connected to an external PLC controller. Since the valve body 1 conducts the raw gas generated by the coke oven, during the operation of the valve body 1, the temperature of the raw gas is monitored separately and can be viewed in real time. Therefore, the temperature of the raw gas conducted in the valve body 1 can be determined in real time, and the thermocouple can monitor the temperature change at the observation hole 17 in real time. If the temperature rises linearly regularly, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external circulating water pump can be controlled by the external PLC controller to increase the power, so that the flow rate of the circulating water in the water-cooled jacket 14 increases, and then the temperature is reduced. When blockage occurs, the flow of the high-temperature flue gas is blocked, and the heat accumulates in the valve body 1 and cannot flow out. The temperature monitored by the thermocouple will rise irregularly. The operator can judge that blockage has occurred. At this time, manual operation can be carried out for cleaning. In actual use, an electric actuator can also be installed outside the pressing plate 20 to perform the cleaning operation remotely. As the continuous working time of the valve body 1 increases, finally the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the blockage is serious and the observation hole 17 needs to be opened for silt removal. Moreover, the thermocouple is installed on the connecting column 21. Whenever the observation hole 17 is opened for silt removal, the thermocouple can be cleaned or replaced incidentally. Compared with some methods of installing the thermocouple by opening holes on the main body alone, the installation and replacement are more convenient. Since the raw gas conducted by the valve body 1 itself contains water and has a very high temperature, the small amount of introduced circulating cooling water gradually evaporates after cleaning and is incorporated into the raw gas. At the same time, the cleaning time is strictly controlled. Therefore, the small amount of introduced cooling water does not affect the normal progress of the water-gas reaction of the raw gas.

[0028] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism 19 includes a connecting rod 22 and a sliding cylinder 24. The bottom of the connecting column 21 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 22 through an extension rod. The bottom of the end of the connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to a plugging rod 23. A through groove communicating with the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1 is provided on the side wall of the observation hole 17. A sliding cylinder 24 is slidably connected in the through groove. A plugging hole 25 is provided at one end of the sliding cylinder 24 close to the connecting column 21. The plugging rod 23 is plugged in the plugging hole 25. When installing the observation hole cover 18, the plugging rod 23 is synchronously plugged into the plugging hole 25. At this time, the observation hole cover 18 is fixed with bolts, and the plugging rod 23 forms a reliable rotational connection with the sliding cylinder 24.

[0029] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a ball head 27 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding cylinder 24 away from the connecting column 21. Step seal structures 271 are symmetrically provided on one side of the ball head 27 close to the sliding cylinder 24. The step seal structures 271 are slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity. The ball head 27 is located in the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket 14 and the outer wall of the valve body 1. The step seal structure 271 is essentially two stepped grooves symmetrically provided on one side of the ball head 27 close to the sliding cylinder 24. Through the abutment of these two stepped grooves with the inner wall of the cavity and the abutment of the connection section between the ball head 27 and the sliding cylinder 24 with the inner wall of the cavity, the final step seal form is formed. Through the combined action of the ball head 27, the step seal structures 271 and the side wall of the sliding cylinder 24, a seal is formed between the cavity, the through groove and the observation hole 17 to prevent the circulating cooling water from leaking into the valve body 1 during normal operation.

[0030] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, two flow holes 28 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the sliding cylinder 24 close to the ball head 27. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder 24. A spring 26 is sleeved between the limiting ring and the side wall of the observation hole 17. Two flow outlets 281 are symmetrically arranged on the sliding cylinder 24 on one side of the limiting ring. The flow holes 28 and the flow outlets 281 are communicated through the hollow structure inside the sliding cylinder 24. When the valve body 1 is working normally, the pressing plate 20 is parallel to the three inlets and outlets. The spring 26 pushes the limiting ring so that the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 are in contact with the inner wall of the cavity. At this time, it is in a sealed state and the flow holes 28 are hidden in the through groove. Due to the water pressure of the circulating cooling water in the cavity, the ball head 27 always remains in contact with the inner wall of the cavity, and the sealing effect can be guaranteed. The cavity is isolated from the observation hole 17. When cleaning is required, the pressing plate 20 is manually rotated 90 degrees, so that the connecting rod 22 and the plugging rod 23 drive the sliding cylinder 24 to slide along the through groove to overcome the acting forces of the spring 26 and the water pressure, so that the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 are separated from the inner wall of the cavity and the flow holes 28 are separated from the through groove. At this time, the cavity and the observation hole 17 can be communicated through the flow holes 28 and the flow outlets 281, so that the circulating cooling water in the cavity flows into the valve body 1 to clean a small amount of blockage in the straight-through sphere 9. When the cleaning time is sufficient, just reset the pressing plate 20. In actual use, two limiting blocks can be arranged on the outer wall of the observation hole cover 18, which is convenient for the pressing plate 20 to rotate 90 degrees and can also prevent the problem of insufficient cleaning caused by over-rotation or under-rotation during operation.

[0031] When the present invention is in use, the three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are respectively connected to the raw coal gas in the initial stage of coking and the carbonization chamber in the final stage of coking. The upper valve stem shaft seal 81 and the lower valve stem shaft seal 101 ensure the sealing effect at the intersections of the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 with the valve cover 2 and the valve body 1. Similarly, the packing gland 6, the first sealing ring 7, the second sealing ring 11, and the second sealing ring 12 can also ensure sealing when the upper valve stem 8 and the lower valve stem 10 rotate. The external circulating water pump transports the circulating cooling water in the circulating water tank to the circulating inlet 15, so that the circulating cooling water fills the water-cooled jacket 14 and then is discharged through the circulating outlet 16 to form a cycle. If the thermocouple monitors a regular linear increase in temperature, it can be fed back to the external PLC controller and the external circulating water pump is controlled by the external PLC controller to increase power, so that the circulating water flow in the water-cooled jacket 14 increases, and then cooling is carried out. The cylinder 41 is controlled remotely to drive the upper valve stem 8 and the straight-through sphere 9 to rotate, so as to realize the switching connection of the three inlets and outlets to conduct the raw coal gas to realize the water gas reaction. When the straight-through sphere 9 rotates, the graphite ring 32 and the wedge-shaped structure of the contact surface between the spherical valve seat 30 and the straight-through sphere 9 ensure full contact with the spherical surface of the straight-through sphere 9, so that the sealing is sufficient and the smooth rotation of the straight-through sphere 9 is ensured.

[0032] As the conduction time of the raw coke oven gas increases, the temperature of the valve body 1 gradually rises. The retractable graphite ring 32 compensates for the gap generated by the linear expansion between the straight-through sphere 9 and the spherical valve seat 30. During normal use, the valve body 1 can be cleaned regularly. Also, when the thermocouple monitors an irregular increase in temperature, the operator can judge that there is a blockage. At this time, manual operation can be performed for cleaning. By switching the angle of the straight-through sphere 9 through the cylinder 41, the 0-degree position of the straight-through sphere 9 is aligned with the observation hole 17, and the 90-degree position and the 180-degree position communicate with the two inlets and outlets. Or the 180-degree position of the straight-through sphere 9 is aligned with the observation hole 17, and the 0-degree position and the 90-degree position communicate with the two inlets and outlets. The pressing plate 20 is manually rotated 90 degrees, so that the connecting rod 22 and the inserting rod 23 drive the sliding cylinder 24 to slide along the through groove to overcome the acting force of the spring 26, so that the ball head 27 and the stepped sealing structure 271 are separated from the inner wall of the cavity and the flow hole 28 is separated from the through groove. At this time, the cavity and the observation hole 17 can be connected through the flow hole 28 and the flow outlet 281, so that the circulating cooling water in the cavity flows into the valve body 1 and washes the small blockage in the straight-through sphere 9 through the straight-through sphere 9. When the cleaning time is sufficient, the pressing plate 20 can be reset. When the working time accumulates to a sufficient length, finally the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is much higher than the normal temperature. At this time, it can be judged that the blockage is serious and the observation hole 17 needs to be opened to clean the valve body 1. The three inlets and outlets of the valve body 1 are cut off. At this time, the fixing screws of the observation hole cover 18 can be removed first, and then the pressing plate 20 is pulled to remove the observation hole cover 18. At this time, the inserting rod 23 is separated from the inserting hole 25, and the cleaning operation can be carried out. After the cleaning is completed, the observation hole cover 18 is reinstalled with bolts.

[0033] If the upper cylinder 41 driving structure cannot work due to power failure or air supply interruption and affects production, or the internal tar blockage causes the upper cylinder 41 driving mechanism to be unable to drive the valve, a manual operation mechanism such as a valve wrench can be connected to the square structure at the end of the lower valve stem 10 to manually assist in driving the straight-through sphere 9 to achieve temporary operation and ensure the normal progress of the water gas reaction.

[0034] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these changes and modifications.

[0035] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole, comprising a valve body (1) and an observation hole (17), characterized in that: One side of the valve body (1) is fixedly installed with a valve cover (2). Both the valve body (1) and the valve cover (2) are made of 304 stainless steel. The valve body (1) is provided with three inlets and outlets distributed in a T shape. On one side of the valve body (1) away from the three inlets and outlets, an observation hole (17) is provided. An observation hole cover (18) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the observation hole (17). A straight-through sphere (9) is rotatably connected inside the valve body (1). A soft and hard sealing mechanism (29) including a graphite ring (32) is arranged between each of the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere (9). One side of the straight-through sphere (9) is fixedly connected with an upper valve stem (8), and the end of the upper valve stem (8) passes through the valve cover (2). The other side of the straight-through sphere (9) is fixedly connected with a lower valve stem (10), and the end of the lower valve stem (10) passes through the valve body (1). The end of the lower valve stem (10) is of a square structure. A cooling mechanism (13) including a water-cooled jacket (14) is arranged on the outer wall of the valve body (1); A water-cooled jacket (14) having the same shape as but larger dimensions than the outer wall of the valve body (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the valve body (1). A cavity is formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket (14) and the outer wall of the valve body (1); A spherical valve seat (30) is fixedly installed between the three inlets and outlets and the straight-through sphere (9). One end of the spherical valve seat (30) close to the straight-through sphere (9) is a spherical structure provided with an annular groove (31). A graphite ring (32) is arranged in the annular groove (31). One end of the graphite ring (32) close to the straight-through sphere (9) is a disc-shaped spherical structure. The thickness of the graphite ring (32) is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the annular groove (31) and the end of the spherical valve seat (30).

2. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, wherein: A fixing frame (3) is fixedly installed on the upper end cover of the valve cover (2) through a first fixing bolt (5). An actuator (4) including a cylinder (41) is arranged at the upper end of the fixing frame (3); A cylinder (41) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixing frame (3), and the output end of the cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the end of the upper valve stem (8).

3. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper valve stem shaft seal (81) is arranged at the intersection of the upper valve stem (8) and the valve cover (2), and a lower valve stem shaft seal (101) is arranged at the intersection of the lower valve stem (10) and the valve body (1).

4. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: A packing gland (6) is fixedly installed between the upper valve stem (8) and the side wall of the valve cover (2). A first sealing ring (7) is arranged on the side wall of the upper valve stem (8) between the packing gland (6) and the upper valve stem shaft seal (81). A second sealing ring (11) is fixedly installed between the lower valve stem (10) and the side wall of the valve body (1). A second sealing ring (12) is arranged on the side wall of the lower valve stem (10) between the second sealing ring (11) and the lower valve stem shaft seal (101).

5. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulation inlet (15) is fixedly installed on one side of the water-cooled jacket (14) close to the observation hole (17). The circulation inlet (15) is communicated with an external circulation water pump. The water-cooled jacket (14) is symmetrically provided with circulation outlets (16) on both sides of the 0-degree position of the valve body (1). The two circulation outlets (16) are communicated with an external circulation water pool.

6. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the bottom of the observation hole cover (18) and the observation hole (17) is a wedge-shaped structure. A pressing plate (20) is rotatably connected to the center of the observation hole cover (18). The bottom of the pressing plate (20) penetrates into the observation hole (17). A connecting column (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressing plate (20). A thermocouple is arranged at the end of the connecting column (21). A cleaning mechanism (19) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting column (21).

7. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (19) includes a connecting rod (22) and a sliding cylinder (24). The bottom of the connecting column (21) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (22) through an extension rod. A plugging rod (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end of the connecting rod (22). A through groove communicating with the cavity formed between the inner wall of the water-cooled jacket (14) and the outer wall of the valve body (1) is opened on the side wall of the observation hole (17). A sliding cylinder (24) is slidably connected in the through groove. A plugging hole (25) is opened at one end of the sliding cylinder (24) close to the connecting column (21). The plugging rod (23) is plugged in the plugging hole (25).

8. A high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ball head (27) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding cylinder (24) away from the connecting column (21). A stepped sealing structure (271) is symmetrically opened on one side of the ball head (27) close to the sliding cylinder (24). The stepped sealing structure (271) is slidably connected to the end of the through groove on one side of the cavity.

9. The high-temperature three-way reversing ball valve with an observation hole according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two flow holes (28) are symmetrically opened on one side of the sliding cylinder (24) close to the ball head (27). A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding cylinder (24). A spring (26) is sleeved between the limiting ring and the side wall of the observation hole (17). Two flow outlets (281) are symmetrically opened on the sliding cylinder (24) on one side of the limiting ring. The flow holes (28) and the flow outlets (281) are communicated through the hollow structure inside the sliding cylinder (24).

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