Gas distribution system and gas distribution method for shield operation

Abstract

The invention provides a shield operation gas distribution system and method. The shield operation gas distribution system comprises an air storage tank, a first gas distribution row, manual gas distribution equipment, a second gas distribution row, an oxygen busbar, a third gas distribution row, a standby oxygen busbar, a helium busbar, a fourth gas distribution row, a standby helium busbar and a mixed gas tank. Wherein the air storage tank, the first gas distribution row, the second gas distribution row and the mixed gas tank are sequentially communicated through a pipeline; the oxygen busbar and the standby oxygen busbar are respectively communicated with the third branch gas row through pipelines; the helium busbar and the standby helium busbar are respectively communicated with the fourth gas distribution row through pipelines; and the third branch gas row and the fourth branch gas row are respectively communicated with the second branch gas row through pipelines. Based on the system, the operation safety of shield operation personnel can be effectively guaranteed, and the problem that under high pressure, air pressure cabin opening operation cannot be adopted is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of air distribution, and particularly relates to a shield operation air distribution system and an air distribution method. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional tool replacement of a shield machine, most of them adopt the method of replacing tools with compressed air under pressure, that is, the method of entering the cabin by using compressed air for cabin operation. The disadvantages of this method include: the compressed air opening cabin technology is limited to the limit of 6.0 bar; the pressurization and decompression to normal pressure procedures must be carried out for each shift of compressed air operation, and the effective working time for each shift is only 20 - 25 minutes, and the total decompression time is greater than 180 minutes, resulting in low work efficiency and greatly affecting the project progress; the decompression procedure is carried out multiple times a day, and the incidence of decompression sickness is relatively high, endangering the physical health of the operators; the operators breathe compressed air, the density of the breathing gas increases, the breathing resistance increases, and the working ability decreases; the narcotic effect of nitrogen in the compressed air causes the risk awareness and judgment ability of the operators to be severely reduced, and it is easy to cause personal injury accidents. Therefore, reasonable air distribution is particularly important for shield operation.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with the patent publication number CN202868900U discloses an environmental air distribution system, which is applied to a circulating air supply system. The circulating air supply system includes an air supply pipeline communicated with the working environment. The environmental air distribution system includes: an oxygen pipeline, the inlet of which is communicated with an oxygen source and the outlet of which is communicated with the working environment; an oxygen environment detection device, which is arranged in the working environment and is connected to a control device through a data line; a control device, which is connected to a solenoid valve through a control line; a solenoid valve, which is arranged in the oxygen pipeline and controls the opening or closing of the oxygen pipeline according to the instruction of the control device. In the present invention, oxygen is supplemented according to the actual oxygen consumption in the actual working environment in the circulating air supply system, ensuring the oxygen content in the working environment. However, when the above device is actually used, if a certain channel fails, the air supply needs to be stopped for maintenance, so the safety of shield operation personnel cannot be guaranteed, and therefore the device cannot be applied during shield operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a shield operation air distribution device and an air distribution method, aiming to effectively guarantee the operation safety of shield operation personnel and solve the problem that air pressure cannot be used for opening the cabin under high pressure.

[0005] As an aspect of the present invention, a shield operation air distribution system is provided, including: an air storage tank, a first air distribution row, a manual air distribution device, a second air distribution row, an oxygen manifold, a third air distribution row, a spare oxygen manifold, a helium manifold, a fourth air distribution row, a spare helium manifold, and a mixed gas tank;

[0006] Among them, an air storage tank, a first gas distribution row, a second gas distribution row, and a mixed gas tank are connected in sequence through pipelines; an oxygen manifold and a spare oxygen manifold are respectively connected to a third gas distribution row through pipelines; a helium manifold and a spare helium manifold are respectively connected to a fourth gas distribution row through pipelines; the third and fourth gas distribution rows are respectively connected to the second gas distribution row through pipelines.

[0007] A manual gas mixing device is respectively connected to the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows through pipelines; valves are provided on the pipelines between the manual gas mixing device and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows; valves are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row; valves are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row; valves are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, check valves are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row; check valves are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row; check valves are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, the manual gas mixing device includes a control module for controlling the opening and closing of the valves between the manual gas mixing device and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows, and a flow controller for controlling the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium flowing through the manual gas mixing device.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the compressed air storage tank and the first gas distribution row and / or on the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, the oxygen manifold, the spare oxygen manifold, the helium manifold, and the spare helium manifold all include at least one air inlet, and the air inlets can all be opened and closed.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, a flow controller is provided on the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, a flow controller and / or a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the third gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of a gas distribution system for shield operation of the present invention, a flow controller / or a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the fourth gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the gas distribution system for shield tunneling operation of the present invention, the system further includes a gas detection device, which is connected to the mixed gas tank through a pipeline, and a valve is provided on the pipeline.

[0016] As another aspect of the present invention, a gas distribution method for shield tunneling operation is provided. The gas distribution is carried out by using the gas distribution system as described above, and it includes the following steps:

[0017] 1) Obtain the pressure of the working environment, thereby obtaining the total pressure P of the mixed gas, and set the partial pressure P O of oxygen to be 1.4 - 2.0 ATA;

[0018] 2) According to the total pressure P of the mixed gas and the partial pressure P O of oxygen, calculate the sum of the pressures of nitrogen and helium in the mixed gas P N +P He =P - P O , and then combine the formula and P N ≤4 ATA to determine the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium in the mixed gas;

[0019] 3) Calculate the supply ratios of compressed air, oxygen, and helium according to the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium determined in step 2) and the partial pressure of oxygen set in step 1);

[0020] 4) Connect a number of oxygen supply devices to the oxygen manifold and the standby oxygen manifold, and connect a number of helium supply devices to the helium manifold and the standby helium manifold. Open the valves between the air storage tank and the first gas distribution row, between the oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row, between the helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row, and between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row, and at the same time keep the valves between the manual gas distribution equipment and the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows closed;

[0021] 5) Adjust the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium respectively by using the flow controllers between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row according to the supply ratios in step 3), and monitor whether the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row are normal and whether the gas supply of the oxygen manifold and the helium manifold is normal;

[0022] 6) When at least one pipeline between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row has an abnormality, close the valves between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row, open the valves between the manual gas distribution equipment and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows using the manual gas distribution equipment, and adjust the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium using the manual gas distribution equipment according to the gas supply ratio in step 3); when the gas supply from the oxygen manifold and / or the helium manifold is insufficient, close the valve between the oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row and / or the valve between the helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row, and open the valve between the standby oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row and / or the valve between the standby helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row until the gas distribution ends.

[0023] It should be noted that in the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, each component has a through-channel that enables gas to enter from the air inlet and exit from the air outlet.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The system of the present invention effectively avoids the gas supply safety problems caused by pipeline failures of the operating personnel by adopting the method of standby gas supply pipelines, and at the same time ensures the continuity of gas distribution with the help of the standby oxygen manifold and the standby helium manifold;

[0026] 2. The present invention effectively solves the problem that it is impossible to carry out the operation of opening the cabin with air under pressure under high-pressure conditions through reasonable gas distribution, and at the same time ensures the physical comfort and life safety of the operating personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The flow schematic diagram of a gas distribution system for a shield operation of the present invention;

[0028] Wherein, 1 - compressed air storage tank, 2 - first gas distribution row, 3 - manual gas distribution device, 4 - second gas distribution row, 5 - oxygen manifold, 6 - third gas distribution row, 7 - standby oxygen manifold, 8 - helium manifold, 9 - fourth gas distribution row, 10 - standby helium manifold, 11 - mixed gas tank, 12 - valve, 13 - check valve, 14 - flow controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] See Figure 1, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a gas distribution system for shield operation is provided, including:

[0031] An air storage tank 1, a first gas distribution row 2, a manual gas distribution device 3, a second gas distribution row 4, an oxygen manifold 5 (6 openable and closable inlets), a third gas distribution row 6, a spare oxygen manifold 7 (6 openable and closable inlets), a helium manifold 8 (6 openable and closable inlets), a fourth gas distribution row 9, a spare helium manifold 10 (6 openable and closable inlets), and a mixed gas tank 11;

[0032] Among them, the air storage tank 1, the first gas distribution row 2, the second gas distribution row 4, and the mixed gas tank 11 are connected in sequence through pipelines; the oxygen manifold 5 and the spare oxygen manifold 7 are respectively connected to the third gas distribution row 6 through pipelines; the helium manifold 8 and the spare helium manifold 10 are respectively connected to the fourth gas distribution row 9 through pipelines; the third and fourth gas distribution rows are respectively connected to the second gas distribution row 4 through pipelines;

[0033] The manual gas distribution device 2 is respectively connected to the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows through pipelines; valves 12 are provided on the pipelines between the manual gas distribution device 2 and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows; valves 12 are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold 5 and the spare oxygen manifold 7 and the third gas distribution row 6; valves 12 are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold 8 and the spare helium manifold 10 and the fourth gas distribution row 9; valves 12 and flow controllers 14 are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row 4;

[0034] The manual gas distribution device includes a control module for controlling the opening and closing of the valves between the manual gas distribution device and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows, and a flow controller for controlling the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium flowing through the manual gas distribution device. In the specific embodiment, each component has a through-channel that enables gas to enter from the inlet and exit from the outlet.

[0035] A method for gas distribution using the aforementioned gas distribution system includes:

[0036] 1) Obtain that the environmental pressure during operation is 4.0 bar (i.e., the total pressure of the mixed gas is 5 ATA) and the operation time is 105 min, and set the partial pressure P of oxygen in the mixed gas according to the standard of 1.4 - 2.0 ATA O to be 1.6 ATA; O 2) Calculate the sum of the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium P

[0037] +P N +P He = 3.4 ATA according to the total pressure of the mixed gas and the partial pressure of oxygen obtained in step 1), and then combine with the formula and P N≤4 ATA determines the partial pressure P of helium in the mixed gas He <1.58 ATA, and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 1.82 ATA < P N ≤3.4 ATA, and a specific partial pressure value P is further selected within this range He = 1.5 ATA, P N = 1.9 ATA for gas distribution;

[0038] 3) Calculate the supply ratios of compressed air, oxygen, and helium based on the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium determined in step 2) and the partial pressure of oxygen set in step 1);

[0039] 4) Connect 6 oxygen supply devices to the oxygen manifold, connect 6 oxygen supply devices to the standby oxygen manifold, connect 6 helium supply devices to the helium manifold, and connect 6 helium supply devices to the standby helium manifold. Open the valves between the air storage tank and the first gas distribution row, between the oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row, between the helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row, and between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row, while keeping the valves between the manual gas distribution equipment and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows closed;

[0040] 5) Adjust the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium respectively using the flow controllers between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row according to the supply ratios in step 3), and monitor whether the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row are normal and whether the gas supply from the oxygen manifold and the helium manifold is normal;

[0041] 6) When at least one pipeline between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row is abnormal (for example, the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row is blocked), close the valves between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row, open the valves between the manual gas distribution equipment and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows using the manual gas distribution equipment, and adjust the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium using the manual gas distribution equipment according to the supply ratios in step 3); during the gas distribution process, when the gas supply from the oxygen manifold is insufficient, close the valve between the oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row, and open the valve between the standby oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row to ensure continuous and smooth gas supply of oxygen. Similarly, when the gas supply of helium is insufficient, the gas supply of helium can be switched by referring to the switching method of oxygen to ensure continuous and smooth gas supply of helium until the gas distribution is completed.

[0042] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to better ensure the cleanliness of the supplied gas, a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the compressed air storage tank and the first gas distribution row and / or on the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row, a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the third gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row, and a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the fourth gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

[0043] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent gas backflow, check valves 13 are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row; check valves 13 are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold and the standby oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row; check valves 13 are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold and the standby helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row.

[0044] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to detect the accuracy of gas distribution in the gas distribution system, the system further includes a gas detection device, the gas detection device is connected to the mixing gas tank through a pipeline, and a valve is provided on the pipeline. When it is necessary to detect the gas to be distributed, the valve is opened, and the gas flows into the detection device to achieve detection.

[0045] It should be noted that according to the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can fully implement the entire scope of the independent claims and dependent claims of the present invention, and the implementation process and method are the same as those in the above embodiments; and the parts not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the well-known technology in the art. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas distribution system for shield operation, characterized in that, Including: An air storage tank, a first gas distribution row, a manual gas distribution device, a second gas distribution row, an oxygen manifold, a third gas distribution row, a spare oxygen manifold, a helium manifold, a fourth gas distribution row, a spare helium manifold, and a mixed gas tank; Among them, the air storage tank, the first gas distribution row, the second gas distribution row, and the mixed gas tank are connected in sequence through pipelines; the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold are respectively connected to the third gas distribution row through pipelines; the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold are respectively connected to the fourth gas distribution row through pipelines; the third and fourth gas distribution rows are respectively connected to the second gas distribution row through pipelines; The manual gas distribution device is respectively connected to the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows through pipelines; valves are provided on the pipelines between the manual gas distribution device and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows; valves are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row; valves are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row; valves are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row.

2. The air distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manual gas distribution device includes a control module for controlling the opening and closing of the valves between the manual gas distribution device and the first, second, third, and fourth gas distribution rows, and a flow controller for controlling the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium flowing through the manual gas distribution device.

3. The gas distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Check valves are provided on the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row; check valves are provided on the pipelines between the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row; check valves are provided on the pipelines between the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row.

4. The gas distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the compressed air storage tank and the first gas distribution row and / or on the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

5. The air distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The oxygen manifold, the spare oxygen manifold, the helium manifold, and the spare helium manifold each include at least one air inlet.

6. The gas distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A flow controller is provided on the pipeline between the first gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

7. The gas distribution system according to any one of claims 6, characterized in that: A flow controller and / or a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the third gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

8. The gas distribution system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A flow controller / or a filtering device is provided on the pipeline between the fourth gas distribution row and the second gas distribution row.

9. The gas distribution system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The system further includes a gas detection device, which is connected to the mixed gas tank through a pipeline, and a valve is provided on the pipeline.

10. A shield operation gas distribution method, characterized in that: When gas distribution is carried out using the gas distribution system described in claim 8 or 9, the following steps are included: 1) Obtain the pressure of the working environment to get the total pressure P of the mixed gas, and set the partial pressure P O of oxygen to be 1.4 - 2.0 ATA; 2) According to the total pressure P of the mixed gas and the partial pressure P of oxygen O The sum of the pressures of nitrogen and helium in the mixed gas, P, is calculated N +P He =P - P O , and then combined with the formula and P N ≤4ATA to determine the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium in the mixed gas; 3) Calculate the supply ratios of compressed air, oxygen, and helium based on the partial pressures of nitrogen and helium determined in step 2) and the partial pressure of oxygen set in step 1); 4) Connect a number of oxygen supply devices to the oxygen manifold and the spare oxygen manifold, and connect a number of helium supply devices to the helium manifold and the spare helium manifold. Open the valves between the air storage tank and the first gas distribution row, between the oxygen manifold and the third gas distribution row, between the helium manifold and the fourth gas distribution row, and between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows and the second gas distribution row, while keeping the valves between the manual gas distribution device and the first, third, and fourth gas distribution rows closed; 5) Based on the gas supply ratios determined in step 3), the flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium are adjusted using flow controllers between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution lines and the second gas distribution line, respectively. The flow rates of compressed air, oxygen, and helium are monitored, and the pipelines between the first, third, and fourth gas distribution lines and the second gas distribution line are monitored for normal operation, as well as for the normal gas supply to the oxygen bus and the helium bus. 6) When an abnormality occurs in at least one pipeline between the first, third, fourth gas distribution bar and the second gas distribution bar, close the valves between the first, third, fourth gas distribution bar and the second gas distribution bar, use a manual gas distribution device to open the valves between the manual gas distribution device and the first, second, third, fourth gas distribution bar, and use the manual gas distribution device to adjust the flow of compressed air, oxygen and helium according to the gas supply ratio in step 3); when the gas supply of the oxygen bus and / or the helium bus is insufficient, close the valve between the oxygen bus and the third gas distribution bar and / or the valve between the helium bus and the fourth gas distribution bar, and open the valve between the spare oxygen bus and the third gas distribution bar and / or the valve between the spare helium bus and the fourth gas distribution bar until the gas distribution is completed.

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