Aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment, which relates to the field of extrusion molding technology. The equipment includes an extrusion component for extruding aluminum ingots into bottle preforms; a material control component for placing the aluminum ingots in the extrusion position of the extrusion component and delivering the formed bottle preforms; a distribution component for arranging the aluminum ingots in sequence for retrieval by a feeding component; and a conveying component for delivering the formed bottle preforms. The present invention adds distribution and material control components to existing vertical hydraulic molding equipment. During the production process, the aluminum ingots only need to be placed in the distribution component, which then arranges them in sequence. The distribution component then takes the aluminum ingots and places them in the extrusion position of the extrusion component. The extrusion component then extrudes the aluminum ingots into bottle preforms, which are then fixed and removed using the material control component. During this process, the next aluminum ingot is simultaneously placed, thereby achieving automated extrusion molding of aluminum bottle preforms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion molding, and in particular to aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment. Background Art

[0002] Extrusion is a process that applies pressure to a metal blank through a die, causing it to plastically deform and form a specific cross-sectional shape. It is widely used in the manufacture of aluminum products. Based on the relationship between the direction of metal flow and the motion of the punch, extrusion processes can be divided into forward extrusion and reverse extrusion. In forward extrusion, the direction of metal flow aligns with the direction of the punch's motion, resulting in significant friction between the blank and the die wall, which can lead to material waste and die wear. Reverse extrusion, on the other hand, uses the reverse motion of the punch to force the metal flow toward the die opening, significantly reducing frictional resistance. This makes it particularly suitable for the efficient forming of thin-walled, deep-cavity parts, such as aluminum bottle preforms.

[0003] There are two demolding methods in the extrusion process: vertical demolding (i.e., vertical extrusion equipment) and horizontal demolding (i.e., horizontal extrusion equipment). The horizontal demolding method allows the preform to slide down under its own weight after demolding, facilitating integration with automated loading and unloading systems, enabling automated production and significantly improving efficiency. However, in actual processing, the preform's gravity is perpendicular to the extrusion direction, which can easily lead to uneven metal flow front velocity distribution (different flow rates on the top and bottom sides), causing fluctuations in preform wall thickness. Furthermore, friction on the mold's upper surface due to the preform's own weight intensifies, accelerating mold wear and causing varying degrees of wear on the preform's sidewalls. This results in varying preform sidewall thickness, making it unsuitable for the production of high-precision preforms.

[0004] At present, the production process of high-precision bottle blanks usually adopts a vertical demoulding method. The direction of gravity on the blank is consistent with the extrusion direction, which can avoid the metal flow deflection caused by gravity, and the wall thickness of the formed bottle blank is highly uniform. For example, the Chinese patent with the announcement number CN220311645U discloses an aluminum bottle extrusion mold. The technical solution disclosed in the patent document is as follows: "An aluminum bottle extrusion mold includes: a lower template and an upper template, the lower template is provided with an extrusion die, the upper template is provided with an extrusion rod, the extrusion rod and the extrusion die are movably abutted, and further includes: a material removal device, the material removal device is provided with a material removal plate and a pair of screws, the extrusion rod and the material removal plate are movably abutted, and guides are symmetrically penetrated at both ends of the material removal plate. The guide kit located on both sides of the extrusion rod and threadedly connected to the screw is manually screwed to lift or lower The height of the stripper plate is preset and adjusted according to the length of the aluminum bar. Manual operation can more conveniently place the aluminum bar into the extrusion die, or remove the extruded product from the extrusion die after extrusion, without interference with the stripper plate, thereby solving the tedious problem of replacing the stripper device. This setting is not only convenient for manual operation, but also effectively improves work efficiency. In this solution (and other vertical demoulding methods), due to the positional relationship between the upper and lower molds, the blank cannot be directly unloaded under the action of gravity after forming. It needs to rely on manual operation, which is difficult to fully realize full automation. Not only is the work efficiency low, but there are also safety hazards. If a robot is set up to control the material, it needs to meet the requirements of loading and unloading at the same time, which is costly to implement. In addition, the loading and unloading processes require the robot to perform independent actions, resulting in low operating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding device to solve the problem that the extrusion molding device under the vertical demoulding mode needs to rely on manual loading and unloading.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides an aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding device, comprising an extrusion component for extruding aluminum ingots into bottle preforms; a material control component for placing the aluminum ingots at the extrusion position of the extrusion component and delivering the formed bottle preforms; a material distribution component for arranging the aluminum ingots in sequence so that the feeding component can take them; and a conveying component for delivering the formed bottle preforms; the material control component comprises a frame, a servo module is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, a movable part of the servo module is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, one side of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to a transmission box, and both sides of the inner wall of the transmission box are slidably connected to gears. A material control motor is fixedly installed on one side of the transmission box, and the output end of the material control motor extends to the inside of the transmission box and is fixedly connected to a gear. The gear is meshed with the two racks. A strip groove is provided on one side of the transmission box, and a linkage block is fixedly connected to one side of the rack. The linkage block extends to the outside of the transmission box through the strip groove. A feeding structure for placing the aluminum ingot in the extrusion position is installed on one of the linkage blocks, and a unloading structure for sending the formed bottle preforms out is installed on the other linkage block. A flip structure for controlling the rotation of the transmission box is provided on one side of the frame.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a cloth component and a material control component are set to automatically load and unload materials. During the production process, it is only necessary to put the aluminum ingots into the cloth component, arrange the aluminum ingots in sequence using the cloth component, then take the aluminum ingots through the material control component, and place the aluminum ingots in the extrusion position of the extrusion component. The extrusion component is used to extrude the aluminum ingots into bottle preforms, and the material control component is used to fix and remove the bottle preforms. During the process, the next aluminum ingot is placed at the same time (that is, the aluminum ingot placement and bottle preform removal operations are carried out simultaneously), thereby realizing the automatic extrusion molding of aluminum bottle preforms.

[0009] The cam is fixedly provided with a valve core, and the cam is fixedly provided with a valve member connected to the valve body.

[0010] The above technical solution, by aligning the loading and unloading structures on the transmission case, allows the loading structure to move to the position of the conveyor assembly when the loading structure moves to the position for picking up the aluminum ingot. Furthermore, when the loading structure moves to the position for placing the aluminum ingot, the unloading structure moves to the position for receiving the formed preform. These two actions are performed synchronously, thereby improving work efficiency. Specifically, by applying negative pressure to the suction cup, the suction cup can be used to absorb the aluminum ingot for removal. By applying negative pressure to the piston cylinder, the two piston plates can be moved toward each other. The linkage rod then drives the two clamping plates toward each other to clamp the preform.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: two side panels are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the base 401, a screw is rotatably connected between the two side panels that are close to each other, the two screws are fixedly connected at one end that is close to each other, and the outer sides of the screws are threadedly connected to limit blocks, and the limit blocks are slidingly connected to the base 401, and one end of one of the screws passes through the side panel and is fixedly connected to a knob.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a structure for limiting the position of the splint is set up based on pneumatic clamping. By turning the knob in advance for adjustment, the two screws are driven to rotate synchronously (the two screws are symmetrically arranged, and the thread directions of the two are opposite), so that the two limit blocks slide. The limit blocks are in the active path of the slider. The adjusted position can be used as the position of the slider when the splint clamps the bottle preform. In addition, the concave surface of the splint is provided with a compressible soft pad, which can provide flexible clamping through compression during clamping, thereby avoiding damage to the bottle preform.

[0013] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the cloth component includes a material hopper, one side of the material hopper has a notch, and the notch is fixedly connected to a conveyor frame, the inner sides of the conveyor frame are rotatably connected to two transmission rollers, and a belt is connected between the two transmission rollers, and a number of support bars are fixedly connected to the belt at equal intervals, and the support bars are located on the side where the conveying direction is located and are set as an inclined plane, and a discharge trough is provided on the upper part of one side of the conveyor frame, and a guide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the conveyor frame, and the guide rail is connected to the discharge trough, and the end of the guide rail connected to the discharge trough is higher than the end away from the discharge trough, and a material picking trough is provided on one side of the guide rail, and a baffle is hinged between the inner walls of the material picking trough, and a counterweight block is fixedly connected to the baffle, and the length of the counterweight block is greater than the width of the material picking trough, and the bottom of the baffle has a notch, and a driving structure for driving the transmission roller to rotate is installed on one side of the conveyor frame; the top of the conveyor frame is fixedly connected to a material blocking frame.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the material distribution components, the materials that are randomly piled up in the material bin can be arranged in sequence in the material guide rails and wait for material collection.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the driving structure includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to one side of the conveyor frame, one side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a cloth motor, the output end of the cloth motor is fixedly connected to a rotating wheel, one side of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to a shift rod, one side of the fixed plate is rotatably connected to an outer groove wheel, and the outside of the outer groove wheel is equidistantly provided with a number of notches for use with the shift rod, and the center axis of the outer groove wheel is fixedly connected to the center axis of one of the transmission rollers.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving structure is set in the form of a grooved wheel mechanism so that the transmission roller rotates intermittently, and the action mode of the belt is intermittent, so that the aluminum ingots are fed into the guide rail for a period of time when they are stationary, thereby avoiding jamming or falling off. Specifically, by controlling the operation of the cloth motor, the wheel is driven to rotate, and further, the lever is driven to rotate around the center of the wheel, and the outer grooved wheel is periodically driven to rotate through the notch, so that the feeding process is intermittent.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the flipping structure includes a slide rail fixedly connected to one side of the frame, a guide groove is provided on the outside of the slide rail, the middle part of the guide groove is set as a spiral groove, and both ends of the spiral groove are set as straight grooves, and a clearance hole for the slide rail to pass through is opened on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is rotatably connected to a hollow shaft at the position of the clearance hole, and the hollow shaft and the center axis of the transmission box are connected through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt transmission, and a sliding ball is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft, and the sliding ball is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during the loading and unloading process, the mounting plate performs linear motion and drives the hollow shaft to move, and the sliding ball on the inner wall of the hollow shaft slides along the guide groove. When the above movement process occurs in the straight groove part of the guide groove, the hollow shaft does not flip over. When the sliding ball moves to the spiral groove part, the hollow shaft will flip over along with the movement of the hollow shaft and the cooperation between the sliding ball and the spiral groove part, thereby driving the transmission box to rotate through the transmission of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt, thereby realizing the flipping of the transmission box in the loading and unloading path, and the process is based on the drive of the servo module, and no additional power drive is required.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the extrusion component includes a machine table, a guide column, a hydraulic press, a punch and a die, the guide column is fixedly connected to the top of the machine table, the hydraulic press is fixedly connected to the top of the guide column, the movable part of the hydraulic press and the top of the punch are connected by a flange, and there is a gap between the two flanges, an air hole is opened at the top of the punch, the bottom of the air hole extends to the bottom of the punch, the upper part of the air hole is a straight hole, the middle part is a tapered hole with an aperture gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the lower part is a plurality of inclined holes diffusing outward, a one-way valve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the air hole, and the one-way valve only conducts one-way flow from top to bottom, the top of the machine table is fixedly connected to a die used in conjunction with the punch; the fixed part of the hydraulic press is fixedly connected to a demolding frame, and the demolding frame is provided with a through hole with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the bottle preform.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a one-way valve is set in the air hole, and the one-way valve only conducts one-way from the upper end to the lower end of the punch, so that the positive pressure in the lower part of the air hole cannot flow through the air hole to the upper part. If aluminum needs to enter the air hole, it will inevitably be squeezed from the lower part of the air hole to the upper part and generate upward air pressure. Therefore, during the extrusion process, the air pressure inside the air hole will prevent the aluminum from being squeezed in.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] 1. The present invention provides a material distribution component and a material control component to automatically load and unload materials. During the production process, it is only necessary to place the aluminum ingots into the material distribution component, arrange the aluminum ingots in sequence using the material distribution component, then take the aluminum ingots through the material control component and place them in the extrusion position of the extrusion component. The extrusion component is used to extrude the aluminum ingots into bottle preforms, and the material control component is used to fix and remove the bottle preforms. During this process, the next aluminum ingot is placed at the same time, thereby realizing the automatic extrusion molding of aluminum bottle preforms.

[0023] 2. The present invention arranges the loading structure and the unloading structure in a central position on the transmission box. When the loading structure moves to the position for taking the aluminum ingot, the unloading structure moves to the position where the conveying component is located. When the loading structure moves to the position for placing the aluminum ingot, the unloading structure moves to the position where the formed bottle preform is received. The two actions are performed synchronously, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0024] 3. The present invention arranges a cloth component to randomly pile up the ingots in the hopper, and provides rounded corners on the support bar. When the rounded side of the aluminum ingot faces the belt, the rounded corners on the aluminum ingot are placed on the rounded corners of the support bar, so that the ingot cannot be placed stably and will automatically fall off. The side without rounded corners can be placed stably on the support bar, so that the aluminum ingots are arranged in the same posture in the guide rail in sequence waiting for material collection.

[0025] 4. The present invention sets the driving structure in the form of a grooved wheel mechanism so that the transmission roller rotates intermittently and the action mode of the belt is intermittent, so that the aluminum ingots are fed into the guide rail during a period of rest, thereby avoiding jamming or falling off. Specifically, by controlling the operation of the cloth motor, the rotating wheel is driven to rotate, and further, the shifting rod is driven to rotate around the center of the rotating wheel, and the outer grooved wheel is periodically rotated through the notch, so that the feeding process is intermittent, thereby solving the problem of jamming or falling off during the feeding of the aluminum ingots.

[0026] 5. The present invention optimizes the pore structure and sets a one-way valve in the pore. The one-way valve only conducts one-way from the upper end to the lower end of the punch, so that the positive pressure at the lower part of the pore cannot flow to the upper part through the pore. If aluminum needs to enter the pore, it will inevitably be squeezed from the lower part of the pore to the upper part and generate upward air pressure. Therefore, during the extrusion process, the air pressure inside the pore will prevent aluminum from being squeezed in, reducing the appearance of burrs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the present invention as a whole in the feeding structure and material taking state;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the present invention as a whole in the feeding structure and taking material state;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole in the feeding structure discharge state;

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fabric component of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the hollow shaft and the slide rail of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fabric component of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0035] Figure 9 This is one of the structural diagrams of the material control component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is the second structural diagram of the material control component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the blanking structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is the second schematic diagram of the blanking structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the valve body of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve core of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the punch of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support bar and the aluminum ingot of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Extrusion component; 101. Hydraulic press; 102. Guide column; 103. Machine table; 104. Die; 105. Punch; 106. Air hole; 107. Check valve; 108. Demolding frame; 201. Material bin; 202. Conveyor frame; 203. Drive roller; 204. Belt; 205. Support bar; 206. Material guide rail; 207. Material chute; 208. Baffle; 209. Counterweight; 210. Material blocking frame; 301. Machine frame; 302. Servo module; 303. Mounting plate; 304. Transmission box; 305. Material control motor; 306. Gear; 307. Rack; 308. Linkage block; 309. Strip groove; 4. Unloading structure; 401. Base; 402. Piston cylinder; 403. Piston plate; 404. Linkage rod; 405. Slider; 406. Clamp; 407. Sliding rod; 408. Slide groove; 409. Spring; 410. Side plate; 411. Screw; 412. Limit block; 501. Valve body; 502. Control motor; 503. Valve core; 504. First valve hole; 505. Second valve hole; 506. Output pipe 1; 507. Output pipe 2; 508. Input pipe 1; 509. Input pipe 2; 601. Movable plate; 602. Suction cup; 701. Slide rail; 702. Hollow shaft; 703. Guide groove; 704. Sliding ball; 801. Fixed plate; 802. Fabric motor; 803. Rotating wheel; 804. Driving rod; 805. Outer groove pulley; 9. Conveying components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the Figure 1 To the attached Figure 17 The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The present invention provides an aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding device, comprising an extrusion component 1 for extruding aluminum ingots into bottle preforms; further comprising: a material control component for placing the aluminum ingots at the extrusion position of the extrusion component 1 and delivering the formed bottle preforms; a distribution component for arranging the aluminum ingots in sequence so that a feeding component can take them; and a conveying component 9 for delivering the formed bottle preforms.

[0048] The material control component includes a frame 301, a servo module 302 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 301, the movable part of the servo module 302 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 303, one side of the mounting plate 303 is rotatably connected to a transmission box 304, both sides of the inner wall of the transmission box 304 are slidably connected to racks 307, a material control motor 305 is fixedly installed on one side of the transmission box 304, the output end of the material control motor 305 extends to the interior of the transmission box 304 and is fixedly connected to a gear 306, the gear 306 and the two gears The racks 307 are all meshed and connected, a strip groove 309 is provided on one side of the transmission box 304, and a linkage block 308 is fixedly connected to one side of the rack 307. The linkage block 308 extends to the outside of the transmission box 304 through the strip groove 309. One of the linkage blocks 308 is installed with a loading structure for placing the aluminum ingot in the extrusion position, and the other linkage block 308 is installed with a unloading structure 4 for sending the formed bottle preform out. A flip structure for controlling the rotation of the transmission box 304 is provided on one side of the frame 301. Figure 9 The material control component is in the state of taking the aluminum ingot in the loading structure and releasing the bottle preform in the unloading structure 4; Figure 10 The material control component places the aluminum ingot on the loading structure and the unloading structure 4 takes the bottle preform.

[0049] In this embodiment, a feed cloth component and a material control component are additionally provided based on the extrusion molding equipment under the existing vertical demolding mode to perform automatic loading and unloading. During the production process, it is only necessary to place the aluminum ingots into the feed cloth component, arrange the aluminum ingots in sequence using the feed cloth component, and then take the aluminum ingots through the material control component and place the aluminum ingots at the extrusion position of the extrusion component 1. The extrusion component 1 is used to extrude the aluminum ingots into bottle preforms, and the bottle preforms are fixed and taken out using the material control component. During the process, the next aluminum ingot is placed at the same time (that is, the aluminum ingot placement and bottle preform removal operations are performed simultaneously), thereby realizing the automated extrusion molding of aluminum bottle preforms.

[0050] Specifically, the movable end of the servo module 302 can move along a linear path. By controlling the operation of the servo module 302, the mounting plate 303 and the transmission box 304 are driven to move. When the servo module 302 moves to the material-retrieving position, the transmission box 304 is flipped to a horizontal state by the flipping structure. In this state, the loading structure and the unloading structure 4 are at the same horizontal height. The material control motor 305 is controlled to operate, driving the gear 306 to rotate, causing the two racks 307 to move away from each other, and driving the loading structure and the unloading structure 4 to move away from each other. The loading structure contacts the arranged aluminum ingots to pick them up, and the unloading structure 4 extends to the conveying component 9 to deliver the formed bottle preforms.

[0051] Then, the material control motor 305 is controlled to operate so that the loading structure and the unloading structure 4 move toward the side close to each other until they are in the closest position. The servo module 302 drives the mounting plate 303 to move to the loading position (at this time, the extrusion component 1 has completed the extrusion molding of the previous cycle, but the bottle preform has not been completely demolded). During this process, the transmission box 304 is flipped to a vertical state by the flip structure. In this state, the loading structure is located below the unloading structure 4. The material control motor 305 is controlled to operate so that the loading structure descends until the aluminum ingot is placed in the position to be extruded. At the same time, the unloading structure 4 moves to the position where the formed bottle preform is located to take the formed bottle preform. After the operation is completed, the loading structure and the unloading structure 4 are controlled to move toward the side close to each other until they are in the closest position. The above operation is repeated to carry out the next round of material removal operation, and the bottle preform on the unloading structure 4 is released to the conveying component 9 at the same time.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] On the basis of Example 1, preferably, the feeding structure includes a movable plate 601, and the movable plate 601 is fixedly connected to the suction cup 602; the unloading structure 4 includes a base 401, one side of the base 401 is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 402, and two piston plates 403 are symmetrically slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder 402, and two sliding grooves 408 are symmetrically provided on the base 401, the interior of the sliding grooves 408 are fixedly connected to the sliding rods 407, and the exterior of the sliding rods 407 are slidably connected to the sliders 405, the sliders 405 correspond to the piston plates 403 one by one and are fixedly connected with the linkage rod 404, one side of the slider 405 is fixedly connected to the splint 406, the splint 406 is in an arc-shaped structure, and the concave side is fixedly connected to a soft pad, and the exterior of the sliding rod 407 is covered with a spring 409; Figure 12 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, one side of the base 401 is fixedly connected to the valve body 501, and one side of the valve body 501 is fixedly connected to the control motor 502. The output end of the control motor 502 extends to the interior of the valve body 501 and is fixedly connected to the valve core 503. The valve core 503 fits the inner wall of the valve body 501. The valve body 501 is provided with an output tube 1 506 connected to the piston cylinder 402, an output tube 2 507 connected to the suction cup 602, an input tube 1 508 connected to the external air pump and an input tube 2 509 connected to the external environment. Two first valve holes 504 and two second valve holes 505 are provided on the valve core 503. The first valve hole 504 is a straight hole, and the second valve hole 505 is a spiral hole.

[0054] In the traditional operation process, after the extrusion molding is completed, the bottle preform needs to be separated from the punch 105, and then the bottle preform needs to be removed, and then the aluminum ingot needs to be placed into the die 104. This operation is inefficient and directly affects the production efficiency of the bottle preform.

[0055] In this embodiment, by aligning the loading and unloading structures 4 on the transmission case 304, the loading structure can be moved to the position for picking up the aluminum ingot while the unloading structure 4 moves to the position of the conveyor 9. When the loading structure moves to the position for placing the aluminum ingot, the unloading structure 4 moves to the position for receiving the formed bottle preform. These two actions are performed synchronously, thereby improving work efficiency. Specifically, by applying negative pressure to the suction cup 602, the suction cup 602 can be used to absorb the aluminum ingot for removal. By applying negative pressure to the piston cylinder 402, the two piston plates 403 can be moved toward each other. The linkage rod 404 drives the two clamping plates 406 to move toward each other, clamping the bottle preform.

[0056] Based on the above design, the present solution is further provided with a structure capable of switching the direction of air flow, so that the above-mentioned loading and unloading operations can be realized with only one air pump. Specifically, the output pipe 1 506 is connected to the piston cylinder 402, the output pipe 2 507 is connected to the suction cup 602, the input pipe 1 508 is connected to the external air pump, and the input pipe 2 509 is connected to the external environment. The valve core 503 is driven to rotate by controlling the operation of the motor 502. When the two ends of the first valve holes 504 are respectively facing the input pipe 1 508 and the output pipe 2 507, the external air pump is connected to the suction cup 602 through the input pipe 1 508, one of the first valve holes 504 and the output pipe 2 507 in sequence, and the external environment is connected to the piston cylinder 402 through the input pipe 2 509, the other first valve hole 504 and the output pipe 1 506 in sequence, so that the internal pressure of the piston cylinder 402 is released, and the suction cup 602 obtains negative pressure to adsorb the aluminum ingot. In this state, the second valve hole 505 is in a blocked state in the valve body 501.

[0057] When the motor 502 is controlled to drive the valve core 503 to rotate until both ends of the two second valve holes 505 are respectively facing the input pipe 1 508 and the output pipe 2 507, the external air pump is connected to the piston cylinder 402 through the input pipe 1 508, one of the second valve holes 505 and the output pipe 2 507 in sequence, and the external environment is connected to the suction cup 602 through the input pipe 2 509, the other second valve hole 505 and the output pipe 1 506 in sequence, so that the internal pressure of the suction cup 602 is released, releasing the aluminum ingot, and the piston cylinder 402 is subjected to negative pressure, thereby clamping the bottle blank.

[0058] Two side panels 410 are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the base 401, and a screw 411 is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two side panels 410. The adjacent ends of the two screws 411 are fixedly connected, and the outer sides of the screws 411 are threadedly connected to the limit blocks 412. The limit blocks 412 are slidingly connected to the base 401, and one end of one of the screws 411 passes through the side panel 410 and is fixedly connected to a knob.

[0059] During the process of removing and delivering the preform, it is not necessary to over-clamp the preform. Over-clamping the preform can easily cause deformation or damage to the preform. However, the clamping force of the above-mentioned clamping structure driven by negative pressure adsorption is affected by the strength of the negative pressure. If it acts directly on the preform, it can easily cause deformation.

[0060] In this embodiment, a structure for limiting the position of the clamping plate 406 is provided based on pneumatic clamping. By turning the knob in advance for adjustment, the two screws 411 are driven to rotate synchronously (the two screws 411 are symmetrically arranged, and the thread directions of the two are opposite), so that the two limit blocks 412 slide. The limit blocks 412 are in the movable path of the slider 405. The adjusted position can serve as the position of the slider 405 when the clamping plate 406 clamps the bottle preform. In addition, the concave surface of the clamping plate 406 is provided with a compressible soft pad, which can provide flexible clamping through compression during clamping, thereby avoiding damage to the bottle preform.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] On the basis of Example 2, preferably, the cloth component includes a hopper 201, one side of the hopper 201 is provided with a notch, and the notch is fixedly connected to a conveyor frame 202, two transmission rollers 203 are rotatably connected between the inner sides of the conveyor frame 202, a belt 204 is connected between the two transmission rollers 203, a plurality of support bars 205 are fixedly connected to the belt 204 at equal intervals, the support bars 205 are arranged on an inclined surface on the side where the conveying direction is located, a discharge chute is provided on the upper part of one side of the conveyor frame 202, a guide rail 206 is fixedly connected to one side of the conveyor frame 202, the guide rail 206 is connected to the discharge chute, the end of the guide rail 206 connected to the discharge chute is higher than the end away from the discharge chute, and the guide rail 206 is connected to the discharge chute. A material taking trough 207 is provided on one side of the material rail 206, and a baffle 208 is hinged between the inner walls of the material taking trough 207, and a counterweight block 209 is fixedly connected to the baffle 208. The length of the counterweight block 209 is greater than the width of the material taking trough 207. When no material is taken, the baffle 208 can automatically close under the action of the gravity of the counterweight block 209. At the same time, it can only be in a vertical state under the limit baffle 208 of the counterweight block 209 and will not enter the inside of the guide rail 206, avoiding the problem of obstruction of the movement of aluminum ingots. The bottom of the baffle 208 has a notch, and a driving structure for driving the transmission roller 203 to rotate is installed on one side of the conveying frame 202; the top of the conveying frame 202 is fixedly connected to a material blocking frame 210.

[0063] The raw material used to press the preforms is aluminum ingots. The above-mentioned loading structure requires that the aluminum ingots be taken at a specific position and in a specific posture, that is, at the same position with one bottom surface facing the suction cup 602. The manual feeding method is not only inefficient but also difficult to control the feeding position. It is necessary to propose a special feeding structure to arrange the aluminum ingots in advance.

[0064] In this embodiment, by providing a cloth component, the messy and randomly stacked materials in the hopper 201 are driven by the driving structure to drive the transmission roller 203 to rotate, so that the belt 204 works and drives the supporting bar 205 on one side of the hopper 201 to move upward, and the supporting bar 205 on the other side to move downward, and the vertical aluminum ingot is lifted up by the supporting bar 205 until it reaches the discharge chute position. Since one side of the supporting bar 205 for supporting the aluminum ingot is set as an inclined surface, the aluminum ingot will pass through the discharge chute and roll along the guide rail 206 to the lowest position (when there is no aluminum ingot in front). When there is an aluminum ingot at the lowest position in the front, the aluminum ingot that enters later is arranged in the guide rail 206. When the aluminum ingot at the front is taken away (the aluminum ingot is considered to be forward along the moving direction of the guide rail 206), the subsequent aluminum ingot will be replenished; and when the aluminum ingots in the guide rail 206 are full, the subsequent aluminum ingots cannot enter, and will be blocked when being transported to the material blocking rack and fall back into the hopper 201;

[0065] Under normal circumstances, the baffle 208 is in a vertical state due to the action of the counterweight block 209, so that it can block the material trough 207. When the aluminum ingot is delivered to the lowest position of the guide rail 206, the material trough 207 is blocked by the baffle 208 so that the aluminum ingot will not fall out. When taking the material, the suction cup 602 extends through the notch on the baffle 208 and takes the material. During the taking-out process, the baffle 208 will be flipped open at the same time until the aluminum ingot is completely taken out, and the baffle 208 will block the material trough 207 again (the time required for the taking-out process is less than the time required for the second aluminum ingot to slide to the bottom).

[0066] Example 4

[0067] On the basis of Example 3, preferably, the driving structure includes a fixed plate 801 fixedly connected to one side of the conveyor frame 202, one side of the fixed plate 801 is fixedly connected to a cloth motor 802, the output end of the cloth motor 802 is fixedly connected to a rotating wheel 803, one side of the rotating wheel 803 is fixedly connected to a shift rod 804, one side of the fixed plate 801 is rotatably connected to an outer groove wheel 805, the outside of the outer groove wheel 805 is equidistantly provided with a number of notches for use with the shift rod 804, and the center axis of the outer groove wheel 805 is fixedly connected to the center axis of one of the transmission rollers 203.

[0068] The above-mentioned feeding operation of the aluminum ingot is realized by the driving component driving the transmission roller 203 to rotate. If the conventional continuous driving method is used, the aluminum ingot is continuously conveyed while rolling from the support bar 205 to the guide rail 206, so that the aluminum ingot enters the guide rail 206 only when it is at a certain height above the bottom of the guide rail 206. That is, the aluminum ingot continues to rise while rolling into the guide rail 206, which makes it easy for the ingot to fall off or get stuck.

[0069] In this embodiment, the driving structure is set to the form of a grooved wheel mechanism so that the transmission roller 203 rotates intermittently, and the action mode of the belt 204 is intermittent, so that the aluminum ingots are fed into the guide rail 206 during a period of rest, thereby avoiding jamming or falling off. Specifically, by controlling the operation of the cloth motor 802, the rotating wheel 803 is driven to rotate, and further, the driving rod 804 is driven to rotate around the center of the rotating wheel 803, and the outer grooved wheel 805 is periodically driven to rotate through the notch, thereby realizing intermittent feeding process.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] On the basis of Example 4, preferably, the flipping structure includes a slide rail 701 fixedly connected to one side of the frame 301, a guide groove 703 is provided on the outside of the slide rail 701, the middle part of the guide groove 703 is set as a spiral groove, and the two ends of the spiral groove are set as straight grooves, and a clearance hole for the slide rail 701 to pass through is opened on the mounting plate 303, and the mounting plate 303 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 702 at the position of the clearance hole, and the hollow shaft 702 is connected to the central axis of the transmission box 304 through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt transmission, and a sliding ball 704 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft 702, and the sliding ball 704 is slidably connected to the guide groove 703.

[0072] In this embodiment, during the loading and unloading process, the mounting plate 303 performs linear motion and drives the hollow shaft 702 to move. The sliding ball 704 on the inner wall of the hollow shaft 702 slides along the guide groove 703. When the above-mentioned movement process occurs in the straight groove part of the guide groove 703, the hollow shaft 702 does not flip over. When the sliding ball 704 moves to the spiral groove part, the hollow shaft 702 will flip over along with the movement of the hollow shaft 702 and the cooperation between the sliding ball 704 and the spiral groove part, thereby driving the transmission box 304 to rotate through the transmission of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt, so as to realize the flipping of the transmission box 304 in the loading and unloading path, and the process is based on the drive of the servo module 302, and no additional power drive is required.

[0073] Preferably, the extrusion component 1 includes a machine table 103, a guide column 102, a hydraulic press 101, a punch 105 and a die 104. The guide column 102 is fixedly connected to the top of the machine table 103, the hydraulic press 101 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide column 102, the movable part of the hydraulic press 101 and the top of the punch 105 are connected by a flange, and there is a gap between the two flanges to facilitate external air to enter the air hole 106. The top of the punch 105 is provided with an air hole 106, and the bottom of the air hole 106 extends to the bottom of the punch 105. Extending to the bottom of the punch 105, the air hole 106 has a straight hole at the top, a tapered hole with a gradually increasing diameter from top to bottom in the middle, and a plurality of outward-diverging inclined holes at the bottom. A one-way valve 107 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the air hole 106, and the one-way valve 107 only conducts one-way flow from top to bottom. The top of the machine table 103 is fixedly connected to the die 104 used in conjunction with the punch 105; the fixed part of the hydraulic press 101 is fixedly connected to the demoulding frame 108, which has a through hole with a diameter smaller than the outer wall diameter of the bottle body.

[0074] In order to facilitate the separation of the punch 105 from the preform, an air hole 106 is provided at the end of the punch 105 in the actual process to prevent the preform from being sucked by air pressure. However, the provision of the air hole 106 may also cause some aluminum to penetrate into the air hole 106 during the extrusion process.

[0075] In this embodiment, a one-way valve 107 is provided in the air hole 106. The one-way valve 107 is only unidirectionally conducted from the upper end to the lower end of the punch 105. This prevents the positive pressure at the lower portion of the air hole 106 from flowing upward through the air hole 106. If aluminum needs to enter the air hole 106, it will inevitably be squeezed upward through the lower portion of the air hole 106 and generate upward air pressure. Therefore, during the extrusion process, the air pressure inside the air hole 106 will prevent the aluminum from being squeezed in.

[0076] Even with the one-way valve 107 structure, there is still a possibility that aluminum will overcome the air pressure and enter the air hole 106 during the extrusion process. Therefore, the air hole 106 is configured as a hole with a tapered structure in the middle. During the extrusion process, due to the large inlet and small outlet, the aluminum is blocked by surface tension and flow resistance and cannot penetrate deeper. This can be vividly understood as "like inflating a balloon: a small nozzle design (narrow mouth) makes inflation easier; while a wide mouth seal requires a stronger structure (due to greater force), and the wide mouth has a larger area, so greater force is required to cover a larger area to generate the same pressure."

[0077] In addition, the solution also sets the lower part of the pore 106 to diffuse outward from top to bottom, and when the aluminum is extruded, the top itself has less flow and the flow direction is radially outward, which is the same as one of the components of the extension direction of the pore 106, thereby further reducing the entry of aluminum.

[0078] The aluminum bottle preform is prepared by using the above-mentioned aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment, including the following steps:

[0079] S1: Aluminum ingot pretreatment: The disc-shaped aluminum ingot is processed into a preformed blank with a rounded bottom on a press through a stamping and shaping die;

[0080] The traditional process uses cylindrical aluminum ingots with no rounded corners at the right angles. The right angles come into hard contact with the die at the initial stage of extrusion, forming stress concentration points that can easily cause cracks at the bottom corners, reducing the yield rate.

[0081] By pre-treating the aluminum ingot to form rounded corners, the bottom rounded corners of the aluminum ingot and the inlet rounded corners of the die 104 form a geometric nesting effect, so that the billet is automatically centered. The pre-formed rounded corners eliminate the right-angle stress concentration points on the edge of the billet in advance, reducing the metal flow resistance in the early stage of extrusion, thereby reducing the risk of cracking.

[0082] S2: Mold assembly: Place the preform with the rounded corners facing downward into the female mold 104 of the reverse extrusion mold. The working diameter of the male mold 105 matches the inner diameter of the preform, and the bottom diameter of the female mold 104 matches the outer diameter of the preform.

[0083] S3: Gradient extrusion: The punch 105 is pressed downward at a speed of 2 mm / s. The pressure in the initial stage is 80 MPa to complete the bottom forming. The bottle bottom is accurately formed at low pressure to avoid material tearing. The pressure in the middle stage is increased to 250 MPa to form the bottle body. The bottle body is quickly filled with high pressure to improve the density of the material. The pressure in the final stage is reduced to 100 MPa and maintained for 1 second to release residual stress and reduce rebound deformation.

[0084] S4: Dynamic demoulding: The punch 105 is retracted, and the formed preform is blocked by the demoulding frame 108 until it completely falls off the punch 105. The negative pressure is released through the internal air holes 106 of the punch 105, allowing the preform to be removed without damage; the internal air holes 106 (inverted cone + filter) of the punch 105 quickly balance the air pressure, eliminate the vacuum adsorption effect, and reduce the preform demoulding damage rate.

[0085] Preferably, one corner of the inclined surface on the support bar 205 is set to be rounded, and the width of the non-rounded portion of the inclined surface is smaller than the radius of the rounded corner at the bottom of the aluminum ingot.

[0086] Because the forming method in the proposal optimizes the shape of the aluminum ingot, the two ends of the originally symmetrical aluminum ingot (with the center line of the axis as the axis of symmetry) have differences. The loading process needs to be with the side with the rounded corners facing downwards. Therefore, the aluminum ingots must be arranged in the same posture during the laying process.

[0087] In this embodiment, by providing rounded corners on the support bar 205, when the rounded side of the aluminum ingot faces the belt 204, the rounded portion of the aluminum ingot is placed on the rounded portion of the support bar 205, so that it cannot be placed stably and will automatically fall off, while the side without rounded corners can be placed stably on the support bar 205, thereby screening out non-conforming postures.

[0088] The above generally describes the present invention in detail. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding device, comprising an extrusion component (1), used for extruding an aluminum ingot into a bottle preform; characterized in that: Also includes: A material control component for placing the aluminum ingot at the extrusion position of the extrusion component (1) and delivering the formed bottle preform; The material distribution component is used to arrange the aluminum ingots in sequence so that the feeding component can take them; A conveying component (9) for delivering the formed preform; The material control component comprises a frame (301), a servo module (302) is fixedly mounted on the top of the frame (301), a movable portion of the servo module (302) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (303), one side of the mounting plate (303) is rotatably connected to a transmission box (304), both sides of the inner wall of the transmission box (304) are slidably connected to racks (307), a material control motor (305) is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission box (304), an output end of the material control motor (305) extends to the interior of the transmission box (304) and is fixedly connected to a gear (306), and the gear (306) The transmission box (304) is meshed with two racks (307), and a strip groove (309) is provided on one side of the transmission box (304). A linkage block (308) is fixedly connected to one side of the rack (307). The linkage block (308) extends to the outside of the transmission box (304) through the strip groove (309). One of the linkage blocks (308) is installed with a loading structure for placing an aluminum ingot in an extrusion position, and the other linkage block (308) is installed with a unloading structure (4) for delivering a formed bottle preform. A flip structure for controlling the rotation of the transmission box (304) is provided on one side of the frame (301).

2. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding structure comprises a movable plate (601), and a suction cup (602) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (601); The blanking structure (4) includes a base (401), one side of the base (401) is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder (402), the inner wall of the piston cylinder (402) is symmetrically slidably connected to two piston plates (403), the base (401) is symmetrically provided with two sliding grooves (408), the interior of the sliding grooves (408) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (407), the exterior of the sliding rod (407) is slidably connected to a slider (405), the sliders (405) correspond to the piston plates (403) one by one and a linkage rod (404) is fixedly connected between them, one side of the slider (405) is fixedly connected to a splint (406), the splint (406) is in an arc-shaped structure, and a soft pad is fixedly connected to the concave side, and the exterior of the sliding rod (407) is covered with a spring (409); A valve body (501) is fixedly connected to one side of the base (401), and a control motor (502) is fixedly connected to one side of the valve body (501). The output end of the control motor (502) extends to the interior of the valve body (501) and is fixedly connected to a valve core (503). The valve core (503) is fitted with the inner wall of the valve body (501). The valve body (501) is provided with an output tube 1 (506) connected to the piston cylinder (402), an output tube 2 (507) connected to the suction cup (602), an input tube 1 (508) connected to an external air pump, and an input tube 2 (509) connected to the external environment. Two first valve holes (504) and two second valve holes (505) are provided on the valve core (503). The first valve hole (504) is a straight hole, and the second valve hole (505) is a spiral hole.

3. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the base (401) is symmetrically fixedly connected to two side plates (410), and a screw rod (411) is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two side plates (410). The adjacent ends of the two screw rods (411) are fixedly connected, and the outer ends of the screw rods (411) are threadedly connected to a limit block (412). The limit block (412) is slidably connected to the base (401), and one end of one of the screw rods (411) passes through the side plate (410) and is fixedly connected to a knob.

4. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloth component comprises a silo (201), one side of the silo (201) is provided with a notch, and a conveying frame (202) is fixedly connected to the notch, two transmission rollers (203) are rotatably connected between the inner sides of the conveying frame (202), a belt (204) is connected between the two transmission rollers (203), a plurality of support bars (205) are fixedly connected to the belt (204) at equal intervals, the support bars (205) are arranged as an inclined surface on the side where the conveying direction is located, a discharge trough is provided on the upper part of one side of the conveying frame (202), a material guide rail (206) is fixedly connected to one side of the conveying frame (202), and the material guide rail (206) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the conveying frame (202). 6) is connected to the discharge trough, the end of the guide rail (206) connected to the discharge trough is higher than the end away from the discharge trough, a material collection trough (207) is provided on one side of the guide rail (206), a baffle (208) is hinged between the inner walls of the material collection trough (207), a counterweight (209) is fixedly connected to the baffle (208), the length of the counterweight (209) is greater than the width of the material collection trough (207), the bottom of the baffle (208) has a notch, a driving structure for driving the transmission roller (203) to rotate is installed on one side of the conveying frame (202); and a material blocking frame (210) is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying frame (202).

5. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a fixed plate (801) fixedly connected to one side of the conveying frame (202); a cloth motor (802) fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate (801); an output end of the cloth motor (802) fixedly connected to a rotating wheel (803); a shifting rod (804) fixedly connected to one side of the rotating wheel (803); an outer groove wheel (805) rotatably connected to one side of the fixed plate (801); a plurality of notches for use with the shifting rod (804) being equidistantly formed on the outside of the outer groove wheel (805); and a central axis of the outer groove wheel (805) fixedly connected to the central axis of one of the transmission rollers (203).

6. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flip structure comprises a slide rail (701) fixedly connected to one side of the frame (301); a guide groove (703) is provided on the outside of the slide rail (701); the middle portion of the guide groove (703) is configured as a spiral groove, and both ends of the spiral groove are configured as straight grooves; a clearance hole for the slide rail (701) to pass through is provided on the mounting plate (303); the mounting plate (303) is rotatably connected to a hollow shaft (702) at the position where the clearance hole is located; the hollow shaft (702) is connected to the central axis of the transmission box (304) through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt transmission; a sliding ball (704) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft (702); and the sliding ball (704) is slidably connected to the guide groove (703).

7. The aluminum bottle preform extrusion molding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extrusion component (1) includes a machine table (103), a guide column (102), a hydraulic press (101), a punch (105) and a die (104), wherein the guide column (102) is fixedly connected to the top of the machine table (103), and the hydraulic press (101) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide column (102). The movable portion of the hydraulic press (101) and the top of the punch (105) are connected via a flange, and a gap exists between the two flanges. The top of the punch (105) is provided with an air hole (106), and the bottom of the air hole (106) extends to the punch ( The bottom of the machine (105) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the machine (103); the upper part of the air hole (106) is a straight hole, the middle part is a tapered hole with a gradually increasing aperture from top to bottom, and the lower part is a plurality of oblique holes that spread outwards; a one-way valve (107) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the air hole (106); the one-way valve (107) is only unidirectional from top to bottom; the top of the machine (103) is fixedly connected to a die (104) used in conjunction with the punch (105); the fixed part of the hydraulic press (101) is fixedly connected to a demoulding frame (108), and the demoulding frame (108) is provided with a through hole with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the bottle embryo.

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