Helmet lining self-adaptive acquisition device based on multiple potentiometers and customization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a helmet lining self-adaptive acquisition device and customization method based on multiple potentiometers, the helmet lining self-adaptive acquisition device comprises a semicircular detection device, a helmet lining and a detection lining are arranged in the detection device, the detection lining comprises an uncompressed detection lining and a worn detection lining, and the detection lining comprises an uncompressed detection lining and a worn detection lining. A plurality of distance measuring units are arranged at the position, located on the top of the head, of the detection device, the distance measuring units are arranged in a unit array with a certain density, each distance measuring unit comprises a telescopic part and a fixed part, the telescopic parts are arranged on the inner side of the detection device, and the fixed parts are fixed to the outer surface of the detection device. And the distance measuring unit is used for measuring the retraction distance of the telescopic part. The pressure distribution of the head is sensed in real time through a mechanical-electrical composite distance measuring unit array, a customized lining model is generated in combination with a dynamic deformation mapping algorithm, and precise fitting of the helmet and the head is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sports protective equipment manufacturing, and relates to a helmet lining adaptive acquisition device based on a multi-potentiometer and a customization method. Background Art

[0002] For helmet-wearing athletes in many sports, other considerations, in addition to the safety aspects of protective helmets, may include helmet fit and helmet breathability. Conventional helmet manufacturing technology assumes that all heads are similar and that head circumference is the most important consideration in selecting the right helmet, thus designing a safety helmet system. Standard helmets are then adjusted by adding padding of varying thicknesses to the space between the customer's head and the inner surface of the helmet. However, this assumption has led to helmets that: do not fit the head properly; tend to slide on the customer's head; creak on the customer's head when the customer's body vibrates during physical activity; and create pressure points on the customer's head and face to keep the helmet in place even when the padding does not fit the customer's head properly or because the customer's head is too large to provide padding between the head and the protective material of the helmet.

[0003] Existing helmet lining technology has the following main limitations:

[0004] (1) Insufficient static fit and adaptability: Traditional liners mostly use fixed foam or modular design, which cannot adapt to the subtle geometric differences of individual heads.

[0005] (2) Deficiencies in sensing technology accuracy and stability: Existing pressure sensing solutions (such as piezoresistive sensors) are susceptible to temperature and humidity interference and require complex calibration processes.

[0006] Complex structure and production inefficiency: Some technologies use multi-module integration, resulting in structural redundancy and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a helmet lining adaptive acquisition device and customization method based on multiple potentiometers, which uses a mechanical-electrical composite ranging unit array to sense the head pressure distribution in real time, and combines it with a dynamic deformation mapping algorithm to generate a customized lining model to achieve precise fitting of the helmet to the head.

[0008] The technical solutions for achieving the purpose of the present invention are:

[0009] A multi-potentiometer-based adaptive data acquisition device for a helmet liner includes a semicircular detection device, wherein a helmet liner and a detection liner are arranged in the detection device. The detection liner includes an uncompressed detection liner and a worn detection liner. The detection device is located on the top of the head and is provided with a plurality of ranging units. The ranging units are arranged in a unit array with a certain density. The ranging units include a telescopic part and a fixed part. The telescopic part is arranged on the inside of the detection device, and the fixed part is fixed to the outer surface of the detection device. The ranging units are used to measure the retraction distance of the telescopic part.

[0010] In the preferred technical solution, the fixed part includes a shell fixing cover, a potentiometer and a potentiometer slide are arranged in the shell fixing cover, the potentiometer slide is slidably connected to the potentiometer, and the contact between the potentiometer and the potentiometer is changed by sliding the potentiometer slide, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the potentiometer, the telescopic part includes a spring and a head contact piece, the head contact piece is connected to the potentiometer slide through a transmission link, the bottom of the spring is connected to the head contact piece, and the top is connected to the support base, the support base is arranged at the bottom of the shell fixing cover, and is used to be fixed to the outer surface of the detection device.

[0011] In a preferred technical solution, the distance measuring unit is connected to the processing unit via an ADC module, and the multiple potentiometers are divided into a matrix to obtain a spring retraction distance matrix of the i-th row and j-th column.

[0012] In a preferred technical solution, the inner contour surface of the detection lining is tangent to the head contact piece of the ranging unit, the detection lining of the detection device is aligned with the center of the helmet lining, and the helmet lining is slightly larger than the detection lining.

[0013] The present invention discloses a method for customizing a helmet liner, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S01: using the multi-potentiometer-based helmet lining adaptive acquisition device to collect voltage information at various positions on the head, calculating the displacement of the head contact piece, obtaining a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram, and converting the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram into a thermal map;

[0015] S02: Subdivide the detection lining surface into multiple facets, map the heat map onto the detection lining, and use smooth surface deformation to make the detection point indent the corresponding distance, while also causing the surrounding surfaces to smoothly indent;

[0016] S03: The worn detection lining is combined with the helmet lining to obtain a customized helmet lining.

[0017] In a preferred technical solution, the method for obtaining the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram in step S01 includes:

[0018] Calculate the displacement d of the head contact piece:

[0019]

[0020] Where d is the distance the spring is compressed, D is the maximum distance the potentiometer slider can move, and V max The maximum voltage that can be read when the potentiometer slider is at the bottom, V min is the readable voltage when the potentiometer slider is at the top, V c is the current voltage value of the potentiometer;

[0021] The multi-potentiometer is divided into a matrix to obtain the spring retraction distance matrix of the i-th row and j-th column, and further obtain a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram.

[0022] In the preferred technical solution, step S03 of merging the worn detection liner with the helmet liner includes:

[0023] S31: Define the helmet lining model as A, the uncompressed detection lining model as B, and the detection lining model after wearing as C, align the helmet lining model A with the uncompressed detection lining model B, calculate A′=AA∩B, and obtain the helmet lining model A' to be spliced;

[0024] S32: Align the outer contours of the uncompressed detection liner model B and the worn detection liner model C, calculate B′=B∩C, and obtain the detection liner model B′ to be spliced;

[0025] S33: Overlap the outer edge of the detection lining model B' to be spliced and the inner edge of the helmet lining model A' to be spliced, and directly merge them to obtain a complete lining C'=A'∪B'.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0027] Based on multiple potentiometers, a ranging unit that integrates mechanics and electricity is used. The mechanical-electrical composite ranging unit array senses the head pressure distribution in real time, and combines the dynamic deformation mapping algorithm to generate a customized lining model, thereby achieving precise fit between the helmet and the head and realizing helmet customization.

[0028] The acquisition device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, fast measurement and model generation speed, and no need for complex calibration while meeting accuracy requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the helmet lining adaptive data acquisition device based on multiple potentiometers in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the distance measuring unit structure of this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the distance measuring unit of this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of circuit connection of this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram when the helmet is not worn in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram when wearing a helmet according to this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 This is the heat map of the embodiment when wearing a helmet;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of smooth curved surface deformation of this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of obtaining a helmet lining A' to be spliced in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of obtaining the detection lining B' to be spliced in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of obtaining a customized helmet liner in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The principle of this invention is: to perceive the head pressure distribution in real time through the mechanical-electrical composite ranging unit array, and to generate a customized lining model in combination with the dynamic deformation mapping algorithm to achieve precise fit between the helmet and the head.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a helmet lining adaptive acquisition device based on a multi-potentiometer includes a semicircular detection device 10. The detection device 10 is provided with a helmet lining and a detection lining. The detection lining includes an uncompressed detection lining and a detection lining after being worn. The detection device 10 is located on the top of the head and is provided with a plurality of ranging units 20. The ranging units 20 are arranged in a unit array with a certain density. The ranging units 20 include a telescopic part 21 and a fixed part 22. The telescopic part 21 is provided on the inner side of the detection device 10, and the fixed part 22 is fixed to the outer surface of the detection device 10. The ranging unit 20 is used to measure the retraction distance of the telescopic part 21.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 2 、 3As shown, the fixed part 22 includes a shell fixing cover 221, and a potentiometer 222 and a potentiometer slide 223 are arranged in the shell fixing cover 221. The potentiometer slide 223 is slidably connected to the potentiometer 222. The contact point between the potentiometer slide 223 and the potentiometer is changed by sliding the potentiometer slide 223, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the potentiometer. The telescopic part 21 includes a spring 211 and a head contact piece 212. The head contact piece 212 is connected to the potentiometer slide 223 through a transmission link 213. The bottom of the spring 211 is connected to the head contact piece 212, and the top is connected to the support base 224. The support base 224 is arranged at the bottom of the shell fixing cover 221 for being fixed to the outer surface of the detection device 10. The top of the shell fixing cover 221 is provided with a power and data line 225.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 3 The distance measurement unit 20 shown is connected to the processing unit via an ADC module. Multiple potentiometers are divided into a matrix, resulting in a spring retraction distance matrix with row i and column j. When the head compresses the spring, the head contact piece at the bottom of the spring drives the connected transmission link, causing the potentiometer slider at the top of the link to slide, changing its contact point with the potentiometer, thereby adjusting the potentiometer's resistance value. This causes the voltage in the circuit to change, and the voltage value is ultimately transmitted through the data line.

[0045] The multi-potentiometer connection method is that the processing unit MCU is connected to multiple ADC (analog to digital signal) acquisition modules, and each ADC module is connected to multiple potentiometers through the power supply and data line 225. Figure 4 As shown, in the ADC Group, the MCU processing unit is connected to multiple ADCs. In the Sensor Group, each ADC acquisition module is connected to multiple potentiometers Sensor ( Figure 4 ), the potentiometers are all powered by a unified voltage source, and the voltage reading port, Value, is connected to the ADC's acquisition pin. Depending on the ADC module selected, one ADC module can generally connect to 4, 8, or 16 sensor pins.

[0046] The distance measuring units are arranged in a dense array and combined with the detection device. The support base at the top of the spring is fixed to the outer shell, and the fixing surface is tangent to the outer surface of the detection device. When the detection device is not worn, the distance measuring unit spring is at its maximum extension, and the inner contour of the detection liner is tangent to the head contact patch of the distance measuring unit. The detection liner of the detection device is aligned with the center of the helmet liner. Typically, the helmet liner is slightly larger than the detection liner.

[0047] In another embodiment, a method for customizing a helmet liner includes the following steps:

[0048] S01: using the multi-potentiometer-based helmet lining adaptive acquisition device to collect voltage information at various positions on the head, calculating the displacement of the head contact piece, obtaining a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram, and converting the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram into a thermal map;

[0049] S02: Subdivide the detection lining surface into multiple facets, map the heat map onto the detection lining, and use smooth surface deformation to make the detection point indent the corresponding distance, while also causing the surrounding surfaces to smoothly indent;

[0050] S03: The worn detection lining is combined with the helmet lining to obtain a customized helmet lining.

[0051] The method for obtaining the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram in step S01 includes:

[0052] Calculate the displacement d of the head contact piece:

[0053]

[0054] Where d is the distance the spring is compressed, D is the maximum distance the potentiometer slider can move, and V max The maximum voltage that can be read when the potentiometer slider is at the bottom, V min is the readable voltage when the potentiometer slider is at the top, V c is the current voltage value of the potentiometer;

[0055] The multi-potentiometer is divided into a matrix to obtain the spring retraction distance matrix of the i-th row and j-th column, and further obtain a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram.

[0056] When the detection device is not worn, the spring is stretched to the maximum, the potentiometer slider is at the bottom, and V c =V max , at this time the compression distance d=0, the collected data is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0057] When the user wears the detection device, the spring is squeezed to different degrees. When the potentiometer slider is in different positions, the displacement of the head contact piece can be calculated by collecting the voltage at each position of the head, and a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram can be obtained, such as Figure 6 As shown. Convert the graph into a heat map. Figure 7 As shown, the ears and the back of the head are more prominent. Therefore, places with greater pressure represent greater displacement. The corresponding positions of the customized helmet lining should become thinner to better fit the head.

[0058] The distance matrix is converted into the detection liner after wearing:

[0059] Subdivide the surface of the helmet lining to be inspected into enough facets (e.g. triangular facets) and map the compressed distance matrix onto the helmet lining. Use smooth surface deformation technology to make the inspection point indent the corresponding distance d, and at the same time drive the surrounding surfaces to smoothly indent, such as Figure 8 There are many smooth surface deformation techniques, such as weighted diffusion deformation, radial basis function (RBF) interpolation, or Laplacian deformation.

[0060] Step S03 combines the worn detection lining with the helmet lining, including:

[0061] S31: Model the helmet lining, define the helmet lining model as A, the uncompressed detection lining model as B, and the detection lining model after wearing as C, align the helmet lining model A with the uncompressed detection lining model B, calculate A′=AA∩B, and obtain the helmet lining model A' to be spliced, as shown in Figure 9 As shown;

[0062] S32: Align the outer contours of the uncompressed detection lining model B and the detection lining model C after wearing, calculate B′=B∩C, and obtain the detection lining model B′ to be spliced, such as Figure 10 As shown;

[0063] S33: Overlap the outer edge of the detection lining model B' to be spliced and the inner edge of the helmet lining model A' to be spliced, and directly merge them to obtain a complete lining C'=A'∪B', such as Figure 11 shown.

[0064] The following is an example of customizing the lining of a ski helmet:

[0065] Technical core:

[0066] (1) Ranging unit array: 64 ranging units are deployed in a hexagonal honeycomb arrangement (unit diameter 5 mm, spacing 7 mm), with a top density of 6 points / cm 2 , the side density is 4 points / cm 2 The spring is made of silicon-manganese steel (elastic modulus 120N / m), the slider potentiometer has a travel of 10mm, and the displacement resolution is 0.03mm.

[0067] (2) Data acquisition module: Based on the ESP32 main control chip, it is connected to eight 8-channel ADC modules, such as AD7689BCPZRL7 ADI (Analog Devices), 8-channel 16-bit ADS8345NB TI (Texas Instruments), and 8-channel 16-bit CM2248-QFPTR CIMO (Simulation Microelectronics). A single full array scan takes only 180ms.

[0068] (3) Algorithm optimization: Biomechanical constraints are introduced into the surface deformation algorithm (vertex displacement ≤ 12% of the side length, curvature change rate ≤ 0.15 mm-1) to avoid the generation of abnormal surfaces caused by erroneous data.

[0069] Effect comparison:

[0070] (1) Efficiency: The single modeling and merging time is 3.5 minutes, which is 82% higher than the traditional optical scanning solution (20 minutes).

[0071] (2) Accuracy: Contact data acquisition can achieve a surface accuracy of 0.5mm. The optical scanning solution without hair removal has a larger error of 1.5-2mm, which is a clear advantage. Although the optical scanning solution with hair removal has an error of 0.1mm, the preliminary preparation procedures are complicated and difficult to apply and promote.

[0072] Cost: The hardware cost is ￥500 / set, which is higher than the optical solution cost of ￥20,000 / set, which has a higher cost advantage.

[0073] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A helmet lining adaptive acquisition device based on a multi-potentiometer, including a semicircular detection device, characterized in that: The detection device is provided with a helmet lining and a detection lining, and the detection lining includes a non-compressed detection lining and a worn detection lining. The detection device is located on the top of the head and is provided with a plurality of ranging units, and the ranging units are arranged in a unit array with a certain density. The ranging units include a telescopic part and a fixed part, the telescopic part is provided on the inner side of the detection device, and the fixed part is fixed to the outer surface of the detection device, and the ranging unit is used to measure the retraction distance of the telescopic part.

2. The helmet lining adaptive data acquisition device based on a multi-potentiometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed part includes a shell fixing cover, a potentiometer and a potentiometer slide rod are arranged in the shell fixing cover, the potentiometer slide rod is slidably connected to the potentiometer, and the contact point between the potentiometer and the potentiometer is changed by sliding the potentiometer slide rod, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the potentiometer, the telescopic part includes a spring and a head contact piece, the head contact piece is connected to the potentiometer slide rod through a transmission connecting rod, the bottom of the spring is connected to the head contact piece, and the top is connected to the support base, the support base is arranged at the bottom of the shell fixing cover, and is used to be fixed to the outer surface of the detection device.

3. The helmet lining adaptive data acquisition device based on multi-potentiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance measuring unit is connected to the processing unit via an ADC module, and the multiple potentiometers are divided into a matrix to obtain a spring retraction distance matrix of the i-th row and the j-th column.

4. The helmet lining adaptive data acquisition device based on multi-potentiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner contour surface of the detection lining is tangent to the head contact piece of the distance measuring unit. The detection lining of the detection device is aligned with the center of the helmet lining. The helmet lining is slightly larger than the detection lining.

5. A method for customizing a helmet lining, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S01: using the helmet liner adaptive acquisition device based on a multi-potentiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to collect voltage information at various positions on the head, calculating the displacement of the head contact piece, obtaining a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram, and converting the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram into a thermal map; S02: Subdivide the detection lining surface into multiple facets, map the heat map onto the detection lining, and use smooth surface deformation to make the detection point indent the corresponding distance, while also causing the surrounding surfaces to smoothly indent; S03: The worn detection lining is combined with the helmet lining to obtain a customized helmet lining.

6. The method for customizing a helmet liner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram in step S01 includes: Calculate the displacement d of the head contact piece: Where d is the distance the spring is compressed, D is the maximum distance the potentiometer slider can move, and V max The maximum voltage that can be read when the potentiometer slider is at the bottom, V min is the readable voltage when the potentiometer slider is at the top, V c is the current voltage value of the potentiometer; The multi-potentiometer is divided into a matrix to obtain the spring retraction distance matrix of the i-th row and j-th column, and further obtain a two-dimensional displacement matrix diagram.

7. The method for customizing a helmet liner according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S03 combines the worn detection lining with the helmet lining, including: S31: Define the helmet lining model as A, the uncompressed detection lining model as B, and the detection lining model after wearing as C, align the helmet lining model A with the uncompressed detection lining model B, calculate A′=AA∩B, and obtain the helmet lining model A' to be spliced; S32: Align the outer contours of the uncompressed detection liner model B and the worn detection liner model C, calculate B′=B∩C, and obtain the detection liner model B′ to be spliced; S33: Overlap the outer edge of the detection lining model B' to be spliced and the inner edge of the helmet lining model A' to be spliced, and directly merge them to obtain a complete lining C'=A'∪B'.

Images