A surgical knife for adjusting the thickness of a rotation skin flap and a method for using the same

Abstract

This invention relates to a surgical scalpel with adjustable components and a mechanism for controlling the thickness of a circumferential skin flap, belonging to the field of medical device technology. Addressing the issues of insufficient cutting precision and interference from bodily fluids in traditional scalpels, the main body is connected to a rotating frame at its base via a worm gear-worm wheel transmission mechanism. Rollers at the end of the rotating frame provide stable support against the skin. Medical personnel operate a dial assembly to drive a three-stage gear transmission system, utilizing the difference in gear diameters to achieve coarse and fine adjustments to the rotation angle. Combined with visual feedback from a dial and pointer, the height of the main body is precisely controlled to adjust the cutting depth. A dual-gear transmission module is located on the side of the scalpel holder, using a nut block and a threaded rod for graded adjustment of lateral displacement. A laser ranging module monitors the distance data in real time. A retractable protective component is installed on the outer side of the main body, and a self-cleaning wheel made of absorbent cotton is integrated at the end of the scalpel holder to continuously remove bodily fluids during surgery, ensuring the stability of the cutting path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical scalpel with an adjustment component and a method for controlling the thickness of a circumferential skin flap, and the method of using thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical device technology, the scalpel, as an indispensable core instrument in surgery, directly determines the success rate of the operation through its operational precision and structural stability. Traditional instruments face two major technical bottlenecks in cutting operations: firstly, it is difficult to achieve precise control over the cutting depth and path; secondly, when dealing with complex surgical procedures such as circumferential flap incisions, existing adjustment mechanisms cannot meet the millimeter-level precision requirements. More importantly, the biological media generated during surgery, such as tissue fluid and blood, can physically interfere with the scalpel, further exacerbating the risk of decreased operational precision.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a surgical scalpel with an adjustment component and a method for controlling the thickness of a circumferential skin flap, as well as a method of using the scalpel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing surgical knives, such as difficulty in precisely controlling the cutting depth and path, and the impact of bodily fluids and blood generated during surgery on the stability and cutting accuracy of the scalpel. The invention proposes a scalpel with an adjustment component and a method for controlling the thickness of the circumferential skin flap.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An adjustment component includes a main body, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the bottom of the main body, a worm gear fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a rotating frame at the bottom of the main body, a connecting ear at the top of the rotating frame, the connecting ear fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a roller rotatably connected inside the rotating frame.

[0007] The main body is provided with a control structure, which includes a worm gear, the bottom end of which extends to the bottom of the main body and meshes with a worm wheel;

[0008] It also includes a tool holder, one side of which is provided with a movable structure. The movable structure includes a threaded rod fixed to one side of the main body. One end of the threaded rod slides through the tool holder through a sliding groove in cooperation with a slider.

[0009] The control structure drives the worm gear and rotating shaft to rotate via a worm to adjust the angle of the rotating frame, thereby controlling the distance between the main body and the patient's skin; the moving structure drives the knife holder to move via a threaded rod.

[0010] In one possible design, the control structure further includes a cavity, the top end of the worm gear extends into the cavity and is fixedly fitted with a first gear and a first dial, a second gear meshing with the first gear is rotatably connected in the cavity, a fixed shaft is also provided in the cavity, a third gear and a second dial are fixedly fitted on the fixed shaft, the third gear meshes with the second gear, and the diameters of the third gear, the second gear and the first gear increase sequentially.

[0011] In one possible design, a scale is fixed to one side of the main body, a fixing rod is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, one end of the fixing rod passes through the scale and a pointer is fixed thereto, and the pointer cooperates with the scale to display the rotation angle of the rotating frame.

[0012] In one possible design, the moving structure further includes a nut block rotatably connected to the side of the tool holder away from the main body. The nut block is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod. A fourth gear is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the nut block. A fifth gear, which meshes with the fourth gear, is rotatably connected to one side of the tool holder. The diameter of the fifth gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear.

[0013] In one possible design, a laser rangefinder and a high-definition camera are embedded on the side of the main body near the cutter holder. The laser rangefinder is used to detect the distance between the main body and the cutter holder, and the high-definition camera is used to capture the cutting path. A warning light is embedded on the top of the cutter holder.

[0014] In one possible design, a protective sleeve is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the main body, and an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the protective sleeve. An annular rubber ring that mates with the annular groove is fixed on the outer wall of the main body, and the protective sleeve covers the cavity, the first dial, and the second dial.

[0015] In one possible design, a bellows sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod is fixed between the main body and the tool holder, a protective shell is fixed on the side of the tool holder away from the main body, and the fourth and fifth gears partially extend to the outside of the protective shell.

[0016] A scalpel for controlling the thickness of a circumferential skin flap, comprising an adjustment component as described above, wherein a mounting bracket is fixed to the bottom of the scalpel holder, the bottom of the mounting bracket is provided with a slot, a pad is fixed to one inner wall of the slot, and two rubber strips are provided on the other inner wall, a bolt is threaded through the mounting bracket on the side away from the pad, and a pressure block is rotatably connected to one end of the bolt, the pressure block and the pad cooperate to clamp the scalpel.

[0017] In one possible design, round shafts are fixed on both sides of the rotating frame, and rotating plates are rotatably connected to both round shafts. A fixed column is fixed between the two rotating plates, and a cleaning wheel made of absorbent cotton material is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed column.

[0018] The method of using a scalpel to control the thickness of the circumferential skin flap in this application includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Cutting Depth Adjustment: Moving the first dial drives the worm gear to mesh with the worm wheel, causing the rotating frame to rotate around the rotating shaft. The initial angle is displayed on the dial and pointer. Then, moving the second dial drives the third gear, the second gear and the first gear to reduce speed step by step, realizing the micro-angle adjustment of the rotating frame. The change in roller height is calculated by combining the Pythagorean theorem to accurately control the cutting depth of the tool.

[0020] S2. Tool holder spacing control: Rotating the fourth gear drives the nut block to engage with the threaded rod, coarsely adjusting the spacing between the tool holder and the main body; simultaneously triggering the laser rangefinder to monitor the spacing value in real time; then rotating the fifth gear drives the fourth gear to finely adjust the spacing, ensuring stable cutting by the tool;

[0021] S3. Intraoperative status monitoring: Real-time images of the cutting trajectory and tissue layering are captured by a high-definition camera. When the cutting depth deviation exceeds ±0.5mm or the path deviates, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and the movement of the cutting tool is paused simultaneously.

[0022] S4. Elimination of body fluid interference: During the movement of the main body, the cleaning wheel rolls along the path of the roller, adsorbing body fluids and blood on the skin surface, maintaining the coefficient of friction between the roller and the skin ≥0.3;

[0023] S5. Tool replacement operation: Rotate the bolt counterclockwise to disengage the pressure block from the tool. Use the static friction between the rubber strip in the slot and the tool surface to keep the tool in position. After safely removing the tool, replace it with a new one.

[0024] S6. Protective mechanism linkage: Push the protective sleeve upward to make the annular rubber ring embed into the annular groove, exposing the adjustment mechanism inside the cavity; during cutting, press down the protective sleeve to cover the first dial and the second dial to prevent accidental activation;

[0025] S7. Multimodal Feedback: Laser rangefinder data and high-definition camera images are fused and processed by MCU to generate a three-dimensional heat map of the cutting depth, which is displayed in real time on an OLED screen and provides tactile feedback vibration prompts.

[0026] Beneficial effects: In this invention, a first gear and a first dial are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the worm gear, a second gear is rotatably connected inside the cavity, and a third gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft. Rotating the first dial causes the worm gear to rotate, and the worm gear, in conjunction with the worm wheel, drives the rotating frame to rotate. The initial rotation angle is determined by the cooperation of the dial and the pointer. Then, rotating the second dial causes the worm gear to rotate through the cooperation of the third gear, the second gear, and the first gear. The diameters of the third gear, the second gear, and the first gear increase sequentially. Therefore, the rotation angle of the rotating frame can be precisely controlled by rotating the second dial. When the rotating frame rotates, and the roller is in contact with the patient's skin, the cutting depth of the blade can be controlled.

[0027] In this invention, rotating plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the rotating frame via round shafts, and a fixed column is fixed between the two rotating plates. A cleaning wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed column. When the main body drives the cutter to move and cut, the cleaning wheel can clean the path of the roller, avoiding the slippage of the roller caused by bodily fluids and blood generated on the patient's skin during the cutting process, which would affect the accuracy of the cutter's cutting path.

[0028] In this invention, a nut block is rotatably mounted on one side of the tool holder. The nut block is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod, and a fourth gear meshing with a fifth gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the nut block. A fifth gear meshing with the fourth gear is rotatably connected to one side of the tool holder. By rotating the fourth gear, the nut block is driven to rotate, and the nut block is threaded onto the threaded rod, thereby initially adjusting the distance of the tool holder. At this time, the laser rangefinder can detect the distance of the tool holder in real time. Then, the fifth gear is rotated, and the fifth gear drives the fourth gear and the nut block to rotate. The rotation of the fifth gear can finely adjust the distance of the tool holder, further adjusting the distance of the tool holder.

[0029] In this invention, the cooperation of the main body, the rotating frame, and the rollers can provide support when the tool is cutting, ensuring the stability of the cutting. The rotation of the rotating frame can adjust the distance between the main body and the skin, thereby adjusting the cutting depth and ensuring the accuracy of the cutting thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view three-dimensional structure of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the main body and rotating frame of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the main body and protective sleeve of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the first gear, third gear, and first dial of an adjustment assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the protective sleeve and annular rubber ring of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the bellows, knife holder, and protective shell of an adjustment component provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the mounting frame and the blade for controlling the thickness of the circumferential flap provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating frame, rotating plate, and cleaning wheel of the scalpel for controlling the thickness of the circumferential flap provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the rotating plate and cleaning wheel of the scalpel used to control the thickness of the circumferential flap, as provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. Rotating frame; 3. Roller; 4. Connecting ear; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Fixed rod; 7. Dial; 8. Pointer; 9. Worm gear; 10. Cavity; 11. First gear; 12. Second gear; 13. Fixed shaft; 14. Third gear; 15. First dial; 16. Second dial; 17. Protective sleeve; 18. Annular groove; 19. Annular rubber ring; 20. Handle; 21. Threaded rod; 2. Tool holder; 23. Nut block; 24. Fourth gear; 25. Fifth gear; 26. Protective shell; 27. Bellows; 28. Warning light; 29. ​​Laser rangefinder; 30. High-definition camera; 31. Mounting bracket; 32. Tool; 33. Slot; 34. Spacer; 35. Rubber strip; 36. Bolt; 37. Pressure block; 38. Rotating plate; 39. Fixing post; 40. Cleaning wheel; 41. Round shaft; 42. Worm gear. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-3 This adjustment component relates to the field of medical device technology. The main body 1 of the adjustment component is made of high-strength plastic or metal to ensure its stability and durability. A rotating frame 2 is mounted at the bottom of the main body 1, and rollers 3 are rotatably connected within the rotating frame 2. The rollers 3 are made of medical-grade rubber with a smooth surface, enabling stable movement on the patient's skin and reducing irritation. A handle 20 is fixed to the top of the main body 1 for convenient hand-held movement by medical personnel.

[0045] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 3 The bottom of the main body 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 5, which is a cylindrical metal rod with a polished surface to reduce friction during rotation. The top of the rotating frame 2 is integrally formed with a connecting ear 4, which is a semi-circular structure. Its inner wall fits tightly against the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5 and is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5 by bolts or welding. A worm gear 42 is also fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5, located within the connecting ear 4. The tooth profile of the worm gear 42 matches the tooth profile of the worm 9 to achieve meshing transmission.

[0046] refer to Figures 3-6A control structure is provided within the main body 1 to adjust the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2, thereby controlling the distance between the main body 1 and the patient's skin. The control structure includes a worm gear 9, which is rotatably connected within the main body 1. Its bottom end extends below the main body 1 and meshes with a worm wheel 42. The top end of the worm gear 9 extends rotatably into a cavity 10 within the main body 1 and is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the cavity 10. A first gear 11 and a first dial 15 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the worm gear 9 within the cavity 10. The first dial 15 has a circular structure with anti-slip textures on its surface for easy operation. By turning the first dial 15, the worm gear 9 can be rotated, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 5 and the worm wheel 42 to rotate, achieving initial angle adjustment of the rotating frame 2. A second gear 12 meshing with the first gear 11 and a third gear 14 meshing with the second gear 12 are also rotatably connected within the cavity 10. The third gear 14 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 13, and the two ends of the fixed shaft 13 are rotatably connected to the top and bottom inner walls of the cavity 10, respectively. The outer wall of the fixed shaft 13 is also fixedly sleeved with a second dial 16, the structure of which is similar to that of the first dial 15, but the size may be different.

[0047] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The diameters of the third gear 14, the second gear 12, and the first gear 11 increase sequentially. The purpose of this design is that when the second dial 16 is turned, the third gear 14, the second gear 12, and the first gear 11 can be driven to rotate in sequence. Due to the increasing relationship of the gear diameters, the transmission of the rotation angle will become more precise, thereby achieving precise control of the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2.

[0048] In use, first, the first dial 15 is rotated, which drives the worm gear 9 to rotate. The worm gear 9, in conjunction with the worm wheel 42, drives the rotating frame 2 to rotate. By observing the interaction between the scale 7 and the pointer 8, the initial rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 is determined. Next, the second dial 16 is rotated. The second dial 16, through the interaction of the third gear 14, the second gear 12, and the first gear 11, drives the worm gear 9 to rotate. Due to the increasing diameter of the gears, the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 can be precisely controlled. When the roller 3 is in contact with the patient's skin, the cutting depth of the blade 32 can be controlled.

[0049] refer to Figures 5-7The first dial 15 and the second dial 16 are both located within the cavity 10, and their opposite sides extend to the corresponding side of the cavity 10 for easy manipulation by the doctor. The first dial 15 and the second dial 16 are used for initial adjustment and fine control of the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2, respectively. To prevent accidental contact with the first dial 15 and the second dial 16 during later cutting, a protective sleeve 17 is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the main body 1. The protective sleeve 17 is made of transparent plastic, which can both cover the cavity 10, the first dial 15 and the second dial 16, and facilitate the doctor's observation of the internal structure. The protective sleeve 17 has an annular groove 18 inside, and an annular rubber ring 19 is fixed to the outer wall of the main body 1 above the cavity 10. The cooperation between the annular rubber ring 19 and the annular groove 18 can position the protective sleeve 17 and prevent it from sliding or falling off during use.

[0050] When using this adjustment component, the doctor first adjusts the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 by turning the first dial 15 and the second dial 16, thereby controlling the distance between the main body 1 and the patient's skin. Then, by turning the fourth gear 24 and the fifth gear 25, the distance between the blade holder 22 and the main body 1 is adjusted to ensure that the blade 32 is in the appropriate cutting position. During the operation, the laser rangefinder 29 detects the distance between the main body 1 and the blade holder 22 in real time, and the high-definition camera 30 captures the cutting depth and tissue layers in real time, transmitting the data to the control system or displaying it on the screen. When errors occur in the cutting depth or path, the warning light 28 will emit an alarm signal to remind the doctor to correct the surgical operation in time. In this way, the doctor can more accurately control the cutting depth and path, improving the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0051] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 A dial 7 is fixed to one side of the main body 1, with precise angle markings to indicate the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2. A rotating shaft 5 passes through the bottom of the main body 1, with a fixing rod 6 fixed to one end. One end of the fixing rod 6 rotates through the main body 1 and the dial 7, and a pointer 8 is fixed thereto. The pointer 8 is made of lightweight metal and is shaped like a slender needle, clearly indicating the angle markings on the dial 7. When the rotating frame 2 rotates, the rotating shaft 5 drives the fixing rod 6 and the pointer 8 to rotate synchronously. Through the cooperation of the pointer 8 and the dial 7, the doctor can visually determine the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2. Furthermore, using the Pythagorean theorem, the doctor can calculate the distance between the main body 1 and the patient's skin when the rotating frame 2 rotates, thereby precisely controlling the cutting depth.

[0052] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8A blade holder 22 is provided on one side of the main body 1. The blade holder 22 is made of the same material as the main body 1, ensuring a stable structure. A blade 32 is mounted below the blade holder 22. The blade 32 is made of medical-grade stainless steel with a sharp blade for easy cutting. To control the distance between the blade 32 and the main body 1, and to ensure stable support for the blade 32, a moving structure is provided between the main body 1 and the blade holder 22. The moving structure includes a threaded rod 21 fixed to one side of the main body 1. The threaded rod 21 is a cylindrical metal rod with threads on its surface. One end of the threaded rod 21 slides through the blade holder 22 via a groove and a slider. The design of the groove and slider allows the blade holder 22 to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 21.

[0053] refer to Figure 8 A nut block 23 is rotatably connected to the side of the tool holder 22 away from the main body 1. The nut block 23 has a cylindrical structure, and its inner wall has threads that match those of the threaded rod 21. The nut block 23 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod 21. By rotating the nut block 23, the tool holder 22 can be driven to move along the threaded rod 21. A fourth gear 24 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the nut block 23. The fourth gear 24 has a circular structure and teeth on its surface. By rotating the fourth gear 24, the nut block 23 can be driven to rotate, thereby initially adjusting the distance between the tool holder 22 and the main body 1. A fifth gear 25, which meshes with the fourth gear 24, is also rotatably connected to one side of the tool holder 22. The diameter of the fifth gear 25 is smaller than that of the fourth gear 24. By rotating the fifth gear 25, the fourth gear 24 and the nut block 23 can be driven to rotate. Due to the difference in gear diameters, the rotation of the fifth gear 25 can finely adjust the distance between the tool holder 22 and the main body 1.

[0054] By rotating the fourth gear 24, the nut block 23 is driven to rotate. The threaded connection between the nut block 23 and the threaded rod 21 causes the tool holder 22 to move initially, thereby adjusting the distance between the tool holder 22 and the main body 1. At this time, the laser rangefinder 29 detects the distance of the tool holder 22 in real time and feeds the data back to the operator. Then, the fifth gear 25 is rotated, which drives the fourth gear 24 and the nut block 23 to rotate. The rotation of the fifth gear 25 allows for precise adjustment of the distance of the tool holder 22, further ensuring the cutting accuracy and stability of the tool 32.

[0055] refer to Figure 8To shield and protect the threaded rod 21, a bellows 27 is fixed between the main body 1 and the blade holder 22, and the bellows 27 is fitted onto the outer wall of the threaded rod 21. The bellows 27 is made of flexible plastic and can extend and retract with the movement of the blade holder 22. A protective shell 26 is fixed to the side of the blade holder 22 away from the main body 1. The protective shell 26 is made of high-strength plastic and is used to protect the fourth gear 24 and the fifth gear 25. The top of the fifth gear 25 and both sides of the fourth gear 24 extend to the outside of the protective shell 26, making it convenient for the doctor to rotate the fifth gear 25 and the fourth gear 24 later for preliminary and fine adjustment of the distance between the blade holder 22 and the main body 1.

[0056] refer to Figure 1 A laser rangefinder 29 and a high-definition camera 30 are fixedly embedded on the side of the main body 1 near the scalpel holder 22. The laser rangefinder 29 is made of a high-precision laser sensor, which can detect the distance between the main body 1 and the scalpel holder 22 in real time and transmit the data to the control system or display it on the screen. The high-definition camera 30 is made of a medical-grade high-definition camera, which can capture the cutting depth and tissue layers in real time, providing the doctor with a clear surgical field of view. A warning light 28 is fixedly embedded on the top of the scalpel holder 22. When the high-definition camera 30 detects errors in the cutting depth or path, the warning light 28 will emit an alarm signal to remind the doctor to correct the surgical operation in time.

[0057] This adjustment assembly and scalpel achieve precise control of the cutting depth and path through a precise control and movement structure. Specifically, by adjusting the first dial 15 and the second dial 16, the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 can be initially and finely adjusted, thereby controlling the distance between the main body 1 and the patient's skin. Simultaneously, by adjusting the fourth gear 24 and the fifth gear 25, the distance between the scalpel holder 22 and the main body 1 can be initially and finely adjusted, ensuring the scalpel 32 is in the appropriate cutting position. The real-time monitoring and imaging functions of the laser rangefinder 29 and the high-definition camera 30 provide the surgeon with a clear surgical field of view and cutting depth information, facilitating timely corrections to the surgical procedure. The alarm function of the warning light 28 further enhances the safety of the surgery.

[0058] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The scalpel, which controls the thickness of the circumferential skin flap, includes the aforementioned adjustment components and a mounting bracket 31 fixed to the bottom of the scalpel holder 22. The mounting bracket 31 is made of high-strength metal to ensure its stability and durability. The bottom of the mounting bracket 31 has a slot 33 for mounting the scalpel 32, the size of which matches the size of the scalpel 32 so that the scalpel 32 can be accurately inserted.

[0059] Reference Figure 10A pad 34, made of rubber or silicone, is fixed to one inner wall of the slot 33. The pad 34 provides elasticity and friction, supporting one side of the tool 32. A bolt 36, made of metal with threads, is threaded through the side of the mounting bracket 31 away from the pad 34. One end of the bolt 36 extends into the slot 33 and is rotatably connected to a pressure block 37. The pressure block 37 is a rectangular block structure whose outer wall fits tightly against the inner wall of the slot 33 and can slide within the slot 33.

[0060] When using this scalpel, first install the blade 32 into the slot 33 of the mounting bracket 31 as described above, and then clamp and fix the blade 32 by rotating the screw 36 so that the pressure block 37 and the pad 34 cooperate. Then, adjust the distance between the main body 1 and the patient's skin, as well as the distance between the blade 32 and the main body 1, by adjusting the adjustment components to ensure the accuracy and stability of the cutting.

[0061] Reference Figure 10 To increase the friction between the blade 32 and the slot 33, two rubber strips 35 are fixed to the inner wall of the slot 33 on the side away from the pad 34. The two rubber strips 35 are located above and below the pressure block 37, respectively. When the blade 32 is inserted into the slot 33, the rubber strips 35 will make close contact with the outer wall of the blade 32, thereby increasing the friction. When the pressure block 37 releases its grip on the blade 32, the rubber strips 35 can keep the blade 32 stably placed in the slot 33, making it easy for medical personnel to safely remove and replace the blade 32 later. The slot 33 can be a rectangular slot with a 45° guide slope on the inner wall; the trapezoidal slot adopts a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with an opening width 1.2-1.5 times wider than the blade; the dovetail slot has a locking angle of 55-65°, forming a self-locking effect with the tail of the blade.

[0062] It also includes a medical-grade microcontroller (MCU) and an OLED display. The laser ranging signal from the laser rangefinder 29 is filtered by the ADC module and then input to the MCU. The high-definition camera 30 transmits real-time images through the MIPI interface. The warning light 28 is connected to the MCU. An independent lithium battery pack is powered by an isolated DC-DC circuit.

[0063] Example 2: Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 Based on embodiment 1, an improvement is made by fixing round shafts 41 on both sides of the rotating frame 2. The round shafts 41 are made of metal and have been polished. Rotating plates 38 are rotatably connected to the ends of the two round shafts 41 that are far apart from each other. The rotating plates 38 are rectangular plate structures that can rotate freely around the round shafts 41.

[0064] refer to Figure 12A fixing post 39 is fixed to one side of the two rotating plates 38 that are close to each other. The fixing post 39 is a cylindrical metal rod with a smooth outer wall. A cleaning wheel 40 is rotatably fitted on the outer wall of the fixing post 39. The cleaning wheel 40 is made of absorbent cotton and has good water absorption performance. The cleaning wheel 40 can rotate freely around the fixing post 39 so that when the rotating frame 2 moves, the cleaning wheel 40 can contact the trajectory of the roller 3.

[0065] During the surgery, as the main body 1 moves the blade 32 to cut, the roller 3 rolls on the patient's skin. At this time, the cleaning roller 40 cleans the path of the roller 3, absorbing and removing bodily fluids, blood, and other contaminants generated during the cutting process. This prevents the roller 3 from slipping or deviating during movement, which could affect the accuracy of the blade 32's cutting path. This ensures that the blade 32 cuts along the predetermined path, improving the precision and safety of the surgery.

[0066] The method of using a scalpel to control the thickness of the circumferential skin flap includes the following steps:

[0067] S1. During use, hold the handle 20 and place the roller 3 against the patient's skin. During this process, the blade 32 pierces the skin. Then, the handle 20 moves the main body 1 and the blade holder 22 to perform the cutting surgery. The cooperation of the main body 1, the rotating frame 2, and the roller 3 can support the cutting of the blade 32 and ensure the stability of the cutting. In addition, while the blade 32 is cutting, the high-definition camera 30 can capture images in real time (real-time display of cutting depth and tissue layers; for example, AR technology can be used to overlay skin flap thickness data onto the surgical field to help doctors intuitively judge the cutting progress; some devices can also combine 3D modeling technology to simulate the cutting path before surgery and make real-time corrections during surgery). The cutting depth and cutting trajectory can be obtained from the images. When the cutting depth or cutting trajectory deviates, the warning light 28 will sound an alarm (supporting audible and visual alarms) to allow the doctor to adjust the cutting depth and trajectory.

[0068] S3. When replacing the cutting tool 32, rotate the bolt 36 to drive the pressure block 37 to move, releasing the clamping of the cutting tool 32 by the pressure block 37. The friction between the rubber strip 35 and the cutting tool 32 can make the cutting tool 32 stably placed in the slot 33 when the clamping of the cutting tool 32 is released, so that the doctor can safely take out the cutting tool 32 for replacement later, and prevent the cutting tool 32 from falling out of the slot 33. Then the replacement of the cutting tool 32 can be completed.

[0069] S4. During surgery, the distance between the main body 1 and the knife holder 22 is adjusted as needed to control the distance between the roller 3 and the knife 32, so that the knife 32 can cut stably. Specifically, by turning the fourth gear 24 to drive the nut block 23, the nut block 23 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 21, thereby initially adjusting the distance of the knife holder 22. At this time, the laser rangefinder 29 can detect the distance of the knife holder 22 in real time. Then, the fifth gear 25 is turned, which drives the fourth gear 24 and the nut block 23 to rotate. The rotation of the fifth gear 25 can finely adjust the distance of the knife holder 22, and further adjust the distance of the knife holder 22.

[0070] S5. Furthermore, when it is necessary to adjust the cutting thickness of the tool 32, push the protective sleeve 17 upward. The annular rubber ring 19 and the annular groove 18 cooperate to position the protective sleeve 17, exposing the cavity 10. Then, rotate the first dial 15. The first dial 15 drives the worm 9 to rotate. The cooperation between the worm 9 and the worm wheel 42 drives the rotating frame 2 to rotate. The initial rotation angle is determined by the cooperation between the scale 7 and the pointer 8. Then, rotate the second dial 16. The second dial 16 is driven by the third gear 14, the second gear 12 and the first gear. The worm gear 9 is driven to rotate by the cooperation of gear 11, and the diameters of the third gear 14, the second gear 12 and the first gear 11 increase sequentially. Therefore, the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 can be precisely controlled by the rotation of the second dial 16 (by the distance from the rotating shaft 5 to the roller 3 and the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2, the overall height change of the main body 1 after the rotating frame 2 rotates can be obtained according to the Pythagorean theorem, thereby controlling the cutting depth of the blade 32). When the rotating frame 2 rotates, the cutting depth of the blade 32 can be controlled when the roller 3 is in contact with the patient's skin.

[0071] S6. When the main body 1 moves the tool 32 to cut, the cleaning wheel 40 can clean the path of the roller 3 to prevent the body fluid and blood generated on the patient's skin during the cutting process from causing the roller 3 to slide during the movement, which would affect the accuracy of the cutting path of the tool 32.

[0072] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the high-definition camera 30, the laser rangefinder 29 and the warning light 28 are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0073] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustment component, characterized in that, Includes a main body (1), the bottom of the main body (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (5), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5) is fixedly sleeved with a worm gear (42), the bottom of the main body (1) is provided with a rotating frame (2), the top of the rotating frame (2) is provided with a connecting ear (4), the connecting ear (4) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5), and a roller (3) is rotatably connected inside the rotating frame (2). The main body (1) is provided with a control structure, which includes a worm (9), the bottom end of which extends to the bottom of the main body (1) and meshes with a worm wheel (42); It also includes a tool holder (22), one side of which is provided with a movable structure. The movable structure includes a threaded rod (21) fixed to one side of the main body (1). One end of the threaded rod (21) slides through the tool holder (22) through a groove and a slider. The control structure drives the worm wheel (42) and the rotating shaft (5) to rotate via the worm (9) to adjust the angle of the rotating frame (2), thereby controlling the distance between the main body (1) and the patient's skin; the moving structure drives the knife holder (22) to move via the threaded rod (21).

2. The adjustment component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control structure also includes a cavity (10), the top end of the worm (9) extends into the cavity (10) and is fixedly fitted with a first gear (11) and a first dial (15). A second gear (12) meshes with the first gear (11) in the cavity (10). A fixed shaft (13) is also provided in the cavity (10). A third gear (14) and a second dial (16) are fixedly fitted on the fixed shaft (13). The third gear (14) meshes with the second gear (12), and the diameters of the third gear (14), the second gear (12) and the first gear (11) increase sequentially.

3. An adjustment component according to claim 2, characterized in that, A dial (7) is fixed on one side of the main body (1), and a fixing rod (6) is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (5). One end of the fixing rod (6) passes through the dial (7) and is fixed with a pointer (8). The pointer (8) cooperates with the dial (7) to display the rotation angle of the rotating frame (2).

4. An adjustment component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable structure also includes a nut block (23) rotatably connected to the side of the tool holder (22) away from the main body (1). The nut block (23) is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod (21). A fourth gear (24) is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the nut block (23). A fifth gear (25) meshing with the fourth gear (24) is rotatably connected to one side of the tool holder (22). The diameter of the fifth gear (25) is smaller than that of the fourth gear (24).

5. An adjustment component according to claim 4, characterized in that, A laser rangefinder (29) and a high-definition camera (30) are embedded on the side of the main body (1) near the cutter holder (22). The laser rangefinder (29) is used to detect the distance between the main body (1) and the cutter holder (22), and the high-definition camera (30) is used to capture the cutting path. A warning light (28) is embedded on the top of the cutter holder (22).

6. An adjustment component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the main body (1) is slidably fitted with a protective sleeve (17), the inner wall of the protective sleeve (17) is provided with an annular groove (18), the outer wall of the main body (1) is fixed with an annular rubber ring (19) that cooperates with the annular groove (18), and the protective sleeve (17) covers the cavity (10), the first dial (15) and the second dial (16).

7. An adjustment component according to claim 6, characterized in that, A corrugated tube (27) sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod (21) is fixed between the main body (1) and the tool holder (22). A protective shell (26) is fixed on the side of the tool holder (22) away from the main body (1). The fourth gear (24) and the fifth gear (25) extend to the outside of the protective shell (26).

8. A surgical scalpel for controlling the thickness of a circumferential skin flap, comprising the adjustment component according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The bottom of the tool holder (22) is fixed with a mounting bracket (31). The bottom of the mounting bracket (31) is provided with a slot (33). A pad (34) is fixed on one side of the inner wall of the slot (33), and two rubber strips (35) are provided on the other side of the inner wall. A bolt (36) is threaded through the side of the mounting bracket (31) away from the pad (34). One end of the bolt (36) is rotatably connected to a pressure block (37). The pressure block (37) and the pad (34) cooperate to clamp the tool (32).

9. The scalpel for controlling the thickness of the circumferential skin flap according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both sides of the rotating frame (2) are fixed with round shafts (41), and rotating plates (38) are rotatably connected to the two round shafts (41). A fixing column (39) is fixed between the two rotating plates (38), and a cleaning wheel (40) made of absorbent cotton material is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing column (39).

Images