Manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance and its preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises: laser scanning and printing the manganese-copper alloy powder layer by layer using laser powder bed melting technology, and then directly aging the printed manganese-copper alloy. By adjusting the laser scanning strategy, layer thickness, scanning interval, substrate temperature and other printing processes, a high damping performance manganese-copper alloy with a high damping performance is obtained. <001> Strong texture additive manufacturing of manganese copper alloy. <001> Oriented grains have a greater number of twinned martensite variants, and twinned martensite is more mobile under external stress, resulting in higher damping performance in manganese-copper alloys. Leveraging the unique advantages of laser additive manufacturing (LAM) in forming complex structures such as hollow, hollow, and thin-walled structures, vibration damping components can be effectively combined with structural vibration damping using manganese-copper damping alloys, leading to widespread application in vibration and noise reduction applications for high-end equipment such as satellites, ships, rail transit, and high-precision machine tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern industry, high-end equipment in aerospace, rail transit, and other sectors places increasingly stringent demands on vibration and noise reduction technologies. Traditional vibration reduction methods, such as system-based vibration reduction, suffer from inherent drawbacks such as long residual vibration duration, high design costs, and high failure rates of active control systems. Against this backdrop, damping alloy materials, which combine structural load-bearing and energy conversion capabilities, have emerged. By converting mechanical vibration energy into heat, they achieve vibration reduction at the source, demonstrating significant technical advantages.

[0003] As a typical twin-crystal damping material, Mn-Cu alloys have become a key research topic in the field of industrial vibration reduction due to their excellent damping properties, good mechanical strength, and economical processing. The damping mechanism of these alloys stems from the conversion of mechanical vibration energy into heat through the movement of twin boundaries or phase interfaces formed during the martensitic transformation. However, with technological advancements, vibration-damping components and other applications require higher damping performance from alloys, and the damping performance of existing Mn-Cu alloys needs to be further improved.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to improve the above technical problems.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising: performing laser scanning printing layer by layer on a manganese-copper alloy powder using a laser powder bed fusion technique, and then performing an aging treatment on the printed alloy;

[0008] The chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder is as follows: Cu 10%-40%, Ni 2%-10%, Mo 0%-3%, Cr 0%-5%, Fe 1%-5%, Al 0%-3%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, and the remainder is Mn element and other inevitable impurities. The laser power of the layer-by-layer scanning printing is 80W-300W, the scanning speed is 400mm / s-1200mm / s, the scanning pitch is 0.08mm-0.12mm, the scanning interval is 10s-60s, and the laser scanning method adopts strip scanning with a width of 5mm-10mm. The overlapping width between adjacent strips is 0.03mm-0.07mm, and there is no angle rotation between adjacent layers, that is, 0°.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder is: Cu 22%~30%, Ni 3%~5%, Mo 0%~3%, Cr 0%~3%, Fe 1%~5%, Al 0%~2%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, and the balance is Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the particle size of the manganese-copper alloy powder is 15 μm to 53 μm, the fluidity is 20 s / 50g to 35 s / 50g, and the bulk density is 3.5 g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3 .

[0011] In an optional embodiment, before starting printing, the printing substrate is subjected to temperature adjustment treatment to control the temperature of the printing substrate to be between -50°C and 200°C.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, before starting printing, the printing substrate is subjected to temperature adjustment treatment to control the temperature of the printing substrate to be between -50°C and 50°C.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of each layer of powder is 0.05mm~0.1mm, and the laser energy density during printing is 50J / mm 3 ~150J / mm 3 .

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the printing substrate is a substrate having the same chemical composition as the manganese-copper alloy powder.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the aging treatment is performed at a temperature of 400° C. to 450° C. and for a time of 10 h to 14 h.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, which is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance as described in the aforementioned embodiment in vibration-damping components of satellites, ships, rail transportation or high-precision machine tools.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: through the laser powder bed melting technology, the powder of specific chemical composition can be melted by laser to form a molten pool. When the laser beam moves in a certain direction, the molten pool continuously solidifies along the laser track, and the grains compete to grow, forming a molten pool along the construction direction. <001> Oriented columnar crystals, the same scanning angle between adjacent printing layers can ensure the consistency of heat flow direction during solidification, and the growth of grains will follow the opposite direction of heat flow, forming columnar grains with preferential orientation. The columnar crystals continue to grow on the basis of the columnar crystals of the previous layer, forming a large size <001> Oriented columnar crystals. And by selecting the laser powder bed fusion printing process parameters to control the temperature gradient, more <001> Oriented grains, thereby improving the damping performance of Mn-Cu alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of 0° strip scanning strategy;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the SEM morphology of the manganese-copper alloy powder prepared by the gas atomization method in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 3 Damping amplitude spectra of the manganese-copper alloy products prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-8 at room temperature;

[0023] Figure 4 The crystal orientation diagram of the printed manganese-copper alloy on the side of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5 is shown. Figure 4 (a) corresponds to Example 1; (b) corresponds to Example 1; (c) corresponds to Example 2; (d) corresponds to Example 3; (e) corresponds to Example 4; and (f) corresponds to Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0025] The manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance provided by the present invention, its preparation method and application are described in detail below.

[0026] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising: performing laser scanning printing layer by layer on a manganese-copper alloy powder using a laser powder bed fusion technique, and then performing an aging treatment on the printed alloy;

[0027] The chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder is as follows: Cu 10%-40%, Ni 2%-10%, Mo 0%-3%, Cr 0%-5%, Fe 1%-5%, Al 0%-3%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, with the remainder being Mn and other unavoidable impurities. The laser power for layer-by-layer scanning printing is 80W-300W, the scanning speed is 400mm / s-1200mm / s, the scanning pitch is 0.08mm-0.12mm, and the scanning interval is 10s-60s. The laser scanning method adopts strip scanning with a width of 5mm-10mm, the overlap width between adjacent strips is 0.03mm-0.07mm, and there is no angle rotation between adjacent layers, i.e., 0°.

[0028] Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology is a bottom-up manufacturing method that uses a laser beam as a heat source to quickly melt and solidify metal powder, accumulating and stacking it layer by layer to ultimately achieve the formation of three-dimensional solid parts. LPBF technology is a bottom-up manufacturing method in which the laser scans the powder to form a molten pool. A temperature gradient is formed inside the molten pool. Scanning layer by layer can change the direction of heat flow, so changing the rotation angle of adjacent layers can control the temperature gradient of the printed sample. The solidification process of metal powder is closely related to the temperature gradient. The inventors have found through research that grain orientation has a significant effect on the damping properties of Mn-Cu. Mn-Cu alloys have a high damping capacity. <001> The damping performance in the direction is optimal, so a strong <001> Texture is an effective method to improve the damping properties of Mn-Cu alloys.

[0029] First, the embodiment of the invention controls the chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder, making it conducive to the formation of a large amount of twinned martensite and regulating the martensitic phase transition temperature, so that the manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance has the ability to reduce vibration and noise in a wide temperature range. Secondly, during the laser printing process, the laser scanning angle between adjacent layers is not changed (i.e., the adjacent layers are rotated 0°), which ensures that a large temperature gradient is formed along the construction direction during the solidification process, and the grains grow in the opposite direction of the heat flow, forming a preferentially oriented <001> Columnar grains. This columnar crystal continues to grow on the outer edge of the previous columnar crystal, forming a large-scale <001> Therefore, the columnar grains of manganese-copper alloy with the same scanning angles in adjacent layers mainly grow along the construction direction, forming a strong <001> Further combined with the specific selection of other parameters of the laser powder bed fusion printing process, the temperature gradient can be controlled to obtain more <001> Oriented grains, thereby improving the damping performance of the material.

[0030] It should be noted that the 0° strip scanning strategy with the same scanning angle between adjacent printing layers is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0031] Furthermore, the chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder is optimized as follows: Cu 22%~30%, Ni 3%~5%, Mo 0%~3%, Cr 0%~3%, Fe 1%~5%, Al 0%~2%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, and the balance is Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0032] Specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1. Preparation of manganese-copper alloy powder.

[0034] Manganese-copper alloy powder is prepared by vacuum air atomization, and moisture is removed and a suitable particle size is sieved out. The manganese-copper alloy powder prepared by vacuum air atomization has uniform particle size, high sphericity and uniform chemical composition, which can be conducive to improving the damping performance of the manganese-copper alloy. It should be noted that the manganese-copper alloy powder used can also be purchased through commercial channels when the chemical composition meets the requirements.

[0035] Specifically, in some embodiments, the manganese copper alloy powder must meet the following requirements: particle size of 15 μm to 53 μm, fluidity of 20 s / 50 g to 35 s / 50 g, and bulk density of 3.5 g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3. Manganese-copper alloy powder in this particle size range can ensure appropriate fluidity and loose density, thereby effectively reducing defects such as porosity and unfused powder caused by uneven powder spreading. If the particle size is too large, the friction between the powder particles will increase, the fluidity will decrease, and discontinuous powder spreading, local accumulation or voids will easily occur, resulting in uneven powder layer thickness. When the laser is acting, the thick powder area may not be completely melted due to insufficient energy, forming unmelted particle defects; the thin powder area may cause splashing or overburning due to excessive energy concentration. If the particle size is too small, the fine powder is easy to agglomerate (affected by surface tension and electrostatic force), which will also destroy the uniformity of powder spreading and form local "agglomerations", resulting in uneven laser energy distribution and increased molten pool instability.

[0036] It should be noted that the fluidity of manganese-copper alloy powder refers to the time required for a certain amount of powder to flow through a standard funnel with a specified aperture, which is the time it takes for 50g of standard substance to flow on a new funnel. For specific reference, please refer to: GB / T 1482-2022 Metal Powder Fluidity Determination Standard Funnel Method (Hall Rheometer).

[0037] S2. Install and level the printing substrate, load the alloy powder into the powder bin, and then control the temperature.

[0038] Small amounts of oxide scale and impurities typically exist on the printing substrate, which can affect the printing quality of manganese-copper alloy. These impacts primarily include: First, the oxide scale is often uneven in texture and has a rough surface, which reduces the substrate's surface flatness. This can lead to uneven distribution of the manganese-copper alloy powder during the spreading process, resulting in localized accumulation or excessive gaps. Large impurity particles can also interfere with the proper spreading of the powder, affecting the uniformity of the printed layer, and thus adversely affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the final molded part. Second, the presence of oxide scale can alter the substrate's absorption and reflection characteristics of laser energy. Because the optical properties of oxide scale differ from those of the metal substrate, this can prevent the laser energy from being effectively transferred to the manganese-copper alloy powder, resulting in incomplete melting. Impurities can also absorb or scatter laser energy, disrupting its uniform distribution, leading to localized overheating or insufficient melting, and increasing the likelihood of internal defects in the molded part. Furthermore, at high temperatures, the oxide scale on the substrate can react with the manganese-copper alloy, altering its composition and properties. When the oxygen content is high, the base metal will oxidize at high temperatures, which will in turn cause spheroidization, reduce the density and molding quality of the parts, and reduce the mechanical properties of the molded parts such as strength and toughness.

[0039] Therefore, in some embodiments, before installing the printed substrate, the printed substrate may be sanded to remove oxide scale and impurities.

[0040] Furthermore, before printing begins, the printing substrate is temperature-controlled to control the temperature of the printing substrate to -50°C~200°C, for example, the temperature before printing is controlled to be -50°C, -40°C, -30°C, -20°C, -10°C, 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 50°C, 80°C, 100°C, 150°C or 200°C. The temperature of the printing substrate can significantly affect the temperature gradient, thereby affecting <001> Oriented columnar grains form and grow.

[0041] In some embodiments, the temperature of the printed substrate before printing is further optimized, that is, before starting printing, the printed substrate is temperature-controlled to control the temperature of the printed substrate to be between -50°C and 50°C.

[0042] In some embodiments, before starting printing, the temperature of the printing substrate is controlled to be less than 0°C, and the temperature gradient along the building direction is increased to promote <001> Preferential growth of oriented grains.

[0043] It should be noted that when the printing substrate is installed, it is slightly higher than the printing table.

[0044] In some embodiments, the printing substrate uses a substrate with the same chemical composition as the manganese-copper alloy powder. This same composition prevents dilution or contamination of the printed manganese-copper alloy. If the substrate composition differs significantly from the manganese-copper alloy (e.g., it contains other alloying elements), the substrate surface may be melted into the printed layer during laser melting, resulting in localized composition dilution. A substrate with a consistent composition ensures uniform chemical composition from the bottom layer to the top layer of the printed part, avoiding performance fluctuations caused by localized composition deviations. Furthermore, the same chemical composition means that the physicochemical properties of the substrate and manganese-copper alloy powder, such as melting point, thermal conductivity, and expansion coefficient, are more closely matched. During laser melting, the molten alloy powder forms a uniform metallurgical bond with the substrate surface, avoiding interfacial reactions caused by compositional differences (e.g., the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds), thereby reducing the probability of interlayer cracking and delamination.

[0045] S3. Install the scraper so that it fits the surface of the printing substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform.

[0046] Specifically, in some embodiments, the powder thickness of each layer is 0.05mm~0.1mm, for example, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm or 0.1mm, etc., or between any two of the above thicknesses; the above selection of powder thickness can be coordinated with parameters such as laser power and scanning speed. If the powder is too thick (exceeding the effective laser melting depth), the laser energy cannot completely penetrate the powder layer, and the underlying powder may not be fully melted, resulting in unfused defects (gaps within or between layers), significantly reducing the density; if the powder is too thin (far less than the laser melting depth), the laser energy is overly concentrated, which may lead to over-melting, causing molten pool splashing, substrate overheating or ablation, and even damage to the formed underlying structure, and also produce pores or cracks.

[0047] In addition, the energy density Ev is further introduced and expressed by the following formula: Ev = P / (v×h×μ) where P is the laser power, v is the laser scanning speed, h is the laser scanning spacing, and μ is the powder layer thickness. The energy density Ev during printing is 50J / mm 3 ~150J / mm 3 When the volume energy density is too low, the energy provided by the laser is too small to melt all the powder, resulting in defects such as unmelted powder and holes at the bottom of the molten pool. When the volume energy density is too high, the liquid metal inside the molten pool flows excessively, causing the molten pool width to increase, thus affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the component.

[0048] S4. Fill in inert gas to control the printing environment and perform atmosphere protection. Import the sample block slice file into the laser powder bed fusion machine operation interface and enter the laser printing process parameters.

[0049] Specifically, in some embodiments, the inert gas may be argon.

[0050] S5. Laser scans layer by layer to print the alloy.

[0051] Specifically, the laser power of laser printing is 80W~300W, for example, it can be selected as 80W, 100W, 120W, 150W, 180W, 200W, 220W, 250W, 280W or 300W, etc., the scanning speed is 400mm / s~1200mm / s, for example, it can be selected as 100mm / s, 300mm / s, 500mm / s, 700mm / s, 900mm / s, 1000mm / s or 1200mm / s, etc., the scanning spacing is 0.08mm~0.12mm, for example, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm or 0.12mm, etc.; the scanning interval is 10s~60s, for example, 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s or 60s, etc. By coordinating the above parameters with the powder thickness, it is possible to achieve better continuity between the layers, evenly overlap the melt paths, form a continuous structure, and take into account both grain refinement and phase change integrity, which is beneficial to improving the damping performance.

[0052] The laser scanning method uses strip scanning with a width of 5mm to 10mm, such as 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm, and the overlap width between adjacent strips is 0.03mm to 0.07mm, such as 0.05mm. The strip scanning mode is conducive to further promoting the bonding of alloy powders, increasing the density of the resulting alloy parts, reducing defects such as pores and cracks, and thus providing a good microstructural foundation for improving damping performance. In addition, strip scanning can make the alloy powder undergo a more uniform melting and solidification cycle during the laser additive processing process, which is beneficial to the metallurgical structure change of the alloy and helps to improve the damping performance of the alloy.

[0053] S6. Aging treatment.

[0054] In some embodiments, the aging treatment temperature is 400° C. to 450° C., for example, 400° C., 410° C., 420° C., 430° C., 440° C., or 450° C., and the aging treatment time is 10 hours to 14 hours, for example, 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, 13 hours, or 14 hours. The manganese-copper alloy sample is subjected to aging treatment, and the aging treatment causes the manganese-copper alloy to undergo spinodal decomposition to form copper-rich regions and manganese-rich regions. During the cooling process to room temperature, a martensitic phase transformation occurs, promoting the formation of a large amount of twinned martensite, thereby improving the damping performance of the alloy.

[0055] Some embodiments of the present invention further provide the use of the manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance as described in the aforementioned embodiments in vibration-damping components of satellites, ships, rail transportation, or high-precision machine tools.

[0056] By utilizing the unique advantages of laser additive manufacturing in forming hollow, hollow, thin-walled and other complex structures, the vibration reduction components can be prepared, which can effectively realize the combination of manganese-copper damping alloy material vibration reduction and structural vibration reduction, making it widely used in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of high-end equipment such as satellites, ships, rail transportation, and high-precision machine tools.

[0057] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0060] (1) Powder preparation

[0061] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum air atomization. The powder composition was Cu 22%, Ni 5%, Mo 2%, Fe2%, Al 1%, Cr 1%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance was Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0062] (2) Powder processing

[0063] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder. The powder particles that did not meet the particle size were then sieved out through a sieve. The obtained manganese-copper alloy powder had a particle size of 15μm~53μm, a fluidity of 25s / 50g, and a bulk density of 4.0g / cm 3 .

[0064] (3) Powder storage

[0065] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it, set the substrate temperature to -20°C, and put the manganese-copper alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform, with a thickness of 0.07mm for each layer; fill in argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0066] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0067] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combinations of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness are 250W, 0.1mm, 600mm / s, 20s, and 0.07mm respectively, and the laser body energy density is 59.5J / mm 3 , the strip width is 5 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0°.

[0068] (5) Printing sample

[0069] (6) Time limit processing

[0070] Heat the heating furnace to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, keep the furnace empty for 5 minutes to ensure the temperature inside the furnace is stable. Finally, place the sample in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air cool to room temperature.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0073] (1) Powder preparation

[0074] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum gas atomization. The powder composition is Cu 25%, Ni 3%, Mo 1%, Fe5%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance is Mn element and other inevitable impurities. The SEM morphology is shown in the figure. Figure 2 shown.

[0075] (2) Powder processing

[0076] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder. The powder particles that did not meet the particle size were then sieved out through a sieve. The obtained manganese-copper alloy powder had a particle size of 15μm~53μm, a fluidity of 27s / 50g, and a bulk density of 4.2g / cm 3 .

[0077] (3) Powder storage

[0078] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it, preheat the substrate to -50°C, and load the alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform, with a thickness of 0.075mm for each layer; fill in argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0079] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0080] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combination of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness is 280 W, 0.1 mm, 600 mm / s, 40 s, 0.075 mm, and the laser body energy density is 62.2 J / mm3 , the strip width is 5 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0º.

[0081] (5) Printing sample

[0082] (6) Time limit processing

[0083] The heating furnace was heated to 420°C at a rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, the furnace was kept empty for five minutes to ensure a stable temperature. The specimen was placed in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0086] (1) Powder preparation

[0087] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum gas atomization. The powder composition was Cu 28%, Ni 5%, Fe 2%, Cr3%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance was Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0088] (2) Powder processing

[0089] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder, and then the powder particles that did not meet the particle size were sieved through a sieve.

[0090] (3) Powder storage

[0091] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it. Do not preheat the substrate and put the alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform. The thickness of each layer of powder is 0.09mm; fill with argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0092] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0093] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combination of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness is 240 W, 0.08 mm, 600 mm / s, 20 s, 0.09 mm, and the laser body energy density is 55.6 J / mm 3 , the strip width is 5 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0°.

[0094] (5) Printing sample

[0095] (6) Time limit processing

[0096] Heat the heating furnace to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, keep the furnace empty for five minutes to ensure the temperature inside the furnace is stable. Finally, place the sample in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air cool to room temperature.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0099] (1) Powder preparation

[0100] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum air atomization. The powder composition was Cu 30%, Ni 4.5%, Fe 1.6%, Al 0.8%, Cr 0.8%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance was Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0101] (2) Powder processing

[0102] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder, and then the powder particles that did not meet the particle size were sieved through a sieve.

[0103] (3) Powder storage

[0104] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it, preheat the substrate to 80°C, and put the alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform, with a thickness of 0.06mm for each layer of powder; fill in argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0105] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0106] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combination of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness is 220 W, 1 mm, 600 mm / s, 40 s, 0.06 mm, and the laser energy density is 61 J / mm 3 , the strip width is 8 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0º.

[0107] (5) Printing sample

[0108] (6) Time limit processing

[0109] Heat the heating furnace to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, keep the furnace empty for five minutes to ensure the temperature inside the furnace is stable. Finally, place the sample in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air cool to room temperature.

[0110] Example 5

[0111] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0112] (1) Powder preparation

[0113] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum air atomization. The powder composition was Cu 22%, Ni 5%, Fe 2%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance was Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0114] (2) Powder processing

[0115] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder, and then the powder particles that did not meet the particle size were sieved through a sieve.

[0116] (3) Powder storage

[0117] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it, preheat the substrate to 160°C, and load the alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform, with a thickness of 0.06mm for each layer of powder; fill in argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0118] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0119] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combinations of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness are 260 W, 0.08 mm, 1000 mm / s, 40s, and 0.06 mm, respectively, and the laser body energy density is 54.2 J / mm 3 , the strip width is 8 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0º.

[0120] (5) Printing sample

[0121] (6) Time limit processing

[0122] Heat the heating furnace to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, keep the furnace empty for five minutes to ensure the temperature inside the furnace is stable. Finally, place the sample in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air cool to room temperature.

[0123] Example 6

[0124] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, comprising the following steps:

[0125] (1) Powder preparation

[0126] Manganese-copper alloy powder was prepared by vacuum air atomization. The powder composition was Cu 28%, Ni 5%, Mo 2%, Fe2%, C 0.025%, Si 0.015%, S 0.02%, P 0.004%, and the balance was Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

[0127] (2) Powder processing

[0128] The manganese-copper alloy powder was dried in a dryer at 110°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the alloy powder, and then the powder particles that did not meet the particle size were sieved through a sieve.

[0129] (3) Powder storage

[0130] Select a substrate and use sandpaper to polish any oxide scale and impurities that may exist on the substrate; install the substrate slightly higher than the printing table and level it, preheat the substrate to 200°C, and load the alloy powder processed in (2) into the powder bin; install a scraper so that it fits the surface of the substrate, then move the scraper to evenly spread the powder in the powder bin on the printing platform, with a thickness of 0.08mm for each layer; fill in argon gas to control the printing environment and provide atmosphere protection.

[0131] (4) Importing data and printing parameters

[0132] Import the sample slice data into the printing device operation interface and enter the printing parameters: the process parameter combination of laser power, scanning spacing, scanning speed, scanning interval and layer thickness is 260 W, 0.08 mm, 500 mm / s, 40s, 0.08 mm, and the laser body energy density is 81.3 J / mm 3 , the strip width is 8 mm, and the laser rotation angle of adjacent layers is 0º.

[0133] (5) Printing sample

[0134] (6) Time limit processing

[0135] Heat the heating furnace to 420°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After reaching 420°C, keep the furnace empty for five minutes to ensure the temperature inside the furnace is stable. Finally, place the sample in the heating furnace for 12 hours of aging, and then air cool to room temperature.

[0136] Comparative Example 1

[0137] The only difference from Example 1 is that the laser scanning angles of adjacent layers are deflected by 67°.

[0138] Comparative Example 2

[0139] The only difference from Example 1 is that the laser scanning angles of adjacent layers are deflected by 90°.

[0140] Comparative Example 3

[0141] The only difference from Example 1 is that the layer thickness is 0.15 mm and the laser power is 360 W.

[0142] Comparative Example 4

[0143] The only difference from Example 1 is that the scanning interval is 120s.

[0144] Comparative Example 5

[0145] The only difference from Example 1 is that the substrate preheating temperature is 350°C.

[0146] Comparative Example 6

[0147] The only difference from Example 1 is that the substrate preheating temperature is -100°C.

[0148] Comparative Example 7

[0149] The only difference from Example 1 is: Cr 8%.

[0150] Comparative Example 8

[0151] The only difference from Example 1 is: Ni 10%.

[0152] The manganese-copper alloys prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were tested for amplitude damping properties (frequency 1 Hz) at room temperature using a DMA 850 dynamic thermal analyzer in dual cantilever mode. ) is 8×10 -4 The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0153] Table 1 Strain amplitude of manganese-copper alloy at room temperature =8×10 -4 Damping performance

[0154]

[0155] As shown in Table 1, when the laser scanning angle is fixed at 0°, Examples 1-6 all exhibit high damping performance, which verifies the previous explanation: the 0° laser scanning strategy is more conducive to heat accumulation, increasing the temperature gradient, and is beneficial to <001> Oriented columnar grains are formed, which improves the damping performance of the sample.

[0156] The results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 show that the 0° scanning strategy can help to a great extent <001> The formation of oriented columnar grains can be further improved by optimizing other process parameters. <001> The proportion of oriented columnar grains.

[0157] The results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3-6 show that within the reasonable range of laser process parameters, strong <001> Texture to improve damping performance.

[0158] The results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 7-8 show that: within a reasonable composition range, the printing process parameters are optimized to form a strong <001> Texture improves the damping performance of materials.

[0159] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, characterized in that: It includes: Manganese copper alloy powder is laser scanned and printed layer by layer using laser powder bed fusion technology, and then the printed alloy is directly aged; The chemical composition of the manganese copper alloy powder is: Cu 10%~40%, Ni 2%~7%, Mo 0%~3%, Cr 0%~5%, Fe 1%~5%, Al 0%~3%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, and the balance is Mn element and other inevitable impurities; the laser power of the layer-by-layer scanning printing is 80W~300W, the scanning speed is 400mm / s~1200mm / s, the scanning pitch is 0.08mm~0.12mm, the scanning interval is 10s~60s, the laser scanning method adopts strip scanning with a width of 5mm~10mm, the overlapping width between adjacent strips is 0.03mm~0.07mm, and there is no angle rotation between adjacent layers, that is, 0°; the particle size of the manganese-copper alloy powder is 15μm~53μm, the fluidity is 20s / 50g~35s / 50g, and the bulk density is 3.5g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3 The thickness of each layer of powder is 0.05mm~0.1mm, and the laser energy density during printing is 50J / mm 3 ~150J / mm 3 ; The printing substrate is a substrate with the same chemical composition as the manganese-copper alloy powder; the temperature of the direct aging treatment is 400° C. to 450° C., and the time is 10 h to 14 h.

2. The method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the manganese-copper alloy powder is: Cu 22%-30%, Ni 3%-5%, Mo 0%-3%, Cr 0%-3%, Fe 1%-5%, Al 0%-2%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.005%, and the balance is Mn element and other inevitable impurities.

3. The method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Before starting printing, the printing substrate is temperature-controlled to control the temperature of the printing substrate to be -50°C to 200°C.

4. The method for preparing a manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before starting printing, the printing substrate is temperature-controlled to control the temperature of the printing substrate to be between -50°C and 50°C.

5. A manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance, characterized in that: The compound is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Use of the manganese-copper alloy with high damping performance as claimed in claim 5 in vibration-damping components of satellites, ships, rail transportation or high-precision machine tools.

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