System and method for enhancing hard alloy surface performance through cooperation of electron beam and high-energy laser pulse

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit materials, in particular to an electron beam and high-energy laser pulse synergistic hard alloy surface performance enhancing system and method. The system comprises a composite energy source unit, an ultra-precision movement and positioning unit, a multi-physics field real-time monitoring and intelligent control unit, a data processing unit, a vacuum processing unit and a post-processing unit, the method comprising the system can be used for efficiently and accurately processing, intelligent closed-loop control is realized, and the system is wide in applicability, green, environment-friendly and high in practicability. The hard alloy mold manufactured through the method is high in hardness, low in abrasion loss, high in corrosion resistance and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of advanced material surface engineering, and in particular relates to a system and method for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses. Background Art

[0002] As a key basic material for modern industry, cemented carbide plays an irreplaceable role in many fields. However, as industrial technology develops towards extreme and precise processing, the performance shortcomings of cemented carbide under extreme working conditions such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-high stress, and strong corrosion are becoming increasingly prominent. Existing surface treatment technologies, such as traditional chemical coating and physical vapor deposition, have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and poor environmental performance, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of high-end manufacturing for material performance. Although high-energy laser processing technology has shown certain potential, single laser processing has defects such as uneven energy distribution, limited element diffusion depth, and insufficient precision in controlling surface microstructure. As a result, it is difficult to achieve a qualitative breakthrough in cemented carbide surface modification. Although electron beam processing technology has certain applications in material surface modification, when used alone, it has problems such as large processing area limitations and easy thermal damage to the material surface.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a composite processing technology that uses both electron beam and high-energy laser pulses to break through the existing technical bottleneck and achieve a leap-forward improvement in the surface performance of cemented carbide. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses, wherein the system comprises: A composite energy source unit comprising an integrated pulsed electron beam generator and a fiber laser equipped with a pulse modulator for processing cemented carbide components; an ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, comprising a magnetically suspended six-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning platform and a laser interferometer, for fixing the carbide element; Multi-physics field real-time monitoring and intelligent control unit: including infrared thermal imager, micro-area stress sensor and element distribution online detector; Data processing unit, including a high-performance graphics processor cluster; A vacuum processing unit, comprising a vacuum processing chamber, the vacuum processing chamber comprising a molecular pump and an ion pump, the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit being disposed in the vacuum processing unit; The post-processing unit includes a pulse electric field generating device, a liquid nitrogen spray cooling system and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing module.

[0005] The data processing unit uses edge computing based on a deep learning algorithm to perform real-time analysis and prediction on the monitoring data obtained by the composite energy source unit from the cemented carbide element fixed to the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, generates control instructions within sub-millisecond time, drives the composite energy source unit and the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit to adjust parameters, and obtains full closed-loop intelligent control of the processing process. After the processing is completed, post-processing is performed by the post-processing unit to obtain cemented carbide.

[0006] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by combining the above-mentioned electron beam and high-energy laser pulse, wherein the method comprises: S1: Use plasma cleaning to clean the cemented carbide workpiece. Set the parameters of the electron beam and high-energy laser pulse according to the composition, structure and performance requirements of the cemented carbide workpiece, and determine the coordinated timing and spatial overlap of the electron beam and laser pulses; S2: The cemented carbide workpiece cleaned in S1 is placed in a vacuum treatment chamber. According to the parameters set in S1, the surface is first activated using an electron beam, and then melted layer by layer using high-energy laser pulses to form a composite strengthening layer consisting of a nano-amorphous layer, a nano-crystalline layer, and an ultra-fine crystal layer from the surface to the substrate. During the processing, the monitoring data is obtained through the multi-physical field real-time monitoring system to adjust the parameters of the electron beam and laser pulse set by S1; S3: Apply a pulsed electric field with a frequency of 1-10 MHz and an electric field strength of 1-10 kV / cm in a vacuum environment with liquid nitrogen spray cooling, and a cooling rate of 10 6 -10 8 ℃ / s, and obtain cemented carbide.

[0007] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the system for enhancing the surface performance of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses or the method for enhancing the surface performance of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses in the fields of mechanical processing, aerospace, and energy mining.

[0008] Beneficial effects: (1) Through the coordinated processing of the electron beam and high-energy laser pulse of the present invention, the surface hardness of cemented carbide can be increased to 2000-3000 HV, which is 2-3 times higher than that of traditional cemented carbide; the wear resistance is significantly enhanced, and under the same working conditions, the wear amount is reduced by 70%-90%; the corrosion resistance is increased by 3-5 times, effectively extending the service life of cemented carbide workpieces and meeting the high performance requirements of high-end equipment manufacturing for materials.

[0009] (2) The adaptive pulse modulation technology and high-precision motion control unit adopted by the system of the present invention realize the dynamic optimization of laser processing parameters and the precise control of processing trajectory, which improves the processing efficiency by 30%-50% compared with traditional methods. At the same time, it can meet the surface modification requirements of complex curved workpieces and ensure the consistency and stability of processing quality.

[0010] (3) The real-time monitoring and feedback unit is combined with advanced machine learning algorithms to build an intelligent closed-loop control system for the processing process, which can quickly respond to various changes in the processing process, automatically optimize processing parameters, reduce human intervention, improve the level of production automation and product qualification rate, and reduce production costs.

[0011] (4) The system and method of the present invention are applicable to cemented carbide workpieces of different compositions, shapes and sizes. The processing parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to achieve a variety of surface performance improvement goals. It has good versatility and scalability and can provide high-performance cemented carbide material solutions for multiple fields such as mechanical processing, aerospace, and energy mining.

[0012] (5) Compared with traditional chemical surface treatment methods, the present invention adopts high-energy laser pulse treatment technology, which does not require the use of a large amount of chemical reagents, reduces the emission of pollutants such as wastewater and exhaust gas, and meets the requirements of green manufacturing and sustainable development. Figures in the specification Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the device structure for synergistically enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by electron beam and high-energy laser pulse. Among them, 1. Machining device table; 2. Integrated operation console; 3. Pulsed laser beam and electron beam; 4. Pulsed laser beam and electron beam generator and control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The endpoints of the ranges and any values ​​disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0014] A first aspect of the present invention provides a system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining an electron beam with a high-energy laser pulse, wherein the system comprises: A composite energy source unit comprising an integrated pulsed electron beam generator and a fiber laser equipped with a pulse modulator for processing cemented carbide components; an ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, comprising a magnetically suspended six-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning platform and a laser interferometer, for fixing the carbide element; Multi-physics field real-time monitoring and intelligent control unit: including infrared thermal imager, micro-area stress sensor and element distribution online detector; Data processing unit, including a high-performance graphics processor cluster; A vacuum processing unit, comprising a vacuum processing chamber, the vacuum processing chamber comprising a molecular pump and an ion pump, the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit being disposed in the vacuum processing unit; The post-processing unit includes a pulse electric field generating device, a liquid nitrogen spray cooling system and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing module.

[0015] The data processing unit uses edge computing based on a deep learning algorithm to perform real-time analysis and prediction on the monitoring data obtained by the composite energy source unit from the cemented carbide element fixed to the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, generates control instructions within sub-millisecond time, drives the composite energy source unit and the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit to adjust parameters, and obtains full closed-loop intelligent control of the processing process. After the processing is completed, post-processing is performed by the post-processing unit to obtain cemented carbide.

[0016] In the present invention, the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit realizes nanometer-level precise positioning and motion of the workpiece in three-dimensional space. The motion control module has an intelligent trajectory planning function based on model predictive control (MPC). It can generate the optimal composite scanning trajectory according to the geometric characteristics and processing requirements of the complex curved workpiece, and make real-time dynamic corrections during the processing process to ensure that the electron beam and laser pulse always act accurately on the target area.

[0017] In the present invention, the data processing unit adopts a high-performance graphics processing unit (GPU) cluster and edge computing technology, performs real-time analysis and prediction of monitoring data based on deep learning algorithms, generates control instructions within sub-millisecond time, drives the composite energy source unit and ultra-precision motion and positioning unit to adjust parameters, and realizes full closed-loop intelligent control of the processing process.

[0018] In this invention, the post-processing unit integrates a pulsed electric field generator, a liquid nitrogen spray cooling system, and an ultrasonic vibration-assisted processing module, enabling coordinated control of multiple post-processing processes. It is also equipped with high-end material characterization equipment for comprehensive performance testing and analysis of treated workpieces. The data management system features big data analysis and machine learning capabilities, providing data support for process optimization and new product development.

[0019] According to the present invention, the maximum power of the integrated pulse electron beam generator is 1 MW, and the pulse width of the integrated pulse electron beam generator is 5-100 ps.

[0020] According to the present invention, the peak power of the fiber laser is 10 12 W, the pulse width of the fiber laser is 50-500 fs.

[0021] According to the present invention, the time error of the integrated pulse electron beam generator and the ultrashort pulse fiber laser is less than 1 ps, and the position error is less than 10 nm.

[0022] In this invention, an intelligent collaborative control module is used to achieve precise timing synchronization (time error < 1 ps) and spatial coupling (position error < 10 nm) between the electron beam and the laser pulse. According to the present invention, the time resolution of the infrared thermal imager is less than 1 μs, and the resolution of the micro-area stress sensor is less than 1 MPa.

[0023] In the present invention, a multi-physical field real-time monitoring and intelligent control unit is equipped with a variety of highly sensitive sensors to collect multi-physical field information in real time during the processing process.

[0024] According to the present invention, the vacuum degree of the vacuum processing chamber is 10 -6 -10 -8 Pa.

[0025] In the present invention, maintaining the above-mentioned vacuum degree effectively avoids oxidation and contamination of materials during the treatment process.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by combining the above-mentioned electron beam and high-energy laser pulse, wherein the method comprises: S1: Use plasma cleaning to clean the cemented carbide workpiece. Set the parameters of the electron beam and high-energy laser pulse according to the composition, structure and performance requirements of the cemented carbide workpiece, and determine the coordinated timing and spatial overlap of the electron beam and laser pulses; S2: The cemented carbide workpiece cleaned in S1 is placed in a vacuum treatment chamber. According to the parameters set in S1, the surface is first activated using an electron beam, and then melted layer by layer using high-energy laser pulses to form a composite strengthening layer consisting of a nano-amorphous layer, a nano-crystalline layer, and an ultra-fine crystal layer from the surface to the substrate. During the processing, the monitoring data is obtained through the multi-physical field real-time monitoring system to adjust the parameters of the electron beam and laser pulse set by S1; S3: Apply a pulsed electric field with a frequency of 1-10 MHz and an electric field strength of 1-10 kV / cm in a vacuum environment with liquid nitrogen spray cooling, and a cooling rate of 10 6 -10 8 ℃ / s, and obtain cemented carbide.

[0027] In the present invention, the S1 cleaning treatment thoroughly removes surface oil, oxide layer and impurities to ensure a clean surface.

[0028] In the present invention, S3 adopts pulse electric field assisted cooling technology to further refine the grains, eliminate residual stress and stabilize the microstructure.

[0029] In the present invention, the composition of the cemented carbide workpiece described in S1 can be WC-Co or WC-TiC-Co system.

[0030] According to the present invention, the parameters of the electron beam include: acceleration voltage 10-50 kV, beam current density 0.1-5 A / cm 2 , scanning frequency 10-100 Hz.

[0031] According to the present invention, the parameters of the high-energy laser pulse include: pulse energy 3-30 J, pulse frequency 5-200 kHz, pulse width 5-200 ns, scanning speed 2-80 mm / s, and scanning spacing 0.02-0.8 mm.

[0032] According to the present invention, the vacuum processing chamber has six-degree-of-freedom nanometer-level positioning accuracy, a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 nm, and a repeat positioning accuracy of ±0.01 nm.

[0033] According to the present invention, the multi-physical field real-time monitoring system includes an ultra-high sensitivity electron backscatter diffractometer and a femtosecond time-resolved spectrometer.

[0034] In the present invention, during the processing process, a multi-physics field real-time monitoring system (including an ultra-high-sensitivity electron backscatter diffractometer, a femtosecond time-resolved spectrometer, etc.) is used to collect multi-dimensional data such as the temperature field, stress field, element diffusion field, and microstructural evolution of the workpiece surface in real time. Based on a deep learning reinforcement learning algorithm, the monitoring data is analyzed and predicted in real time, and the parameters of the electron beam and laser pulse are dynamically adjusted to achieve intelligent adaptive optimization of the processing process. For example, when it is detected that the local stress on the surface is too high, the electron beam scanning path and the laser pulse energy distribution are automatically adjusted to release the stress; when it is found that the element diffusion is not as expected, the coordinated timing is optimized to enhance the element diffusion effect.

[0035] According to the present invention, the depth of the composite strengthening layer is 0.2-2 mm.

[0036] In the present invention, a layered multi-mode composite scanning strategy is adopted. First, an electron beam is used to perform surface activation treatment. Then, high-energy laser pulses are used to perform layer-by-layer melting treatment in a variable spot, variable energy, and variable frequency manner to form a gradient nanocrystalline structure on the surface of the workpiece. The depth of the composite strengthening layer is 0.2-2 mm. The formed composite strengthening layer is a nano-amorphous layer, a nano-crystalline layer, and an ultrafine crystal layer from the surface to the matrix, thereby achieving gradient optimization of performance.

[0037] In the present invention, cemented carbide is tested, and the tests include surface nanohardness distribution, nano-friction and wear characteristics, high-temperature and high-pressure corrosion behavior, and ultra-high cycle fatigue performance. The test data is fed back to a multi-parameter collaborative model in real time to optimize the processing parameters of subsequent similar workpieces, forming an intelligent closed-loop optimization system.

[0038] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the system for enhancing the surface performance of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses or the method for enhancing the surface performance of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses in the fields of mechanical processing, aerospace, and energy mining.

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative improvements are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The performance test of cemented carbide was carried out using conventional testing methods in this field.

[0041] Example 1 Enhanced surface properties of cemented carbide dies for manufacturing aero-engine turbine blades.

[0042] S1. Clean the carbide mold to remove surface contaminants and make the surface clean.

[0043] To address the complex curved surface structure of aircraft engine turbine blades and the high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-speed service environments, a computationally optimized multi-parameter collaborative model was used to determine the electron beam parameters: accelerating voltage of 30 kV, beam current density of 1.5 A / cm², and scanning frequency of 50 Hz. High-energy laser pulse parameters: pulse energy of 15 J, pulse frequency of 100 kHz, pulse width of 80 ns, scanning speed of 30 mm / s, and scanning spacing of 0.1 mm. The coordinated timing of the electron beam and laser pulses was also determined: the electron beam first acts for 10 μs, followed by the laser pulse for 50 μs, with a spatial overlap of 80%.

[0044] S2. Place the mold on a magnetically suspended six-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning platform in a vacuum processing chamber with a positioning accuracy of -0.1 nm and a repeatability accuracy of -0.01 nm. Through precise coupling technology, the electron beam and laser pulses are precisely applied to the mold surface.

[0045] During the processing, a multi-physics field real-time monitoring system collects temperature, stress, and element diffusion information from the mold surface. If it detects excessively high temperatures in a local area, potentially causing mold deformation, the intelligent control unit immediately adjusts the laser pulse energy and scanning speed, while optimizing the electron beam scanning path to achieve uniform temperature distribution. A layered, multi-mode composite scanning strategy is employed, first activating the mold surface with an electron beam, then layer-by-layer melting with laser pulses, forming a 1.2 mm thick gradient nanocrystalline reinforcement layer on the mold surface.

[0046] After S3 treatment, the pulse electric field assisted cooling technology was used in conjunction with liquid nitrogen spray cooling, and the cooling rate reached 8×10 6 ℃ / s, effectively eliminating residual stress and stabilizing the microstructure.

[0047] Atom probe tomography and nanoindentation creep testing systems were used to examine the mold surface. The results showed a surface nanohardness of 4500 HV, significantly improving nano-friction and wear properties. Under simulated aircraft engine operating conditions, the wear rate was reduced to one-third of that of the untreated mold. The mold's corrosion resistance was doubled, and its service life in high-temperature gas corrosive environments was extended by three times, significantly improving the manufacturing precision and mold life of aircraft engine turbine blades.

[0048] Example 2 Improved surface performance of carbide drill bits used in deep-sea oil and gas extraction.

[0049] S1. Clean the carbide drill bit to remove the surface oxide layer and impurities.

[0050] To address the complex deep-sea operating conditions of ultra-high pressure, severe corrosion, and high wear, a multi-parameter collaborative model was used to determine the following electron beam parameters: accelerating voltage of 40 kV, beam current density of 3 A / cm², and scanning frequency of 80 Hz. High-energy laser pulse parameters: pulse energy of 25 J, pulse frequency of 150 kHz, pulse width of 120 ns, scanning speed of 40 mm / s, and scanning spacing of 0.15 mm. The coordinated timing of the electron beam and laser pulses was: the electron beam first applied for 15 μs, followed by the laser pulse for 60 μs, with a spatial overlap of 75%.

[0051] S2. The drill bit is installed on the positioning platform of the vacuum processing chamber with a positioning accuracy of 0.1 nm and a repeat positioning accuracy of 0.01 nm. Ultra-precision motion control and precise coupling technology are used to achieve precise effects of electron beam and laser pulse on the complex curved surface of the drill bit.

[0052] A real-time monitoring system continuously collects multi-physics field information from the drill bit surface, and an intelligent control unit dynamically adjusts processing parameters based on this data. During processing, if insufficient element diffusion is detected at the drill bit's cutting edge, the timing and energy distribution of the electron beam and laser pulses are promptly optimized to enhance element diffusion. A layered, multi-mode composite scanning strategy is employed to form a 1.8 mm thick composite strengthening layer on the drill bit surface.

[0053] S3. Use pulsed electric field assisted cooling and ultrasonic vibration assisted processing to further refine grains and eliminate stress.

[0054] Testing has shown that the drill bit's surface nanohardness reaches 5000 HV, and its corrosion resistance is three times higher than before treatment. The corrosion rate in the highly corrosive deep-sea environment has been reduced to one-third of its original level. In actual deep-sea oil and gas production operations, compared to untreated drill bits, wear has been reduced by 50% and the service life has been extended by two times, significantly reducing deep-sea production costs and improving production efficiency and safety.

[0055] As can be seen from Examples 1 and 2, the system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses provided by the present invention and the method comprising the system have high hardness, low wear, strong corrosion resistance, and long service life. The revolutionary improvement of the surface properties of cemented carbide molds has huge technical advantages and broad market application prospects. The above description is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams with high-energy laser pulses, characterized in that: The system comprises: A composite energy source unit comprising an integrated pulsed electron beam generator and a fiber laser equipped with a pulse modulator for processing cemented carbide components; an ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, comprising a magnetically suspended six-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning platform and a laser interferometer, for fixing the carbide element; Multi-physics field real-time monitoring and intelligent control unit: including infrared thermal imager, micro-area stress sensor and element distribution online detector; Data processing unit, including a high-performance graphics processor cluster; A vacuum processing unit, comprising a vacuum processing chamber, the vacuum processing chamber comprising a molecular pump and an ion pump, the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit being disposed in the vacuum processing unit; Post-processing unit, including a pulsed electric field generator, a liquid nitrogen spray cooling system, and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing module; The data processing unit uses edge computing based on a deep learning algorithm to perform real-time analysis and prediction on the monitoring data obtained by the composite energy source unit from the cemented carbide element fixed to the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit, generates control instructions within sub-millisecond time, drives the composite energy source unit and the ultra-precision motion and positioning unit to adjust parameters, and obtains full closed-loop intelligent control of the processing process. After the processing is completed, post-processing is performed by the post-processing unit to obtain cemented carbide.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The maximum power of the integrated pulse electron beam generator is 1 MW, and the pulse width of the integrated pulse electron beam generator is 5-100 ps; The peak power of the fiber laser is 10 12 W, the pulse width of the fiber laser is 50-500fs; The time error of the integrated pulse electron beam generator and the ultrashort pulse fiber laser is less than 1 ps, and the position error is less than 10 nm.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The time resolution of the infrared thermal imager is less than 1 μs, and the resolution of the micro-area stress sensor is less than 1 MPa; The vacuum degree of the vacuum treatment chamber is 10 -6 -10 -8 Pa.

4. A method comprising the system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams and high-energy laser pulses as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1: Use plasma cleaning to clean the cemented carbide workpiece. Set the parameters of the electron beam and high-energy laser pulse according to the composition, structure and performance requirements of the cemented carbide workpiece, and determine the coordinated timing and spatial overlap of the electron beam and laser pulses; S2: The cemented carbide workpiece cleaned in S1 is placed in a vacuum treatment chamber. According to the parameters set in S1, the surface is first activated using an electron beam, and then melted layer by layer using high-energy laser pulses to form a composite strengthening layer consisting of a nano-amorphous layer, a nano-crystalline layer, and an ultra-fine crystal layer from the surface to the substrate. During the processing, the monitoring data is obtained through the multi-physical field real-time monitoring system to adjust the parameters of the electron beam and laser pulse set by S1; S3: Apply a pulsed electric field with a frequency of 1-10 MHz and an electric field strength of 1-10 kV / cm in a vacuum environment with liquid nitrogen spray cooling, and a cooling rate of 10 6 -10 8 ℃ / s, and obtain cemented carbide.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The parameters of the electron beam include: acceleration voltage 10-50 kV, beam current density 0.1-5 A / cm 2 , scanning frequency 10-100Hz.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The parameters of the high-energy laser pulse include: pulse energy 3-30J, pulse frequency 5-200kHz, pulse width 5-200ns, scanning speed 2-80mm / s, and scanning spacing 0.02-0.8mm.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The vacuum processing chamber has six-degree-of-freedom nanometer-level positioning accuracy, a positioning accuracy of ±0.1nm, and a repeat positioning accuracy of ±0.01nm.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The multi-physical field real-time monitoring system includes an ultra-high sensitivity electron backscatter diffractometer and a femtosecond time-resolved spectrometer.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The depth of the composite strengthening layer is 0.2-2 mm.

10. Application of the system for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams and high-energy laser pulses as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the method for enhancing the surface properties of cemented carbide by synergistically combining electron beams and high-energy laser pulses as described in any one of claims 4 to 9 in the fields of mechanical processing, aerospace, and energy extraction.

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