Railway transportation loading and unloading device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of railway transportation, in particular to a railway transportation loading and unloading device. The railway transportation loading and unloading device comprises a main machine frame and an adjustable machine frame located at the position of the discharging end of the main machine frame, a belt body is arranged on the main machine frame and the adjustable machine frame, and the railway transportation loading and unloading device further comprises a rotary connecting mechanism which is composed of a connecting part and a driving part; the transmission mechanism is installed between the main machine frame and the adjustable machine frame, and a motor for driving the transmission mechanism is installed on the main machine frame; the auxiliary supporting assembly is installed at the position, close to the discharging end, in the adjustable rack. The adjustable machine frame can rotate in the horizontal direction relative to the main machine frame, meanwhile, the adjustable machine frame can be adjusted in a telescopic mode, and therefore the discharging end of the whole conveyor can be steered and extend towards the deep position of a compartment, cargoes can be directly conveyed to the deep position of the compartment, the workload of workers can be reduced, and meanwhile the cargo conveying efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railway transportation, and in particular to a railway transportation loading and unloading device. Background Art

[0002] Rail transport is a land transport method that uses two parallel rails to guide trains. It is one of the most efficient known land transport methods.

[0003] For the loading and unloading of goods during rail transport, auxiliary equipment such as conveyors are required. In practice, conveyors can be used to transport goods to the opening of the freight car, and then the goods are moved and stacked inside the car.

[0004] However, there are still the following defects and deficiencies in the implementation and application process: For the existing carriage design, its opening is some distance away from the farthest point of the carriage, and the conveyor can only transport goods to the opening of the carriage. Therefore, workers are required to move the goods from the unloading end of the conveyor to a position deep in the carriage, which not only increases the workload of the workers, but also affects the transportation efficiency of the goods.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new railway transportation loading and unloading device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a railway transportation loading and unloading device.

[0007] The railway transport loading and unloading device provided by the present invention includes a main frame and an adjustable frame located at the unloading end of the main frame. The main frame is detachably connected to the carriage so that one end thereof and the adjustable frame mounted thereon are located inside the carriage, while the other end thereof is located outside the carriage. A belt body is provided on the main frame and the adjustable frame. The device further includes: A rotating connection mechanism, the rotating connection mechanism consisting of a connecting portion and a driving portion, the connecting portion being fixed to the main frame and the adjustable frame so that the adjustable frame can rotate horizontally relative to the main frame; A transmission mechanism is installed between the main frame and the adjustable frame, and a motor for driving the transmission mechanism is installed on the main frame to make the rollers for conveying the belt body in the main frame and the adjustable frame rotate synchronously; An auxiliary support assembly is installed in the adjustable frame near the unloading end. The auxiliary support assembly can be set up inside the carriage to support and position the adjustable frame.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustable frame includes a first positioning frame and a sliding frame, the sliding frame is movably mounted on the first positioning frame, and the moving direction is along the length direction of the first positioning frame to change the length of the entire adjustable frame, and a blanking platform is fixed to the other end of the sliding frame; A first guide roller is rotatably connected to the interior of the first positioning frame, and a second guide roller located below the first guide roller is rotatably connected to the interior of the sliding frame. The belt passes through the first and second guide rollers in a Z-shape. A transmission roller connected to the transmission mechanism and used to transport the belt is rotatably connected to the position of the sliding frame near the unloading end. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the side of the first positioning frame through a fixing clip, and a first tripod is fixed to the side of the sliding frame with bolts. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder has a connecting ring, and the connecting ring is fixed to the first tripod by bolts, so that the first hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the sliding frame to move relative to the first positioning frame.

[0009] Preferably, there is a certain distance between the first positioning frame and the main frame, and a retractable rubber protective cover is provided at the distance for sealing.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting portion includes two second positioning frames, the two second positioning frames are respectively fixed to the main frame and the first positioning frame, a first end connecting plate and a second end connecting plate are respectively fixed to the two second positioning frames, and two intermediate connecting plates are provided between the first end connecting plate and the second end connecting plate; One side of the first end connecting plate has an arc-shaped locking groove, and a radially arranged connecting arm is welded and fixed at a position located at the center of the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped locking groove, and the first end connecting plate also has a stopper located at the end of the arc-shaped locking groove; A hinged frame is provided at the center of one side of the second end connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting arm can be inserted into the hinged frame and rotatably connected via an axis. Two wing arms are also integrally connected to the second end connecting plate at a position away from the center, and the wing arms are adapted to be connected to the inside of the locking groove; One side of the intermediate connecting plate has the same arc-shaped locking groove, connecting arm and stop block as those on the first end connecting plate, which is used for adaptive connection with the second end connecting plate; the other side has the same hinge frame and wing arm as those on the second end connecting plate, which is used for adaptive connection with the first end connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a first positioning groove is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the arc-shaped locking groove in the circumferential direction, and a first positioning slider is integrally connected to the circumferential surface of the wing arm, and the first positioning slider slides inside the first positioning groove.

[0012] Preferably, the second end connecting plate and the two middle connecting plates can be rotated independently, and the maximum rotation angle of any connecting plate is 30°, while the maximum rotation angle of the entire connecting portion is 90°.

[0013] Preferably, the driving part includes two positioning pins, the two positioning pins are respectively welded and fixed to the lower end of the first end connecting plate and the adjacent middle connecting plate, and a rotatable second hydraulic cylinder is installed between the two positioning pins; A positioning shaft is welded and fixed to the lower ends of the second end connecting plate and the two middle connecting plates. The positioning shaft is concentrically arranged with the shaft connecting the connecting arm and the articulated frame. One or two sprockets are welded and fixed to the three positioning shafts, and the sprockets on adjacent positioning shafts are connected by chains.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes two roller transmission shafts, which are respectively mounted on the main frame and the first positioning frame, and the roller transmission shafts on the main frame are fixed to the output end of the motor through a coupling; A worm is mounted on the roller transmission shaft, and a second leg is fixed to the lower end of the first end connecting plate and the second end connecting plate. A fixed transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the two second leg. A worm wheel meshing with the worm is welded and fixed to one end of the fixed transmission shaft. A telescopic transmission shaft is further provided between the two fixed transmission shafts, and the fixed transmission shaft and the telescopic transmission shaft are connected via a universal joint. The telescopic transmission shaft includes a first barrel rod and a first extension rod that slides axially inside the first barrel rod. The circumferential inner wall of the first barrel rod is provided with an axial second positioning slider, and the circumferential outer wall of the first extension rod is provided with a second positioning groove that is adaptively connected to the second positioning slider.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary support assembly includes a third tripod, the third tripod is bolted to the lower end of the sliding frame, a second tubular rod is rotatably connected to the third tripod, a circumferential outer wall of the second tubular rod has a plurality of axially distributed clamping holes, and a second extension rod is axially slidable inside the second tubular rod, the second extension rod has an elastic bayonet pin that is adapted to any clamping hole, and the other end of the second extension rod is fixed to a connecting end seat; A supporting foot is also provided at the end of the connecting end seat, and a spherical connector is welded and fixed at the center of the upper end of the supporting foot. The spherical connector is embedded in the connecting end seat so that the supporting foot can be universally rotated, and the lower end of the supporting foot is also provided with teeth.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, the railway transport loading and unloading device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The adjustable frame can rotate horizontally relative to the main frame. At the same time, the adjustable frame itself can be telescopically adjusted, so that the unloading end of the entire conveyor can be turned and extended toward the depth of the carriage. The goods can be transported directly to the depth of the carriage, which can reduce the workload of workers and improve the efficiency of cargo transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the railway transport loading and unloading device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting components of the main frame and the adjustable frame shown in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the adjustable rack shown in the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the adjustable rack shown in the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the rotary connection mechanism shown in the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the rotary connection mechanism shown in the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting portion shown in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving part of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission mechanism shown in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission mechanism shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary support assembly shown in the present invention.

[0018] Numbers in the figure: 1, main frame; 11, motor; 12, rubber cover; 2. Adjustable frame; 21. First positioning frame; 22. First guide roller; 23. Sliding frame; 24. Second guide roller; 25. Transmission roller; 26. Unloading platform; 27. Fixing clamp; 28. First hydraulic cylinder; 29. ​​First tripod; 3. Belt body; 4. Rotary connection mechanism; 41. Connecting portion; 411. Second positioning frame; 412. First end connecting plate; 413. Second end connecting plate; 414. Intermediate connecting plate; 415. Arc-shaped locking groove; 416. Connecting arm; 417. Stopper; 418. First positioning slide; 419. Articulated frame; 4110. Wing arm; 4111. First positioning slide; 42. Driving unit; 421. Positioning pin; 422. Second hydraulic cylinder; 423. Positioning shaft; 424. Sprocket; 425. Chain; 5. Transmission mechanism; 51. Roller transmission shaft; 52. Worm; 53. Second leg; 54. Fixed transmission shaft; 55. Worm gear; 56. Telescopic transmission shaft; 57. Universal joint; 58. First cylindrical rod; 59. First extension rod; 510. Second positioning slider; 511. Second positioning chute; 6. Auxiliary support assembly; 61. Third tripod; 62. Second tube rod; 63. Clamp hole; 64. Second extension rod; 65. Elastic bayonet; 66. Connecting end seat; 67. Support foot plate; 68. Spherical connector; 69. Teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 11 An embodiment of the present invention provides a railway transport loading and unloading device, which includes a frame, a belt body 3, a rotating connection mechanism 4, a transmission mechanism 5 and an auxiliary support assembly 6.

[0022] The frame is composed of a main frame 1 and an adjustable frame 2, and a belt body 3 is set on the main frame 1 and the adjustable frame 2. The main frame 1 is detachably connected to the carriage so that one end of the main frame and the adjustable frame 2 installed on the end are located inside the carriage, and the other end is located outside the carriage; See also Figures 1 to 4 , a motor 11 is mounted on the main frame 1; The adjustable frame 2 includes a first positioning frame 21 and a sliding frame 23. The sliding frame 23 is movably mounted on the first positioning frame 21, and the moving direction is along the length direction of the first positioning frame 21 to change the length of the entire adjustable frame 2. A material unloading platform 26 is fixed to the other end of the sliding frame 23. A first guide roller 22 is rotatably connected to the interior of the first positioning frame 21, and a second guide roller 24 located below the first guide roller 22 is rotatably connected to the interior of the sliding frame 23. The belt 3 passes through the first guide roller 22 and the second guide roller 24 in a Z shape. A transmission roller 25 is rotatably connected to the transmission mechanism 5 near the unloading end of the sliding frame 23 for conveying the belt 3. A first hydraulic cylinder 28 is fixed to the side of the first positioning frame 21 via a fixing clamp 27, and a first leg 29 is bolted to the side of the sliding frame 23. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 28 has a connecting ring, which is bolted to the first leg 29. The first hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding frame 23 to move relative to the first positioning frame 21. At the same time, there is a certain distance between the first positioning frame 21 and the main frame 1, and a retractable rubber cover 12 is provided at the distance to seal it.

[0023] It should be noted that the frame consists of two parts: a main frame 1 and an adjustable frame 2. The adjustable frame 2 is the unloading end frame. A motor 11 is installed on the main frame 1 as the power equipment of the entire conveyor. The adjustable frame 2 includes a first positioning frame 21 and a sliding frame 23. The sliding frame 23 can move along the length direction of the first positioning frame 21, thereby changing the overall length of this part of the frame, so that it can better extend toward the depth of the carriage, making its unloading point farther away, and the distance that the porters have to walk back and forth will be shorter, thereby reducing manpower consumption and improving loading and unloading efficiency. For adjusting the length of the adjustable frame 2, the main body of the first hydraulic cylinder 28 is fixed to the first positioning frame 21, and its telescopic end is fixed to the sliding frame 23. The first hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding frame 23 to move. At this time, the second guide roller 24 used to position the belt body 3 moves synchronously to achieve the release or storage of the belt body 3, so that the belt body 3 can be adjusted synchronously with the sliding frame 23. It should also be noted that: the rollers and their transmission structure (not shown) used to drive the belt body 3 in the frame are not improved or adjusted in this case, and the traditional belt drive or chain drive is still used. The transmission rollers 25 on the sliding frame 23 are connected to the transmission system to increase the transmission effect of the belt body 3. As for the belt body 3, a V-type, tire-type and toothed belt is preferred, so as to be able to adapt to the bending adjustment of the adjustable frame 2; Regarding the installation between the main frame 1 and the carriage, the main frame 1 is located at the carriage door position, and has a foldable V-shaped support foot on the side of the main frame 1, so that it can be mounted on the carriage. To further improve its stability, the support foot can also be fixed to the carriage by bolts to achieve a stable connection between the main frame 1 and the carriage.

[0024] The rotary connection mechanism 4 is composed of a connection portion 41 and a driving portion 42; See also Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 The connecting portion 41 includes two second positioning frames 411, which are respectively fixed to the main frame 1 and the first positioning frame 21. A first end connecting plate 412 and a second end connecting plate 413 are respectively fixed to the two second positioning frames 411, and two intermediate connecting plates 414 are provided between the first end connecting plate 412 and the second end connecting plate 413. One side of the first end connecting plate 412 has an arc-shaped locking groove 415. A radially arranged connecting arm 416 is welded and fixed at the center of the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped locking groove 415. The first end connecting plate 412 also has a stopper 417 located at the end of the arc-shaped locking groove 415. A hinged frame 419 is provided at the center of one side of the second end connecting plate 413. The other end of the connecting arm 416 can be inserted into the hinged frame 419 and rotatably connected via an axis. Two wing arms 4110 are also integrally connected to the second end connecting plate 413 at a position away from the center. The wing arms 4110 are adapted to be connected to the arc-shaped locking groove 415. One side of the middle connecting plate 414 has the same arc-shaped locking groove 415, connecting arm 416, and stopper 417 as those on the first end connecting plate 412, for adapting to the second end connecting plate 413; the other side has the same hinge frame 419 and wing arm 4110 as those on the second end connecting plate 413, for adapting to the first end connecting plate 412. A first positioning groove 418 is further provided on the inner circumferential wall of the arc-shaped locking groove 415, and a first positioning slider 4111 is integrally connected to the circumferential surface of the wing arm 4110. The first positioning slider 4111 slides inside the first positioning groove 418. The second end connecting plate 413 and the two middle connecting plates 414 can rotate independently, and the maximum rotation angle of any connecting plate is 30°, while the maximum rotation angle of the entire connecting portion 41 is 90°.

[0025] It should be noted that the connecting portion 41 has two end connecting plates and two middle connecting plates 414. The two end connecting plates are respectively fixed to the main frame 1 and the first positioning frame 21 through the second positioning frame 411, thereby achieving the connection between the connecting portion 41 and the main frame 1 and the adjustable frame 2. Regarding the connection between these connecting plates, there are connecting arms 416 and hinge frames 419 between two adjacent connecting plates. The two connecting arms are connected by an axis, allowing the two adjacent connecting plates to rotate. At the same time, the arc-shaped locking groove 415 and the wing arm 4110 define the space between the two adjacent connecting plates. The design of the wing arms 4110 ensures that the wing arms 4110 will not separate from the stoppers 417 when the connecting plates are rotated to their maximum extent. Therefore, when two adjacent connecting plates are rotated to their maximum extent, no gaps appear on the outer circumference. As a result, the belt body 3 passing through them will not be suspended. This provides good support at the bends of the belt body 3, especially when transporting irregular and heavy objects. This makes the transportation of goods more stable. The maximum angle at which the connecting portion 41 can rotate is 90°, and the specific bending angle is determined according to actual use.

[0026] See also Figures 6 to 8 The driving portion 42 includes two positioning pins 421, which are respectively welded and fixed to the lower end of the first end connecting plate 412 and the adjacent middle connecting plate 414, and a rotatable second hydraulic cylinder 422 is installed between the two positioning pins 421; A positioning shaft 423 is welded and fixed to the lower ends of the second end connecting plate 413 and the two middle connecting plates 414. The positioning shaft 423 is concentrically arranged with the shaft connecting the connecting arm 416 and the articulated frame 419. One or two sprockets 424 are welded and fixed on the three positioning shafts 423. The sprockets 424 on adjacent positioning shafts 423 are connected by chains 425.

[0027] It should be noted that the driving unit 42 uses the second hydraulic cylinder 422 as the main driving device. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 422 is mounted on the first end connecting plate 412, and the other end is mounted on the adjacent middle connecting plate 414. The extension and contraction of the second hydraulic cylinder 422 can directly drive the middle connecting plate 414 to rotate. At the same time, positioning shafts 423 are fixed at the lower ends of the two intermediate connecting plates 414 and the second end connecting plate 413. The positioning shafts 423 are concentrically arranged with the shaft connecting the connecting arm 416 and the articulated frame 419. Therefore, when the intermediate connecting plate 414 connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 422 rotates, the positioning shaft 423 at its lower end will be driven to rotate, thereby driving the sprocket 424 thereon to rotate. The two adjacent connecting plates are connected by the sprocket 424 and the chain 425, so that the synchronous rotation of multiple connecting plates can be achieved.

[0028] For transmission mechanism 5; See also Figure 9 and Figure 10The transmission mechanism 5 includes two roller transmission shafts 51, which are respectively mounted on the main frame 1 and the first positioning frame 21, and the roller transmission shaft 51 on the main frame 1 is fixed to the output end of the motor 11 through a coupling; A worm 52 is mounted on the roller drive shaft 51. Second legs 53 are fixed to the lower ends of the first end connecting plate 412 and the second end connecting plate 413. A fixed drive shaft 54 ​​is rotatably connected to the two second legs 53. A worm gear 55 is welded to one end of the fixed drive shaft 54 ​​and meshes with the worm 52. A telescopic drive shaft 56 is also provided between the two fixed drive shafts 54. The fixed drive shaft 54 ​​and the telescopic drive shaft 56 are connected by a universal joint 57. The telescopic transmission shaft 56 includes a first barrel rod 58 and a first extension rod 59 that slides axially inside the first barrel rod 58. The circumferential inner wall of the first barrel rod 58 has an axial second positioning slider 510, and the circumferential outer wall of the first extension rod 59 has a second positioning groove 511 that is adapted to be connected to the second positioning slider 510.

[0029] It should be noted that: because the main frame 1 and the adjustable frame 2 are of a split design, and in particular the adjustable frame 2 can also be telescopic, a transmission mechanism 5 is further provided between the main frame 1 and the adjustable frame 2, so as to utilize a single motor 11 to simultaneously drive the rollers for conveying the belt 3 in the main frame 1 and the adjustable frame 2 to rotate, thereby ensuring stable conveyance of the belt 3 and avoiding the situation where the belt 3 on the adjustable frame 2 is subjected to insufficient driving force; That is, the motor 11 can directly drive the roller drive shaft 51 on the main frame 1 to rotate (the transmission connection structure between the roller drive shaft 51 on the main frame 1 and other rollers used for transmission is not shown in the figure, and the transmission connection structure between the roller drive shaft 51 in the adjustable frame 2 and other rollers used for transmission is also not shown in the figure), so as to drive the fixed drive shaft 54 ​​to rotate through the transmission of the worm 52 and the worm gear 55. A telescopic drive shaft 56 is provided between the two fixed drive shafts 54 and is connected by a universal joint 57. Therefore, when the roller drive shaft 51 on the main frame 1 rotates, it can drive the roller drive shaft 51 in the adjustable frame 2 to rotate, and the setting of the universal joint 57 can adapt to the rotation of the connecting part 41 to achieve stable power transmission.

[0030] For auxiliary support assembly 6; See also Figure 11 The auxiliary support assembly 6 includes a third leg 61, which is bolted to the lower end of the sliding frame 23. A second cylindrical rod 62 is rotatably connected to the third leg 61. The outer wall of the second cylindrical rod 62 has a plurality of axially distributed clamping holes 63, and a second extension rod 64 is axially slidable inside the second cylindrical rod 62. The second extension rod 64 has an elastic clamping pin 65 that is adapted to any clamping hole 63. The other end of the second extension rod 64 is fixed with a connecting end seat 66. There is also a supporting foot 67 at the end position of the connecting end seat 66. A spherical connector 68 is welded and fixed at the center position of the upper end of the supporting foot 67. The spherical connector 68 is embedded in the inside of the connecting end seat 66, so that the supporting foot 67 can rotate in all directions, and the lower end of the supporting foot 67 also has teeth 69.

[0031] It should be noted that the auxiliary support assembly 6 is mounted on the sliding frame 23 and can always provide stable support for the unloading end of the sliding frame 23; The second cylindrical rod 62 can be rotated and adjusted, so it can be stored when not in use. At the same time, the second extension rod 64 inside it can be axially moved relative to it to adjust the length of the entire support structure, which has a wider range of applications. The support foot 67 is the main ground contact structure, and its lower end has teeth 69, which can play a certain bite effect with the carrier, making it more stable. At the same time, it is connected to the connecting end seat 66 through a spherical connector 68, which can realize multi-angle adjustment of the support foot 67 and is also suitable for terrain with slopes.

[0032] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway transport loading and unloading device, comprising a main frame (1) and an adjustable frame (2) located at a material discharge end of the main frame (1), wherein the main frame (1) is detachably connected to a carriage so that one end thereof and the adjustable frame (2) mounted thereon are located inside the carriage and the other end thereof is located outside the carriage, and a belt body (3) is provided on the main frame (1) and the adjustable frame (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A rotating connection mechanism (4), the rotating connection mechanism (4) consisting of a connection portion (41) and a driving portion (42), the connection portion (41) and the main frame (1) and the adjustable frame (2) are all fixed to each other, so that the adjustable frame (2) can rotate in a horizontal direction relative to the main frame (1); A transmission mechanism (5), the transmission mechanism (5) being installed between the main frame (1) and the adjustable frame (2), and a motor (11) for driving the transmission mechanism (5) being installed on the main frame (1), so that rollers for conveying the belt body (3) in the main frame (1) and the adjustable frame (2) rotate synchronously; An auxiliary support assembly (6) is installed in the adjustable frame (2) at a position close to the unloading end. The auxiliary support assembly (6) can be installed inside the carriage to support and position the adjustable frame (2).

2. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable frame (2) includes a first positioning frame (21) and a sliding frame (23), wherein the sliding frame (23) is movably mounted on the first positioning frame (21), and the moving direction is along the length direction of the first positioning frame (21) to change the length of the entire adjustable frame (2), and a blanking table (26) is fixed to the other end of the sliding frame (23); A first guide roller (22) is rotatably connected inside the first positioning frame (21), and a second guide roller (24) located below the first guide roller (22) is rotatably connected inside the sliding frame (23). The belt (3) passes through the first guide roller (22) and the second guide roller (24) to form a Z shape. A transmission roller (25) connected to the transmission mechanism (5) and used to transport the belt (3) is rotatably connected at a position near the unloading end of the sliding frame (23). A first hydraulic cylinder (28) is fixed to the side of the first positioning frame (21) via a fixing clamp (27), and a first leg (29) is fixed to the side of the sliding frame (23) via bolts. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (28) has a connecting ring, which is fixed to the first leg (29) via bolts, so that the first hydraulic cylinder (28) drives the sliding frame (23) to move relative to the first positioning frame (21).

3. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a certain distance between the first positioning frame (21) and the main frame (1), and a retractable rubber protective cover (12) is provided at the distance for sealing.

4. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion (41) includes two second positioning frames (411), the two second positioning frames (411) are respectively fixed to the main frame (1) and the first positioning frame (21), a first end connecting plate (412) and a second end connecting plate (413) are respectively fixed to the two second positioning frames (411), and two intermediate connecting plates (414) are provided between the first end connecting plate (412) and the second end connecting plate (413); One side of the first end connecting plate (412) has an arc-shaped locking groove (415), a radially arranged connecting arm (416) is welded and fixed at a position located at the center of the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped locking groove (415), and the first end connecting plate (412) also has a stopper (417) located at the end of the arc-shaped locking groove (415); A hinge frame (419) is provided on one side of the second end connecting plate (413) at a position located at the center. The other end of the connecting arm (416) can be inserted into the hinge frame (419) and is rotatably connected via an axis. Two wing arms (4110) are also integrally connected to the second end connecting plate (413) at a position away from the center. The wing arms (4110) are adapted to be connected to the inside of the locking groove (415). One side of the intermediate connecting plate (414) has the same arc-shaped locking groove (415), connecting arm (416) and stopper (417) as those on the first end connecting plate (412), for adapting the connection with the second end connecting plate (413); the other side has the same hinge frame (419) and wing arm (4110) as those on the second end connecting plate (413), for adapting the connection with the first end connecting plate (412).

5. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first positioning groove (418) in the circumferential direction is also provided on the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped locking groove (415), and a first positioning slider (4111) is integrally connected to the circumferential surface of the wing arm (4110), and the first positioning slider (4111) slides inside the first positioning groove (418).

6. The railway transportation loading and unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second end connecting plate (413) and the two middle connecting plates (414) can be rotated independently, and the maximum rotation angle of any one connecting plate is 30°, while the maximum rotation angle of the entire connecting portion (41) is 90°.

7. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving portion (42) includes two positioning pins (421), the two positioning pins (421) are respectively welded and fixed to the lower end of the first end connecting plate (412) and the adjacent middle connecting plate (414), and a rotatable second hydraulic cylinder (422) is installed between the two positioning pins (421); Positioning shafts (423) are welded and fixed to the lower ends of the second end connecting plate (413) and the two middle connecting plates (414). The positioning shafts (423) are concentrically arranged with the shafts connecting the connecting arms (416) and the hinged frame (419). One or two sprockets (424) are welded and fixed to the three positioning shafts (423). The sprockets (424) on adjacent positioning shafts (423) are connected by chains (425).

8. The railway transport loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (5) includes two roller transmission shafts (51), the two roller transmission shafts (51) are respectively mounted on the main frame (1) and the first positioning frame (21), and the roller transmission shaft (51) located on the main frame (1) is fixed to the output end of the motor (11) via a coupling; A worm (52) is mounted on the roller transmission shaft (51), and second legs (53) are fixed to the lower ends of the first end connecting plate (412) and the second end connecting plate (413). A fixed transmission shaft (54) is rotatably connected to the two second legs (53). A worm wheel (55) meshing with the worm (52) is welded and fixed to one end of the fixed transmission shaft (54). A telescopic transmission shaft (56) is further provided between the two fixed transmission shafts (54), and the fixed transmission shaft (54) and the telescopic transmission shaft (56) are connected via a universal joint (57). The telescopic transmission shaft (56) includes a first cylindrical rod (58) and a first extension rod (59) axially sliding inside the first cylindrical rod (58), an axial second positioning slider (510) is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the first cylindrical rod (58), and a second positioning slot (511) adapted to be connected to the second positioning slider (510) is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the first extension rod (59).

9. The railway transportation loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support assembly (6) includes a third tripod (61), the third tripod (61) is bolted to the lower end of the sliding frame (23), and a second cylindrical rod (62) is rotatably connected to the third tripod (61), the outer circumferential wall of the second cylindrical rod (62) has a plurality of axially distributed clamping holes (63), and a second extension rod (64) is axially slidable inside the second cylindrical rod (62), the second extension rod (64) has an elastic clamping pin (65) that is compatible with any clamping hole (63), and the other end of the second extension rod (64) is fixed with a connecting end seat (66); A supporting foot plate (67) is also provided at the end of the connecting end seat (66), and a spherical connector (68) is welded and fixed at the center of the upper end of the supporting foot plate (67). The spherical connector (68) is embedded in the interior of the connecting end seat (66), so that the supporting foot plate (67) can be universally rotated, and the lower end of the supporting foot plate (67) also has teeth (69).

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