Construction method for arc-shaped external corner of slope surface of foundation pit

Abstract

The invention discloses a foundation pit slope arc-shaped external corner construction method, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering. The method comprises the steps of construction preparation, site cleaning, clamping groove mounting, primary guniting, template mounting and splicing, secondary guniting and slope surface forming. An arc-shaped template is customized, a T-shaped clamping groove is used for being fixed to a clamp comprising a clamping plate and a clamping leg, and a plurality of segments of templates are spliced through inserting blocks, inserting holes and sealant; guniting is carried out twice, calendaring is carried out before final setting, and the forming quality is guaranteed; the method solves the problems that traditional construction is poor in waterproof effect, low in efficiency and nonstandard in forming, the construction efficiency and the external corner stability are improved, the waterproof effect is enhanced, and multi-unit collaborative operation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a method for constructing an arc-shaped external corner on a foundation pit slope. Background Art

[0002] Foundation pit construction is a crucial and fundamental step in building construction. Current regulations clearly require that the slope angles of foundation pits be rounded, which is crucial for ensuring effective waterproofing. However, traditional concrete joints often have right angles or irregular shapes, making it extremely prone to hollowing and warping of waterproof membranes during construction. This can lead to leakage risks and seriously compromise the waterproofing performance and project quality of the foundation pit. Traditional methods for creating curved external corners rely on cutting and grinding, or cement mortar treatment. However, these methods have numerous drawbacks, including low efficiency and difficulty in effectively controlling quality. Cutting and grinding can easily damage the concrete structure, compromising its stability. Cement mortar treatment, on the other hand, requires significant labor and time, and the resulting results are inconsistent. Furthermore, modern construction projects often involve collaborative work between multiple units. Due to the subjectivity and variability of manual operations, it's difficult to ensure uniform arc specifications at each foundation pit's exterior corner. This significantly complicates the subsequent waterproofing membrane installation and other related construction processes, easily leading to construction delays and reduced project quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, thereby providing a method for constructing curved external corners on the slope of a foundation pit, so as to solve the problems existing in existing foundation pit construction, such as poor waterproofing effect, low construction efficiency, irregular forming and insufficient stability of the external corner parts.

[0004] The present invention solves the above problems by adopting the following technical solutions: A method for constructing a curved external corner on a foundation pit slope is carried out in the following steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Accurately measure the angle, slope, and spacing of the outer corners of the foundation pit, and customize a curved formwork based on the measured data. Carefully check the strength and durability of the curved formwork to ensure it meets construction requirements. At the same time, prepare all necessary materials, spraying equipment, and protective gear, and build a stable construction platform. S2. Cleaning the site: Thoroughly clean the debris on the surface of the steel mesh, including but not limited to dust, oil stains, and rust, to ensure that the construction surface is clean and flat, providing a good foundation for subsequent construction; S3. Clip installation: According to the actual spacing of the steel mesh and the length of the slope on site, install clips on the transverse steel bars of the steel mesh to prepare for the subsequent fixing of the curved formwork; S4. Primary shotcrete: Debug the sprayer to ensure it operates normally; mix concrete accurately according to the designed mix ratio, and perform the shotcrete operation in layers and sections from bottom to top, with the shotcrete thickness reaching 30% - 50% of the designed thickness; S5. Install and splice the template: Secure the curved template firmly at the outside corner using the clips and the slots on the curved template. If the curved template is multi-section, use connectors and sealant to splice the sections. After splicing, carefully check and adjust to ensure a secure installation with no gaps. S6. Secondary shotcrete: After the curved formwork is correctly installed, continue the shotcrete operation until the concrete thickness reaches the design requirements; S7. Slope forming: Before the final setting of the concrete, use a trowel to smooth the slope surface. At the same time, closely monitor the slope surface and repair any defects in a timely manner.

[0005] Furthermore, the card slot is T-shaped and located on the inner wall of the arc template, and is arranged along the length direction of the arc template; it forms a stable connection relationship with the clip, provides a clear guide for the installation of the arc template, and facilitates the rapid alignment of the arc template during installation; at the same time, this structural form makes the arc template easier to operate during installation and disassembly, which can reduce the adjustment time during construction and improve construction efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, the clip includes a clip plate slidably installed in the clip slot, and a pair of clamping legs are arranged under the clip plate, the middle parts of the two clamping legs are arc-shaped and the inner arc surfaces are opposite, and the bottoms of the two clamping legs are bent to opposite sides respectively; the cooperation between the clip plate and the clip slot stably limits the arc template to a preset position, preventing the arc template from shifting during construction; the clamping legs can firmly clamp on the steel mesh, providing reliable support for the arc template, ensuring that the arc template remains stable during construction links such as spraying, and ensuring the smooth progress of construction.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting parts include plug blocks and sockets respectively fixed on the connecting end faces of two adjacent arc-shaped formworks; when multi-section arc formworks are spliced, the plug blocks inserted into the sockets can serve as installation limiters for each section of the arc formworks, effectively preventing relative movement of adjacent formworks during construction; used in conjunction with sealant, it can further enhance the sealing of the splicing joints, reduce the occurrence of leakage, and ensure the quality of concrete molding.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopting the above technical solution has the following outstanding features: The present invention manufactures arc-shaped templates to adapt to the external corners of foundation pits, quickly fixes them with slots and clips, and uses connectors and sealants to prevent slurry leakage when multiple sections are spliced. The installation is convenient and standardized. The slurry is sprayed twice and combined with calendering before final setting to ensure the molding quality and reduce defects. It avoids the damage to the structure caused by traditional cutting and polishing and the inefficiency of cement mortar treatment, improves construction efficiency and external corner stability, enhances waterproof effect, solves the problems of hollowing and warping in the construction of waterproof membranes, and facilitates collaborative work among multiple units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the curved template according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a clip according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the curved template with an insert block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the curved template with a socket according to an embodiment of the present invention; The components marked in the figure are: arc-shaped template 1, clip 2, slot 3, insert block 4, socket 5, clamping plate 21, and clamping leg 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, the purpose of which is only to provide a better understanding of the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] Referring to Figures 1-4, a method for constructing a curved external corner on a foundation pit slope is described in the following steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Accurately measure the angle, slope, and spacing of the foundation pit's external corners, and customize a corresponding curved formwork 1 based on the measured data. Carefully check the strength and durability of the curved formwork 1 to ensure it meets construction requirements. At the same time, prepare all necessary materials, shotcrete equipment, and protective gear, and build a stable construction platform. S2. Cleaning the site: Thoroughly clean the debris on the surface of the steel mesh, including but not limited to dust, oil stains, and rust, to ensure that the construction surface is clean and flat, providing a good foundation for subsequent construction; S3. Installing the slots: Install the clips 2 on the transverse reinforcements of the reinforcement mesh according to the actual spacing between the reinforcement meshes and the actual length of the slope surface on site. Ensure that the clips 2 are firmly fixed to the reinforcement mesh to provide reliable support for the subsequent installation of the curved formwork 1. S4. Primary shotcrete: Debug the sprayer to ensure it operates normally; mix concrete accurately according to the designed mix ratio, and perform the shotcrete operation in layers and sections from bottom to top. During the shotcrete process, strictly control the distance between the nozzle and the slope surface between 0.6 m and 1.0 m, and maintain vertical spraying. The shotcrete thickness reaches 30% to 50% of the designed thickness; S5. Install and splice the formwork: After the primary spraying reaches the required strength, secure the curved formwork 1 firmly at the exterior corner using the clips 2 and the slots 3 on the curved formwork 1. If the curved formwork 1 is multi-section, use connectors and sealant to splice the sections. After splicing, carefully check and adjust to ensure a secure installation with no gaps. S6. Secondary shotcrete: After the arc formwork 1 is correctly installed, continue the shotcrete operation until the concrete thickness reaches the design requirements; S7. Slope forming: Before the final setting of the concrete, use a trowel to smooth the slope surface. At the same time, closely monitor the slope surface and repair any defects in a timely manner.

[0012] The clamping groove 3 is T-shaped and located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped template 1 and is arranged along the length direction of the arc-shaped template 1, so as to facilitate the installation and removal of the arc-shaped template 1.

[0013] The clip 2 includes a card plate 21 slidably installed in the card slot 3, and a pair of clamping legs 22 are provided below the card plate 21. The middle parts of the two clamping legs 22 are arc-shaped and the inner arc surfaces are opposite. The bottoms of the two clamping legs 22 are bent away from each other; they cooperate with the card slot 3 on the arc template 1 to achieve fixed installation of the arc template 1.

[0014] The connecting piece includes an insert 4 and a socket 5 respectively fixed on the connecting end surfaces of two adjacent arc-shaped templates 1; the adjacent arc-shaped templates 1 are installed and limited to prevent stringing and gaps from occurring, thereby avoiding leakage of slurry.

[0015] The present invention manufactures arc-shaped templates to adapt to the external corners of foundation pits, quickly fixes them with slots and clips, and uses connectors and sealants to prevent slurry leakage when multiple sections are spliced. The installation is convenient and standardized. The slurry is sprayed twice and combined with calendering before final setting to ensure the molding quality and reduce defects. It avoids the damage to the structure caused by traditional cutting and polishing and the inefficiency of cement mortar treatment, improves construction efficiency and external corner stability, enhances waterproof effect, solves the problems of hollowing and warping in the construction of waterproof membranes, and facilitates collaborative work among multiple units.

[0016] By implementing the construction method of the present invention, the construction of the curved external corner on the slope of the foundation pit project was successfully completed, the construction efficiency was greatly improved, the molding quality was good, the waterproof performance was effectively guaranteed, and good economic and social benefits were achieved.

[0017] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made using the contents of the present invention specification and its drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an arc-shaped external corner on a foundation pit slope, characterized in that: Follow these steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Accurately measure the angle, slope, and spacing of the outer corners of the foundation pit, and customize a curved formwork based on the measured data. Carefully check the strength and durability of the curved formwork to ensure it meets construction requirements. At the same time, prepare all necessary materials, spraying equipment, and protective gear, and build a stable construction platform. S2. Cleaning the site: Thoroughly clean the debris on the surface of the steel mesh, including but not limited to dust, oil stains, and rust, to ensure that the construction surface is clean and flat, providing a good foundation for subsequent construction; S3. Clip installation: According to the actual spacing of the steel mesh and the length of the slope on site, install clips on the transverse steel bars of the steel mesh to prepare for the subsequent fixing of the curved formwork; S4. Primary shotcrete: debug the spraying machine to ensure it operates normally; Accurately mix concrete according to the designed mix ratio, and perform spraying operations in layers and sections from bottom to top, with the spraying thickness reaching 30% - 50% of the designed thickness; S5. Install and splice the template: Secure the curved template firmly at the outside corner using the clips and the slots on the curved template. If the curved template is multi-section, use connectors and sealant to splice the sections. After splicing, carefully check and adjust to ensure a secure installation with no gaps. S6. Secondary shotcrete: After the curved formwork is correctly installed, continue the shotcrete operation until the concrete thickness reaches the design requirements; S7. Slope forming: Before the final setting of the concrete, use a trowel to smooth the slope surface. At the same time, closely monitor the slope surface and repair any defects in a timely manner.

2. The method for constructing a curved external corner on a foundation pit slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping groove is T-shaped and located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped template, and is arranged along the length direction of the arc-shaped template.

3. The method for constructing a curved external corner on a foundation pit slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp includes a clamping plate slidably installed in the clamping slot, and a pair of clamping legs are arranged below the clamping plate. The middle parts of the two clamping legs are arc-shaped and the inner arc surfaces are opposite, and the bottoms of the two clamping legs are bent towards opposite sides respectively.

4. The method for constructing a curved external corner on a foundation pit slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece comprises an inserting block and an inserting hole which are respectively fixed on the connecting end surfaces of two adjacent arc-shaped templates.

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