High-pile wharf cast-in-place lower cross beam watertight formwork and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wharf construction, in particular to a high-pile wharf cast-in-place lower cross beam watertight formwork and a construction method. Comprising a supporting structure, a bottom die structure, a leveling structure, side dies and end dies, and the bottom die structure comprises pile side bottom dies and inter-pile bottom dies; a through hole through which a steel pipe pile passes is formed in the pile side bottom die, and the inter-pile bottom die and the pile side bottom die are mutually lapped to form a lower cross beam pouring bottom die; the leveling structure is fixed to the outer side of the steel pipe pile, located below the pile side bottom die and used for leveling and sealing the pile side bottom die. The side dies are fixed to the two longitudinal sides of the bottom die structure. The end molds are fixed to the two transverse sides of the bottom mold structure and form a closed cuboid concrete pouring structure with the side molds. According to the watertight formwork structure, the slurry leakage phenomenon at the abutted seam of the formwork is effectively prevented, the watertight formwork structure can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of a pile foundation, the sealing effect of the periphery of the pile is guaranteed, and the waterproof performance of the lower cross beam formwork is overall improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dock construction, and in particular to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile dock and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of high-pile piers, the lower crossbeam is a critical load-bearing structure, and its construction quality is crucial to the overall stability and durability of the pier. Due to the large tidal range, the top elevation of the lower crossbeam remained below the average high tide level for a long period during construction. This caused the steel bars, formwork, and other components to be soaked by the tide, making quality control difficult. The tidal influence also resulted in a short construction window, requiring concrete pouring to be carried out during high tide, resulting in large volumes and difficult construction organization.

[0003] During the construction of the cast-in-place lower beam, the installation of a watertight formwork can ensure that the construction of the lower beam concrete is not affected by the tide. For example, there is a prior art entitled "A bottom formwork inverted hanging support system and construction method for cast-in-place beams of high-pile piers". This prior art proposes a bottom formwork hoisting structure for high-pile piers, which involves the concrete pouring construction of the lower beams of high-pile piers. The system includes a bottom formwork system, a supporting corbel and a hanging rod system; the bottom formwork system is located below the cast-in-place beam; the supporting corbel is perpendicular to the axial direction of the single-row foundation piles, and is arranged on the front and rear sides of the steel pipe piles, and is located inside the cast-in-place beam; the hanging rod system runs through the cast-in-place beam, the supporting corbel and the bottom formwork system, and is fixedly connected to the bottom formwork system and the supporting corbel, and is used to bear the entire weight of the formwork system, cast-in-place beams and construction loads, and transfer all the weight to the supporting corbel. This system structure can construct a structure for suspending formwork on pipe piles, which is relatively convenient to operate.

[0004] However, this support system also has some problems. The structure is mainly used for straight piles and is not suitable for the construction of lower beams with multiple inclined piles at the bottom. The formwork used for straight piles is difficult to adapt to the inclination angle and position of the inclined piles. Gaps are likely to appear during the formwork splicing process, resulting in concrete leakage during the pouring process, affecting the molding quality of the lower beam. On the other hand, in the case of deviations between the slope of the pile body and the design due to the influence of strata, waves, etc. during the pile foundation construction process, the sealing structure customized according to the slope of the pile body cannot effectively perform the sealing treatment and it is difficult to ensure the water-stopping effect. In addition, the existing formwork removal process is relatively cumbersome, consumes a lot of manpower and time, and reduces construction efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a watertight formwork and construction method for the cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf that can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a watertight formwork for cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf and a construction method.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is: a watertight formwork for cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf, comprising: A supporting structure comprising a corbel fixed to the outside of the circumference of the steel pipe pile, a main beam resting on the corbel, and a secondary beam fixed to the main beam; A bottom formwork structure, comprising a pile side bottom formwork fixed to the support structure and sleeved on the steel pipe piles, and an inter-pile bottom formwork located between two adjacent steel pipe piles; the pile side bottom formwork is provided with through holes for the steel pipe piles to pass through, and the inter-pile bottom formwork and the pile side bottom formwork are overlapped to form a bottom formwork for casting the lower crossbeam; A leveling structure is fixed to the outside of the steel pipe pile and is located below the pile side bottom formwork for leveling and sealing the pile side bottom formwork; Side molds, the side molds are fixed on both longitudinal sides of the bottom mold structure; The end forms are fixed on both lateral sides of the bottom form structure and form a closed rectangular concrete pouring structure with the side forms.

[0008] According to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf provided in this application, the pile side bottom formwork includes two pile side bottom plates; arc-shaped grooves are opened on the longitudinal sides of the pile side bottom plates, and the arc-shaped grooves on the sides of the two pile side bottom plates form through holes that are sleeved on the steel pipe piles.

[0009] According to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf provided in the present application, the pile bottom formwork includes a plurality of pile bottom plates arranged in the transverse direction; the adjacent pile bottom plates are overlapped with each other in the longitudinal direction and are fixed as a whole by tensioning in the longitudinal direction along a tensioning structure, and the transverse ends of the pile bottom plates are overlapped and fixed to the pile side bottom formworks on both sides.

[0010] According to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf provided in this application, the tensioning structure includes a plurality of tensioning rods; the tensioning rods are arranged longitudinally, and the tensioning rods connect adjacent pile bottom plates into one by sequentially passing through the lower end surfaces of the pile bottom plates.

[0011] According to the watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower beam of a high-pile wharf provided in this application, the leveling structure includes: A lower fixing ring, which is an annular structure sleeved on the outside of the steel pipe pile and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile; An upper fixing ring, which is an annular structure that is sleeved on the outside of the steel pipe pile and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile and is located above the lower fixing ring and is used to support the pile side bottom formwork; Multiple first adjusting screws are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile between the lower fixing ring and the upper fixing ring. The lower end of the first adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the lower fixing ring, and the upper end is spirally adjustable and connected to the sleeve of the upper fixing ring.

[0012] According to the watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower beam of a high-pile wharf provided in this application, the leveling structure includes: A support ring, which is an annular structure sleeved outside the circumference of the steel pipe pile; A rubber pad is filled between the support ring and the steel pipe pile and is used to adjust the support ring so that the upper end surface of the support ring maintains a horizontal state; a plurality of second adjusting screws, wherein the plurality of first adjusting screws are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile between the support ring and the pile side bottom formwork, the lower ends of the second adjusting screws being rotatably connected to the support ring, and the upper ends being spirally adjustable and connected to the pile bottom formwork for adjusting the spacing between the pile bottom formwork and the support ring; A pad is provided between the support ring and the pile side bottom form.

[0013] According to the present application, a watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf further includes a unloading structure; the unloading structure includes: A unloading block, wherein a slider is provided on the lower end surface of the unloading block and a plurality of positioning holes are opened on the side of the unloading block; A base, the base being connected to the corbel via a plurality of adjustment blocks so that the horizontality thereof can be adjusted, and a slide rail arranged in a longitudinal direction is provided on the base; The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail and limits the non-longitudinal relative displacement between the unloading block and the base; after the longitudinal position adjustment is completed, the unloading block is fixed to the base by a positioning pin inserted into the positioning hole.

[0014] According to a watertight formwork for the cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf provided in the present application, a plurality of connection holes spaced apart along the transverse direction are provided on both longitudinal and transverse sides of the bottom formwork structure; the side formwork and the end formwork are detachably fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom formwork structure through the connection holes.

[0015] According to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf provided in the present application, the side formwork includes a plurality of standard formworks; adjacent standard formworks are overlapped and fixedly connected, and the standard formworks are fixedly connected to the secondary beam via cables.

[0016] According to the present application, a watertight formwork for the cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf further includes a mooring member; the upper end of the mooring member is fixed to the main beam by a double-penetrating I-beam, and the side of the mooring member is pressed against the rectangular opening of the bottom plate between piles on the sea side, and an "L"-shaped water-stop rubber is arranged between the mooring member and the bottom plate between piles.

[0017] The present application also relates to a construction method, which is used to construct the above-mentioned cast-in-place lower beam watertight formwork of a high-pile wharf, comprising: After the steel pipe pile construction is completed, the bottom formwork structure, side formwork and end formwork are made based on the steel pipe pile structure size; Build a supporting structure based on steel pipe piles, and pour concrete into the pile core based on the supporting structure; Installing a leveling structure based on the supporting structure, and installing a bottom mold structure on the leveling structure; Construct side and end forms based on the bottom formwork structure; Carry out the lower crossbeam pouring construction, and remove the formwork after the concrete reaches the designed strength.

[0018] According to a construction method provided in the present application, the method of building a support structure based on steel pipe piles includes: welding a corbel on the outer side of the circumference of the steel pipe pile, installing a unloading structure on the corbel, laying a main beam based on the unloading structure, and installing a secondary beam on the main beam.

[0019] According to a construction method provided in the present application, the method of installing a unloading structure on a corbel includes: adjusting the adjustment block between the base and the corbel so that the base is in a horizontal state, aligning and clamping the slider at the bottom of the unloading block into the slide rail on the base, moving the unloading block along the slide rail to the designed position, and inserting a positioning pin into the positioning hole of the unloading block to fix the unloading block on the base.

[0020] According to a construction method provided in the present application, the method of installing a bottom formwork structure on a leveling structure includes: sleeved two pile side bottom plates onto the circumferential outer side of the steel pipe pile and the pile side bottom plates are placed and fixed on the leveling structure; assembling the pile bottom plates based on the supporting structure, using tie rods to fix the pile bottom plates in the longitudinal direction, and using bolts to fix the pile bottom plates and the pile side bottom plates into one to form a bottom formwork structure.

[0021] According to a construction method provided in the present application, the method of constructing side forms and end forms based on a bottom form structure includes: overlapping and fixing the standard formwork of the side forms together in sequence; inserting the lower ends of the side forms and the end forms into the connecting holes on the side of the bottom form structure, so that the side forms and the end forms are positioned and fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom form structure; and using cables to tension and fix the side forms on the supporting structure.

[0022] According to a construction method provided in this application, the method of removing the formwork includes: adjusting the height and angle of the unloading block to create a gap between the formwork and the lower beam concrete; removing the side formwork, end formwork and bottom formwork structures in sequence; and then removing the supporting structure.

[0023] The advantages of this application are as follows: 1. This application designs a leveling structure for leveling and sealing for the lower crossbeam casting formwork structure with inclined steel pipe piles. The leveling structure can connect the bottom formwork and the inclined piles, so that the bottom formwork and the steel pipe piles can be stably and tightly connected as one, effectively preventing slurry leakage at the formwork joints, and can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of the pile foundation, ensuring the sealing effect around the pile, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the lower crossbeam formwork as a whole, and achieving efficient construction efficiency and high-quality lower crossbeam construction; 2. The pile side bottom formwork of the present application is designed with openings and horizontal and vertical splits. It has a simple structure, is easy to process and manufacture, and is extremely convenient to install and disassemble. This greatly simplifies the installation and removal process of the formwork. Concrete pouring does not require construction during high tide, which reduces construction time and labor costs, improves construction efficiency, and accelerates the construction progress of the high-pile wharf. 3. The inter-pile bottom formwork of the present application is assembled from multiple inter-pile bottom plates, which has a simple design structure and is easy to install and disassemble. It can well achieve the sealing of the bottom formwork structure, improve the efficiency and quality of the lower crossbeam construction, and reduce construction time and labor costs; 4. The connection method of the pile bottom plate of the present application is very simple. It is tightened and fixed by longitudinally arranged tension rods. It is very convenient to install and disassemble. The pile bottom plate structure can be reused, and the use cost is greatly reduced. 5. The leveling structure of the present application can level the upper fixing ring through the first adjusting screw. The adjustment method is simple and can facilitate the leveling operation of the pile side bottom plate, ensuring that the bottom formwork and the steel pipe pile can be stably and tightly connected as one, effectively preventing grout leakage at the template joints, and can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of the pile foundation to ensure the sealing effect around the pile. 6. Another leveling structure design of the present application is simpler. The horizontality of the upper surface of the support ring is adjusted by a rubber pad to ensure the horizontal arrangement of the supported pile side bottom plate. This structure facilitates the adjustment of the pile side bottom plate, has a good sealing effect, and is easy to operate. 7. This application sets a unloading structure between the corbel and the main beam. The position of the unloading structure of this application is adjustable, which is convenient for movement and installation. The adjustable height unloading structure can facilitate the demoulding of the formwork, greatly improving the efficiency of the lower beam casting construction and reducing the construction difficulty; 8. The side formwork and end formwork of the present application are fixed to the bottom formwork structure through connection holes. The "bottom-wrapped side" design of the side formwork ensures the stability of the formwork during concrete pouring, avoids deformation of the formwork, and thus improves the construction quality of the lower beam; 9. The side formwork of this application is made of standard formwork, which has excellent adaptability and can be reused, greatly reducing the cost of pouring the lower beam and improving construction efficiency. The standard formwork is also very convenient to install and disassemble and is also easy to transport. 10. This application provides a construction method for pouring the lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf. The entire construction method is well-organized and, in the case of inclined steel pipe piles, can effectively prevent grout leakage at the template joints, can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of the pile foundation, ensure the sealing effect around the pile, and overall improve the waterproof performance of the lower crossbeam template; 11. The unloading block of the present application is easy to install and operate. The unloading block can be quickly installed and fixed to the designed position, which facilitates the installation operation of the main beam; 12. The arrangement of the bottom formwork structure of the present application is realized based on the leveling structure, which is simple to operate and easy to install, ensuring the sealing effect around the pile and improving the waterproof performance of the lower beam formwork as a whole; 13. The installation of the side and end forms in this application is very simple. The side and end forms are installed based on the bottom form, forming a "bottom-wrapped-side" design, which ensures the stability of the formwork during concrete pouring and avoids deformation of the formwork; 14. The method of dismantling the formwork in this application is very convenient. By adjusting the unloading block, a gap can be quickly created between the formwork and the concrete, thereby achieving rapid formwork removal.

[0024] The watertight formwork structure of the present application effectively prevents leakage at the formwork joints, can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of the pile foundation, ensures the sealing effect around the pile, and overall improves the waterproof performance of the lower beam formwork. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 : Axial view of the watertight template of this application; Figure 2 : A top view of the bottom mold structure of this application; Figure 3 : Top view of the bottom form between piles of the present application; Figure 4 : Main view of the pile bottom plate of this application; Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the side mold of the present application being installed on the bottom mold structure; Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the first leveling structure of this application; Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the second leveling structure of this application; Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the third leveling structure of this application; Figure 9 : The schematic diagram below of the third leveling structure of this application; Figure 10 : The upper schematic diagram of the third leveling structure of the present application; Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the unloading structure of this application; Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mooring component of this application; Figure 13 : Schematic diagram of the connection between the end mold and the bottom mold structure of this application; Among them: 1—steel pipe pile; 2—corbel; 3—main beam; 4—secondary beam; 5—pile side bottom formwork; 6—inter-pile bottom formwork; 7—side formwork; 8—end formwork; 9—tension rod; 10—channel steel; 11—lower fixing ring; 12—upper fixing ring; 13—first adjusting screw; 14—support ring; 15—rubber pad; 16—second adjusting screw; 17—pad; 18—unloading block; 19—base; 20—slider; 21—slide rail; 22—connecting hole; 23—ring; 24—support plate; 25—rubber pad; 26—mooring component; 27—adjustable screw; 28—diagonal brace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] The present application relates to a watertight formwork for a cast-in-place lower beam of a high-pile wharf. The watertight formwork of the present application is used for casting the lower beam of a high-pile wharf. The watertight formwork of the present application is based on steel pipe piles as a bearing foundation. Compared with the traditional straight pile structure, the watertight formwork of the present application can be used for casting the lower beam containing multiple inclined piles. In order to solve the problem of easy leakage of slurry at the joints between the inclined piles and the formwork during the overall construction of the lower beam, the present application is provided with a leveling structure under the formwork. By leveling the bottom formwork structure in the watertight formwork, the bottom formwork structure can always be in a horizontal state, and the bottom formwork structure can be sealed and connected to the circumferential outer side of the inclined steel pipe piles through the leveling structure, forming a stable and good casting construction structure. The watertight formwork structure of the present application effectively prevents leakage at the formwork joints, can adapt to the slope and plane deviation of the pile foundation, ensures the sealing effect around the pile, and improves the waterproof performance of the lower beam formwork as a whole.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a watertight formwork for a cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf of the present application includes a supporting structure, a bottom formwork structure, a leveling structure, a side formwork 7, and an end formwork 8. The supporting structure includes a corbel 2 fixed to the outer circumference of a steel pipe pile 1, a main beam 3 resting on the corbel 2, and a secondary beam 4 fixed to the main beam 3. One end of the corbel 2 is fixed to the outer circumference of the steel pipe pile 1, and the other end extends horizontally and longitudinally toward the outer side of the pile group, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the plurality of steel pipe piles of the present application form a pile group structure, the main beam 3 is a beam structure arranged along the horizontal transverse direction, the main beam 3 is placed on the corbel 2, the secondary beam 4 is a beam structure arranged along the horizontal longitudinal direction, the secondary beam 4 is placed on the main beam 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the number of main beams 3 of the present application is two, and there are multiple secondary beams 4. The corbels 2, main beams 3 and secondary beams 4 form a stable supporting structure relying on steel pipe piles.

[0032] The bottom formwork structure includes a pile side bottom formwork 5 fixed to the support structure and sleeved on the steel pipe pile 1, and an inter-pile bottom formwork 6 located between two adjacent steel pipe piles 1. The pile side bottom formwork 5 is provided with a through hole for the steel pipe piles 1 to pass through. The inter-pile bottom formwork 6 and the pile side bottom formwork 5 overlap each other to form the bottom formwork for casting the lower crossbeam. That is, the bottom formwork structure of the present application is divided into the pile side bottom formwork 5 connected to the steel pipe pile 1 and the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 not directly connected to the steel pipe pile 1. Figures 2-4 As shown, the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 of the present application is a formwork structure located between adjacent steel pipe piles 1, and is actually located between adjacent pile side bottom forms 5. The lateral ends of the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 are respectively overlapped and fixed to the pile side bottom forms 5 on both sides to form a stable bottom formwork.

[0033] The leveling structure is fixed to the outside of the steel pipe pile 1 and located below the pile-side bottom formwork 5. It is used to level and seal the pile-side bottom formwork 5. The leveling structure connects the steel pipe pile 1 and the pile-side bottom formwork 5. On the one hand, the leveling structure can level the pile-side bottom formwork 5, so that the pile-side bottom formwork 5 and the overlapping inter-pile bottom formwork 6 can be smoothly and stably overlapped and fixed together. On the other hand, the leveling structure is located below the pile-side bottom formwork 5, which facilitates the formation of a seal between the pile-side bottom formwork 5 and the steel pipe pile 1, preventing water from entering the formwork.

[0034] The side forms 7 are fixed to the longitudinal sides of the bottom formwork structure; the end forms 8 are fixed to the lateral sides of the bottom formwork structure and form a closed rectangular concrete casting structure with the side forms 7. The side forms 7, end forms 8 and the bottom formwork structure form the lower beam casting formwork of the present application.

[0035] During actual construction, you can follow the steps below: S1. After the construction of the steel pipe pile 1 is completed, a bottom formwork structure, a side formwork 7 and an end formwork 8 are manufactured based on the structural dimensions of the steel pipe pile 1; The bottom formwork structure, side formwork 7 and end formwork 8 of the present application are all customized based on the steel pipe pile 1 of the high-pile wharf. In particular, the pile side bottom formwork 5 in the bottom formwork structure needs to be sleeved onto the steel pipe pile 1, so the through holes on the pile side bottom formwork 5 need to adapt to the diameter of the steel pipe pile 1. S2. Build a supporting structure based on the steel pipe pile 1, and pour concrete into the pile core based on the supporting structure; After the construction of the steel pipe pile 1 is completed, the bracket 2 is installed at the designed position of the steel pipe pile 1, the main beam 3 is built based on the bracket 2, and then the secondary beam 4 is installed to form the required support structure. An artificial channel is formed on the support structure, and then the pouring construction inside the steel pipe pile 1 can be carried out based on the artificial channel; Lower the steel cage along the center of the steel pipe pile 1, and then pour concrete into the steel pipe pile 1 to form a pile core concrete structure; S3. Installing a leveling structure based on the supporting structure, and installing a bottom mold structure on the leveling structure; The leveling structure is a structure fixed on the steel pipe pile 1. The leveling structure is mainly used to level the pile side bottom formwork 5 in the bottom formwork structure. After the pile side bottom formwork 5 is leveled, the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 can be built based on the secondary beam 4. The transverse ends of the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 are overlapped on the pile side bottom formwork 5 on both sides and then fixed together by bolts. S4, constructing the side formwork 7 and the end formwork 8 based on the bottom formwork structure; S5. Carry out the casting of the lower beam and remove the formwork after the concrete reaches the designed strength.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned bottom mold structure is optimized. Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the pile side bottom formwork 5 of this embodiment includes two pile side bottom plates, and arc-shaped grooves are opened on the longitudinal sides of the pile side bottom plates. The arc-shaped grooves on the sides of the two pile side bottom plates form through holes that are sleeved on the steel pipe pile 1.

[0037] The pile side bottom formwork 5 is split into two parts. Two pile side bottom plates with arcuate grooves are assembled together to form the pile side bottom formwork 5 with a through hole in the middle. During installation, simply align the arcuate grooves with the sides of the steel pipe pile 1 and then assemble and connect the two pile side bottom plates from both sides to form the desired pile side bottom formwork 5. A rubber waterstop is installed between the pile side bottom formwork 5 and the steel pipe pile 1 to prevent water from entering the upper part of the bottom formwork structure. The pile side bottom plates are fixed together by a bolt structure. By tightening the bolts at the edges, the pile side bottom plates can be stably fixed to the steel pipe pile 1.

[0038] The pile bottom formwork 6 of the present application includes multiple pile bottom plates arranged in the transverse direction. The adjacent pile bottom plates are overlapped with each other in the longitudinal direction and are fixed as a whole by tensioning in the longitudinal direction along the tensioning structure. The transverse ends of the pile bottom plates are overlapped and fixed on the pile side bottom formwork 5 on both sides.

[0039] The pile bottom formwork 6 is an assembled structure, which is formed by splicing together multiple pile bottom plates. The pile bottom plates are spliced ​​together longitudinally, and a channel steel 10 is provided at the lower end of the pile bottom plate, which has holes. There is a transverse joint between adjacent pile bottom plates, and by applying a tensioning force in the longitudinal direction, the adjacent pile bottom plates can be tensioned and fixed together. After the pile bottom formwork 6 is formed, the transverse ends of the pile bottom plate are respectively overlapped on the pile side bottom plates on both sides, and the ends of the pile bottom plate are fixed to the pile side bottom plates by a bolt structure, thus completing the arrangement of the bottom formwork structure. The bottom bolts are tightened manually at the bottom using a handheld mechanical tool via a ladder.

[0040] like Figure 2 、 3 As shown in FIG5 , the tensioning structure of this embodiment includes a plurality of tensioning rods 9 arranged longitudinally. The tensioning rods 9 connect adjacent pile bottom plates into one piece by sequentially passing through channel steels 10 on the lower end surfaces of the pile bottom plates.

[0041] When tensioning the inter-pile bottom plate, the tensioning rod 9 is sequentially sensed to sense the holes on the channel steel 10, and bolts are installed at the outermost ends of the tensioning rod 9. The tensioning rod 9 is tensioned and fixed by tightening the bolts, so that the inter-pile bottom plates in the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 are tensioned with each other to form a tightly connected bottom plate.

[0042] In addition, it also includes a ship-supporting member 26, such as Figure 12 As shown, the upper end of the mooring member 26 is fixed to the main beam 3 through a double-through I-beam, and the side of the mooring member 26 is pressed against the rectangular opening of the bottom plate between piles on the sea side. An "L"-shaped water-stop rubber is provided between the mooring member 26 and the bottom plate between piles.

[0043] At the sea side of the watertight formwork, the mooring member 26 extends into 5 cm of the lower crossbeam, and a rectangular opening for accommodating the mooring member 26 is opened on the side of the pile bottom plate on the sea side. The mooring member 26 is arranged in the rectangular opening and locked by the tension rod 9.

[0044] During installation, first install the mooring component 26 from top to bottom. Two I-beams are embedded inside the mooring component 26, and the I-beams are placed on the main beam 3. When the mooring component 26 is installed, the bottom formwork module is installed. An "L"-shaped water-stopping rubber is provided on the bottom plate between piles that contacts the mooring component 26. During the lowering process, it is pressed against the edge of the mooring component 26 to achieve water-stopping.

[0045] In a further embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned leveling structure is optimized. Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the leveling structure includes a lower fixing ring 11, an upper fixing ring 12, and multiple first adjustment screws 13. The lower fixing ring 11 is an annular structure that is sleeved around the outside of the steel pipe pile 1 and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile 1. The upper fixing ring 12 is an annular structure that is sleeved around the outside of the steel pipe pile 1 and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile 1. It is located above the lower fixing ring 11 and is used to support the pile side bottom formwork 5. Both the lower fixing ring 11 and the upper fixing ring 12 are annular structures that are sleeved around the steel pipe pile 1, similar to a clamp-type structure. Multiple first adjustment screws 13 are arranged between the lower fixing ring 11 and the upper fixing ring 12 at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile 1. The lower ends of the first adjustment screws 13 are rotatably connected to the lower fixing ring 11, and the upper ends are spirally adjustable and connected to the sleeves of the upper fixing ring 12.

[0046] During actual use, both the lower fixing ring 11 and the upper fixing ring 12 are put on the steel pipe pile 1, and the lower fixing ring 11 is fixed first so that the lower fixing ring 11 is stably fixed at the designed height position of the steel pipe pile 1, and then the position of the upper fixing ring 12 is adjusted, and the height position and levelness of the upper fixing ring 12 are adjusted by rotating the first adjusting screw 13. The height of the upper fixing ring 12 can be adjusted by rotating all the first adjusting screws 13, and the levelness of the upper fixing ring 12 can be adjusted by adjusting one or several first adjusting screws 13; according to the above method, the upper fixing ring 12 can be easily adjusted to keep it in a horizontal state.

[0047] In order to facilitate the connection between the pile side bottom plate and the upper fixing ring 12, this embodiment also installs a flexible pad at the upper end of the sleeve of the upper fixing ring 12. On the one hand, it can facilitate the fixation of the pile side bottom plate, and on the other hand, it forms a flexible connection structure to avoid damage caused by rigid collision. Moreover, a circle of flexible pads can also play a role in sealing and waterproofing.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present application, another leveling structure is proposed, such as Figure 7 As shown, the leveling structure of this embodiment includes a support ring 14, a rubber pad 15, a plurality of second adjusting screws 16 and a pad 17. The support ring 14 is an annular structure sleeved on the outside of the circumference of the steel pipe pile 1. The support ring 14 is a structure similar to a clamp and can be tightened and opened by a bolt structure on the side; the rubber pad 15 is filled between the support ring 14 and the steel pipe pile 1 to adjust the support ring 14 so that the upper end surface of the support ring 14 maintains a horizontal state; a plurality of first adjusting screws 13 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile 1 between the support ring 14 and the pile side bottom formwork 5; the lower end of the second adjusting screw 16 is rotatably connected to the support ring 14, and the upper end is spirally adjustable and connected to the pile bottom formwork 6 to adjust the distance between the pile bottom formwork 6 and the support ring 14; the pad 17 is arranged between the support ring 14 and the pile side bottom formwork 5.

[0049] In this leveling structure, the support ring 14 is leveled by a rubber pad 15. A high-strength rubber pad 15 is inserted into the gap between the support ring 14 and the steel pipe pile 1. The rubber pad 15 changes the posture of the support ring 14 until the upper surface of the support ring 14 is horizontal.

[0050] The second adjusting screw 16 can be used to adjust the height and levelness of the upper pile-side base plate. Its operating principle is the same as that of the first adjusting screw 13. In actual application, a sleeve structure can be installed at the corresponding position on the pile-side base plate to facilitate the connection and adjustment of the second adjusting screw 16.

[0051] The pad 17 is a flexible support pad that can support the pile side bottom plate and also form a good sealing and water-proof structure. When the pile side bottom plate is pressed against the pad 17, a sealing and water-proof mode can be formed.

[0052] At the same time, a water-stopping rubber is provided between the pile side bottom plate and the steel pipe pile 1 in this embodiment.

[0053] When in use, first put the support ring 14 on the steel pipe pile 1 at a suitable height, then insert the rubber pad 15 between the support ring 14 and the steel pipe pile 1, adjust the position of the rubber pad 15, tighten the support ring 14, so that the upper surface of the support ring 14 is in a horizontal state; install the pad 17 on the support ring 14, rotate and adjust the second adjusting screw 16, tighten the pile side bottom plate, so that the pile side bottom plate is stably placed and fixed on the pad 17, and install the water-stop rubber between the pile side bottom plate and the steel pipe pile 1.

[0054] In other embodiments of the present application, another leveling structure is proposed, such as Figures 8-10As shown, the leveling structure of this embodiment includes an annular ring 23, a support plate 24 and a rubber pad 25. The ring 23 is an annular structure customized according to the steel pipe pile 1. The ring 23 is fixed to the steel pipe pile 1 by welding or other means. The upper surface of the ring 23 is in a horizontal state, or the support plate 24 and the rubber pad 25 on the upper surface of the ring 23 are designed to form a horizontal structure.

[0055] The outer circumference of the collar 23 is equipped with multiple support plates 24 spaced circumferentially. These support plates 24 are triangular, diagonal bracing structures with their upper ends horizontal. Rubber pads 25 are mounted on these support plates 24. Similarly, these pads are provided with holes for the steel pipe piles 1 to pass through. The pile-side bottom plate rests on these rubber pads 25. The flexible rubber pads 25 create a watertight seal, effectively preventing water from entering from below.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, a load-reducing structure is provided on the supporting structure, such as Figure 11 As shown, the unloading structure includes an unloading block 18 and a base 19. A slider 20 is provided on the lower end surface of the unloading block 18, and a plurality of positioning holes are opened on the side of the unloading block 18; the base 19 is connected to the corbel 2 through a plurality of adjustment blocks so that the horizontality can be adjusted, and a slide rail 21 arranged along the longitudinal direction is provided on the base 19; the slider 20 is slidably connected to the slide rail 21 and limits the non-longitudinal relative displacement between the unloading block 18 and the base 19. After the longitudinal position adjustment is completed, the unloading block 18 is fixed to the base 19 by a positioning pin inserted into the positioning hole.

[0057] The unloading structure is used for subsequent demoulding. By adjusting the height and angle of the unloading block 18, the distance between the main beam 3 and the corbel 2 can be clearly changed. The formwork structure above the main beam 3 can be separated from the concrete surface under the action of gravity to complete the demoulding operation.

[0058] During installation, adjust the adjustment block between the base 19 and the bracket 2 so that the base 19 is in a horizontal state, align the slider 20 at the bottom of the unloading block 18 and snap it into the slide rail 21 on the base 19, move the unloading block 18 along the slide rail 21 to the designed position, and insert the positioning pin into the positioning hole of the unloading block 18 to fix the unloading block 18 on the base 19; When demolding, adjust the height and angle of the unloading block 18 to change the gap between the corbel 2 and the main beam 3. Under the action of gravity, a gap is generated between the formwork and the concrete of the lower crossbeam. Remove the side formwork 7, end formwork 8 and bottom formwork structure in turn, and then remove the supporting structure.

[0059] When disassembling the unloading structure, the positioning pin is pulled out and the slider 20 is disengaged from the slide rail 21 along the direction of the slide rail 21 to complete the disassembly operation of the unloading structure.

[0060] In other embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned bottom mold structure is optimized. Specifically, Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a plurality of connecting holes 22 are provided on both longitudinal and transverse sides of the bottom mold structure, and the side mold 7 and the end mold 8 are detachably fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom mold structure through the connecting holes 22. Figure 13 As shown, the top of the end mold 8 is locked by a pull rod, and the bottom is fixed to the bottom mold structure in an adjustable position by an adjustable screw 27 on the bottom mold structure. In addition, a diagonal brace 28 for supporting the end mold 8 is provided between the end mold 8 and the bottom mold structure.

[0061] That is to say, the side mold 7 and the end mold 8 of this embodiment are both fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom mold structure through the connecting holes 22, forming a "bottom-wrapped side" design.

[0062] The side formwork 7 includes multiple standard formworks, adjacent standard formworks are overlapped and fixedly connected, and the standard formworks are fixedly connected to the secondary beam 4 by cables. The adjacent overlapping standard formworks are fixedly connected as a whole by tie rods, and the outside of the standard formworks is reinforced by cross beams and longitudinal beams.

[0063] During actual construction, you can proceed as follows: After the construction of the steel pipe pile 1 is completed, the bottom formwork structure, the side formwork 7 and the end formwork 8 are manufactured based on the structural dimensions of the steel pipe pile 1; Weld the corbel 2 to the outer circumference of the steel pipe pile 1, install the unloading structure on the corbel 2, adjust the adjustment block between the base 19 and the corbel 2 to make the base 19 horizontal, align and snap the slider 20 at the bottom of the unloading block 18 into the slide rail 21 on the base 19, move the unloading block 18 along the slide rail 21 to the designed position, insert the positioning pin into the positioning hole of the unloading block 18 to fix the unloading block 18 to the base 19; lay the main beam 3 based on the unloading structure, and install the secondary beam 4 on the main beam 3; Install the mooring member 26 from top to bottom, placing the I-beam of the mooring member 26 on the main beam 3; After the support structure is installed, an artificial channel is formed, and a steel cage is lowered into the steel pipe pile 1 based on the artificial channel to pour concrete and carry out the construction of the pile core concrete; Arrange a leveling structure on the steel pipe pile 1. For details on the installation of the leveling structure, refer to the above description. Install the pile side bottom plate on the leveling structure, the pile side bottom plate is leveled by the leveling structure, and a water-stop rubber is installed between the pile side bottom plate and the steel pipe pile 1; lay the inter-pile bottom plate between the two groups of pile side bottom plates, and lay the inter-pile bottom plate from the sea side to the shore side, lower the inter-pile bottom plate so that the "L"-shaped water-stop rubber is pressed against the edge of the mooring member 26 to achieve water stopping, and the tensioning rod 9 is sequentially sensed to the holes on the channel steel 10, and bolts are installed at the outermost ends of the tensioning rod 9. The tensioning rod 9 is tightened and fixed by tightening the bolts, so that the inter-pile bottom plates in the inter-pile bottom formwork 6 are tensioned with each other to form a tightly connected bottom plate; the transverse ends of the inter-pile bottom plate are respectively overlapped on the pile side bottom plates on both sides, and the ends of the inter-pile bottom plate are fixed to the pile side bottom plates by the bolt structure to complete the installation of the bottom formwork structure; Align the screw holes at the lower ends of the side formwork 7 and the end formwork 8 with the connection holes 22 on the bottom formwork structure, drive in bolts, and fix the side formwork 7 and the end formwork 8 to the bottom formwork structure; during the installation of the side formwork 7, adjacent standard formworks are overlapped with each other, fixed together by tension rods, and then fixedly connected to the secondary beam 4 by cables to complete the installation of the formwork; Pour concrete into the installed formwork to cast the lower beam, pouring in layers until the lower beam is cast. When the concrete strength reaches the designed strength, start removing the formwork; Adjust the height and angle of the unloading block 18 to change the gap between the corbel 2 and the main beam 3. Under the action of gravity, a gap is generated between the formwork and the concrete of the lower crossbeam. Remove the side formwork 7, end formwork 8 and bottom formwork structure in sequence, and then remove the supporting structure. Remove the secondary beam 4, then remove the main beam 3, pull out the positioning pin, remove the slider 20 from the slide rail 21 along the direction of the slide rail 21, remove the bracket 2, and complete the casting construction of the entire lower beam.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal direction of this application Figure 2 The left and right directions in this application refer to Figure 2 The vertical direction in this application refers to the up and down direction Figure 2 The direction perpendicular to the paper.

[0065] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection claimed in this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A watertight formwork for cast-in-place lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf, characterized by: include, A supporting structure comprising a corbel (2) fixed to the outer side of the circumference of the steel pipe pile (1), a main beam (3) resting on the corbel (2), and a secondary beam (4) fixed to the main beam (3); A bottom formwork structure, comprising a pile side bottom formwork (5) fixed to a supporting structure and sleeved on the steel pipe piles (1), and an inter-pile bottom formwork (6) located between two adjacent steel pipe piles (1); the pile side bottom formwork (5) is provided with through holes for the steel pipe piles (1) to pass through, and the inter-pile bottom formwork (6) and the pile side bottom formwork (5) are overlapped to form a bottom formwork for casting a lower beam; A leveling structure, the leveling structure being fixed to the outside of the steel pipe pile (1) and located below the pile side bottom form (5) for leveling and sealing the pile side bottom form (5); Side molds (7), the side molds (7) being fixed on both longitudinal sides of the bottom mold structure; End molds (8), the end molds (8) are fixed on both lateral sides of the bottom mold structure and form a closed rectangular concrete pouring structure with the side molds (7).

2. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile side bottom formwork (5) comprises two pile side bottom plates; arcuate grooves are provided on the longitudinal sides of the pile side bottom plates, and the arcuate grooves on the sides of the two pile side bottom plates form through holes that are sleeved on the steel pipe pile (1).

3. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inter-pile bottom formwork (6) comprises a plurality of inter-pile bottom plates arranged in the transverse direction; the adjacent inter-pile bottom plates are overlapped with each other in the longitudinal direction and are fixed together by tensioning in the longitudinal direction along the tensioning structure, and the transverse ends of the inter-pile bottom plates are overlapped and fixed to the pile side bottom forms (5) on both sides.

4. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tensioning structure comprises a plurality of tensioning rods (9); the tensioning rods (9) are arranged longitudinally, and the tensioning rods (9) connect adjacent pile bottom plates into one piece by sequentially passing through channel steels (10) on the lower end surfaces of the pile bottom plates.

5. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling structure includes: A lower fixing ring (11), wherein the lower fixing ring (11) is an annular structure sleeved on the outside of the steel pipe pile (1) and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile (1); An upper fixing ring (12), the upper fixing ring (12) is an annular structure that is sleeved on the outside of the steel pipe pile (1) and fixedly connected to the steel pipe pile (1) and is located above the lower fixing ring (11) and is used to support the pile side bottom mold (5); A plurality of first adjusting screws (13) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile (1) between a lower fixing ring (11) and an upper fixing ring (12); the lower ends of the first adjusting screws (13) are rotatably connected to the lower fixing ring (11), and the upper ends are spirally adjustable and connected to the sleeves of the upper fixing ring (12).

6. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling structure includes: A support ring (14), the support ring (14) is an annular structure sleeved on the outer circumference of the steel pipe pile (1); A rubber pad (15), wherein the rubber pad (15) is filled between the support ring (14) and the steel pipe pile (1) and is used to adjust the support ring (14) so ​​that the upper end surface of the support ring (14) maintains a horizontal state; A plurality of second adjusting screws (16), wherein the plurality of first adjusting screws (13) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel pipe pile (1) between the support ring (14) and the pile side bottom mold (5), the lower end of the second adjusting screw (16) being rotatably connected to the support ring (14), and the upper end being spirally adjustable and connected to the pile bottom mold (6) for adjusting the distance between the pile bottom mold (6) and the support ring (14); A cushion block (17) is provided between the support ring (14) and the pile side bottom formwork (5).

7. The watertight formwork for the cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an unloading structure; the unloading structure includes, A unloading block (18), wherein a slider (20) is provided on the lower end surface of the unloading block (18), and a plurality of positioning holes are opened on the side of the unloading block (18); A base (19), wherein the base (19) is connected to the bracket (2) via a plurality of adjustment blocks so that the horizontality thereof can be adjusted. A slide rail (21) arranged longitudinally is provided on the base (19); The slider (20) is slidably connected to the slide rail (21) and limits the non-longitudinal relative displacement between the unloading block (18) and the base (19); after the longitudinal position adjustment is completed, the unloading block (18) is fixed to the base (19) by a positioning pin inserted into the positioning hole.

8. A construction method, characterized in that: The construction method is used to construct a watertight formwork for a cast-in-situ lower crossbeam of a high-pile wharf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: After the construction of the steel pipe pile (1) is completed, a bottom formwork structure, a side formwork (7) and an end formwork (8) are manufactured based on the structural dimensions of the steel pipe pile (1); Building a support structure based on the steel pipe piles (1), and pouring pile core concrete based on the support structure; Installing a leveling structure based on the supporting structure, and installing a bottom mold structure on the leveling structure; Constructing side forms (7) and end forms (8) based on the bottom form structure; Carry out the lower crossbeam pouring construction, and remove the formwork after the concrete reaches the designed strength.

9. A construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for installing a bottom formwork structure on a leveling structure comprises: sleeve-fitting two pile side bottom plates onto the outer circumference of a steel pipe pile (1) and placing and fixing the pile side bottom plates on the leveling structure; assembling the inter-pile bottom plates based on the supporting structure, using tie rods to connect the inter-pile bottom plates in the longitudinal direction, and using bolts to connect the inter-pile bottom plates and the pile side bottom plates into one body to form a bottom formwork structure.

10. A construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for constructing the side formwork (7) and the end formwork (8) based on the bottom formwork structure comprises: overlapping and fixing the standard formwork of the side formwork (7) together in sequence; inserting the lower ends of the side formwork (7) and the end formwork (8) into the connecting holes (22) on the side of the bottom formwork structure, so that the side formwork (7) and the end formwork (8) are positioned and fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom formwork structure; and using a cable to tension and fix the side formwork (7) on the supporting structure.

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