Optical computing multiplication structure and optical computing system

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical calculation multiplication structure and an optical calculation system, relates to the technical field of optical calculation, and aims to improve the optical calculation energy efficiency ratio and reduce the implementation difficulty of a photoelectric integrated structure. The optical calculation multiplication structure comprises a first multi-mode interference coupler, a second multi-mode interference coupler, at least two optical modulators, at least two optical waveguides and at least two switching devices. The input end of the first multimode interference coupler is used for coupling an optical signal; the output ends of the first multi-mode interference coupler correspond to the output ends of the second multi-mode interference coupler in a one-to-one mode, and each output end of the first multi-mode interference coupler is coupled with the corresponding input end of the second multi-mode interference coupler through the corresponding optical waveguide. The number of the output ends of the second multimode interference coupler is equal to the number of the input ends. The at least two optical modulators and the at least two optical waveguides are in one-to-one correspondence, each optical modulator is used for modulating an optical signal transmitted in the corresponding optical waveguide, and each optical modulator is coupled with an electric signal through a corresponding switching device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical computing technology, and in particular to an optical computing multiplication structure and an optical computing system. Background Art

[0002] Photonic computing architectures, with their high speed and parallel capabilities, offer significant advantages in linear computation, making them a hot topic in international research. Researchers are using novel optical materials such as optical waveguide micro-nanostructures and microlens arrays to build photonic computing chips for diverse applications.

[0003] However, existing optical computing multiplication structures require a large number of digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters to convert analog optical signals into digital signals, and then convert the digital signals back into analog signals after the optical computing is performed. These digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters consume a large amount of energy in the optical computing multiplication structure, limiting the energy efficiency of optical computing. Furthermore, the complex and high-speed digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters restrict the realization of monolithic optoelectronic integrated architectures, hindering the widespread application of photonic computing structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an optical computing multiplication structure and an optical computing system, which can use a single-bit digital signal to directly control the switching devices corresponding to two optical modulators to implement a multiplication operation of the input optical signal by +1 or -1, without the need for an AD / DA converter, thereby improving the energy efficiency of optical computing and reducing the difficulty of implementing optoelectronic integrated structures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical computing multiplication structure, which includes: a first multimode interference coupler, a second multimode interference coupler, at least two optical modulators, at least two optical waveguides, and at least two switching devices. The input end of the first multimode interference coupler is used to couple an optical signal; the output end included in the first multimode interference coupler corresponds one-to-one with the output end included in the second multimode interference coupler, and each output end of the first multimode interference coupler is coupled to the corresponding input end of the second multimode interference coupler through a corresponding optical waveguide. The number of output ends of the second multimode interference coupler is equal to the number of input ends. At least two optical modulators correspond one-to-one to at least two optical waveguides, each optical modulator is used to modulate the optical signal transmitted in the corresponding optical waveguide, and each optical modulator couples an electrical signal through a corresponding switching device.

[0006] When using the above technical solution, an optical signal is input into the input port of a first multimode interference coupler. Under the influence of the multimode interference region included in the first multimode interference coupler, multiple modes constructively interfere with each other to produce a self-mirror effect, periodically generating multiple images of the input field along the propagation direction. Secondly, each optical modulator couples an electrical signal via a corresponding switching device, and the conduction state of the switching device is controlled by the weight W represented by the electrical signal. For example, an optical computing multiplication structure is used to implement binary multiplication: in this case, the optical computing multiplication structure includes two switching devices, S1 and S2, which can be connected to the Q terminal or Q' terminal of the controller, respectively. When the weight W1 is equal to 1, S1 is turned on, S2 is turned off, and the optical modulator corresponding to S1 is turned on, causing the phase difference between the optical signals transmitted in the two optical waveguides to increase by pi / 2 (of course, in addition to phase, optical parameters such as wavelength or intensity of the optical signal can also be adjusted through the optical modulator). After the output power is concentrated at the output end of the second multimode interference coupler corresponding to S1, a Pin*(+1) operation is completed. When the weight W=(-1), S1 is turned off, S2 is turned on, and the optical modulator corresponding to S2 is turned on, causing the phase difference between the optical signals transmitted in the two optical waveguides to increase by pi / 2 (correspondingly, in addition to phase, optical parameters such as wavelength or intensity of the optical signal can also be adjusted through the optical modulator). After the output power is concentrated at the output end of the second multimode interference coupler corresponding to S2, a Pin*(-1) operation is completed. In other words, a single digital signal can be used to directly control the switches corresponding to the two optical modulators, thereby performing a multiplication operation of the input optical signal by +1 or -1. It can be seen that the optical computing multiplication structure provided by the present invention can realize multiplication operations without setting up an AD / DA converter, which is beneficial to reducing the structural complexity of the optical computing multiplication structure, improving the energy efficiency of optical computing, and reducing the difficulty of realizing optoelectronic integrated structures.

[0007] In one example, at least one light modulator is a thermo-optical modulator.

[0008] In one example, the optical modulator is an optical phase modulator.

[0009] In one example, the switching device is an electrical switch or a transistor.

[0010] In one example, the first multimode interference coupler is a 1×2 multimode interference coupler, and the second multimode interference coupler is a 2×2 multimode interference coupler.

[0011] In one example, the lengths of the different optical waveguides are the same.

[0012] In one example, a length of the at least one optical waveguide is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 500 micrometers.

[0013] In one example, a spacing between different optical waveguides is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 1000 microns.

[0014] In an example, when each switch device is in an off state, the optical powers corresponding to different output ends of the second multimode interference coupler are the same.

[0015] In one example, the optical signal is a digital signal or an analog signal, and the electrical signal is a digital signal.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an optical computing system, which includes the optical computing multiplication structure provided by the first aspect and various implementations thereof.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the second aspect of the present invention and its various implementations can be analyzed with reference to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and its various implementations, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the optical computing multiplication structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the optical computing multiplication structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the output power ratio of one output end in the second multimode interference coupler when the optical computing multiplication structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is a binary multiplication structure and the electrical signals controlling the electrical switching are different.

[0022] Reference numerals: 11 is a first multimode interference coupler, 12 is a second multimode interference coupler, 13 is an optical modulator, 14 is an optical waveguide, and 15 is a switch device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0024] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematics according to embodiments of the present invention. These figures are not drawn to scale; certain details are exaggerated and may be omitted for clarity. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positions, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0025] In the context of the present invention, when a layer / element is referred to as being "on" another layer / element, the layer / element may be directly on the other layer / element, or an intervening layer / element may exist between them. Furthermore, if a layer / element is "on" another layer / element in one orientation, it may be "below" the other layer / element when the orientation is reversed. To further clarify the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended solely to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and may encompass internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0028] As advanced chip technology approaches its physical limits, the development of integrated circuits faces significant challenges. Collaborative innovation and breakthroughs in new materials, devices, principles, and architectures are crucial for addressing these challenges in microelectronics. At the same time, the rapid development of emerging technologies such as AI-based natural language processing, image recognition, and autonomous driving comes at the expense of significant computing resources and energy consumption. The widespread application of AI necessitates the development of new, low-power, high-performance computer hardware and systems, placing higher demands on integrated circuit technology. Photonic computing chips, based on silicon-based optoelectronics technology, utilize materials and processes compatible with integrated circuits to transmit and process information in the optical domain. These chips offer faster speeds, greater bandwidth, and lower energy consumption, making them an effective way to address the performance bottlenecks and information congestion faced by integrated circuits.

[0029] Photonic computing architectures, with their high speed and parallel capabilities, offer significant advantages in linear computation, making them a hot topic in international research. Researchers are using novel optical materials such as optical waveguide micro-nanostructures and microlens arrays to build photonic computing chips for diverse applications.

[0030] Photonic computing chips, built with optical devices as the basic unit and networked with photonic devices, can utilize high-speed, parallel, and low-power photons as information carriers. These chips are considered the most promising solution for future high-speed, ultra-large-scale, large-scale, artificial intelligence, and brain-inspired computing, and are expected to drive a new round of industrial revolution. Silicon-based optoelectronics technology leverages the unique advantages of photons in speed, bandwidth, and interference resistance, while also offering integration processes compatible with CMOS processes. This technology can overcome the development difficulties of integrated circuits and further enhance chip computing capabilities. Unlike binary electronic computing systems consisting of 0s and 1s, photons possess more controllable modulation and multiplexing dimensions, such as phase, wavelength, polarization, and mode. These advantages offer unique advantages in analog and multi-bit computing, and are highly suitable for massively parallel computation. This represents a key direction for the development of integrated circuits in the post-Moore era.

[0031] However, existing optical computing multiplication structures require a large number of digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters to convert analog optical signals into digital signals, and then convert the digital signals back into analog signals after the optical computing is performed. These digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters consume a large amount of energy in the optical computing multiplication structure, limiting the energy efficiency of optical computing. Furthermore, the complex and high-speed digital-to-analog converters and analog-to-digital converters restrict the realization of monolithic optoelectronic integrated architectures, hindering the widespread application of photonic computing structures.

[0032] To address the above technical issues, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical computing multiplication structure and optical computing system. The optical computing multiplication structure provided in embodiments of the present invention eliminates the need for an AD / DA converter and uses a single-bit digital signal to directly control the switching devices corresponding to two optical modulators, thereby performing a multiplication operation of the input optical signal by +1 or -1. This reduces the structural complexity of the optical computing multiplication structure, improves the energy efficiency of optical computing, and reduces the difficulty of implementing optoelectronic integrated structures.

[0033] Specifically, in the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an optical computing multiplication structure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical computing multiplication structure includes: a first multimode interference coupler 11, a second multimode interference coupler 12, at least two optical modulators 13, at least two optical waveguides 14, and at least two switching devices 15. The input end of the first multimode interference coupler 11 is used to couple an optical signal; the output end included in the first multimode interference coupler 11 corresponds one-to-one with the output end included in the second multimode interference coupler 12, and each output end of the first multimode interference coupler 11 is coupled to the corresponding input end of the second multimode interference coupler 12 through a corresponding optical waveguide 14. The number of output ends of the second multimode interference coupler 12 is equal to the number of input ends. At least two optical modulators 13 correspond one-to-one to at least two optical waveguides 14, each optical modulator 13 is used to modulate the optical signal transmitted in the corresponding optical waveguide 14, and each optical modulator 13 couples an electrical signal through a corresponding switching device 15.

[0034] In actual application, the first multimode interference coupler realizes the spectroscopic processing of the input optical signal based on the self-imaging principle. The optical signal outputted by each output end of the first multimode interference coupler is optically modulated at the optical waveguide by the switching device controlled by the electrical signal so that the optical modulator performs optical modulation according to the working requirements, thereby realizing the N (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) base multiplication calculation of the optical signal and the electrical signal. In this case, the number of output ends and output ends included in the above-mentioned first multimode interference coupler and the second multimode interference coupler, and the number of optical waveguides, switching devices and optical modulators included in the optical calculation multiplication structure can be determined according to the base number realized by the optical calculation multiplication structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the actual application scenario, and no specific limitation is made here. Among them, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the number of output ends of the first multimode interference coupler 11, the number of input ends of the second multimode interference coupler 12, the number of output ends of the second multimode interference coupler 12, and the number of optical waveguides 14, switching devices 15 and optical modulators 13 included in the optical computing multiplication structure are equal.

[0035] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when binary multiplication is implemented using an optical computing multiplication structure, the first multimode interference coupler 11 is a 1×2 multimode interference coupler, and the second multimode interference coupler 12 is a 2×2 multimode interference coupler. Furthermore, the optical computing multiplication structure includes two optical waveguides 14, two switching devices 15, and two optical modulators 13.

[0036] For the above-mentioned optical modulator, the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type and structure of the optical modulator, as long as it can be applied to the optical calculation multiplication structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] For example, in terms of modulation parameters, the optical modulator can be an optical phase modulator. Alternatively, it can be an optical intensity modulator or an optical wavelength modulator, etc. The optical multiplication structure can be used to implement the calculation method for multiplying optical and electrical signals, as well as actual needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0038] In terms of modulation principles, at least one optical modulator can be a thermo-optical modulator or an electro-optical modulator. A thermo-optical modulator is an optoelectronic device that utilizes the thermo-optic effect to modulate (change) the intensity, phase, or other parameters of an optical signal. The principle of a thermo-optical modulator is based on the temperature-dependent change in the refractive index of an optical waveguide material. This change in refractive index can be used to modulate the optical signal passing through the waveguide material. An electro-optical modulator, on the other hand, utilizes the electro-optic effect of electro-optic crystals within an optical waveguide, such as lithium niobate, gallium arsenide, and lithium tantalate. The electro-optic effect refers to the fact that when a voltage is applied to an electro-optic crystal, the refractive index of the crystal changes, resulting in changes in the properties of the light wave passing through the crystal, thereby modulating the phase, amplitude, intensity, and polarization state of the optical signal. Specifically, the different optical modulators can be of the same type, such as all being thermo-optical modulators or all being electro-optical modulators. Of course, the different optical modulators can also be of different types, such as at least one being a thermo-optical modulator and the others being electro-optical modulators.

[0039] As for the optical waveguide, from the material aspect, the material of the optical waveguide can be set according to the type of optical modulator and actual needs, as long as it can be applied to the optical computing multiplication structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] For example, when the optical modulator is a thermo-optical modulator, the material of the optical waveguide may include semiconductor materials such as silicon, gallium arsenide or indium phosphide.

[0041] For example, when the optical modulator is an electro-optical modulator, the material of the optical waveguide may include lithium niobate, gallium arsenide, lithium tantalate, etc.

[0042] In addition, in at least two optical waveguides disposed between the first multimode interference coupler and the second multimode interference coupler, two adjacent optical waveguides serve as two interference arms in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and photon computing is achieved using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure and an optical modulator. Specifically, taking the optical modulator as a thermo-optical modulator as an example, two adjacent optical waveguides are coupled together, and a temperature difference between the two interference arms in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is generated by applying a voltage to a heater element. This temperature difference causes a change in the refractive index of the optical waveguides, which in turn causes a phase shift between the two arms of the interferometer. By using a second multimode interference coupler at the output end of the interferometer, the phase shift is converted into intensity modulation of the output optical signal. In this case, the lengths of the different optical waveguides disposed between the first multimode interference coupler and the second multimode interference coupler can be the same, thereby improving the accuracy of the photon computing results. Alternatively, the lengths of different optical waveguides may be different, and the difference between the lengths of different optical waveguides may be greater than 0 and less than 100 microns (for example, the difference between the lengths of different optical waveguides may be 1 micron, 10 microns, 20 microns, 30 microns, 40 microns, 50 microns, 60 microns, 80 microns, or 90 microns, etc.). In this case, the difference in the lengths of different optical waveguides is small, and while ensuring that the results of photon calculations have high accuracy, the process difficulty of manufacturing the optical calculation multiplication structure can be reduced, thereby improving the yield of the optical calculation multiplication structure.

[0043] As for the specific length of the optical waveguide, it can be understood that when the length of the optical waveguide is different, the splitting ratio of the output end of the second multimode interference coupler is also different, and the different splitting ratios of the output end of the second multimode interference coupler will affect the output structure accuracy of the optical calculation multiplication structure. Preferably, when each switch device is in the off state, the optical power corresponding to the different output ends of the second multimode interference coupler is the same. At this time, the output structure of the different output ends of the second multimode interference coupler is only the calculation result of the multiplication of the optical signal and the electrical signal. Of course, due to the existence of actual manufacturing errors, after the optical calculation multiplication structure provided by the present invention is formed, when each switch device is in the off state, the optical power corresponding to the different output ends of the second multimode interference coupler may be different. At this time, the bias can be set to 0 by calibrating the voltage of the DC voltage source. The specific calibration process can be determined according to the actual application scenario and is not specifically limited here.

[0044] Exemplarily, the length of the at least one optical waveguide is greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 500 microns. For example, the length of the at least one optical waveguide can be 5 microns, 10 microns, 20 microns, 30 microns, 40 microns, 50 microns, 60 microns, 80 microns, 90 microns, 100 microns, 200 microns, 300 microns, 400 microns, or 500 microns.

[0045] Illustratively, the spacing between different optical waveguides is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 1000 microns. For example, the spacing between different optical waveguides can be 1 micron, 10 microns, 50 microns, 100 microns, 200 microns, 300 microns, 400 microns, 500 microns, 600 microns, 800 microns, or 1000 microns.

[0046] In actual application, the optical signal input by the first multimode interference coupler can be a digital signal or an analog signal. The electrical signal that controls the switch device to turn off or on can be a digital signal. In this case, the optical computing multiplication structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention can not only realize the multiplication calculation between digital optical signals and digital electrical signals, but also realize the multiplication calculation between analog optical signals and digital electrical signals. And, as Figure 1 As shown, the optical computing multiplication structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention only includes a first multimode interference coupler 11, a second multimode interference coupler 12, an optical waveguide 14, an optical modulator 13 and a switch device 15, and does not require an additional AD / DA converter.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the switching device 15 can be any device capable of realizing a switching function, such as an electrical switch or a transistor, as long as it can be applied to the optical computing multiplication structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] From the above content, it can be seen that the optical signal is transmitted from the input end of the first multimode interference coupler (i.e. Figure 1 The input is input at the In terminal in the first multimode interference coupler. Under the action of the multimode interference region included in the first multimode interference coupler, multiple modes constructively interfere with each other to produce a self-mirror effect, and multiple images of the input field are periodically generated along the propagation direction. Secondly, each optical modulator couples an electrical signal through a corresponding switching device. The conduction state of the switching device is controlled by the weight W represented by the electrical signal. Take the optical computing multiplication structure for implementing binary multiplication as an example: Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the optical multiplication structure includes two switch devices 15, namely S1 and S2, which can be connected to the Q terminal or Q' terminal of the controller respectively. When the weight W1 is equal to 1 (the voltage is V pi / 2 ), S1 is turned on, S2 is turned off, and the optical modulator 13 corresponding to the S1 switch device 15 is turned on, so that the phase difference between the optical signals transmitted in the two optical waveguides 14 increases by pi / 2 (of course, in addition to the phase, the optical modulator 13 can also be used to adjust the optical parameters such as the wavelength or intensity of the optical signal), and the output power is concentrated to the output end corresponding to S1 in the second multimode interference coupler 12 (i.e. Figure 1After the weight W=(-1), S1 is closed, S2 is connected, and the optical modulator 13 corresponding to the S2 switch device 15 is turned on, so that the phase difference between the optical signals transmitted in the two optical waveguides 14 increases by pi / 2 (correspondingly, in addition to the phase, the optical modulator 13 can also be used to adjust the optical parameters such as the wavelength or intensity of the optical signal), and the output power is concentrated to the output end corresponding to S2 in the second multimode interference coupler 12 (i.e. Figure 1 After the output is received at the Out2 terminal in the optical modulator 13, the Pin*(-1) operation is completed. In other words, a single-bit digital signal can be used to directly control the switch devices 15 corresponding to the two optical modulators 13, thereby performing a multiplication operation of the input optical signal by +1 or -1. It can be seen that the optical computing multiplication structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention can also perform multiplication operations without the need for an AD / DA converter, which helps reduce the structural complexity of the optical computing multiplication structure, improve the energy efficiency of optical computing, and reduce the difficulty of implementing optoelectronic integrated structures.

[0049] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical computing system, which includes the optical computing multiplication structure provided by the first aspect and various implementations thereof.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the second aspect and its various implementations in the embodiments of the present invention can be analyzed with reference to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and its various implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] While the above description does not provide detailed technical details regarding patterning and etching of each layer, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various technical means can be employed to form layers, regions, and the like in desired shapes. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may devise methods that differ from those described above to form the same structure. Furthermore, while each embodiment has been described separately, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be advantageously combined.

[0052] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention. However, these embodiments are merely for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, and such substitutions and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical computing multiplication structure, characterized in that: include: A first multimode interference coupler, a second multimode interference coupler, at least two optical modulators, at least two optical waveguides, and at least two switching devices; The input end of the first multimode interference coupler is used to couple an optical signal; the output end included in the first multimode interference coupler corresponds one-to-one with the output end included in the second multimode interference coupler, and each output end of the first multimode interference coupler is coupled to the corresponding input end of the second multimode interference coupler through the corresponding optical waveguide; the number of output ends of the second multimode interference coupler is equal to the number of input ends; the at least two optical modulators correspond one-to-one with the at least two optical waveguides, each optical modulator is used to modulate the optical signal transmitted in the corresponding optical waveguide, and each optical modulator couples an electrical signal through the corresponding switching device.

2. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical modulator is an optical phase modulator; And / or, at least one of the light modulators is a thermo-optical modulator.

3. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching device is an electrical switch or a transistor.

4. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first multimode interference coupler is a 1×2 multimode interference coupler, and the second multimode interference coupler is a 2×2 multimode interference coupler.

5. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lengths of the different optical waveguides are the same.

6. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of at least one of the optical waveguides is greater than or equal to 5 micrometers and less than or equal to 500 micrometers.

7. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the different optical waveguides is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 1000 microns.

8. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When each of the switch devices is in an off state, the optical powers corresponding to different output ends of the second multi-mode interference coupler are the same.

9. The optical computing multiplication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical signal is a digital signal or an analog signal, and the electrical signal is a digital signal.

10. An optical computing system, characterized in that It comprises the optical computing multiplication structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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