Dark tea fermentation production line and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a dark tea fermentation production line and a control method, and aims to solve the problems of non-uniform drying and difficult temperature and humidity control in existing dark tea production. The production line comprises a feeding machine, a stirring machine, fermentation boxes, a drying device and the like, a circulating conveying belt is arranged between a first fermentation box and the stirring machine, and a second fermentation box is provided with distributing trolleys in groups. The drying device comprises a shell, a screen drum, an air supply assembly, a temperature and humidity adjusting pipeline and the like. The control method comprises the steps of feeding according to the proportion, stirring, fermenting twice, drying and the like. The device has the beneficial effects that the feeding proportion is accurately controlled, and materials are fully mixed; the fermentation temperature and humidity can be accurately regulated and controlled, and treatment can be performed according to fermentation procedures; during drying, the screen drum rotates, air supply is uniform, and the temperature and humidity can be accurately adjusted; the screen drum rotates stably, and power transmission is efficient; the equipment is simple and convenient to operate, can effectively improve the quality and production efficiency of the dark tea, and can effectively reduce carbon emission and realize energy conservation and environmental protection due to cyclic utilization of gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drying equipment technology, and in particular to a black tea fermentation production line and control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the current dark tea production industry, fermentation and drying are crucial steps that play a decisive role in the quality of dark tea. However, existing dark tea production equipment and processes have many problems that urgently need to be solved.

[0003] During the fermentation stage, traditional dark tea fermentation production lines have relatively simple layouts and processes, lacking precise control over the fermentation process. For example, the mixing method of materials is relatively simple, making it difficult to ensure that the mother material and tea leaves are fully and evenly mixed, which directly affects the subsequent fermentation effect. Due to the imprecise control of fermentation temperature and humidity, the requirements for temperature and humidity vary at different stages of fermentation, and the existing equipment cannot be adjusted in real time according to actual needs, making it difficult to achieve the ideal state of fermentation. This results in inconsistent tea quality and poor product consistency and stability.

[0004] In the drying process, many drying devices use conveyor belts to transport tea leaves directly into the drying chamber, where they are dried using hot air before being removed. To ensure more even heating during drying, some devices incorporate baffles to break up accumulated tea leaves on the conveyor belt, reducing their thickness and improving heating conditions to some extent. However, even with these improvements, existing drying devices still have significant shortcomings. From a heating perspective, current devices lack uniform heating, making it prone to localized overheating or over-drying during the drying process. This uneven heating severely damages the internal structure of the tea leaves, leading to nutrient loss and negatively impacting the taste and aroma, thus reducing the overall quality of the dark tea. Furthermore, existing drying equipment generally lacks the ability to precisely monitor and control temperature and humidity during the drying process. Dark tea requires specific temperature and humidity levels at different stages of drying, and these devices cannot adjust these parameters in real time according to the characteristics of dark tea and actual drying needs. This makes it difficult to achieve the ideal state in the drying process, which fails to fully realize the quality potential of dark tea, affects the consistency and stability of the product, and also limits the further development of the dark tea industry.

[0005] Therefore, developing a black tea fermentation production line that can fully mix materials, precisely control the temperature and humidity during the fermentation process, provide uniform heating, and accurately monitor and regulate the temperature and humidity during the drying process is of urgent and important practical significance for improving the quality of black tea, increasing production efficiency, and promoting the sustainable development of the black tea industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the problem of uneven drying and difficulty in controlling temperature and humidity during the drying process.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a black tea fermentation production line, comprising a feeder, a mixer, a mixing conveyor belt, a first fermentation box, a fermentation conveyor belt, a mixing lifting belt, a fermentation feeder, a second fermentation box, a fermentation output belt, and a drying device arranged sequentially along the material direction. A circulating conveyor belt is provided between the first fermentation box and the mixer. The second fermentation boxes are arranged in groups, and a transverse material distribution car and a longitudinal material distribution car are provided between the second fermentation boxes.

[0008] Preferably, the drying device includes a shell and a screen cylinder arranged horizontally within the shell. One end of the shell is connected to an isolation plate that closes that end. A feed trough is installed on the isolation plate, and a feeding belt is installed inside the feed trough. The discharge end of the feed trough is located inside the screen cylinder. An air supply component is horizontally installed at the feed end of the screen cylinder. A partition plate is installed between the screen cylinder and the inner wall of the shell. The partition plates are distributed along the axial direction of the screen cylinder, and a temperature and humidity regulating pipe is installed between two adjacent partition plates.

[0009] Preferably, the air supply assembly includes a mounting groove fixedly installed on the isolation plate, an air supply pipe fixedly installed on the mounting groove, a nozzle connected to the output end of the air supply pipe, the nozzles being horizontally installed and arranged in a vertical direction, and an external air supply pipe connected to the inlet end of the air supply pipe.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the screen cylinder are coaxially fixedly connected to connecting rings, the axial cross-section of the connecting rings is L-shaped, and a support platform is fixedly provided on the inner side of the end wall of the shell. The support platform and the connecting rings are coaxially arranged, and a rolling structure is provided between the support platform and the connecting rings.

[0011] Preferably, the rolling structure includes a support roller disposed on the outer wall of the connecting ring, the rotation axis of the support roller is parallel to the axis of the connecting ring, and the outer wall of the support roller is in contact with the inner wall of the support platform. The support rollers are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the screen cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the screen cylinder is fixedly connected with ribs, the ribs are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the screen cylinder, the ribs are connected with rib rings, the rib rings are distributed along the axial direction of the screen cylinder and are equidistant from the screen cylinder, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a support roller for fixing and supporting the rib rings.

[0013] Preferably, the support roller sidewall is provided with an annular groove in the middle, the rib ring is located in the annular groove, and the opening of the annular groove is provided with a conical surface that matches the inclined surface on the outer side of the rib ring endwall.

[0014] Preferably, a driven gear ring is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the screen cylinder, a drive gear that meshes with the driven gear ring is horizontally rotatably installed at the bottom of the housing, and a drive motor that drives the drive gear to rotate is also installed at the bottom of the housing.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature and humidity regulating pipe includes a drying pipe and an air intake pipe fixed to the bottom and top of the housing, respectively. An external gas circulation pipe is connected between the drying pipe and the air intake pipe, and a heater and a dehumidifier are installed in the gas circulation pipe.

[0016] A method for controlling a dark tea fermentation production line includes the following steps: Step 1: First, manually put the tea leaves into the lifting hopper of the feeding machine, and then put the master material into the metering hopper of the feeding machine. Control the feeding ratio of master material and tea leaves in the feeding machine. Put the master material and tea leaves into the conveyor belt of the feeding machine according to the ratio, and then transport the master material and tea leaves into the mixing machine through the conveyor belt. Step 2: The mixing machine outputs tea leaves through the mixing conveyor belt, which then transports the tea leaves to the material distribution cart at the top of the first fermentation tank. The material distribution cart moves along the length of the first fermentation tank and simultaneously feeds the tea leaves, spreading the material evenly in the first fermentation tank for initial fermentation. Step 3: Control the hot and cold water intake of the heating jacket on both sides of the first fermentation box, adjust the temperature inside the first fermentation box, promote the primary fermentation of tea leaves, and after the primary fermentation, output the tea leaves to the mixing machine through the fermentation conveyor belt. Step 4: Staff inspect the materials on the fermentation conveyor belt and control the flow direction of the batch of tea according to the fermentation status. S5.1 If the tea leaves are not fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine, they are transported back to the first fermentation tank by the mixing conveyor belt for secondary fermentation, and then transported back to the mixing machine and output to the mixing lifting belt by the mixing conveyor belt. S5.2 When the tea leaves are fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine, they are conveyed to the mixing lifting belt by the mixing conveyor belt; Step 6: The tea leaves that have completed the initial fermentation are transported to the horizontal spreading car by the mixing and lifting belt. The horizontal spreading car is controlled to move perpendicular to the length of the second fermentation box. The unloading end of the horizontal spreading car is moved above the corresponding vertical spreading car to transport the tea leaves onto the vertical spreading car. The vertical spreading car moves along the length of the second fermentation box to spread the tea leaves evenly inside the second fermentation box. Step 7: Using the control method of Step 6, evenly spread the tea leaves in the four second fermentation boxes, control the side wall temperature of the second fermentation boxes, and carry out secondary fermentation of the tea leaves. Control the internal humidity during the fermentation process. Step 8: Control the chain plate at the bottom of the second fermentation box to rotate, and transport the fermented tea to the fermentation output belt. The fermentation output belt will then transport the tea to the drying device. The drying device will dry the tea to the predetermined effect and then send it out, thus completing the tea fermentation.

[0017] This invention provides a black tea fermentation production line, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0018] 1. The black tea fermentation production line of the present invention precisely controls the feeding ratio of mother material and tea leaves through a feeding machine and conveys them to the mixing machine. During the rotation of the mixing machine, bacterial liquid is sprayed into the mixing cylinder through a bacterial liquid atomizing nozzle, so that the bacterial liquid fully soaks the tea leaves, ensuring that the mother material, tea leaves and bacterial liquid are fully mixed, providing a good foundation for subsequent fermentation, which is conducive to improving the fermentation effect and tea quality.

[0019] 2. The first fermentation chamber is equipped with heating jackets on both sides, allowing for temperature adjustment by controlling the inflow of hot and cold water. This meets the different temperature requirements of the tea leaves during the initial fermentation, promoting the initial fermentation process. The second fermentation chamber also allows for temperature control of the side walls, enabling a secondary fermentation of the tea leaves. This ensures the entire fermentation process takes place in a suitable temperature environment, improving the success rate of fermentation and the stability of tea quality.

[0020] 3. Staff can control the flow direction of the tea batch based on its fermentation progress. If fermentation is insufficient, the tea can be stirred again and returned to the first fermentation tank for secondary fermentation; if fermentation is sufficient, it can be directly conveyed to the next stage. This flexible handling method better ensures that each batch of tea achieves the ideal fermentation effect, improving product consistency.

[0021] 4. The drying device features a horizontally rotating sieve cylinder. During the drying process, the sieve cylinder continuously rotates, causing the raw materials of the green brick tea to tumble within it, effectively preventing localized overheating or overdrying. Simultaneously, the air supply component's nozzles are horizontally installed and arranged vertically, delivering air to the raw materials within the sieve cylinder from multiple angles, further ensuring uniform heating. This also promotes axial movement of the tea leaves, reducing damage to the internal structure and nutrients caused by uneven drying, thereby enhancing the taste and aroma of the green brick tea and ensuring product quality.

[0022] 5. The drying device includes temperature and humidity control pipes, such as drying pipes, suction pipes, and external gas circulation pipes connecting them. The gas circulation pipes are equipped with heaters and dehumidifiers. This allows for precise control of the temperature and humidity of the drying environment during the drying process, based on the characteristics of the green brick tea at different stages and the actual drying requirements. Real-time adjustment of temperature and humidity parameters ensures the drying process reaches ideal conditions, fully realizing the quality potential of the green brick tea, improving product consistency and stability, and benefiting the development of the green brick tea industry.

[0023] 6. The connecting rings at both ends of the screen cylinder engage with the support platform on the inner side of the shell end wall via a rolling structure. The support rollers are evenly distributed around the screen cylinder axis, and their outer walls fit snugly against the inner walls of the support platforms, ensuring the stability of the screen cylinder during rotation and reducing swaying and offset. The ribs and rib rings on the outer wall of the screen cylinder cooperate with the support rollers at the bottom of the shell, further enhancing the stability of the screen cylinder during rotation. Furthermore, the annular grooves on the side walls of the support rollers match the rib rings, making the screen cylinder rotate more smoothly, reducing noise and wear during equipment operation, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] 7. The driven gear ring on the side wall of the screen cylinder meshes with the driving gear at the bottom of the housing. The driving gear is driven by a drive motor to rotate. This power transmission method is simple and efficient, and can stably drive the screen cylinder to rotate. At the same time, the overall structure of the equipment is reasonably designed, and the operation is relatively simple, reducing the difficulty and labor intensity of operators, improving production efficiency, and reducing carbon emissions.

[0025] 8. The gas circulation system of the temperature and humidity control pipeline enables the recycling of drying gas, reducing energy waste and improving energy efficiency. While ensuring drying effect, it reduces production costs, which is in line with the development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of region A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Feeding belt; 2. Housing; 3. Feed chute; 4. Isolation plate; 5. Mounting groove; 6. Air supply pipe; 7. Nozzle; 8. Screen cylinder; 9. Rib; 10. Connecting ring; 11. Support platform; 12. Support roller; 13. Rib ring; 14. Support roller; 15. Suction pipe; 16. Drying pipe; 17. Driven gear ring; 18. Drive gear; 19. Drive motor; 20. Separator plate.

[0030] 101. Feeding machine; 102. Mixing machine; 103. Mixing conveyor belt; 104. First fermentation box; 105. Fermentation conveyor belt; 106. Mixing lifting belt; 107. Fermentation feeding machine; 108. Transverse material distribution vehicle; 109. Second fermentation box; 110. Longitudinal material distribution vehicle; 111. Fermentation output belt; 112. Drying device. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a black tea fermentation production line, including a feeder 101, a mixer 102, a mixing conveyor belt 103, a first fermentation box 104, a fermentation conveyor belt 105, a mixing lifting belt 106, a fermentation feeder 107, a second fermentation box 109, a fermentation output belt 111, and a drying device 112 arranged sequentially along the material direction. A circulating conveyor belt is provided between the first fermentation box 104 and the mixer 102. The second fermentation boxes 109 are arranged in groups, and a transverse material distribution vehicle 108 and a longitudinal material distribution vehicle 109 are arranged between the second fermentation boxes 109.

[0032] The feeding machine 101 includes a feeding and equalizing elevator, a masterbatch metering device, and a feeding platform. The feeding and equalizing elevator and the masterbatch metering device are arranged on the feeding platform. When feeding tea, the tea is placed in the lifting hopper of the feeding and equalizing elevator, and the tea is fed out by the feeding and equalizing elevator. The masterbatch is placed in the masterbatch metering device, which adopts an existing weighing hopper. The masterbatch is fed out after weighing the masterbatch inside. Both the tea and the masterbatch are fed onto the conveyor belt on the feeding platform, and then conveyed to the mixing machine 1. Inside the mixer 102, a horizontally rotating mixing drum is installed to stir the tea leaves and mother material and spray bacterial solution. The mixing conveyor belt 103 connected to the discharge end of the mixer 102 is a bidirectional conveyor belt. One end of the bidirectional conveyor belt 103 is connected to the first fermentation box 104, and the other end is connected to the mixing lifting belt 106. The tea leaves and mother material are first transported to the first fermentation box 104 for preliminary fermentation. Then, depending on the preliminary fermentation, it is selected whether to supplement the fermentation or directly transport it to the second fermentation box 109 for secondary fermentation.

[0033] The second fermentation tank 109 is equipped with four fermentation tanks, which are arranged in pairs side by side. A longitudinal feeding carriage 110 is set between two fermentation tanks in the same row. A bidirectional belt is installed on the longitudinal feeding carriage 110. A transverse feeding carriage 108 is set between two fermentation tanks in the same row. The transverse feeding carriage 108 is used to feed materials to the two longitudinal feeding carriages 110 respectively. The longitudinal feeding carriages 110 select and feed materials between fermentation tanks in the same row by means of the steering control of the bidirectional belt and the movement between the two fermentation tanks.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. The drying device 112 includes a housing 2 and a screen cylinder 8 arranged horizontally and rotatably inside the housing 2. One end of the housing 2 is connected to a partition plate 4 that closes that end. A feed pipe 3 is installed on the partition plate 4. A feeding belt 1 is installed inside the feed pipe 3. The discharge end of the feed trough 3 is located inside the screen cylinder 8. An air supply component is horizontally arranged at the feed end of the screen cylinder 8. A partition plate 20 is provided between the screen cylinder 8 and the inner wall of the housing 2. The partition plates 20 are distributed along the axial direction of the screen cylinder 8, and a temperature and humidity regulating pipe is provided between two adjacent partition plates 20.

[0035] The feeding end of the housing 2 is sealed by the partition plate 4. The unloading end of the feeding belt 1 is located inside the feeding trough 3, which is fixed on the partition plate 4. The feeding belt 1 transports the tea leaves into the feeding trough 3. The tea leaves slide down from the feeding trough 3 and enter the interior of the sieve cylinder 8. Then, the tea leaves move along the axial direction of the sieve cylinder 8. The space between the sieve cylinder 8 and the housing 2 is separated by the partition plate 20. Temperature and humidity regulating pipes are independently installed in each partition space. According to the drying requirements of the tea leaves, the temperature and humidity regulating pipes in each partition space are independently set to dry the tea leaves in different sections accordingly. While the tea leaves move along the axis of the sieve cylinder 8 under the blowing force of the air supply component, after multi-stage drying, they are removed from the unloading end of the sieve cylinder 8. The end of the housing 2 corresponding to the unloading end of the sieve cylinder 8 is connected to a collection hopper (not shown in the figure), which can collect the tea leaves and transport them to the conveyor belt for the next output.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown. The air supply assembly includes a mounting groove 5 fixedly installed on the isolation plate 4, an air supply pipe 6 fixedly installed on the mounting groove 5, a nozzle 7 connected to the output end of the air supply pipe 6, the nozzle 7 being horizontally installed and arranged in a vertical direction, and an external air supply pipe connected to the air supply end of the air supply pipe 6.

[0037] To ensure the stability of the sieve cylinder 8 during operation, it is arranged in a horizontally rotating manner. Under these conditions, it is necessary to ensure that the tea leaves entering the sieve cylinder 8 move evenly along its axial direction. Therefore, an air supply pipe 6 is installed on the partition plate 4 to provide axial airflow inside the sieve cylinder 8, thus propelling the tea leaves within. To increase the effective area of ​​the axial airflow, a nozzle 7 is connected to the output end of the air supply pipe 6. The nozzle 7 disperses the airflow within the air supply pipe 6, further propelling the tea leaves within the sieve cylinder 8 in an axial direction. Air supply to the sieve cylinder 8 also reduces excessive internal humidity caused by drying, thereby improving drying efficiency.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to further improve the stability of the rotation of the screen cylinder 8, connecting rings 10 are coaxially fixedly connected to both ends of the screen cylinder 8. The axial cross-section of the connecting rings 10 is L-shaped. A support platform 11 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the end wall of the housing 2. The support platform 11 is coaxially arranged with the connecting rings 10, and a rolling structure is provided between the support platform 11 and the connecting rings 10. By coaxially fixing the connecting rings 10 to both ends of the screen cylinder 8, the connecting rings 10 can improve the strength of the end of the screen cylinder 8, ensure that the screen cylinder 8 is stably supported, and ensure the horizontal rotation of the screen cylinder 8; moreover, the support form of the rolling structure reduces friction, making the rotation of the cylinder 8 smoother.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, to ensure smoother rotation of the screen cylinder 8, the rolling structure includes support rollers 12 disposed on the outer wall of the connecting ring 10. The rotation axis of the support rollers 12 is parallel to the axis of the connecting ring 10, and the outer wall of the support rollers 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the support platform 11. The support rollers 12 are evenly distributed around the axis of the screen cylinder 8. The support platform 11 structure can provide comprehensive support and limit the screen cylinder 8, ensuring the horizontal rotation of the screen cylinder 8. The support rollers 12 replace sliding friction with rolling friction, reducing wear during the rotation of the screen cylinder 8.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, to improve the structural strength of the sieve cylinder 8, ribs 9 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sieve cylinder 8. The ribs 9 are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the sieve cylinder 8, and rib rings 13 are connected to the ribs 9. The rib rings 13 are distributed along the axial direction of the sieve cylinder 8 and are equidistant from the sieve cylinder 8. A support roller 14 is provided at the bottom of the inner shell 2 to fix and support the rib rings 13. The main body of the sieve cylinder 8 has a cylindrical structure, and a filter screen is provided on the outer wall to prevent tea leaves from leaking off the sieve cylinder 8. When the amount of tea leaves is large, the structural strength of the sieve cylinder 8 is improved by setting the axial ribs 9 and the rib rings 13 connecting the ribs. Moreover, by setting the support roller 14 to cooperate with the rib rings 13, multiple parts of the sieve cylinder 8 are supported, further improving the stability of the sieve cylinder 8.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, to achieve axial positioning of the screen cylinder 8, an annular groove is provided in the middle of the side wall of the support roller 14, and the rib ring 13 is located in the annular groove. The opening of the annular groove has a conical surface that matches the inclined surface on the outer side of the end wall of the rib ring 13. Through the cooperation between the annular groove on the support roller 14 and the rib ring 13, the screen cylinder 8 is axially positioned, preventing axial sliding of the screen cylinder 8.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, to achieve horizontal rotation of the screen cylinder 8, a driven gear ring 17 is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the screen cylinder 8. A driving gear 18, meshing with the driven gear ring 17, is horizontally rotatably mounted at the bottom of the housing 2. A drive motor 19, which drives the drive gear 18, is also installed at the bottom of the housing 2. By using a driven gear ring 17 composed of multiple segments of a rack and pinion mechanism, the driven gear ring 17 is coaxially fixed to the outer side wall of the screen cylinder 8. The drive motor 19 drives the drive gear 18 to rotate, and the drive gear 18 drives the driven gear ring 17, which meshes with it, to rotate, thus achieving horizontal rotation of the screen cylinder 8.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, to achieve different temperatures for drying tea leaves in different states, the temperature and humidity regulating pipeline includes a drying pipe 16 and an air intake pipe 15 fixed to the bottom and top of the inner shell 2, respectively. An external gas circulation pipeline connects the drying pipe 16 and the air intake pipe 15, and a heater and dehumidifier are installed inside the gas circulation pipeline. Four sets of drying pipes 16 and air intake pipes 15 are arranged inside the shell 2. The drying pipes 16 are located at the bottom of the shell 2 and are used to output high-temperature dry air upwards to dry the tea leaves. Simultaneously, the rotating sieve cylinder 8 blows the tea leaves upwards for uniform drying. The air intake pipes 15 recover the high-temperature dry air output from the drying pipes 16, while simultaneously reducing the humidity inside the shell 2. The recovered gas is dried and heated before being output through the gas circulation pipeline for reuse. Along the flow direction of the tea leaves inside the sieve cylinder 8, the drying power of each set of drying pipes 16 and air intake pipes 15 decreases.

[0044] A method for controlling a dark tea fermentation production line includes the following steps: Step 1: First, manually feed the tea leaves into the lifting hopper of the feeder 101, then feed the masterbatch into the metering hopper of the feeder 101, control the feeding ratio of masterbatch and tea leaves in the feeder 101, and feed the masterbatch and tea leaves onto the conveyor belt of the feeder 101 according to the ratio, and then transport the masterbatch and tea leaves to the mixing machine 102 through the conveyor belt. Step 2: Start the mixing machine 102 and control the mixing drum inside the mixing machine 102 to rotate. During the rotation, the bacterial liquid is sprayed into the mixing drum through the bacterial liquid atomizing nozzle, and the bacterial liquid is fully soaked into the tea leaves to facilitate the later fermentation. Step 3: The mixing machine 102 outputs tea leaves through the mixing conveyor belt 103. The mixing conveyor belt 103 transports the tea leaves to the material distribution trolley on top of the first fermentation box 104. The material distribution trolley moves along the length of the first fermentation box 104 and feeds the tea leaves simultaneously, spreading the material evenly in the first fermentation box 104 for initial fermentation. Step 4: Control the hot and cold water intake of the heating jacket on both sides of the first fermentation box 104, adjust the temperature inside the first fermentation box 104, promote the primary fermentation of tea leaves, and after the primary fermentation, output the tea leaves to the mixing machine 102 through the fermentation conveyor belt 105. Step 5: Staff inspect the materials on the fermentation conveyor belt 105 and control the flow direction of the batch of tea according to the fermentation status of the tea. S5.1 If the tea leaves are not fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine 102, they are conveyed again to the first fermentation box 104 by the mixing conveyor belt 103 for secondary fermentation, and then conveyed back to the mixing machine 102 and output to the mixing lifting belt 106 by the mixing conveyor belt 103. S5.2 When the tea leaves are fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine 102, they are conveyed to the mixing lifting belt 106 by the mixing conveyor belt 103. Step 6: The tea leaves that have completed the initial fermentation are transported to the transverse spreading cart 108 by the mixing and lifting belt 106. The transverse spreading cart 108 is controlled to move perpendicular to the length direction of the second fermentation box 109. The unloading end of the transverse spreading cart 108 is moved above the corresponding longitudinal spreading cart 110, and the tea leaves are transported to the longitudinal spreading cart 110. The longitudinal spreading cart 110 moves along the length direction of the second fermentation box 109 and spreads the tea leaves flat inside the second fermentation box 109. Step 7: Using the control method of Step 6, evenly spread the tea leaves in the four second fermentation boxes 109, control the side wall temperature of the second fermentation box 109, and carry out secondary fermentation of the tea leaves. Control the internal humidity during the fermentation process. Step 8: Control the chain plate at the bottom of the second fermentation box 109 to rotate, and transport the fermented tea to the fermentation output belt 111. The fermentation output belt 111 transports the tea to the drying device 112. The drying device 112 dries the tea to the predetermined effect and then sends it out, thus completing the fermentation of the tea.

Claims

1. A black tea fermentation production line, characterized in that: The system includes a feeder (101), a mixer (102), a mixing conveyor belt (103), a first fermentation box (104), a fermentation conveyor belt (105), a mixing lifting belt (106), a fermentation feeder (107), a second fermentation box (109), a fermentation output belt (111), and a drying device (112) arranged sequentially along the material direction. A circulating conveyor belt is provided between the first fermentation box (104) and the mixer (102). The second fermentation boxes (109) are arranged in groups, and a transverse material distribution vehicle (108) and a longitudinal material distribution vehicle (109) are provided between the second fermentation boxes (109).

2. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drying device (112) includes a housing (2) and a screen cylinder (8) arranged horizontally inside the housing (2). One end of the housing (2) is connected to an isolation plate (4) that closes the end. A feed trough (3) is installed on the isolation plate (4). A feeding belt (1) is provided inside the feed trough (3). The feeding end of the feed trough (3) is located inside the screen cylinder (8). An air supply component is horizontally provided at the feeding end of the screen cylinder (8). A partition plate (20) is provided between the screen cylinder (8) and the inner wall of the housing (2). The partition plates (20) are distributed along the axial direction of the screen cylinder (8), and a temperature and humidity regulating pipe is provided between two adjacent partition plates (20).

3. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes a mounting groove (5) fixedly installed on the isolation plate (4), an air supply pipe (6) fixedly installed on the mounting groove (5), a nozzle (7) connected to the output end of the air supply pipe (6), the nozzle (7) being installed horizontally and arranged in a vertical direction, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe (6) being connected to an external air supply pipe.

4. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the screen cylinder (8) are coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting ring (10). The axial cross-section of the connecting ring (10) is L-shaped. A support platform (11) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the end wall of the shell (2). The support platform (11) and the connecting ring (10) are coaxially arranged, and a rolling structure is provided between the support platform (11) and the connecting ring (10).

5. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling structure includes a support roller (12) disposed on the outer side wall of the connecting ring (10). The rotation axis of the support roller (12) is parallel to the axis of the connecting ring (10), and the outer side wall of the support roller (12) is in contact with the inner side wall of the support platform (11). The support roller (12) is distributed at equal angles around the axis of the screen cylinder (8).

6. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the screen cylinder (8) is fixedly connected with ribs (9), the ribs (9) are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the screen cylinder (8), and rib rings (13) are connected to the ribs (9). The rib rings (13) are distributed along the axial direction of the screen cylinder (8), and the rib rings (13) are distributed at equal distances from the screen cylinder (8). A support roller (14) for fixing and supporting the rib rings (13) is provided at the bottom of the inner shell (2).

7. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The support roller (14) has an annular groove in the middle of its side wall. The rib ring (13) is located in the annular groove, and the opening of the annular groove has a conical surface that matches the inclined surface on the outer side of the end wall of the rib ring (13).

8. A black tea fermentation production line as described in any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that: A driven gear ring (17) is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the screen cylinder (8). A drive gear (18) that meshes with the driven gear ring (17) is horizontally rotatably installed at the bottom of the housing (2). A drive motor (19) that drives the drive gear (18) to rotate is also installed at the bottom of the housing (2).

9. The black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity regulating pipe includes a drying pipe (16) and an air intake pipe (15) fixed to the bottom and top of the housing (2) respectively. An external gas circulation pipe is connected between the drying pipe (16) and the air intake pipe (15). A heater and a dehumidifier are installed in the gas circulation pipe.

10. The control method for a black tea fermentation production line as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, manually put the tea leaves into the lifting hopper of the feeder (101), then put the master material into the metering hopper of the feeder (101), control the feeding ratio of master material and tea leaves in the feeder (101), and feed the master material and tea leaves onto the conveyor belt of the feeder (101) according to the ratio, and transport the master material and tea leaves to the mixing machine (102) through the conveyor belt; Step 2: Start the mixing machine (102), control the mixing drum inside the mixing machine (102) to rotate, and spray the bacterial liquid into the mixing drum through the bacterial liquid atomizing nozzle during the rotation, so that the bacterial liquid can fully soak the tea leaves to facilitate the later fermentation. Step 3: The mixing machine (102) outputs tea leaves through the mixing conveyor belt (103). The mixing conveyor belt (103) transports the tea leaves to the material distribution car on the top of the first fermentation box (104). The material distribution car moves along the length of the first fermentation box (104) and feeds the material simultaneously, spreading the material evenly in the first fermentation box (104) for initial fermentation. Step 4: Control the hot and cold water intake of the heating jacket on both sides of the first fermentation box (104), adjust the temperature inside the first fermentation box (104), promote the primary fermentation of tea leaves, and after the primary fermentation, output the tea leaves to the mixing machine (102) through the fermentation conveyor belt (105). Step 5: The staff inspects the materials on the conveyor belt (105) and controls the flow direction of the batch of tea according to the fermentation status of the tea. S5.1 If the tea leaves are not fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine (102), they are transported again to the first fermentation box (104) by the mixing conveyor belt (103) for further fermentation, and then transported back to the mixing machine (102) and output to the mixing lifting belt (106) by the mixing conveyor belt (103). S5.2 When the tea leaves are fully fermented, after the tea leaves are stirred again by the mixing machine (102), they are conveyed to the mixing lifting belt (106) by the mixing conveyor belt (103). Step 6: The tea leaves that have completed the initial fermentation are transported to the transverse spreading cart (108) by the mixing and lifting belt (106). The transverse spreading cart (108) is controlled to move perpendicular to the length direction of the second fermentation box (109). The unloading end of the transverse spreading cart (108) is moved above the corresponding longitudinal spreading cart (110). The tea leaves are transported to the longitudinal spreading cart (110). The longitudinal spreading cart (110) moves along the length direction of the second fermentation box (109) and spreads the tea leaves flat in the second fermentation box (109). Step 7: Using the control method of Step 6, spread the tea leaves evenly in the four second fermentation boxes (109), control the side wall temperature of the second fermentation box (109), and carry out secondary fermentation of the tea leaves. Control the internal humidity during the fermentation process. Step 8: Control the chain plate at the bottom of the second fermentation box (109) to rotate, and transport the fermented tea to the fermentation output belt (111). The fermentation output belt (111) transports the tea to the drying device (112). The drying device (112) dries the tea and outputs it, thus completing the fermentation of the tea.

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