Pipeline installation construction method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline construction, in particular to a pipeline installation construction method based on a BIM technology. Comprising the following steps: S1, deepened design and model construction based on BIM: establishing a three-dimensional building information model, modeling an electromechanical pipeline system, and performing collision detection and scheme optimization; s2, factory prefabrication and component and accessory machining, wherein masonry preprocessing and numbering, embedded component and accessory manufacturing and quality detection and identification are included; s3, synchronous construction and pipeline installation on a construction site: firstly, brickwork brick arrangement and positioning pay-off are carried out, then, electromechanical pipeline penetrating installation and fixation are carried out, then, crack pouring treatment and node sealing are carried out, and finally, construction quality dynamic monitoring is carried out; and S4, system debugging and project acceptance: after pipeline installation is completed, performing functional test on the electromechanical system, and after the test, completing delivery of the BIM as-built model. Through BIM accurate reserving and pre-burying, later grooving damage of the wall is avoided, the cracking and leakage risks are reduced, and the method is mainly applied to the aspect of pipeline installation construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipeline construction technology, and more specifically, to a pipeline installation construction method based on BIM technology. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional building construction, the installation of masonry walls and electromechanical pipelines is usually carried out in stages: the walls are built first, and then the pipelines are laid later by manually cutting grooves. This construction method has many drawbacks: First, the grooving process can easily damage the structural integrity of the wall, leading to increased risks of wall cracking and leakage; second, the efficiency of process connection is low, requiring multiple operations for grooving, pipeline installation, and grooving repair, thus extending the construction period; third, the accuracy of manual positioning is insufficient, easily resulting in problems such as pipeline collisions and non-compliance with spacing standards. For lightweight walls such as autoclaved aerated concrete masonry, traditional grooving construction may also lead to greater difficulty in subsequent maintenance due to the lower strength of the wall. With the promotion of building industrialization and green construction concepts, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient process that can achieve wall grooving-free construction and simultaneous construction of electromechanical pipelines and masonry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a BIM-based pipeline installation method. This method uses BIM for precise pre-reservation and embedding, avoiding later wall trenching damage, reducing the risk of cracking and leakage, and improving the strength retention rate of autoclaved aerated concrete walls.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A BIM-based pipeline installation construction method includes the following steps: S1. BIM-based detailed design and model building: establishing a 3D building information model, modeling of electromechanical pipeline systems, and collision detection and scheme optimization; S2. Factory prefabrication and component processing: including masonry prefabrication and numbering, fabrication of embedded components, and quality inspection and labeling; S3. Simultaneous construction and pipeline installation on the construction site: First, lay out the masonry bricks and position the lines, then install and fix the electromechanical pipelines, then perform grouting and joint sealing, and finally conduct dynamic monitoring of construction quality. S4. System Debugging and Project Acceptance: After completing the pipeline installation, perform functional testing of the electromechanical system, and deliver the BIM as-built model after the test.

[0005] In step S1, the establishment of a three-dimensional building information model is specifically achieved by using Revit or Tekla software to create a main building structure model that includes autoclaved aerated concrete masonry walls and prefabricated lightweight partition walls according to the architectural design drawings. The accuracy reaches LOD400, and the model fully labels the wall dimensions, material properties, door and window opening locations and elevations.

[0006] In step S1, the electromechanical pipeline system modeling involves performing three-dimensional modeling of the electrical, water supply and drainage, ventilation and air conditioning electromechanical pipeline systems, including pipeline routing, pipe diameter, junction boxes, distribution boxes, and bushing components. Collision detection and scheme optimization utilize the collision detection function of BIM software to perform collaborative verification of the masonry model and the MEP pipeline model, checking for positional conflicts between pipelines and wall structural columns, ring beams, and door and window lintels; adjusting pipeline routing and optimizing wall layout for collision points; and generating BIM detailed drawings containing pipeline pre-embedded positioning information, including masonry brick layout drawings and pipeline layout drawings.

[0007] In step S2, the prefabrication and numbering of masonry are carried out according to the BIM brick layout drawing. The autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are precisely cut at the prefabrication plant, and the processing size error is controlled within ±2mm. A laser marking machine is used to mark a unique number on the surface of each block, and the position of the reserved hole is marked at the same time.

[0008] In step S2, the fabrication of embedded components includes junction boxes and enclosure embedded modules: ABS engineering plastic prefabricated integrated embedded boxes are used, with built-in junction boxes and distribution box enclosures. The positioning coordinates of the embedded boxes are determined through BIM models, and positioning tenons are set on the surface of the box to precisely match the reserved grooves of the masonry blocks. For drainage pipes and air ducts that pass through walls, steel sleeves or shaped molds are used for prefabrication and embedding. The sleeve length is 20mm longer than the wall thickness, and water-stop rings are set at both ends.

[0009] In step S2, quality inspection and labeling are carried out by performing three-dimensional scanning on the prefabricated blocks and embedded components, and verifying them by comparing with the BIM model to ensure that the position deviation of the reserved hole is ≤5mm and the elevation error of the embedded box is ≤10mm; qualified products are affixed with RFID tags and their positioning information and material specification data are entered.

[0010] In step S3, the bricklaying and positioning are carried out on the construction site using a BIM+GPS positioning system. The wall axis and elevation control lines are marked on the main structure. The bricklaying is carried out brick by brick from the end of the wall according to the BIM bricklaying drawing. The thickness of the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the bricks is controlled at 3-5mm. The RFID tags of the bricks are read by a barcode scanner to verify the number and position, and to ensure that the reserved hole direction is correct. The installation and fixing of electromechanical pipelines includes: electrical conduit installation: inserting Φ20 galvanized electrical conduits through the reserved holes in the masonry blocks, connecting both ends to the pre-embedded junction boxes with locknuts, maintaining a pipeline spacing of ≥20mm, and fixing them to the wall surface with U-shaped clips; water supply and drainage pipe installation: when DN50 polypropylene drainage pipes pass through the wall, filling the sleeve with flexible sealing material, sealing both ends with waterproof sealant, and controlling the slope to 2‰-5‰; distribution box / enclosure installation: embedding prefabricated distribution box modules into the reserved grooves in the wall, fixing them to the wall with expansion bolts, ensuring the enclosure is flush with the wall surface with an error of ≤2mm.

[0011] In step S3, the specific operation of the grouting treatment and node is as follows: after the sealing pipeline is installed, the gap between the reserved hole and the pipeline is filled with C20 micro-expansion fine stone concrete, which is poured in two stages to ensure that the filling is dense; for the joint of the prefabricated partition wall panel, elastic sealant is used for waterproofing to prevent water vapor from seeping into the wall. The specific operation of dynamic monitoring of construction quality involves using mobile terminals to retrieve BIM models in real time, comparing the on-site construction progress with the reserved and embedded locations, and making timely adjustments when deviations are found; checking hidden works such as pipeline grounding connections and waterproofing nodes of sleeves, and linking the detection data through QR codes to form a traceable archive of construction quality.

[0012] In step S4, the electromechanical system functional test is performed: after the pipeline installation is completed, the electrical circuit continuity test, water pipe pressure test, and ventilation system air volume test are carried out to ensure that each system is operating normally. BIM as-built model delivery synchronizes on-site construction change information to the BIM model, generating an as-built model that includes the actual location of pipelines and component parameters, serving as a digital archive for later operation and maintenance management; 3D scanning technology is used to conduct overall acceptance of wall surface flatness and pipeline elevation, and the data is uploaded to the building operation and maintenance management platform.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through LOD400 level high-precision modeling and collision detection, conflicts between pipelines and structural components are resolved in advance, optimizing pipeline routing and wall layout, and avoiding construction rework from the design stage. The generated detailed drawings are marked with precise annotations down to the number of each block, the location of reserved holes, pipeline elevation, and bracket positions, ensuring accurate construction; blocks are cut according to the BIM bricklaying drawings, and laser-marked with unique numbers and reserved hole positions. Embedded components are prefabricated according to BIM coordinates, with built-in positioning tenons / waterstop rings. 3D scanning and comparison with the BIM model ensures the quality of prefabricated components, and RFID tags are affixed to bind information. During the detailed design phase, brick layout drawings and embedded part coordinates that can directly guide factory prefabrication are output, enabling factory prefabrication and on-site preparation to proceed simultaneously. Collisions are resolved in advance, and prefabrication of reserved holes and embedded parts is precise, significantly reducing time-consuming processes such as on-site cutting, chiseling, and adjustment, and avoiding work stoppages due to design conflicts. Through BIM-based deep collaborative design optimization, precise factory prefabrication and coding, precise on-site assembly and dynamic monitoring, standardized and reliable node processing, and full-process digital traceability, a comprehensive improvement in the accuracy, efficiency, quality, cost control, and post-operation and maintenance value of pipeline installation is achieved. This effectively overcomes the drawbacks of traditional on-site cutting and grooving, such as easy errors, numerous pipeline conflicts, difficulty in guaranteeing quality, low efficiency, large material waste, and inconsistent information. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0016] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a BIM-based pipeline installation construction method includes the following steps: Step S1, BIM-based detailed design and model building: Establish a 3D building information model, model the MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) system, and perform clash detection and scheme optimization; the 3D building information model is specifically established using Revit or Tekla software, according to the architectural design drawings, to create a main building structure model including autoclaved aerated concrete masonry walls / prefabricated lightweight partition walls, with an accuracy of LOD400; the model must fully annotate the wall dimensions and material properties, such as the block specifications of 600mm×200mm×200mm, and the location and elevation of door and window openings; The electromechanical pipeline system modeling involves creating 3D models of the electrical, water supply and drainage, and ventilation and air conditioning pipeline systems, including pipeline routing and diameter, such as DN20 electrical conduits, DN50 drainage pipes, junction boxes, distribution boxes, and conduit components. Pipeline modeling must comply with the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Electrical Engineering" GB50303 standard to ensure pipeline spacing, such as a spacing of ≥300mm between strong and weak current pipelines and a bending radius of ≥6 times the pipe diameter, meeting the requirements. Collision detection and scheme optimization utilize the collision detection function of BIM software to perform collaborative verification between the masonry model and the MEP pipeline model, focusing on checking for positional conflicts between pipelines and wall structural columns, ring beams, and door and window lintels; for collision points, adjust the pipeline routing or optimize the wall layout, for example, by passing pipelines through the gaps between masonry blocks to avoid passing through solid areas of the wall; after optimization, generate BIM detailed drawings containing pipeline pre-embedded positioning information, including masonry brick layout drawings, marking each masonry block number, reserved hole location, pipeline layout drawings, marking pipeline elevation, and bracket location; Step S2, Factory Prefabrication and Component Processing: This includes prefabrication and numbering of masonry, fabrication of embedded components, and quality inspection and marking; Masonry prefabrication and numbering: Based on the BIM brick layout drawing, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are precisely cut in the prefabrication plant, with the processing size error controlled within ±2mm; A laser marking machine is used to mark a unique number on the surface of each block, such as "Q-1-01" indicating the first block of the first wall on the first floor, and the position of the reserved hole is marked at the same time. The hole diameter is 10mm larger than the outer diameter of the pipeline, such as a DN20 pipeline corresponding to a 30mm hole diameter; The fabrication of embedded components includes: Junction box and enclosure pre-embedded module: ABS engineering plastic prefabricated integrated pre-embedded box, with built-in junction box and distribution box enclosure. The positioning coordinates of the pre-embedded box are determined by BIM model, such as the bottom edge being 300mm from the ground. Positioning tenons are set on the surface of the box to precisely match the reserved groove of the block. Prefabrication of sleeves and reserved holes: For drainage pipes and air ducts that pass through walls, steel sleeves or shaped molds are used for prefabrication and embedding. The length of the sleeve is 20mm longer than the wall thickness, and water-stop rings are set at both ends with a thickness of 5mm and a width of 50mm. Quality inspection and labeling: 3D scanning of precast blocks and embedded components is performed, and BIM model comparison is used to verify that the position deviation of reserved holes is ≤5mm and the elevation error of embedded boxes is ≤10mm; qualified products are affixed with RFID tags and their positioning information and material specifications are entered. Step S3: Simultaneous Construction and Pipeline Installation on-site: First, masonry bricklaying and positioning are carried out, followed by the installation and fixing of electromechanical pipelines, then grouting and joint sealing, and finally dynamic monitoring of construction quality. For masonry bricklaying and positioning, a BIM+GPS positioning system is used on-site to mark wall axis lines and elevation control lines on the main structure with an accuracy of ±3mm. Following the BIM bricklaying diagram, bricks are laid one by one from the wall end, using a special adhesive with a bonding strength ≥0.5MPa to replace traditional mortar. The thickness of horizontal and vertical mortar joints is controlled at 3-5mm. The RFID tags on the masonry blocks are read using a barcode scanner to verify the number and location, ensuring the correct direction of pre-drilled holes, such as electrical conduit pre-drilled holes facing the interior. The installation and fixing of electromechanical pipelines includes: Electrical conduit installation: Insert Φ20 galvanized electrical conduit through the reserved hole in the block, connect both ends to the pre-embedded junction box with lock nuts, the conduit spacing is ≥20mm, and fix it to the wall surface with U-shaped clips; Water supply and drainage pipe installation: When a DN50 polypropylene drainage pipe passes through a wall, fill the sleeve with flexible sealing material, seal both ends with waterproof sealant, and control the slope to 2‰-5‰. Distribution box / box installation: The prefabricated distribution box module is embedded into the reserved groove in the wall and fixed to the wall with expansion bolts. The box is flush with the wall surface with an error of ≤2mm. Crack filling and joint treatment: After the sealing pipeline is installed, the gap between the reserved hole and the pipeline is filled with C20 micro-expansion fine stone concrete in two stages. The first stage is poured to a depth of 50%, and the second stage is poured after initial setting to ensure that the filling is dense. For the joints of the prefabricated partition wall panels, elastic sealant with a displacement capacity of ≥25% is used for waterproofing to prevent water vapor from seeping into the wall. Dynamic monitoring of construction quality: BIM model can be accessed in real time using mobile terminals to compare on-site construction progress with reserved and embedded locations, and timely adjustments can be made if deviations are found; hidden works such as pipeline grounding connections and waterproofing nodes of sleeves are inspected in detail, and inspection data is linked through QR codes to form a traceable archive of construction quality; Step 4, System Debugging and Project Acceptance: After completing the pipeline installation, perform functional tests on the electromechanical system, and deliver the BIM as-built model after the tests; Functional tests of the electromechanical system: After completing the pipeline installation, perform electrical circuit continuity tests, water pipe pressure tests (the test pressure is 1.5 times the working pressure, and the pressure drop is ≤0.05MPa after 30 minutes), and ventilation system airflow tests to ensure that each system is operating normally; BIM as-built model delivery synchronizes on-site construction change information to the BIM model, generating an as-built model that includes the actual location of pipelines and component parameters, serving as a digital archive for later operation and maintenance management; 3D scanning technology is used to conduct overall acceptance of wall surface flatness and pipeline elevation, and the data is uploaded to the building operation and maintenance management platform.

[0018] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing pipelines based on BIM technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. BIM-based detailed design and model building: establishing a 3D building information model, modeling of electromechanical pipeline systems, and collision detection and scheme optimization; S2. Factory prefabrication and component processing: including masonry prefabrication and numbering, fabrication of embedded components, and quality inspection and labeling; S3. Simultaneous construction and pipeline installation on the construction site: First, lay out the masonry bricks and position the lines, then install and fix the electromechanical pipelines, then perform grouting and joint sealing, and finally conduct dynamic monitoring of construction quality. S4. System Debugging and Project Acceptance: After completing the pipeline installation, perform functional testing of the electromechanical system, and deliver the BIM as-built model after the test.

2. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the establishment of a three-dimensional building information model is specifically achieved by using Revit or Tekla software to create a main building structure model that includes autoclaved aerated concrete masonry walls and prefabricated lightweight partition walls according to the architectural design drawings. The accuracy reaches LOD400, and the model fully labels the wall dimensions, material properties, door and window opening locations and elevations.

3. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the electromechanical pipeline system modeling involves performing three-dimensional modeling of the electrical, water supply and drainage, ventilation and air conditioning electromechanical pipeline systems, including pipeline routing, pipe diameter, junction boxes, distribution boxes, and bushing components. Collision detection and scheme optimization utilize the collision detection function of BIM software to perform collaborative verification of the masonry model and the MEP pipeline model, checking for positional conflicts between pipelines and wall structural columns, ring beams, and door and window lintels; adjusting pipeline routing and optimizing wall layout for collision points; and generating BIM detailed drawings containing pipeline pre-embedded positioning information, including masonry brick layout drawings and pipeline layout drawings.

4. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the prefabrication and numbering of masonry are carried out according to the BIM brick layout drawing. The autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are precisely cut at the prefabrication plant, and the processing size error is controlled within ±2mm. A laser marking machine is used to mark a unique number on the surface of each block, and the position of the reserved hole is marked at the same time.

5. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the fabrication of embedded components includes junction boxes and enclosure embedded modules: ABS engineering plastic prefabricated integrated embedded boxes are used, with built-in junction boxes and distribution box enclosures. The positioning coordinates of the embedded boxes are determined through BIM models, and positioning tenons are set on the surface of the box to precisely match the reserved grooves of the masonry blocks. For drainage pipes and air ducts that pass through walls, steel sleeves or shaped molds are used for prefabrication and embedding. The sleeve length is 20mm longer than the wall thickness, and water-stop rings are set at both ends.

6. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, quality inspection and labeling are carried out by performing three-dimensional scanning on the prefabricated blocks and embedded components, and verifying them by comparing with the BIM model to ensure that the position deviation of the reserved hole is ≤5mm and the elevation error of the embedded box is ≤10mm; qualified products are affixed with RFID tags and their positioning information and material specification data are entered.

7. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the bricklaying and positioning are carried out on the construction site using a BIM+GPS positioning system. The wall axis and elevation control lines are marked on the main structure. The bricklaying is carried out brick by brick from the end of the wall according to the BIM bricklaying drawing. The thickness of the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the bricks is controlled at 3-5mm. The RFID tags of the bricks are read by a barcode scanner to verify the number and position, and to ensure that the reserved hole direction is correct. The installation and fixing of electromechanical pipelines includes: electrical conduit installation: inserting Φ20 galvanized electrical conduits through the reserved holes in the masonry blocks, connecting both ends to the pre-embedded junction boxes with locknuts, maintaining a pipeline spacing of ≥20mm, and fixing them to the wall surface with U-shaped clips; water supply and drainage pipe installation: when DN50 polypropylene drainage pipes pass through the wall, filling the sleeve with flexible sealing material, sealing both ends with waterproof sealant, and controlling the slope to 2‰-5‰; distribution box / enclosure installation: embedding prefabricated distribution box modules into the reserved grooves in the wall, fixing them to the wall with expansion bolts, ensuring the enclosure is flush with the wall surface with an error of ≤2mm.

8. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the specific operation of the grouting treatment and node is as follows: after the sealing pipeline is installed, the gap between the reserved hole and the pipeline is filled with C20 micro-expansion fine stone concrete, which is poured in two stages to ensure that the filling is dense; for the joint of the prefabricated partition wall panel, elastic sealant is used for waterproofing to prevent water vapor from seeping into the wall. The specific operation of dynamic monitoring of construction quality involves using mobile terminals to retrieve BIM models in real time, comparing the on-site construction progress with the reserved and embedded locations, and making timely adjustments when deviations are found; checking hidden works such as pipeline grounding connections and waterproofing nodes of sleeves, and linking the detection data through QR codes to form a traceable archive of construction quality.

9. The installation pipeline construction method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the electromechanical system functional test is performed: after the pipeline installation is completed, the electrical circuit continuity test, water pipe pressure test, and ventilation system air volume test are carried out to ensure that each system is operating normally. BIM as-built model delivery synchronizes on-site construction change information to the BIM model, generating an as-built model that includes the actual location of pipelines and component parameters, serving as a digital archive for later operation and maintenance management; 3D scanning technology is used to conduct overall acceptance of wall surface flatness and pipeline elevation, and the data is uploaded to the building operation and maintenance management platform.

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