Gasification slurry preheating device
By using preheating pipes and steam fins in the gasification slurry preheating device to preheat the coal slurry, the problem of low gasification efficiency caused by low coal slurry temperature is solved, and efficient coal slurry gasification and energy utilization are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511376790.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
AI Technical Summary
In traditional fluidized bed gasification, the coal slurry temperature is low and a large amount of reaction heat needs to be absorbed, resulting in low gasification efficiency. In particular, the viscosity of the coal-water slurry increases at low temperatures, affecting nozzle atomization and gasification efficiency.
A gasification slurry preheating device is designed. By setting preheating pipes and steam fins in the preheating furnace, high-temperature steam is used to preheat the coal slurry, ensuring that the coal slurry reaches the target temperature before gasification and reducing heat consumption.
It improves the efficiency of coal slurry gasification, reduces energy consumption and production costs in the gasification process, and ensures the temperature stability of coal slurry in the gasifier.
Smart Images
Figure CN120888338A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal water slurry gasification, and particularly relates to a gasification slurry preheating device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Gasification is one of the core technologies for clean and efficient utilization of carbon-containing substances such as coal, waste and biomass, and the synthesis gas produced by gasification can be used to develop coal-based chemicals, coal-based fuels, and can be used in IGCC power generation, poly-generation system, hydrogen production and other processes. Traditional entrained flow bed gasification uses wet feeding method, that is, carbon-containing substances such as coal, waste and biomass are processed into coal water slurry, waste slurry, biomass slurry and the like with a solid content of about 50-70% by a mill and the like, and then are sent into a gasification furnace by a slurry pump and the like. Wet feeding is conducive to stable conveying of raw materials and pressurized gasification, and requires that the slurry viscosity is not higher than 1.2 Pa·s. The slurry viscosity increases with the increase of solid content and decreases with the increase of temperature. However, since the inlet temperature of the slurry into the gasification furnace is relatively low (close to room temperature) and the temperature in the gasification furnace is higher than 1200℃, the slurry will absorb a large amount of heat to increase the temperature after entering the gasification furnace, which requires more energy consumption and is not conducive to improving the gasification efficiency. In particular, in winter in northern China, the viscosity of coal water slurry increases greatly, and in order to meet the viscosity standard, the solid content of the slurry needs to be reduced, and high viscosity is also very unfavorable for nozzle atomization, resulting in a decrease in coal slurry gasification efficiency.
[0003] In summary, it is urgent for those skilled in the art to develop a preheating device capable of preheating coal slurry and improving the coal slurry gasification efficiency. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a gasification slurry preheating device, which solves the technical problem that the coal slurry gasification rate is reduced due to the need to absorb reaction heat energy when the coal slurry is gasified at a low temperature.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a gasification slurry preheating device, which comprises:
[0006] A preheating furnace is provided, and the bottom of the preheating furnace is provided with a coal slurry inlet and a coal slurry outlet. A plurality of preheating pipes are connected between the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet. The profile outer diameter of each preheating pipe gradually decreases in the direction close to the axis of the preheating furnace. Each preheating pipe is coaxially sleeved. A steam inlet and a condensate outlet are provided on the side wall of the preheating furnace. The steam inlet is used to deliver preheating steam to the preheating furnace, and the condensate outlet is used to discharge condensed water.
[0007] Preferably, each preheating pipe comprises a first spiral pipe and a second spiral pipe which are communicated. The spiral diameter of the first spiral pipe is smaller than the spiral diameter of the second spiral pipe. The first spiral pipe is arranged on the inner side of the second spiral pipe. The first spiral pipe is communicated with the coal slurry inlet, and the second spiral pipe is communicated with the coal slurry outlet.
[0008] Preferably, the preheating pipes are U-shaped pipes, each adjacent preheating pipe is arranged in cross, and the included angle between adjacent preheating pipes is 90°, and the ports on both sides of the U-shaped pipe are respectively communicated with the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet.
[0009] Preferably, the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet are connected with a shunt interface, the shunt interface comprises a manifold and a plurality of branch pipes, the manifold is used for receiving the coal slurry from the coal slurry inlet or each preheating pipe, each branch pipe is communicated with each preheating pipe, and each branch pipe distributes the coal slurry to each preheating pipe.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of first steam fins are arranged between each adjacent preheating pipe, a plurality of second steam fins are arranged on the outer periphery of the outermost preheating pipe, each second steam fin is perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace, each first steam fin is arranged at an angle to the axis of the preheating furnace, and the included angle between the two points to the side of the condensate outlet.
[0011] Preferably, a guide plate is arranged at the connection between each branch pipe and each preheating pipe, the guide plate separates the preheating pipe and the shunt interface, and the guide plate is used for receiving and guiding the condensed water to the condensate outlet.
[0012] Preferably, a plurality of coal slurry fins are connected to the inner wall of the preheating pipe, and each coal slurry fin is arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the preheating pipe.
[0013] Preferably, a connecting flange is arranged at the port of the coal slurry inlet, the coal slurry outlet, the steam inlet and the condensate outlet, and the connecting flange is used for connecting the steam supply device, the coal slurry generating device and the coal slurry gasification device.
[0014] Preferably, the steam inlet is located above the condensate outlet, and the steam inlet and the condensate outlet are located on the same side of the preheating furnace.
[0015] Preferably, the number of preheating pipes is specifically one, the thickness of the first steam fin and the second steam fin is in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 times the diameter of the preheating pipe, and the diameter ratio of the coal slurry fin to the preheating pipe is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3.
[0016] With respect to the above background, the gasification slurry preheating device provided by the present application comprises a preheating furnace, a steam inlet and a condensate outlet are arranged on the side wall of the preheating furnace, a coal slurry inlet and a coal slurry outlet are arranged at the bottom of the preheating furnace, a plurality of preheating pipes are arranged in the preheating furnace, the central symmetry axis of each preheating pipe coincides with the axis line of the preheating furnace, each preheating pipe is in communication with the coal slurry inlet and the coal slurry outlet respectively, and the profile outer diameter of each preheating pipe gradually decreases on the side close to the axis line of the preheating furnace, so that each preheating pipe can be nested with each other. When the coal slurry gasification is needed, the steam inlet sends high-temperature steam into the preheating furnace, the high-temperature steam is heated after passing through each preheating pipe, then the coal slurry generating device sends the coal slurry into each preheating branch pipe through the coal slurry inlet, in the process of sending the coal slurry, the steam inlet continuously sends the high-temperature steam into the preheating furnace, the high-temperature steam supplies heat to the coal slurry through the preheating pipe, so that the coal slurry has sufficient temperature, and after the coal slurry absorbs the heat of the high-temperature steam, the steam temperature decreases and gradually condenses into liquid, which is discharged through the condensate outlet.
[0017] The gasification slurry preheating device provided by the present application divides the coal slurry through the preheating pipe, fully heats the coal slurry through the steam in the sealed preheating furnace, reduces the heat consumption of the coal slurry during the gasification reaction, and thus improves the gasification efficiency of the coal slurry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 The first scheme cross-sectional view of the gasification slurry preheating device provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the spiral pipe provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 3 The second scheme cross-sectional view of the gasification slurry preheating device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Among them, 1-preheating furnace; 11-coal slurry inlet; 12-coal slurry outlet; 13-steam inlet; 14-condensate outlet; 2-preheating pipe; 21-first spiral pipe; 22-second spiral pipe; 23-U-shaped pipe; 3-guide plate; 4-connection flange; 51-first steam fin; 52-second steam fin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.
[0024] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0025] The present application provides a gasification slurry preheating device, please see the description of the drawings Figure 1 to the attached Figure 2 , the application includes a preheating furnace 1, the side wall of the preheating furnace 1 is provided with steam inlet 13 and condensate outlet 14, the steam inlet 13 is communicated with the steam supply device outside, providing high temperature steam for the preheating furnace 1, the bottom of the preheating furnace 1 is provided with coal slurry inlet 11 and coal slurry outlet 12, the coal slurry inlet 11 transports the coal slurry to be preheated into the preheating furnace 1, the coal slurry outlet 12 transports the preheated coal slurry into the coal slurry gasification device, preferably, a plurality of preheating pipes 2 are arranged in the preheating furnace 1, both ends of each preheating pipe 2 are communicated with the coal slurry inlet 11 and the coal slurry outlet 12 respectively, it should be noted that each preheating pipe 2 is symmetrically arranged around the axis center of the preheating furnace 1, the outer diameter of each preheating pipe 2 is gradually reduced towards the axis direction of the preheating furnace 1, so that each preheating pipe 2 can be nested, when the high temperature steam input by the steam inlet 13 enters the preheating furnace 1, each nested preheating pipe 2 can fully contact the high temperature steam, so as to improve the preheating effect of the present application on the coal slurry.
[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the steam inlet 13 is in communication with the waste heat pipe of the coal slurry gasification device, the steam inlet 13 receives high-temperature steam generated in the condensation process in the coal slurry gasification device and inputs the high-temperature steam into the preheating furnace 1. In the process of starting to input the high-temperature steam, the valve of the coal slurry inlet 11 is closed. The high-temperature steam heats the preheating furnace 1 and the preheating pipes 2. Avoiding that the preheating furnace 1 and the preheating pipes 2 with lower temperature absorb the heat of the high-temperature steam after the coal slurry is directly input into the preheating pipes 2. The heat absorbed by the coal slurry in the preheating pipes 2 is reduced, and the coal slurry cannot reach the target temperature, thereby reducing the gasification efficiency of the coal slurry. Further, after the preheating furnace 1 and the preheating pipes 2 are heated, the valve of the coal slurry inlet 11 is opened. The coal slurry inlet 11 inputs the coal slurry into the preheating furnace 1. The coal slurry is divided into several streams by the preheating pipes 2. The heating area of the coal slurry is greatly increased, and it is ensured that the coal slurry reaches the target temperature when the coal slurry flows to the coal slurry outlet 12. The coal slurry inlet 11 converges the coal slurry in the preheating pipes 2 and delivers the coal slurry to the coal slurry gasification device. Compared with the coal slurry that is not preheated, the coal slurry treated by the present application requires less energy to reach the reaction temperature. The coal slurry treated by the present application has a higher gasification rate at the same reaction temperature. In addition, the high-temperature steam used for preheating in the present application is a by-product of the coal slurry gasification device. The present application also improves the energy utilization rate of the coal slurry gasification process and reduces the production cost of the coal slurry gasification.
[0027] It should be noted that the connection flanges 4 are arranged at the ports of the coal slurry inlet 11, the coal slurry outlet 12, the steam inlet 13, and the condensate outlet 14. The connection flanges 4 are used to connect the steam supply device, the coal slurry generation device, and the coal slurry gasification device.
[0028] Please continue to refer to the drawings in the description Figure 1 with the drawings Figure 2, the first scheme of the application is shown in the figure, preferably, the preheating pipe 2 is specifically a spiral pipe group, the spiral pipe group comprises a first spiral pipe 21 and a second spiral pipe 22 connected with each other, wherein the spiral diameter of the first spiral pipe 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second spiral pipe 22, the first spiral pipe 21 is sleeved in the second spiral pipe 22, the first spiral pipe 21 is communicated with the coal slurry inlet 11, and the second spiral pipe 22 is communicated with the coal slurry outlet 12; the first spiral pipe 21 and the second spiral pipe 22 are sleeved with each other, so that the flow path of the coal slurry in the preheating furnace 1 is longer, and the residence of the coal slurry in the preheating furnace 1 is sufficient to heat the coal slurry to the target temperature; the profile diameter of each spiral pipe group gradually shrinks in the direction close to the axis of the preheating furnace 1, preferably, the diameter of the first spiral pipe 21 of the spiral pipe group arranged on the outer side is greater than the diameter of the second spiral pipe 22 of the spiral pipe group arranged on the inner side, so that each spiral pipe group can be sleeved with each other, and there is a spacing between the adjacent preheating pipe 2 groups after being sleeved, so that the high-temperature steam can flow in the sleeved spiral pipe group; in addition, the heat absorption area of the spiral preheating pipe 2 is more three-dimensional, and the heat absorption area of the preheating pipe 2 completely covers the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1, so that the coal slurry can uniformly absorb the heat of the high-temperature steam filled in the preheating furnace 1, avoiding the concentration of the heat absorption area of the preheating pipe 2, part of the high-temperature steam being outside the heat absorption area of the preheating pipe 2, the high-temperature steam entering the preheating furnace 1 not being completely used for heating, the temperature of the coal slurry entering the coal slurry gasification device not meeting the standard, and the gasification rate of the coal slurry being reduced.
[0029] Please refer to the drawings in the description Figure 3 , the second scheme of the application is shown in the figure, preferably, the spiral pipe is specifically a U-shaped pipe 23, the spacing between the two side ports of the U-shaped pipe 23 gradually shrinks in the direction close to the axis of the preheating furnace 1, and in addition, the height of the U-shaped pipe 23 decreases; each U-shaped pipe 23 is arranged staggered, and each U-shaped pipe 23 after being sleeved with each other is located in two mutually perpendicular planes, that is, the planes where the two adjacent U-shaped pipes 23 are arranged are perpendicular to each other; the heat absorption area of each U-shaped pipe 23 arranged in this way is sufficient to cover the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1, so that the preheating pipe 2 can fully absorb the heat of the high-temperature steam, and ensure that the coal slurry can be uniformly heated.
[0030] Preferably, a flow distribution interface is arranged at the coal slurry inlet 11 and the coal slurry outlet 12, the flow distribution interface comprises a manifold and branch pipes, the manifold is used to receive the coal slurry input by the coal slurry inlet 11, when the coal slurry enters the manifold, the coal slurry flows into the branch pipes, the branch pipes are in communication with the preheating pipes 2, the present application divides the coal slurry with a larger flow cross-sectional area into several coal slurries with a smaller flow cross-sectional area through the flow distribution interface, when the high-temperature steam heats the coal slurry in the branch pipes, the heat can be transferred to the inside of the coal slurry in a short time, ensuring that the coal slurry can be completely heated, if only a larger manifold is used for preheating the coal slurry, the coal slurry may have a lower heat conduction efficiency, the high-temperature steam can only heat the coal slurry close to the side wall of the manifold, and the part of the coal slurry close to the axis of the manifold does not reach the target temperature, further, the flow distribution interface in communication with the coal slurry outlet 12 receives the preheated coal slurry output by the branch pipes and outputs the coal slurry to the coal slurry outlet 12.
[0031] Further, the second steam fins 52 are arranged between adjacent preheating pipes 2, and the second steam fins 52 are arranged on the outer periphery of the outermost preheating pipes 2, the second steam fins 52 and the second steam fins 52 are used to assist the preheating pipes 2 to absorb heat, in addition, the second steam fins 52 and the second steam fins 52 connect the preheating pipes 2, so that the preheating pipes 2 can transfer heat, the temperature of the preheating pipes 2 is close to uniform, and the temperature of the coal slurry output after preheating is more stable, in addition, the second steam fins 52 are perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace 1, the second steam fins 52 are arranged at an angle with the axis of the preheating furnace 1, and the angle is directed to the side close to the coal slurry inlet 11, preferably, the second steam fins 52 are used to guide the high-temperature steam into the preheating pipes 2, the inclined second steam fins 52 are used to guide the condensed water generated on the surface of the preheating pipes 2, so as to avoid the accumulation of condensed water on the surface of the preheating pipes 2, which affects the heat transfer of the high-temperature steam to the preheating pipes 2. In addition, a plurality of coal slurry fins are arranged in the inner cavities of the preheating pipes 2, the coal slurry fins are spaced apart along the preheating pipes 2, and the coal slurry fins are connected to the inner walls of the preheating pipes 2, when the high-temperature steam transfers heat to the preheating pipes 2, the coal slurry fins extend into the inside of the coal slurry, the coal slurry fins heat the coal slurry from the inside, and the heat transfer efficiency of the preheating pipes 2 is further improved.
[0032] Preferably, the number of preheating pipes 2 is six, the thickness of the second steam fins 52 and the second steam fins 52 is 0.2 to 0.5 times the diameter of the preheating pipes 2, and the diameter ratio of the coal slurry fins to the preheating pipes 2 is 0.1 to 0.3.
[0033] In addition, a guide plate 3 is arranged at the connection between the branch pipe and the preheating pipe 2, the guide plate 3 is connected with each branch pipe and the outer wall of the preheating furnace 1, the guide plate 3 divides the inner cavity of the preheating furnace 1 into a preheating part and a slurry conveying part, preferably, the steam inlet 13 and the condensate outlet are both communicated with the preheating part, and both are located at the same side of the preheating furnace 1, the condensate inlet is located below the steam inlet 13, the condensed water generated when the high-temperature steam preheats the coal slurry falls on the guide plate 3, the guide plate 3 guides the condensed water to the condensate outlet, at the same time, the guide plate 3 also avoids the condensed water falling into the slurry conveying part, and the preheated coal slurry contacts, which causes the temperature of the coal slurry to drop.
[0034] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between or among such entities.
[0035] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by applying specific examples herein, and the above description of the examples is only for helping to understand the method of the present application and its core idea. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, the present application can be improved and modified in several ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A gasification slurry preheating device, characterized in that, include: A preheating furnace (1) is provided with a coal slurry inlet (11) and a coal slurry outlet (12) at the bottom. A number of preheating pipes (2) are connected between the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12). The outer radial direction of each preheating pipe (2) gradually narrows towards the axis of the preheating furnace (1). Each preheating pipe (2) is coaxially nested. A steam inlet (13) and a condensate outlet (14) are provided on the side wall of the preheating furnace (1). The steam inlet (13) is used to supply preheating steam to the preheating furnace (1), and the condensate outlet (14) is used to discharge condensate.
2. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the preheating pipes (2) includes a first spiral pipe (21) and a second spiral pipe (22) that are connected. The spiral diameter of the first spiral pipe (21) is smaller than the spiral diameter of the second spiral pipe (22). The first spiral pipe (21) is located inside the second spiral pipe (22). The first spiral pipe (21) is connected to the coal slurry inlet (11), and the second spiral pipe (22) is connected to the coal slurry outlet (12).
3. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating pipe (2) is a U-shaped pipe (23). Each adjacent preheating pipe (2) is arranged crosswise, and the included angle between adjacent preheating pipes (2) is 90°. The ports on both sides of the U-shaped pipe (23) are connected to the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12), respectively.
4. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the coal slurry inlet (11) and the coal slurry outlet (12) are connected to a diversion interface. The diversion interface includes a manifold and several branch pipes. The manifold is used to receive the coal slurry transported by the coal slurry inlet (11) or each of the preheating pipes (2). Each of the branch pipes is connected to each of the preheating pipes (2) and distributes the coal slurry to each of the preheating pipes (2).
5. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of first steam fins (51) are provided between each adjacent preheating pipe (2), and a plurality of second steam fins (52) are provided on the outer periphery of the outermost preheating pipe (2). Each second steam fin (52) is perpendicular to the axis of the preheating furnace (1), and each first steam fin (51) is set at an angle to the axis of the preheating furnace (1), and the included angle points to the side of the condensate outlet (14).
6. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each branch pipe is provided with a guide plate (3) at the connection between each preheating pipe (2). The guide plate (3) separates the preheating pipe (2) and the diversion interface. The guide plate (3) is used to receive condensate and guide the condensate to the condensate outlet (14).
7. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the preheating pipe (2) is connected with a number of coal slurry fins, and each coal slurry fin is spaced apart along the extension direction of the preheating pipe (2).
8. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal slurry inlet (11), the coal slurry outlet (12), the steam inlet (13), and the condensate outlet (14) are all provided with connecting flanges (4), which are used to connect the steam supply device, the coal slurry generation device, and the coal slurry gasification device.
9. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The steam inlet (13) is located above the condensate outlet (14), and the steam inlet (13) and the condensate outlet (14) are located on the same side of the preheating furnace (1).
10. The gasification slurry preheating device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of preheating tubes (2) is specifically 6. The ratio of the thickness of the first steam fin (51) and the second steam fin (52) to the diameter of the preheating tube (2) is between 0.2 and 0.
5. The ratio of the diameter of the coal slurry fin to the diameter of the preheating tube (2) is between 0.1 and 0.3.