Automatic welding equipment for crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture of electrolytic cell

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of welding equipment, in particular to automatic welding equipment for an electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer and a small box clamp, the welding equipment comprises a robot body and a tool clamp, the tool clamp comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, and the first clamp is used for fixing the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer; the second clamp is used for fixing the small box clamp; and the position changing machine is used for adjusting the angle of the tool clamp, so that the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and the small box clamp are located at the welding operation position of the robot body. According to the automatic welding equipment, on the basis that the welding quality is guaranteed, automatic welding of the crust breaking hammer and the small box clamp can be completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the field of welding equipment, in particular to an automatic welding equipment for electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture. BACKGROUND

[0002] The crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture are commonly used components in electrolytic aluminum production and belong to consumable parts. At present, the small batch welding parts such as the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture on the market are welded by manual work, and the manual work is carried out throughout the assembly and welding process, which causes the waste of labor cost and low welding efficiency. Since the welding effect is greatly affected by human factors during manual welding, the welding quality at the welding joint is difficult to guarantee, and it is urgent to solve. SUMMARY

[0003] In the embodiment of the present application, an automatic welding equipment for electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture is provided, which can complete the automatic welding of the crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture on the basis of ensuring the welding quality.

[0004] In the embodiment of the present application, the following technical scheme is adopted:

[0005] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an automatic welding equipment for electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture, comprising: a robot body used for automatic welding of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture; a tool fixture, the tool fixture comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp is used for fixing the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head; the second clamp is used for fixing the small box fixture; a positioner, the positioner is used for adjusting the angle of the tool fixture, so that the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture are located at the welding work position of the robot body; wherein the first clamp comprises: a supporting seat used to support the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head; a first clamping jaw used for cooperating with the supporting seat to clamp the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head to limit the movement of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head in a first direction; two second clamping jaws respectively located at opposite sides of the supporting seat, used for fixing opposite ends of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head to limit the movement of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head in a second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the second clamp comprises: a clamping seat used to place the small box fixture; a side clamping mechanism used for fixing the side of the small box fixture; a top clamping mechanism used for fixing the top of the small box fixture.

[0006] In this embodiment, the automated welding equipment replaces manual welding with robots, achieving fully automated operation. The robot can complete precise welding in a short time, greatly improving welding efficiency and reducing the time and cost of manual welding. The robot can precisely control parameters during the welding process, avoiding instability caused by human factors. Especially at the weld joints, the robot can maintain consistent welding quality, ensuring that each joint meets predetermined standards, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the welded parts. Replacing manual operation with automated welding equipment significantly reduces labor costs. In manual welding, welding quality is affected by the operator's skill level, potentially requiring multiple reworks, while automated equipment can complete the task efficiently and consistently. Through specially designed tooling fixtures, the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box clamps are precisely fixed during welding, avoiding welding defects caused by improper fixing. Simultaneously, the positioner's angle adjustment function ensures the welded parts are always in the optimal welding position, further ensuring welding accuracy. This automated equipment solution is not only suitable for large-scale production but can also efficiently handle small-batch production tasks. The automated welding equipment maintains high efficiency in small-batch production, reducing manual intervention and ensuring stable production line operation. Automated equipment can effectively reduce the dangers of manual operation, reduce the risk of workers being exposed to high temperatures or harmful gases during welding, and ensure the safety of the production environment.

[0007] As one feasible implementation, tooling fixtures are installed on both sides of the positioner, and two positioners are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the robot body.

[0008] As one feasible implementation, the support card holder is provided with multiple support card slots, and the side of the support card slot facing the shell-breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell is arc-shaped.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first gripper includes a support rod mounted on a positioner, the support rod extending in a first direction, and a rotating pressure rod hinged to the end of the support rod away from the positioner in the first direction. The rotating pressure rod can abut against the side wall of the shell-breaking hammer of the electrolytic cell, and a limiting component is provided at the hinge of the rotating pressure rod and the support rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod.

[0010] As an implementation, the limiting assembly comprises connecting rods arranged at the ends of the support rods, the connecting rods are arranged symmetrically, the ends of the rotating pressure rods are rotatably connected in the mounting space formed by the two connecting rods, one end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the end of the support rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to a limiting ball, the hinging position of the limiting ball and the connecting rod is offset from the diameter of the limiting ball, so that the rotation of the limiting ball can abut against the rotating shaft of the rotating pressure rod and the connecting rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod, and a rotating handle is arranged on the hinging ball to facilitate the rotation of the hinging ball.

[0011] As an implementation, the second clamping jaw comprises an I-shaped steel arranged on the positioner, a jacking rod is arranged on the I-shaped steel, the jacking rod is in sliding connection with the I-shaped steel, and the jacking rod can abut against the end side wall of the crust breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell when the jacking rod slides in the second direction, a pulling rod is hingedly connected to the end of the jacking rod away from the electrolytic cell, a locking handle is hingedly connected to the side of the pulling rod away from the jacking rod, the locking handle is arranged in an L shape, the hinging position of the locking handle and the pulling rod is at the bending position of the locking handle, and one end of the locking handle is rotatably connected to the I-shaped steel, when the locking handle rotates relative to the hinging point of the locking handle and the I-shaped steel, the pulling rod slides in the second direction, and the jacking rod slides in the second direction.

[0012] As an implementation, the side clamping mechanism comprises an I-shaped steel arranged on the positioner, two parallel arranged ear plates are arranged on the I-shaped steel, and a sliding rod is arranged on the ear plates, the sliding rod penetrates through the two ear plates, and a limiting assembly is arranged at the end of the sliding rod away from the small box clamp to limit the sliding length of the sliding rod.

[0013] As an implementation, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting block arranged on the side of the ear plate, two parallel arranged limiting plates are arranged on the limiting block, two rotating plates are arranged in the mounting space of the two limiting plates, the rotating plates are respectively hingedly connected to the ear plate and the sliding rod, and a rotating handle is arranged at the hinging position of the rotating plate and the ear plate; the sliding rod penetrates through the limiting block, and the sliding rod and the limiting block are in clearance fit with a gap greater than zero.

[0014] As an implementable embodiment, the side clamping mechanism further comprises a sliding plate arranged on one side of the small box fixture, the sliding plate is capable of sliding relative to the positioner and clamping on the side of the small box fixture, a linkage rod is arranged on the side of the sliding plate away from the small box fixture, and the linkage rod drives the sliding plate to slide in the second direction; a fixing block is arranged on the sliding plate, a clamping rod for clamping and fixing the upper side of the small box fixture is hinged to the fixing block, the clamping rod is arranged in an F shape, and a locking gate for limiting rotation of the clamping rod is arranged on the fixing block, an internal cavity of the locking gate is provided with a locking connecting rod, two ends of the locking connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected with the locking gate and the side wall of the clamping rod, and when the locking gate rotates to the first direction, the clamping rod can be locked on the side wall of the small box fixture.

[0015] As an implementable embodiment, the top clamping mechanism comprises a support rod mounted on the positioner, a rotating rod is hinged to the support rod, the rotating rod is capable of rotating relative to the hinge point of the support rod to abut to the upper side of the small box fixture, and a locking cylinder is arranged on the side of the rotating rod away from the small box fixture; a limiting member for limiting rotation of the rotating rod to form a stroke is further arranged on the positioner, and the limiting member is located on the side of the support rod facing the small box fixture.

[0016] The automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided by the embodiment of the present application utilizes the positioner to realize multi-angle rotation, lifting and position change of the workpiece, and realizes automatic welding of common welds of the crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture in combination with line laser weld seam recognition of the robot body, so that the weld seam accessibility is high and the welding quality is stable. The tool fixture can realize stable clamping of the crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture, and the workpiece is automatically positioned, the robot body is automatically welded, and the weld seam is automatically located and tracked, so that the welding quality and efficiency of the crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture are greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings used in the following description of the embodiments are briefly introduced.

[0018] In each of the drawings, like elements are denoted by like reference numerals for clarity. Each portion in the drawings is not drawn in proportion, and some features can be exaggerated or omitted in order to more clearly show and explain the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A perspective structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and the automatic welding equipment of the small box fixture provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A perspective structural schematic diagram of the positioner and the tooling fixture mounted thereon provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in FIG. 1 is shown to illustrate the specific structure of the first clamp in the tooling fixture;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in FIG. 1 is shown to illustrate the specific structure of the second clamp in the tooling fixture.

[0025] In the figure, 1, robot body; 11, welding gun; 12, anti-collision sensor; 13, PLC control cabinet; 2, positioner; 3, tooling fixture; 31, first clamp; 311, bearing clamping seat; 3111, bearing clamping groove; 312, first clamping jaw; 3121, support rod; 3122, rotating pressing rod; 3123, connecting rod; 3124, limiting ball; 3125, rotating handle; 313, second clamping jaw; 3131, I-shaped steel; 3132, ejector rod; 3133, pulling rod; 3144, locking handle; 32, second clamp; 321, clamping seat; 322, I-shaped steel; 323, ear plate; 324, sliding rod; 325, limiting block; 326, limiting plate; 327, rotating plate; 328, actuating handle; 329, sliding plate; 3291, linkage rod; 3292, fixed block; 3293, clamping rod; 3294, locking gate; 3295, locking connecting rod; 3211, support rod; 3212, rotating rod; 3213, locking cylinder; 3214, limiting member; 3215, abutting rod; 4, gun cleaning station; 5, welding power supply; 6, water cooling system; 7, smoke treatment system; 8, teach pendant; 9, wire feeder barrel; 91, air pump; 10, electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head; 20, small box fixture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0029] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "some implementations", "some embodiments", "exemplary", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0031] In order to reduce labor consumption, improve quality and efficiency, reduce safety risks, and realize direct welding of small box fixtures, shell breaking hammer heads and other workpieces without professional welders, a small workpiece welding robot is developed, which can improve welding efficiency and reduce safety risks. It should be noted that the control system of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic tank shell breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided in the embodiments of the present application can realize high integration control through an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC), integrate the key control modules of the automatic welding equipment on one platform, thereby simplifying the system structure, improving the integration and control efficiency, simplifying the maintenance and upgrading operations, and improving the overall performance and adaptability of the automatic welding equipment.

[0032] Figure 1 A front view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic tank shell breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 2 A top view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic tank shell breaking hammer head and the small box fixture provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the automatic welding equipment includes a robot body 1, two positioners 2 arranged on both sides of the robot body 1, and a tool clamp 3 arranged on the positioner 2.

[0033] The robot body 1 is the core part of the automatic welding equipment, responsible for the actual welding work. Through automatic operation, the robot can complete the welding task on the set working path, avoiding the instability and inefficiency brought by manual welding. The robot can precisely control the welding position to ensure the welding quality. Moreover, the automatic welding equipment is equipped with a special tool clamp 3 to ensure the stable and accurate fixation of the welding piece during the whole process. The function of the positioner 2 is to adjust the angle of the tool clamp 3, so that the shell breaking hammer head and the small box fixture 20 are correctly connected to the welding work position of the robot body 1. By changing the angle of the tool clamp 3, it is ensured that the workpiece can be welded at the correct angle to improve the welding precision.

[0034] Figure 3 A perspective structural schematic view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic tank shell breaking hammer head 10 and the small box fixture 20 provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 at the same time, referring to Figure 3In an example, the robot body 1 in the embodiment is a six-axis welding robot, which is provided with a welding torch 11 at the end thereof, and is provided with an anti-collision sensor 12 (accuracy ±0.01 mm) on one side of the welding torch 11. In addition, the arm length of the six-axis welding robot is greater than or equal to 2000 mm, the load is greater than or equal to 12 kg, the accuracy is not greater than 0.03 mm (repeated positioning), the protection level is IP54, which can effectively prevent harmful dust from entering, and can withstand water splashing from all directions, and the movement is flexible and the repeated positioning accuracy is high. Optionally, the six-axis welding robot is provided with a homing function, which can be realized by a weld seam tracker (not shown in the figure), for example, a laser sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed in the weld seam tracker, the laser sensor automatically searches for the weld seam features, the six-axis welding robot controls the welding torch 11 to move along the weld seam, and even in the case of a certain degree of deformation of the workpiece, the homing function can automatically compensate for the difference, so that the weld seam forming quality is good and the appearance is beautiful.

[0035] A front side of the robot body 1 is provided with a gun cleaning station 4, which is used for cleaning and lubricating the welding torch 11, removing the splashes generated during the welding process, preventing sticking, and ensuring smooth wire feeding; in addition, the gun cleaning station 4 is provided with a wire cutting function to ensure that the length of the welding wire is consistent each time. Optionally, the robot body 1 is provided with a welding power source 5 at the rear thereof, the welding power source 5 is a pulse high-performance welding power source 5, 380V, which is matched with the robot to meet the automatic welding requirements.

[0036] In one embodiment, a water cooling system 6 is provided at the rear of the welding power source 5, which effectively reduces the temperature of the welding torch 11 during the welding process by using water circulation, so as to ensure that the welding torch 11 can work for a long time. A smoke treatment system 7 is provided at the rear of the water cooling system 6, which is connected to the end of the welding torch 11 (not completely shown in the figure), and can effectively treat the smoke generated during the welding process, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce harm to workers.

[0037] Exemplarily, a PLC control cabinet 13 is further arranged on the side of the robot body 1. The PLC controller built in the PLC control cabinet 13 is configured with a dumb man-machine interaction system. The operation interface of the dumb man-machine interaction system is simple and friendly. The system function is mature and stable. Ordinary personnel can operate. The system can automatically search for a seam through laser one-point or multi-point positioning. The welding point position is unlimited and the work flow can be seen. The process, welding parameters, histogram imaging can be seen. The work flow, process and welding parameters can be saved as a program for calling at any time (the number of program saving is unlimited). The system is not disordered and the program is not lost in case of unexpected power failure. The system and program can be exported and backed up. In addition, the dumb man-machine interaction system has a recording function. The work personnel can be switched through the login function. The workpiece welding quantity and welding meters can be recorded by person classification. The excel table can be exported. The equipment communication interface is opened on the PLC control cabinet 13. All parameters can be read through the interface. The communication protocol specification is matched to facilitate the operation personnel to operate.

[0038] In some embodiments, the PLC control cabinet 13 serves as a core control unit, integrating components such as PLC, electrical control cabinet, servo controller, touch screen, main control console, industrial computer, router, and display (not shown in the figure). The system adopts ProfiNet bus communication protocol to build a high-speed and stable industrial network, realizing real-time data interaction among components. Among them, the main controller PLC undertakes the core coordination responsibility, and realizes bidirectional data transmission with each subsystem of the production line through standardized interface. The servo controller supports dual control mode: it can receive centralized control instructions from PLC, and also respond to local operation signals from touch screen or main control console buttons, ensuring the flexibility of the system in different scenarios. On the human-computer interaction level, the touch screen serves as the main operation terminal, providing an intuitive parameter setting interface and real-time data monitoring function, covering key indicators such as welding current, voltage, speed, and production rhythm. At the same time, the main control console equipped with physical buttons serves as an emergency operation entrance, forming a double insurance mechanism for human-computer cooperation. In terms of data management, the industrial computer realizes data integration through a dual-network architecture: on one hand, it accesses the production control network to obtain real-time data, and on the other hand, it connects to the enterprise intranet to access the product database. The system can automatically retrieve standardized drawings according to workpiece models, and display them visually through high-definition displays, forming a digital closed loop from the design end to the manufacturing end.

[0039] In addition, the robot body 1 is also equipped with an independent teach pendant 8, supporting offline programming and online debugging functions to meet the precise control requirements of complex welding trajectories. Exemplarily, two programming modes are set. One is manual programming, using the teach pendant 8 or terminal to program and weld the robot; the other is drag (joystick) dumb programming, using drag or joystick to control the robot for rough positioning, and then the robot automatically accurately searches for a seam and welds. Through the hierarchical architecture design of the whole system, both full automation control of the production process and permission for manual intervention are realized, and an efficient and collaborative intelligent manufacturing environment is constructed.

[0040] Exemplarily, the robot body 1 is further provided with a wire feeding barrel 9, which can accommodate a large amount of welding wire with a specification of 1.2 mm. One replacement can satisfy multiple welding operations, and the wire feeding barrel 9 is convenient and simple to replace, reduces the replacement frequency, and improves the welding efficiency. It should be noted that the workpieces to be welded in the present embodiment, such as the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 and the small box fixture 20, are made of ordinary carbon steel, and the welding method adopts MAG (Metal Active Gas, metal active gas, protective gas 80% Ar+20% CO2). A gas pump 91 for feeding protective gas to the welding gun 11 is arranged on one side of the wire feeding barrel 9. The protective gas is 80% Ar+20% CO2. By using 80% argon and 20% carbon dioxide protective gas, efficient and stable welding can be achieved to ensure the quality and strength of the welded joint, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0041] Optionally, the automatic welding equipment further comprises a safety protection system: including safety fences, safety doors, robot supports, emergency stop buttons and light curtains (not shown in the figure). Each component can communicate with the PLC. The safety fence is mainly used to prevent personnel from entering and to shield the arc light generated during welding. It can be flexibly divided according to the actual production situation. The safety door is used for personnel to enter and exit, and controls the operation of the whole system. After the safety door is opened, the whole production line will not be started. The robot support can detect the collision state of the robot in real time through the collision sensor. When the robot collides, the robot will automatically stop to protect the robot system from collision damage. The emergency stop button is installed at various places on the production line. Pressing the emergency stop button can make the equipment stop immediately. Each station is equipped with a light curtain system. Blocking the light curtain in any state will trigger an alarm of the control system. The whole safety protection system can realize the protection function of personnel safety.

[0042] Figure 4 A perspective structural schematic diagram of the positioner and the tooling fixture mounted thereon is shown. Figure 5 is Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in FIG. 2 is shown to illustrate the specific structure of the first clamp 31 in the tooling fixture 3. Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the present embodiment, two positioners 2 are provided, which are symmetrically placed on the two sides of the robot body 1. By replacing the tooling fixture 3 on the positioner 2, the welding of two different workpieces can be switched, and the precision meets the welding requirements. It can be understood that the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 is a cylinder (see Figure 5 ), and the small box fixture 20 is a triangular cavity structure (see Figure 6 ). The structures of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 and the small box fixture 20 are existing structures, which will not be described here.

[0043] The tooling fixture 3 comprises two parts: a first clamp 31 and a second clamp 32, which are respectively used to fix the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20. Optionally, the first clamp 31 of the small box clamp 20 is not less than six stations, which are respectively installed on the two sides of the positioner 2, and the welding of the front and back surfaces is completed once by automatic turning of the positioner 2; the second set is the second clamp 32 for fixing the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10, which is not less than two stations, which are respectively installed on the two sides of the positioner 2, and the welding is completed by automatic rotation of the positioner 2. In some embodiments, the tooling fixture 3 can also include a third set of universal tooling for self-defined workpieces, which is used to fix other different models of workpieces other than the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20, which is not shown in the embodiment to improve the applicability of the automatic welding equipment.

[0044] Referring to Figure 5 , at the same time, referring back to Figure 1 , for example, the first clamp 31 is used to fix the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10, so as to ensure that the crust breaking hammer head does not move or deform during welding. Specifically, the first clamp 31 comprises a supporting holder 311, a first clamping jaw 312 and a second clamping jaw 313. Among them, the supporting holder 311 is used to support the bottom of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10, and keep its position stable. The first clamping jaw 312 clamps the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 to prevent it from moving in the first direction. The second clamping jaw 313 is provided with two, and the two second clamping jaws 313 are respectively located at both ends of the crust breaking hammer head to prevent it from moving in the second direction, and to ensure the stability of the crust breaking hammer head. Among them, the first direction and the second direction are vertically arranged. In the embodiment, the first direction is the vertical direction, and the second direction is the axis direction of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 after it is placed on the supporting holder 311, that is, the horizontal direction.

[0045] In one embodiment, a plurality of supporting grooves 3111 are formed on the supporting holder 311, and the number of the supporting grooves 3111 can be set according to the length of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10, for example, five supporting grooves 3111 are provided in the embodiment. The side of the supporting grooves 3111 facing the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 is arc-shaped to facilitate stable support of the electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10. The electrolytic tank crust breaking hammer head 10 placed on the supporting grooves 3111 is fixed in the first direction and the second direction by the cooperation of the first clamping jaw 312 and the second clamping jaw 313, so as to facilitate subsequent welding.

[0046] Optionally, the first clamping jaw 312 is provided in plurality, for example, in the embodiment, three first clamping jaws 312 are provided according to the length of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head 10. Specifically, the first clamping jaw 312 comprises a support rod 3121 mounted on the positioner 2, the support rod 3121 extends along the direction of the first direction, and a rotating pressing rod 3122 is hinged at the end of the support rod 3121 away from the positioner 2, the rotating pressing rod 3122 can be rotated to abut against the side wall of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head 10 through the rotation point of itself and the support rod 3121, and a limiting assembly is arranged at the hinge of the rotating pressing rod 3122 and the support rod 3121 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressing rod 3122. The limiting assembly comprises a connecting rod 3123 arranged at the end of the support rod 3121, the connecting rod 3123 is provided in two, the two connecting rods 3123 are symmetrically arranged, the end of the rotating pressing rod 3122 is rotatably connected in the mounting space formed by the two connecting rods 3123, one end of the connecting rod 3123 is hinged at the end of the support rod 3121, the other end of the connecting rod 3123 is hinged with a limiting ball 3124, the hinge of the limiting ball 3124 and the connecting rod 3123 is offset from the diameter of the limiting ball 3124, so that the rotation of the limiting ball 3124 can abut against the rotation axis of the rotating pressing rod 3122 and the connecting rod 3123 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressing rod 3122, and a rotating handle 3125 is arranged on the hinge ball to facilitate the rotation of the hinge ball.

[0047] Referring to Figure 5 In use, the rotating pressing rod 3122 is rotated to abut against the side wall of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head 10, then the rotating handle 3125 is rotated to the first direction (vertical direction) to make the limiting ball 3124 abut against the rotation axis of the rotating pressing rod 3122, cooperate with the hook-shaped end arranged at the end of the support rod 3121 and the vertical part at the end of the rotating pressing rod 3122 to limit the rotation of the rotating pressing rod 3122, so that the rotating pressing rod 3122 can stably fix the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head 10.

[0048] Referring to Figure 5The second clamping jaw 313 comprises an I-shaped steel 3131 arranged on the positioner 2, and a top rod 3132 is arranged on the I-shaped steel 3131. The top rod 3132 is in sliding connection with the I-shaped steel 3131, and the top rod 3132 can abut against the end side wall of the electrolytic cell crust-breaking hammer head 10 when sliding in the second direction. The top rod 3132 is hingedly connected to a pulling rod 3133 away from the end of the electrolytic cell crust-breaking hammer head 10. The pulling rod 3133 is hingedly connected to a locking handle 3144 away from the top rod 3132. The locking handle 3144 is arranged in an L shape, and the hinge connection between the locking handle 3144 and the pulling rod 3133 is located at the bending position of the locking handle 3144. One end of the locking handle 3144 is rotationally connected to the I-shaped steel 3131. When the locking handle 3144 rotates relative to the hinge connection point between the locking handle 3144 and the I-shaped steel 3131, the pulling rod 3133 is driven to slide in the second direction, so as to drive the top rod 3132 to slide in the second direction. According to the parallelogram principle, the second clamping jaw 313 can realize the abutment and fixation of the end of the electrolytic cell crust-breaking hammer head 10 by rotating the locking handle 3144 to make the pulling rod 3133 slide in the second direction. In some embodiments, the structure of the second clamping jaw 313 can also be the same as that of the first clamping jaw 312, so that the second clamping jaw 313 can also clamp the end of the electrolytic cell crust-breaking hammer head 10 by rotating the pressing rod 3122, so as to be suitable for irregular ends of electrolytic cell crust-breaking hammer heads 10 of different specifications. In the present embodiment, the structure of the second clamping jaw 313 is not strictly limited.

[0049] Figure 6 is Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 20, showing the specific structure of the second clamping jaw 32 in the tool clamp 3. Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 For example, the second clamping jaw 32 is used to fix the small box jig 20 to ensure that it does not shift during the welding process. Optionally, the second clamping jaw 32 comprises a clamping seat 321, a side clamping mechanism and a top clamping mechanism. The clamping seat 321 is a base for placing the small box jig 20 to keep it stable horizontally. In some embodiments, the clamping seat 321 can have a hollow structure, so that after the small box jig 20 is fixed, the robot body 1 can weld the side of the small box jig 20 facing the clamping seat 321 after the positioner 2 is turned over. The side clamping mechanism and the top clamping mechanism are used to ensure that the side and top of the small box jig 20 are clamped firmly to prevent any displacement during the welding process.

[0050] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6Optionally, the side clamping mechanism comprises an I-beam 322 arranged on the positioner 2, two parallel arranged ear plates 323 are arranged on the I-beam 322, and a sliding rod 324 is arranged on the ear plate 323 and penetrates through the two ear plates 323 along the second direction, and a limiting assembly is arranged on the end of the sliding rod 324 away from the small box fixture 20 to limit the sliding length of the sliding rod 324. The limiting assembly comprises a limiting block 325 arranged on the side of the ear plate 323, two parallel arranged limiting plates 326 are arranged on the limiting block 325, two rotating plates 327 are arranged in the mounting space of the two limiting plates 326, the rotating plates 327 are respectively hinged with the ear plate 323 and the sliding rod 324, and a push handle 328 is arranged on the hinge between the rotating plate 327 and the ear plate 323; the sliding rod 324 penetrates through the limiting block 325, and the sliding rod 324 is matched with the limiting block 325 with a gap greater than zero.

[0051] In use, the rotating plate 327 is rotated by the push handle 328, so that the rotating plate 327 is rotated relative to the limiting plate 326 to drive the hinge point between the rotating plate 327 and the sliding rod 324 to move away from or close to the limiting block 325 along the second direction, so that the sliding rod 324 moves away from or close to the small box fixture 20, and the fixation or unlocking of the side wall of the small box fixture 20 is realized.

[0052] Continuing to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the side clamping mechanism further comprises a sliding plate 329 arranged on the other side of the small box fixture 20; the sliding plate 329 is arranged vertically and is slidingly connected with the positioner 2, so that the sliding plate 329 can slide relative to the positioner 2 and be clamped on the vertical side of the small box fixture 20. A linkage rod 3291 is arranged on the side of the sliding plate 329 away from the small box fixture 20 to drive the sliding plate 329 to slide along the second direction, and the structure of the linkage rod 3291 can refer to the second clamping jaw 313 using the parallelogram principle, which will not be repeated here. In addition, a fixing block 3292 is fixedly connected on the sliding plate 329, a clamping rod 3293 for clamping the upper side of the small box fixture 20 is hinged on the fixing block 3292, the clamping rod 3293 is arranged in F shape, and a locking gate 3294 for limiting the rotation of the clamping rod 3293 is arranged on the fixing block 3292, an internal cavity of the locking gate 3294 is provided with a locking connecting rod 3295, both ends of the locking connecting rod 3295 are respectively rotationally connected with the locking gate 3294 and the side wall of the clamping rod 3293, and when the locking gate 3294 is rotated to the first direction, the clamping rod 3293 can be locked on the side wall of the small box fixture 20.

[0053] Continuing to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The top clamping mechanism comprises a supporting rod 3211 mounted on the positioner 2, a rotating rod 3212 hinged to the supporting rod 3211, the rotating rod 3212 being rotatable relative to the hinge point of the supporting rod 3211 to abut against the upper side of the small box fixture 20, and a locking cylinder 3213 provided on the side of the rotating rod 3212 away from the small box fixture 20. A limiting member 3214 for limiting the rotation stroke of the rotating rod 3212 is further provided on the positioner 2, and the limiting member 3214 is located on the side of the supporting rod 3211 facing the small box fixture 20. The piston rod of the locking cylinder 3213 is hinged to one end of the rotating rod 3212, and when the piston rod of the locking cylinder 3213 moves in the vertical direction, the piston rod can drive the rotating rod 3212 to rotate relative to the hinge point of the supporting rod 3211, so that the other end of the rotating rod 3212 can abut against the upper side of the small box fixture 20. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to enable the rotating rod 3212 to accurately abut against the small box fixture 20, an abutting rod 3215 is added to the middle part of the rotating rod 3212. The connection between the abutting rod 3215 and the rotating rod 3212 is provided in a U shape, and a flexible pad is provided at the end of the abutting rod 3215 abutting against the small box fixture 20, so as to reduce the extrusion damage to the small box fixture 20.

[0054] The automatic welding equipment of this embodiment adopts double-station welding, one station for welding and the other station for feeding and discharging preparation, and the work is cycled. The workpiece is fixed on the positioner 2 through the tooling fixture 3, and is matched and linked with the robot body 1 through the positioner 2, so that the workpiece can be located in the operable welding range of the robot body 1. During welding, the robot body 1 switch is started, the welding program number corresponding to the shearing arm is input into the PLC control cabinet 13, the welding is started, and the robot body 1 automatically completes all the welding of the welds. At the same time, the smoke collection system arranged on the side is operated to remove the smoke dust along with the welding gun 11. After the welding is completed, the robot body 1 is automatically returned, the gun is cleaned and the wire is cut through the gun cleaning station 4, and then the next station is prepared for welding. The automatic welding equipment of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head 10 and the small box fixture 20 can improve the production efficiency, reduce the labor cost and reduce the influence of human factors on the welding quality under the premise of ensuring the welding quality through the robot welding, the accurate design of the tooling fixture 3 and the angle adjustment of the positioner 2. This scheme provides a stable and reliable solution for the welding of key components in the electrolytic aluminum production.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. The modification or replacement does not change the essence of the corresponding technical solution out of the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic welding equipment for pot breaker hammer head and small box fixture, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of welding equipment for electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture, comprising: Robot body is used to automatically weld electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture; Tool fixture, the tool fixture includes first fixture and second fixture, the first fixture is used to fix the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head;The second fixture is used to fix small box fixture; Positioner, the positioner is used to adjust the angle of the tool fixture, so that the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head and small box fixture are located in the welding work position of robot body; Wherein, the first fixture includes: Supporting holder, the supporting holder is used to support the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head; First jaw, for cooperating with the supporting holder to clamp electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head, to limit the movement of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head in the first direction; Second jaw, provided with two, respectively located on the opposite sides of supporting holder, for fixing the opposite ends of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head, to limit the movement of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head in the second direction;Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; Second fixture includes: Clamping seat, used to place the small box fixture; Side clamping mechanism, for fixing the side of the small box fixture; Top clamping mechanism, for fixing the top of the small box fixture.

2. The welding equipment of claim 1, wherein, The opposite sides of the positioner are both installed with tool fixture, and the positioner is provided with two, two positioners are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the robot body.

3. The welding equipment of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of supporting grooves are formed on the supporting holder, and the side of the supporting grooves facing the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head is arc-shaped.

4. The welding apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The first jaw includes a support rod installed on the positioner, the support rod extends in the first direction, and a rotating pressure rod is hinged at the end of the support rod away from the positioner in the first direction, the rotating pressure rod can abut against the side wall of the electrolytic cell crust breaking hammer head, and a limiting component is arranged at the hinge between the rotating pressure rod and the support rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod.

5. The welding equipment of claim 4, wherein, The limiting component includes a connecting rod arranged at the end of the support rod, the connecting rod is provided with two, the two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged, the end of the rotating pressure rod is rotatably connected in the mounting space formed by the two connecting rods, one end of the connecting rod is hinged at the end of the support rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a limiting ball, the hinge between the limiting ball and the connecting rod is offset from the diameter of the limiting ball, so that the rotation of the limiting ball can abut against the rotation shaft of the rotating pressure rod and the connecting rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod, and a rotating handle is arranged on the hinge ball to facilitate the rotation of the hinge ball.

6. The welding apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The second clamping jaw comprises an I-shaped steel arranged on the positioner, a top rod is installed on the I-shaped steel, the top rod is in sliding connection with the I-shaped steel, and the top rod can abut against the end side wall of the crust breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell when sliding in the second direction, a pulling rod is hinged to the end of the top rod away from the crust breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell, a locking handle is hinged to the side of the pulling rod away from the top rod, the locking handle is arranged in an L shape, the hinge position of the locking handle and the pulling rod is located at the bending position of the locking handle, and one end of the locking handle is rotationally connected to the I-shaped steel; when the locking handle rotates relative to the hinge point of the I-shaped steel, the pulling rod can slide in the second direction to drive the top rod to slide in the second direction.

7. The welding apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The side clamping mechanism comprises an I-shaped steel arranged on the positioner, two parallel arranged ear plates are installed on the I-shaped steel, and a sliding rod is arranged on the ear plate; the sliding rod penetrates through the two ear plates, and a limiting component for limiting the sliding length of the sliding rod is arranged at the end of the sliding rod away from the small box fixture.

8. The welding equipment of claim 7, wherein, The limiting component comprises a limiting block installed on the side of the ear plate, two parallel arranged limiting plates are installed on the limiting block, two rotating plates are arranged in the installation space of the two limiting plates, the rotating plates are respectively hinged to the ear plate and the sliding rod, and a turning handle is installed at the hinge position of the rotating plate and the ear plate; the sliding rod penetrates through the limiting block, and the gap between the sliding rod and the limiting block is greater than zero.

9. The welding equipment of claim 7, wherein, The side clamping mechanism further comprises a sliding plate arranged on one side of the small box fixture, the sliding plate can slide relative to the positioner and be clamped on the side of the small box fixture, a linkage rod for driving the sliding plate to slide in the second direction is arranged at the side of the sliding plate away from the small box fixture; a fixing block is arranged on the sliding plate, a clamping rod for clamping and fixing the upper side of the small box fixture is hinged to the fixing block, the clamping rod is arranged in an F shape, a locking brake for limiting the rotation of the clamping rod is arranged on the fixing block, a locking connecting rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the locking brake, and the two ends of the locking connecting rod are rotationally connected to the side wall of the locking brake and the clamping rod; when the locking brake rotates to the first direction, the clamping rod can be locked on the side wall of the small box fixture.

10. The welding equipment of claim 8, wherein, The top clamping mechanism comprises a support rod installed on the positioner, a rotating rod is hinged to the support rod, the rotating rod can rotate relative to the hinge point of the rotating rod and the support rod to abut against the upper side of the small box fixture, and a locking cylinder is arranged at the side of the rotating rod away from the small box fixture; a limiting component for limiting the rotation stroke of the rotating rod is further arranged on the positioner, and the limiting component is located on the side of the support rod facing the small box fixture.

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