Tunnel anchor rod orifice grouting stopping device and grouting stopping method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel anchor rod orifice grout stopping device and a grout stopping method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.The tunnel anchor rod orifice grout stopping device comprises a grout stopping plug which sequentially comprises a cylindrical section, a rear conical section and a front conical section, an active compensation ring is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical section, a pressure diaphragm is embedded in the rear conical section, a pressure relief hole is formed in the rear conical section, and a clamping piece is arranged at the upper end in the cylindrical section; comprising a connecting arm, a movable arm and an abutting block, the movable arm is arranged in the middle of the connecting arm, a connecting block is arranged at the rear ends of the connecting arm and the movable arm, the abutting block is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm, and the problems that due to the traditional technology that grouting is conducted firstly and then rod inserting is conducted, paddles fall down along the hole wall, the fullness of grout in a hole is insufficient, and the supporting effect of an anchor rod is affected are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth grouting device and a grouting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the anchor rod grouting construction of the top arch section of a tunnel project, when the "grouting first and rod inserting later" process is adopted, since the anchor rod hole is inclined upward, the grout is prone to falling along the hole wall under the action of gravity in the process of inserting the rod body, which results in insufficient grout fullness in the hole, affects the supporting effect and durability of the anchor rod, and the leakage of grout not only wastes materials but also increases the construction time and reduces the overall construction efficiency. Insufficient grout fullness will reduce the bonding strength between the anchor rod and the hole wall, affect the supporting effect, and may require rework in the later detection. Traditionally, fast-setting mortar is used to block the hole mouth, but the effect is limited, especially in the process of inserting the rod body, it is still difficult to completely prevent the leakage of grout.

[0003] In view of this technical problem, the present application provides a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth grouting device and a grouting method thereof, which effectively reduces the leakage of grout and improves the construction efficiency and reduces the rework rate by installing a grouting plug at the hole mouth. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth grouting device and a grouting method thereof, which solves the problem of insufficient grout fullness in the hole caused by the traditional grouting first and rod inserting later process, which affects the supporting effect of the anchor rod.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows: The present application provides a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth grouting device, which comprises a grouting plug, which comprises a cylindrical section, a rear tapered section and a front tapered section in sequence. A driving compensation ring is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical section. A pressure diaphragm is embedded in the interior of the rear tapered section, and a pressure relief hole is formed. A clamping member is arranged at the upper end of the interior of the cylindrical section, which comprises a connecting arm, a movable arm and an abutting block. The movable arm is arranged at the middle part of the connecting arm. The rear ends of the connecting arm and the movable arm are provided with a connecting block. The abutting block is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a plurality of grouting petals are arranged at the outer end of the cylindrical section. There are gaps between the grouting petals, which are movable joints. The material of the grouting petals is rubber. The driving compensation ring is helically embedded on the outer surface of the cylindrical section, which is a ring-shaped stainless steel spring sheet.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a scraping ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical section. The material of the scraping ring is a hard alloy double-edge blade. The lower end of the scraping ring is provided with a slanting slag discharge groove penetrating through the cylindrical segment.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the rear cone segment and the front cone segment are both provided with the passive compensation ring, the taper of which is adapted to both; The passive compensation ring is a double-layer silica gel film, including an outer silica gel film and an inner silica gel film, and an annular cavity filled with non-Newtonian fluid is formed between the two.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the rear cone segment and the front cone segment are both provided with the passive compensation ring, the taper of which is adapted to both; The depth of the expansion joint of the front cone segment is times the depth of the rear cone segment.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the inner wall of the rear cone segment is embedded with a pressure diaphragm; The pressure diaphragm includes a microporous membrane, a high-carbon steel elastic net and a silicone rubber matrix; The microporous membrane is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the pressure relief hole is a conical hole, the inner front end of which is provided with a conical valve core, and the rear end of the valve core is connected with a silicone rubber covering body; The valve core is gap-fitted with the inner wall of the pressure relief hole, and the fitting surface is coated with a lubricant.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the cylindrical segment is internally provided with three clamping pieces; A fixed block is fixed in the middle of the connecting arm, and the connecting block is rotationally connected with the fixed block; A guide groove is formed in the rear side of the connecting block and is slidingly connected with a guide strip arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical segment; A spring is arranged on one side of the connecting block.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the plug includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is wear-resistant nitrile rubber, the intermediate layer is high-elasticity natural rubber, and the inner layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0014] On the other hand, a method for stopping grouting of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth device includes the following steps: S1, machining and installing a segment, verifying the response of the pressure diaphragm and the interference amount of the scraping ring; S2, fixing the plug to the hole mouth and connecting a grouting pipe; S3, inserting an anchor rod, the scraping ring removing impurities, and the cone segment radially expanding and sealing; S4, grouting, the pressure diaphragm compensating for pressure fluctuations, and the pressure relief hole opening under overpressure; S5, the clamping piece locks the anchor rod; S6, maintaining the positive pressure until the slurry solidifies.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) The present application designs the stop grouting plug with multiple taper sections, which facilitates the insertion of the anchor rod while ensuring the sealing effect, and the compensation ring on the outside can compensate for changes in pressure and temperature, ensuring the sealing effect and improving the sealing performance of the stop grouting plug, ensuring that the grouting process does not leak, and the clamping piece abuts against the outer surface of the anchor rod to clamp the anchor rod, ensuring that the anchor rod is stable and fixed during the grouting process, preventing displacement of the anchor rod, and improving the connection strength of the stop grouting plug and the anchor rod; (2) The present application sets pressure diaphragms and pressure relief holes on the stop grouting plug, which can sense pressure changes and deform to trigger different compensation and pressure relief mechanisms, and the pressure relief holes can be opened and closed according to the gradual change in pressure to perform pressure relief work, effectively compensating for pressure fluctuations and ensuring stable grouting pressure; (3) The present application designs the stop grouting plug with a multi-layer structure, which improves wear resistance by directly contacting the hole surface with the outer layer, fills the gap between the hole walls by compressing the elastic middle layer, and provides lubrication by contacting the anchor rod with the inner layer, thereby prolonging the service life of the stop grouting plug.

[0016] In summary, the tunnel anchor rod hole grouting device improves the grouting quality, sealing effect and construction efficiency, prolongs the service life of the stop grouting plug, has strong adaptability, and can meet the grouting needs under different working conditions.

[0017] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a tunnel anchor rod hole grouting device disclosed by the present application; Figure 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a tunnel anchor rod hole grouting device disclosed by the present application; Figure 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a clamping piece of a tunnel anchor rod hole grouting device disclosed by the present application; Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a stop grouting plug of a tunnel anchor rod hole grouting device disclosed by the present application; Figure 5It is a cross-section structure schematic view of a passive compensation ring of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth stop grout device disclosed by the application; Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of a pressure diaphragm of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth stop grout device disclosed by the application; Figure 7 It is a cross-section structure schematic view of a pressure relief hole of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth stop grout device disclosed by the application; Figure 8 It is a cross-section structure schematic view of a pressure relief hole of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth stop grout device disclosed by the application; Figure 9 It is a flow schematic view of a stop grout method of a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth stop grout device disclosed by the application; The label explanation: 10, stop grout plug; 101, cylindrical section; 1011, stop grout petal; 1012, movable joint; 1013, active compensation ring; 1014, scraping ring; 1015, residue discharge groove; 102, rear cone section; 1021, passive compensation ring; 10211, outer silica gel film; 10212, inner silica gel film; 10213, non-Newtonian fluid; 1022, pressure diaphragm; 10221, microporous membrane; 10222, high-carbon steel elastic net; 10223, silicone rubber matrix; 1023, pressure relief hole; 10231, valve core; 10232, dovetail groove; 10233, silicone rubber covering body; 10234, guide telescopic rod; 103, front cone section; 1031, telescopic joint; 104, outer layer; 105, intermediate layer; 106, inner layer; 20, clamping part; 201, connecting arm; 202, movable arm; 203, connecting block; 204, guide groove; 205, spring; 206, abutting block; 207, fixed block; 208, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] See attached document Figures 1-7As shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a tunnel anchor rod hole mouth grout stopping device, comprising a grout stopping plug 10, the grout stopping plug 10 comprises a cylindrical section 101, a rear tapered section 102 and a front tapered section 103 in sequence, the outer end of the cylindrical section 101 is provided with a plurality of grout stopping petals 1011, there is a gap between the plurality of grout stopping petals 1011, the gap is a movable joint 1012, the grout stopping petals 1011 are made of rubber material, based on the material and design of the grout stopping petals 1011, the anchor rod is inserted into the grout stopping plug 10 and preliminarily clamped and fixed, the taper of the front tapered section 103 and the rear tapered section 102 is designed to be increasing, the taper angle of the rear tapered section 102 is twice that of the front tapered section 103, for example, the front tapered section 103 is guided to be inserted at a taper angle of 15°, and the rear tapered section 102 forms a compression seal at a taper angle of 30°, the outer side of the cylindrical section 101 is provided with a driven compensation ring 1013, the driven compensation ring 1013 is embedded on the outer surface of the cylindrical section 101 in a spiral shape, the driven compensation ring 1013 is an annular stainless steel spring piece, the elastic modulus is 190-210 GPa, and the end is laser welded to form a closed loop, the outer sides of the rear tapered section 102 and the front tapered section 103 are both provided with a passive compensation ring 1021, the inside of the rear tapered section 102 is embedded with a pressure diaphragm 1022, the inside of the rear tapered section 102 is provided with a pressure relief hole 1023, and the pressure relief hole 1023 and the pressure diaphragm 1022 are radially misaligned to avoid conflict between the pressure relief hole 1023 and the pressure diaphragm 1022. The clamping piece 20 is arranged at the inner upper end of the cylindrical section 101, close to the grout stopping petals 1011, and comprises a connecting arm 201, a movable arm 202, a connecting block 203 and an abutting block 206, the movable arm 202 is arranged at the middle part of the connecting arm 201, the rear ends of the connecting arm 201 and the movable arm 202 are both provided with the connecting block 203, and the abutting block 206 is arranged at the front end of the connecting arm 201.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application is also realized by the following technical solutions.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the cylindrical section 101 is provided with a scraping ring 1014, the inner diameter is smaller than that of the anchor rod by 0.1-0.2 mm, the scraping ring 1014 is designed by grooving a hard alloy base to form a valve structure, allowing the inner diameter to dynamically expand (such as 0.3 mm) to adapt to the concave-convex surface of the anchor rod, the valve elastically expands when scraping slag, impurities are guided into a slag discharge groove 1015 through the blade edge arc, the lower end of the scraping ring 1014 is provided with the slag discharge groove 1015, and the slag discharge groove 1015 penetrates the cylindrical section 101 obliquely.

[0028] Specifically, when the anchor rod is inserted, the cutting edge of the scraping ring 1014 contacts the surface of the rod body, scraping off the impurities on the surface of the rod body. The impurities enter the slag discharge groove 1015 along the arc of the cutting edge, and are pushed to the outside of the grout stop plug 10 by the inclined slag discharge groove 1015. Finally, they are carried out of the hole by the grouting pressure. The outer port of the slag discharge groove 1015 is designed with an flared opening, and the slag accumulated on the scraping ring 1014 is flushed in reverse by the external flushing pipe.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the passive compensation ring 1021 is adapted to the taper of the rear conical section 102 and the front conical section 103 and is embedded on the outer surface of both. The passive compensation ring 1021 is a double-layer silicone membrane design, including an outer silicone membrane 10211 and an inner silicone membrane 10212. The outer silicone membrane 10211 and the inner silicone membrane 10212 are concentric annular cavities, which are filled with a non-Newtonian fluid 10213. When the passive compensation ring 1021 receives pressure, the non-Newtonian fluid 10213 assists the sealing ring in triggering a shear thickening effect. Its sealing enhancement mechanism is that when the pressure increases to a certain level (such as exceeding 0.3MPa, which is a common pressure threshold in grouting projects, ensuring that the pressure relief hole 1023 remains closed under normal grouting pressure and opens in time when there is overpressure), the non-Newtonian fluid 10213 is subjected to a large shear force, triggering a shear thickening effect. The viscosity of fluid 10213 increases rapidly, becoming as hard as a solid. The hardened non-Newtonian fluid 10213 fills the gap between the rubber layer and the orifice wall, further enhancing the sealing effect. When the pressure drops, the non-Newtonian fluid regains its fluidity, the conical section elastically resets, and the passive compensation ring 1021 compensates for the small displacement caused by temperature changes or mechanical vibration through the elastic deformation of the double-layer silicone membrane, ensuring the sealing effect. Among them, the non-Newtonian fluid 10213 can be a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, which is a common shear-thickening fluid. Its concentration can be adjusted according to actual needs, generally between 10% and 30%. Non-Newtonian fluids are shear-thickening fluids (such as polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solutions). When subjected to a large shear force (such as pressure exceeding 0.3 MPa), its viscosity will increase rapidly, forming a near-solid state, filling the small gap between the conical section and the orifice wall, and enhancing the sealing effect.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, expansion joints 1031 are provided on the surfaces of the rear cone section 102 and the front cone section 103, which are designed in a "petal" shape and can unfold when compressed. The ratio of the depth of the expansion joint 1031 of the front cone section 103 to the depth of the rear cone section 102 is 2:1. For example, the depth of the expansion joint 1031 of the front cone section 103 is 4 mm and the depth of the rear cone section 102 is 2 mm. The deep groove in the front section facilitates the contraction and folding of the elastomer when inserted, and the shallow groove in the rear section forms a continuous sealing surface, so that the grout stop plug 10 is connected to the anchor rod more tightly. The cylindrical section 101, the rear cone section 102 and the front cone section 103 are welded.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the rear cone section 102 is internally provided with a plurality of through holes for installing pressure diaphragms 1022, the through holes are arranged in a circumferential array on the rear cone section 102 and are staggered at an angle of 45° with the overflow hole of the grouting pipe, the outer surface of the pressure diaphragm is flush with the outer diameter of the rear cone section 102, the pressure diaphragm 1022 is embedded on the inner wall of the rear cone section 102 through the through hole, one end of a flexible metal pipe embedded in the silicone rubber matrix 10223 of the pressure diaphragm 1022 is vulcanized and bonded with the matrix of the diaphragm, and the other end extends to the outer end surface of the grouting stopper 10, and is connected with the pressure interface on the side wall of the grouting pipe through a common pipe joint, the microporous membrane 10221, the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 and the silicone rubber matrix 10223 of the pressure diaphragm 1022 jointly act, the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 compensates the pressure fluctuation through mechanical elastic deformation, the silicone rubber matrix 10223 provides basic sealing, and the deformation difference between the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 and the silicone rubber matrix 10223 at temperature change is absorbed by the high elasticity of the silicone rubber (wherein, the difference in thermal expansion between the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 and the silicone rubber matrix 10223 is compensated by the high elasticity of the silicone rubber, the silicone rubber expands and fills the gap between the steel net at high temperature, and the silicone rubber elastically contracts to maintain the pre-tightening force at low temperature, and the deformation difference is absorbed by using the material itself), the diaphragm deforms correspondingly according to the pressure, thereby triggering different compensation and pressure relief mechanisms, the pressure diaphragm 1022 comprises: a microporous membrane 10221 made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, the pore size can be 0.1-0.2 μm, the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 has a reference mesh size of 0.4*0.4 mm and a yield strength of ≥450 MPa, and compensates the pressure fluctuation through mechanical deformation, the silicone rubber matrix 10223 has a reference Shore hardness of 50A, and the high-carbon steel net is phosphatized (film thickness 8-12 μm) and then molded to coat the silicone rubber.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the pressure relief hole 1023 is designed as a tapered hole, the inlet end is expanded by an angle of 2n°, which is used to reduce the resistance of high-pressure slurry flow and avoid pressure fluctuation caused by turbulence, and the outlet end is contracted by an angle of n°, which is used to prevent impurities from depositing and blocking. For example, the inlet end is expanded by an angle of 10°, the outlet end is contracted by an angle of 5°, the inlet end is the high-pressure side, the inlet end faces the inside of the stopper 10, contacts the pressure injection area, the outlet end is the low-pressure side, and the outlet end leads to the outside. A tapered valve core 10231 is arranged at the front end of the inside of the pressure relief hole 1023, the valve core 10231 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the pressure relief hole 1023, the fitting clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, the surface is coated with a lubricant with a thickness of 0.01 mm, and a friction-reducing material such as tungsten disulfide modified silicone oil is selected to reduce the movement resistance of the valve core 10231. The material must ensure the reliability of the opening and closing of the pressure relief hole. The tail of the valve core 10231 is connected to a silicone rubber covering body 10233, a stainless steel skeleton is embedded in the silicone rubber covering body 10233 to increase the rebound stiffness and provide nonlinear elastic force. The inside of the valve core 10231 and the silicone rubber covering body 10233 are both provided with embedded flanges that are adapted to dovetail grooves 10232 and are in interference fit with the dovetail grooves 10232. Plasma activation treatment is used to enhance adhesion. A guide telescopic rod 10234 is arranged between the silicone rubber covering body 10233 and the pressure relief hole 1023. The guide telescopic rod 10234 has an outer rod and an inner rod structure. The inner rod telescopes in the outer rod to guide and limit the valve core 10231.

[0033] The opening and closing mechanism of the pressure relief hole 1023: when the injection pressure exceeds the set threshold value (such as 0.3 MPa), the valve core 10231 moves backward, the rubber covering body 10233 is further compressed, the pressure relief channel is opened, the displacement is proportional to the pressure, and inversely proportional to the storage modulus of the silicone rubber covering body 10233. When the pressure falls, the silicone rubber covering body 10233 releases the pre-compression potential energy to push the valve core to reset and seal. The guide telescopic rod 10234 limits the deflection angle of the valve core. The reset mechanism of the silicone rubber covering body 10233: for example, the silicone rubber covering body is compressed to 10 mm (pre-compression rate 16.7%) during installation, and the storage modulus is 0.8 MPa (obtained by dynamic mechanical analyzer test). When the pressure decreases, the silicone elastic potential energy is released to move the valve core 10231 forward, and the telescopic rod 10234 is used for movement guidance.

[0034] In addition, the above temperature, pressure, time and other data need to be adjusted according to the actual use, and the numerical value is not fixed, and the whole device needs to be monitored regularly. For example, the valve core 10231 needs to be replaced when it is used for one month.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the inside of the cylindrical segment 101 is provided with at least three clamping pieces 20, the anchor rod is clamped by the clamping pieces 20, the middle part of the connecting arm 201 is fixed with a fixed block 207, the connecting block 203 is rotationally connected with the fixed block 207, the upper end of the movable arm 202 is installed on the connecting arm 201 through the fixed block 207, the connecting block 203 at the rear end of the connecting arm 201 is screw-connected with the cylindrical segment 101, used for fixing the position of the clamping piece 20, the rear side of the connecting block 203 at the rear end of the connecting block 203 is provided with a guide groove 204, the inner wall of the cylindrical segment 101 is installed with a guide strip which is slidingly connected with the guide groove 204, the guide strip is a convex strip which is adapted to the curvature of the cylindrical segment 101, and the guide groove 204 is also arc-shaped which is adapted to the guide strip and is fixed on the inner wall of the cylindrical segment 101, the length is designed according to the moving path of the connecting block 203, the front end of the movable arm 202 can rotate on the fixed block 207, the rear end can move along the guide strip and rotate on the connecting block 203 through the cooperation of the guide groove 204 and the guide strip, one side of the connecting block 203 is fixed with a spring 205, the other end of the spring 205 is fixedly connected with the cylindrical segment 101, one end of the spring 205 is welded to the side wall of the connecting block 203, and the other end is welded to the inner wall of the cylindrical segment 101, the pre-tightening force is achieved by welding after the pre-tightening force of the spring is compressed by a special tool, the spring 205 is pre-tightened during installation, which ensures that the clamping piece 20 remains closed before the anchor rod is inserted, the spring 205 is compressed when the connecting block 203 moves towards the spring 205, the connecting block 203 is limited by the counterforce of the compressed spring 205, limiting the movement of the movable arm 202, the movable arm 202 limits the movement of the connecting arm 201 with the abutting block 206, so that the abutting block 206 can tightly abut against the outside of the anchor rod, both ends of the movable arm 202 and the connecting arm 201 are fixed with rotating shafts 208, the abutting block 206 is rotationally connected with the connecting arm 201 through the rotating shafts 208, the end part of the movable arm 202 is conveniently rotated while moving through the rotating shafts 208, the outer surface of the abutting block 206 is wrapped with a rubber pad to avoid slipping, and the surface of the abutting block 206 is provided with a vertical arc-shaped groove to adapt to the curvature of the anchor rod, the connecting arm 201 and the movable arm 202 are rotationally connected with the connecting block 203 through the rotating shafts 208, the front end of the connecting arm 201 is rotationally connected with the connecting arm 201 through the rotating shafts 208, and the connecting ends of the rotating shafts 208 are screw-connected with stop blocks at the ends to avoid falling off of the connecting parts.

[0036] It should be noted that the pre-tightening force of the spring 205 should ensure that the clamping piece 20 can firmly clamp the anchor rod, while avoiding damage to the anchor rod or the grout stopper 10 due to excessive pre-tightening force, and the elastic coefficient needs to be designed according to the diameter, surface roughness of the anchor rod and vibration and pressure change during grouting to ensure that the clamping force can adapt to different working conditions.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the grouting stopper 10 comprises an outer layer 104, an inner layer 106 and an intermediate layer 105, which are designed in a concentric circular layer form in sequence, forming a wrapping relationship from outside to inside, the outer layer 104 is made of wear-resistant nitrile rubber material, directly contacts the hole surface, bears the scratch of the hole wall rock, the intermediate layer 105 is made of high-elastic natural rubber material, used to fill the gap between the hole wall, the inner layer 106 is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, contacts the anchor rod, reduces the insertion resistance of the anchor rod, avoids the secondary pollution of the scraping ring 1014, and the three-layer cooperative mechanism is that the nitrile rubber of the outer layer 104 resists the wear of the hole wall, the natural rubber of the intermediate layer 105 expands under the grouting pressure, fills the rock mass crack, and the polytetrafluoroethylene coating of the inner layer 106 reduces the insertion resistance of the anchor rod, avoids the secondary scraping of the scraping ring 1014.

[0038] Specifically, the grouting stopper 10 is manufactured as follows: Step 1: Molding the outer layer 104 of nitrile rubber, the temperature and pressure are designed according to the use requirement; Step 2: Coating the intermediate layer 105 of natural rubber on the surface of the unvulcanized outer layer 104; Step 3: The polytetrafluoroethylene coating of the inner layer 106 is sprayed by plasma, and the natural rubber layer is roughened by laser before plasma spraying, and a radial pre-compression force is applied during vulcanization.

[0039] Embodiment two

[0040] Referring to the accompanying Figure 8 The grouting stopper device for the tunnel anchor hole provided by the embodiment of the present application further provides a grouting stop method, which comprises the following steps: S1, using a special hole expanding drill bit to process the installation section, ensuring the flatness of the hole wall, verifying the response of the pressure diaphragm 1022 and the interference amount of the scraping ring 1014, wherein the response of the pressure diaphragm 1022 is verified by connecting the pressure diaphragm 1022 to a hydraulic test bench, taking 0.1 MPa as the step pressure increment, and determining the qualified standard of the pressure module 1022 according to the requirement; S2, pushing the grouting stopper into the hole installation section, fixing the grouting stopper 10 in the hole by locking components such as clamps, ensuring accurate position and reliable sealing, using a quick-inserting grouting pipe to communicate the grouting stopper 10, after installation is completed, water tightness test is carried out, if the water tightness does not meet the requirement, the clamp can be tightened, or measures such as adding a sealing ring / gasket are taken, for example: the test pressure is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa, and the leakage amount is less than or equal to 5 mL / min; S3, the anchor rod is aligned with the stopper 1011 of the stopper 10, slowly inserted, the anchor rod is inserted to the designed depth, and the scraping ring 1014 has no relative displacement with the anchor rod, with the insertion of the anchor rod, the scraping ring 1014 removes the impurities on the surface of the rod body, the impurities are guided out through the slag discharge groove 1015, the tapered part is expanded radially by extrusion and is in contact with the hole wall, that is, the front tapered section 103 and the rear tapered section 102 are expanded through the expansion joint 1031; S4, grouting is carried out through the grouting pipe, the pressure diaphragm 1022 deforms to compensate for pressure fluctuation, the pressure relief hole 1023 is opened when the pressure exceeds the pressure value of the predetermined material, such as > 0.3 MPa, the intermediate layer 105 of natural rubber generates radial compression deformation under the pressure of 0.3 MPa, enters the hole wall fracture, and realizes filling, after the pressure relief hole 1023 is opened, the pressure in the grouting pipe decreases to the pressure value of the predetermined material or below, and then the pressure relief hole 1023 is closed to continue grouting, and the grouting pressure is uniformly restored. S5, while the anchor rod is inserted, the abutting block 206 of the clamping part 20 is pushed, and the movable arm 202 connected through the connecting arm 201 moves along the inner wall of the cylindrical section 101, the clamping space formed between the clamping parts 20 is expanded, and the spring 205 is compressed by the connecting block 203. The elastic force based on the spring bears against the connecting block 203, the connecting block 203 supports the movable arm 202, and the bidirectional force makes the abutting block 206 abut against the outer surface of the anchor rod, so that the anchor rod is clamped. After clamping, the anchor rod is manually shaken, and a radial displacement amount ≤1mm is regarded as effective locking, otherwise the spring pre-tightening force is adjusted. Wherein: the bidirectional force principle, the anchor rod pushes the abutting block 206 → the connecting arm 201 rotates around the fixed block 207 → the movable arm 202 slides along the guide groove 204 → the spring 205 is compressed to generate a reverse clamping force; S6, during the solidification of the slurry, the pressure diaphragm 1022 maintains positive pressure within the set pressure threshold, the positive pressure maintaining time is ≥ the initial setting time of the concrete × 1.5, the temperature is 5-40℃, when the slurry solidifies and shrinks, the high-carbon steel elastic net 10222 of the pressure diaphragm 1022 elastically rebounds, pushes the silicone rubber matrix 10223 to deform outward, continuously extrudes the slurry to maintain positive pressure within the set pressure threshold, compensates for the volume shrinkage, and prevents shrinkage cavities. After the slurry solidifies, the grouting plug is disassembled, and the next step of construction is carried out.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] It should be understood that the particular order in which the steps of processes presented in the disclosure have been presented can be rearranged. Furthermore, various aspects of the disclosure can be used alone or in various combinations. In the appended claims, means-plus-function or step-plus-function clauses can have their application interpreted merely as open-ended limits of a particular combination of steps that are done on the apparatus, as specified in 35 U.S.C. § 112(f). However, the steps of the claims are not to be interpreted as requiring their performance in the order recited.

[0043] In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in single embodiments for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting a necessity to disclose features in any single patent application. Rather, the disclosure of the application is intended to cover all combinations of features specified in the disclosure that can be claimed in any single patent application. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0045] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium can be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium can reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

[0046] For a software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes can be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit can be implemented within the processor or external to the processor, in which case it can be communicatively coupled to the processor via various means as is known in the art.

[0047] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, not all possible combinations of components or methods described above can be claimed as embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that modifications and variations of the described embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the claims. Also, to the extent the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be interpreted as "comprising" rather than "consisting of." Additionally, where the term "or" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be interpreted as "nonexclusive or."

Claims

1. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device, characterized in that, It includes a grout stop plug (10), which includes a cylindrical section (101), a rear conical section (102) and a front conical section (103) in sequence. An active compensation ring (1013) is provided on the outer side of the cylindrical section (101), and a pressure diaphragm (1022) is embedded in the rear conical section (102) and a pressure relief hole (1023) is opened. The clamping member (20) is located inside the upper end of the cylindrical section (101) and includes a connecting arm (201), a movable arm (202) and an abutment block (206). The movable arm (202) is located in the middle of the connecting arm (201). The connecting arm (201) and the movable arm (202) are provided with a connecting block (203) at their rear ends. The abutment block (206) is located at the front end of the connecting arm (201).

2. A device for sealing the end of a tunnel anchor hole according to claim 1, characterised in that The outer end of the cylindrical section (101) is provided with a plurality of grout-stopping flaps (1011), and there are gaps between the grout-stopping flaps (1011), which are movable joints (1012). The grout-stopping flaps (1011) are made of rubber. The active compensation ring (1013) is spirally embedded on the outer surface of the cylindrical section (101) and is a ring-shaped stainless steel spring sheet.

3. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 2, characterized in that The inner wall of the cylindrical section (101) is provided with a scraping ring (1014), and the scraping ring (1014) is made of carbide double-edged blade. The lower end of the scraping ring (1014) is provided with a slag discharge trough (1015) that runs obliquely through the cylindrical section (101).

4. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 3, characterized in that The passive compensation ring (1021) is provided on the outer side of both the rear cone section (102) and the front cone section (103), and its taper is adapted to both. The passive compensation ring (1021) is a double-layer silicone membrane, including an outer silicone membrane (10211) and an inner silicone membrane (10212), which form an annular cavity filled with non-Newtonian fluid (10213).

5. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that Expansion joints (1031) are provided on the surfaces of both the rear cone section (102) and the front cone section (103), forming a petal-like design; The depth of the expansion joint (1031) of the front cone section (103) is twice the depth of the rear cone section (102).

6. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 5, characterized in that A pressure diaphragm (1022) is embedded in the inner wall of the rear conical section (102). The pressure diaphragm (1022) includes a microporous membrane (10221), a high-carbon steel elastic mesh (10222), and a silicone rubber matrix (10223). The microporous membrane (10221) is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 6, characterized in that The pressure relief hole (1023) is a tapered hole, and a tapered valve core (10231) is provided at the front end of the hole. The rear end of the valve core (10231) is connected to a silicone rubber covering body (10233). The valve core (10231) is fitted with the inner wall of the pressure relief hole (1023) with a clearance, and the mating surfaces are coated with lubricant.

8. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 7, characterized in that The cylindrical section (101) is provided with three clamping members (20) inside; A fixing block (207) is fixed in the middle of the connecting arm (201), and the connecting block (203) is rotatably connected to the fixing block (207); The connecting block (203) has a guide groove (204) on its rear side, which is slidably connected to the guide strip provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical section (101); The connecting block (203) is provided with a spring (205) on one side.

9. A tunnel anchor hole mouth grout stopping device according to claim 8, characterized in that The stop plug (10) comprises an outer layer (104), a middle layer (105) and an inner layer (106), the outer layer (104) is wear-resistant nitrile rubber, the middle layer (105) is high-elastic natural rubber, and the inner layer (106) is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

10. A method for sealing a tunnel anchor hole mouth, applied to the tunnel anchor hole mouth sealing device of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, processing the installation section, verifying the response of the pressure diaphragm (1022) and the interference amount of the scraping ring (1014); S2, fixing the stop plug (10) to the orifice and connecting the grouting pipe; S3, inserting the anchor rod, the scraping ring (1014) removes impurities, and the tapered section expands radially to seal; S4, grouting, the pressure diaphragm (1022) compensates for pressure fluctuations, and the pressure relief hole (1023) opens under overpressure; S5, the clamping part (20) locks the anchor rod; S6, maintaining positive pressure until the grout solidifies.

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