Tolerance insensitive high-precision optical lens

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical lenses, and particularly relates to a tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens, which comprises a mixed refractive index lens group which is sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, the front group adopts a plastic aspherical mirror, and the rear group adopts a chalcogenide glass spherical mirror; the dynamic compensation mechanism is integrated with an MEMS micro actuator array and a silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens cone; a compensation path is optimized based on ZEMAX Monte Carlo simulation, and wavefront errors caused by temperature or vibration are corrected in real time; asymmetric optical path design: automatically adjusting the mirror spacing through a ray tracing reverse compensation model; the achromatic structure is characterized in that a double-gluing achromatic lens is arranged in front of a diaphragm; the double-gluing achromatic lens is made of K9 glass and SF11 glass. The method has the characteristics that the tolerance precision is very low, and a fine adjustment link of a high-precision lens is completely not needed, so that the assembly efficiency can be shortened by more than half of time. And the tolerance precision is low, so that the processing precision can be reduced, and the overall cost of the lens is obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical lens technology, specifically relating to tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lenses. Background Technology

[0002] High-precision optical lenses are the core components of optoelectronic systems. Through precise optical design, they achieve micron-level imaging and measurement accuracy and are widely used in industrial inspection, semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace and other fields.

[0003] There are various ways to evaluate the high precision of an optical lens. The most common are its spatial resolution (MTF) and systematic wavelet aberration. Meeting the ultimate high precision requirements of an optical lens often requires high-quality optical design, high-precision optical processing, and high-precision optical assembly. From the perspective of optical design tolerance analysis, a high yield rate is only considered a successful optical design after analyzing the optical design results, the influence of optical processing, and the errors in optical assembly.

[0004] Therefore, this invention discloses a tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens, characterized by its very low tolerance precision, which completely eliminates the need for fine-tuning typical of high-precision lenses, thus reducing assembly time by more than half. Because of the low tolerance precision, manufacturing precision can also be reduced, significantly lowering the overall cost of the lens.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] Tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lenses, including:

[0008] Mixed refractive index lens group: arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. The front group uses a plastic aspherical lens, and the rear group uses a chalcogenide glass spherical lens. The plastic aspherical lens used in the front group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.63 ± 0.005 and an Abbe number of Vd = 23.6 ± 0.5; the chalcogenide glass spherical lens used in the rear group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.85 ± 0.002 and an Abbe number of Vd = 26.5 ± 0.5; and the difference in Abbe number between the front and rear groups is ΔVd ≥ 25.

[0009] Dynamic compensation mechanism: integrates a MEMS micro-actuator array with a silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel; MEMS micro-actuator array: stroke ±15μm, resolution 0.1μm; silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel: coefficient of thermal expansion α=2.1×10 -6 / Kvs8.6×10 -6 / K; Based on ZEMAX Monte Carlo simulation, the compensation path is optimized to correct wavefront errors caused by temperature or vibration in real time; RMS < λ / 50 @ 632.8nm;

[0010] Asymmetric optical path design: The inter-mirror spacing is automatically adjusted through a ray tracing inverse compensation model, the air gap tolerance is extended to ±0.1mm, and the PV value of the front aspherical mirror surface shape tolerance is ≤λ / 20; the traditional PV is ≤λ / 50.

[0011] Achromatic structure: A cemented doublet achromatic lens is placed in front of the aperture; the cemented doublet achromatic lens uses K9 glass and SF11 glass; the Abbe number difference ΔVd=32, so that the axial chromatic difference is <0.05μm when Δλ=50nm.

[0012] Preferably, the plastic aspherical mirror adopts a freeform surface optimization algorithm; Zernike polynomial fitting, order ≥8, compensates for assembly offset ±25μm, and the MTF remains >0.3 (spatial frequency 100lp / mm) at the edge field of view (half field of view angle 25°);

[0013] The curvature radius tolerance of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is relaxed to ±0.05mm, and lateral chromatic aberration is suppressed by double-cemented achromatic lenses.

[0014] Preferably, the MEMS micro-actuator array is based on piezoelectric ceramic drive; the voltage range of the MEMS micro-actuator array is 0-150V, the response time of the MEMS micro-actuator array is <10ms, and real-time deformation compensation is achieved through PID closed-loop control algorithm with a compensation accuracy of ±0.01μm;

[0015] The interfacial thermal resistance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ≤0.5 K·mm. 2 When / W and ΔT = 80℃, the axial offset of the mirror assembly is <5μm and the radial offset is <0.5μm.

[0016] Preferably, the total lens length (TTL) and effective focal length (F) satisfy TTL / F≤4.5, and the aperture diameter (D) corresponding to the maximum field of view (FOV) and image height (H) satisfy:

[0017] (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤25;

[0018] The refractive power distribution of the aspherical mirrors satisfies the following conditions: the refractive power of the front group of aspherical mirrors is D1 = -2.5D to -4.0D, the refractive power of the rear group of aspherical mirrors is D2 = +3.0D to +5.0D, and the refractive power gradient ΔD / Δz ≤ 0.1% / mm.

[0019] Preferably, the dynamic compensation mechanism includes a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and the data is fused using a Kalman filter algorithm, with a compensation delay of <20ms; wherein the accuracy of the temperature sensor is ±0.1℃, and the accuracy of the strain sensor is ±1με.

[0020] The thickness tolerance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ±0.02mm, the surface roughness Ra≤0.5nm, and the mirror surface shape PV value≤λ / 50.

[0021] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature radius of the bonding surface of the double-laminated achromatic lens is 1:1.2, the thickness of the bonding layer is λ / 4, λ=632.8nm, the bonding process uses UV-cured epoxy resin, the refractive index of the UV-cured epoxy resin is n=1.56, and the curing shrinkage rate of the UV-cured epoxy resin is <0.1%.

[0022] The aperture stop features a variable aperture design; F / 2.8-F / 16; the aperture blades are made of Invar alloy, with a thermal expansion coefficient α = 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / K, thermally induced aperture displacement compensation error <0.01mm.

[0023] Preferably, the lens supports modular expansion, and the system automatically reconfigures the control strategy after adding a fuel cell stack, improving the expansion efficiency by 50%, and is compatible with 1-inch C-interface, 25mm F-interface and customized interfaces;

[0024] The lens exhibits an MTF decrease rate of <1%, focal length drift of <0.01mm, and distortion of <0.05% under conditions of ΔT = 80℃.

[0025] Preferably, the aspherical mirror is manufactured using diamond turning or molding glass forming, with a surface defect density of <1 defect / cm². 2 Among them, the surface accuracy of diamond turning is PV≤λ / 30; the surface accuracy of molded glass is PV≤λ / 25.

[0026] The coating of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is a multilayer dielectric film; the reflectivity of the multilayer dielectric film is R < 0.5% @ 400-700nm, and the stress difference of the film layer is Δσ < 50MPa.

[0027] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0028] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens, characterized by its very low tolerance precision, which eliminates the need for fine-tuning typical of high-precision lenses, thus reducing assembly time by more than half. Because of the low tolerance precision, manufacturing precision can also be reduced, significantly lowering the overall cost of the lens.

[0029] In this invention, tolerances are improved: the tolerances of key components are relaxed to 1 / 2 to 1 / 5 of the traditional tolerances, reducing processing and inspection difficulties. Assembly efficiency is doubled: the dynamic compensation mechanism replaces manual adjustment, shortening assembly time by more than 50%. Cost optimization is significant: the aspherical lens adopts a low-cost molding process, and the tolerances of chalcogenide glass are relaxed, reducing overall costs by 30%-40%. Environmental adaptability is enhanced: the thermal expansion coefficient matching design reduces the complexity of the compensation mechanism, improving reliability. Performance indicators are stable: the MTF remains ≥0.3@100lp / mm after the tolerances are relaxed, meeting high-precision requirements. Assembly efficiency is improved: traditional lenses require 12 hours of manual adjustment; this invention completes the process automatically within 6 hours. Processing costs are reduced: the unit cost of the aspherical lens is reduced from ¥200 to ¥150, and the cost of the chalcogenide glass lens is reduced from ¥180 to ¥120. Environmental performance is optimized: at ΔT=80℃, the MTF50 decrease rate is <1%, and the focal length drift is <0.01mm. Through the above design, this lens maintains high performance while significantly reducing manufacturing and assembly costs, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is the optical path diagram of the optical lens in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a screenshot of the sensitivity analysis results in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a screenshot of the Monte Carlo analysis results in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens includes:

[0035] Mixed refractive index lens group: arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. The front group uses a plastic aspherical lens, and the rear group uses a chalcogenide glass spherical lens. The plastic aspherical lens used in the front group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.63 ± 0.005 and an Abbe number of Vd = 23.6 ± 0.5; the chalcogenide glass spherical lens used in the rear group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.85 ± 0.002 and an Abbe number of Vd = 26.5 ± 0.5; and the difference in Abbe number between the front and rear groups is ΔVd ≥ 25.

[0036] Dynamic compensation mechanism: integrates a MEMS micro-actuator array with a silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel; MEMS micro-actuator array: stroke ±15μm, resolution 0.1μm; silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel: coefficient of thermal expansion α=2.1×10 -6 / Kvs8.6×10 -6 / K; Based on ZEMAX Monte Carlo simulation, the compensation path is optimized to correct wavefront errors caused by temperature or vibration in real time; RMS < λ / 50 @ 632.8nm;

[0037] Asymmetric optical path design: The inter-mirror spacing is automatically adjusted through a ray tracing inverse compensation model, the air gap tolerance is extended to ±0.1mm, and the PV value of the front aspherical mirror surface shape tolerance is ≤λ / 20; the traditional PV is ≤λ / 50.

[0038] Achromatic structure: A cemented doublet achromatic lens is placed in front of the aperture; the cemented doublet achromatic lens uses K9 glass and SF11 glass; the Abbe number difference ΔVd=32, so that the axial chromatic difference is <0.05μm when Δλ=50nm.

[0039] High-order dispersion correction is achieved through the Abbe number difference design of the hybrid refractive index lens group. The Abbe number difference between the front plastic aspherical lens and the rear chalcogenide glass spherical lens is greater than or equal to 25, significantly reducing dispersion sensitivity. The dynamic compensation mechanism integrates a MEMS micro-actuator array and a silicon carbide titanium alloy composite lens barrel. Based on Monte Carlo simulation, the compensation path is optimized to correct wavefront errors caused by temperature or vibration in real time, eliminating the need for manual adjustment during assembly and improving assembly efficiency by more than 50%. The asymmetric optical path design automatically adjusts the lens spacing through a ray-tracing inverse compensation model, extending the air gap tolerance to ±0.1mm. The surface shape tolerance of the front aspherical lens is controlled within λ / 20, significantly reducing the dependence on machining accuracy.

[0040] Preferably, the plastic aspherical mirror adopts a freeform surface optimization algorithm; Zernike polynomial fitting, order ≥8, compensates for assembly offset ±25μm, and the MTF remains >0.3 (spatial frequency 100lp / mm) at the edge field of view (half field of view angle 25°);

[0041] The curvature radius tolerance of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is relaxed to ±0.05mm, and lateral chromatic aberration is suppressed by double-cemented achromatic lenses.

[0042] Plastic aspherical lenses employ a free-form surface optimization algorithm to compensate for assembly offsets of ±25μm, maintaining an MTF greater than 0.3@100lp / mm at the edge field of view and improving image uniformity. Chalcogenide glass spherical lenses have a curvature radius tolerance relaxed to ±0.05mm, combined with cemented doublet achromatic lenses to suppress lateral chromatic aberration, ensuring axial chromatic aberration is less than 0.05μm at Δλ=50nm. Aspherical lenses are manufactured using diamond turning or molding glass forming processes, achieving a surface defect density of less than 1 defect / cm². 2 The processing yield rate has been increased to 95%, and the cost per lens has been reduced by 25%.

[0043] Preferably, the MEMS micro-actuator array is based on piezoelectric ceramic drive; the voltage range of the MEMS micro-actuator array is 0-150V, the response time of the MEMS micro-actuator array is <10ms, and real-time deformation compensation is achieved through PID closed-loop control algorithm with a compensation accuracy of ±0.01μm;

[0044] The interfacial thermal resistance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ≤0.5 K·mm. 2 When / W and ΔT = 80℃, the axial offset of the mirror assembly is <5μm and the radial offset is <0.5μm.

[0045] MEMS micro-actuator arrays achieve ±15μm stroke and 0.1μm resolution based on piezoelectric ceramic actuation, with a response time of less than 10ms. Deformation is compensated in real time through a PID closed-loop control algorithm, achieving a compensation accuracy of ±0.01μm. The thermal resistance at the interface of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is less than 0.5K·mm. 2 When the mirror assembly has an axial offset of less than 5μm and a radial offset of less than 0.5μm at ΔT = 80℃, the accumulation of thermal stress is reduced and the cost of thermal management components is reduced by 20%.

[0046] Preferably, the total lens length (TTL) and effective focal length (F) satisfy TTL / F≤4.5, and the aperture diameter (D) corresponding to the maximum field of view (FOV) and image height (H) satisfy:

[0047] (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤25;

[0048] The refractive power distribution of the aspherical mirrors satisfies the following conditions: the refractive power of the front group of aspherical mirrors is D1 = -2.5D to -4.0D, the refractive power of the rear group of aspherical mirrors is D2 = +3.0D to +5.0D, and the refractive power gradient ΔD / Δz ≤ 0.1% / mm.

[0049] The ratio of total lens length to effective focal length is less than or equal to 4.5. The aperture and image height corresponding to the maximum field of view meet the compact design requirements, optimizing the optical path compactness. The diopter gradient of the front aspherical lens is less than 0.1% / mm, reducing aberration sensitivity, increasing assembly tolerance by 30%, and shortening manual adjustment time by 60%. The diopter distribution of the aspherical lens covers the range of -2.5D to +5.0D, adapting to focal length requirements in various scenarios.

[0050] Preferably, the dynamic compensation mechanism includes a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and the data is fused using a Kalman filter algorithm, with a compensation delay of <20ms; wherein the accuracy of the temperature sensor is ±0.1℃, and the accuracy of the strain sensor is ±1με.

[0051] The thickness tolerance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ±0.02mm, the surface roughness Ra≤0.5nm, and the mirror surface shape PV value≤λ / 50.

[0052] The dynamic compensation mechanism integrates temperature and strain sensors, and fuses the data using a Kalman filter algorithm, achieving a compensation delay of less than 20ms and improving stability under sudden temperature changes. The silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel has a thickness tolerance controlled within ±0.02mm, a surface roughness Ra≤0.5nm, and a mirror surface shape PV value≤λ / 50, reducing light scattering loss and increasing light transmittance to over 99.5%.

[0053] Preferably, the ratio of the curvature radius of the bonding surface of the double-laminated achromatic lens is 1:1.2, the thickness of the bonding layer is λ / 4, λ=632.8nm, the bonding process uses UV-cured epoxy resin, the refractive index of the UV-cured epoxy resin is n=1.56, and the curing shrinkage rate of the UV-cured epoxy resin is <0.1%.

[0054] The aperture stop features a variable aperture design; F / 2.8-F / 16; the aperture blades are made of Invar alloy, with a thermal expansion coefficient α = 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / K, thermally induced aperture displacement compensation error <0.01mm.

[0055] The cemented achromatic lens has a cemented surface curvature radius ratio of 1:1.2, a cemented layer thickness of λ / 4, and uses UV-cured epoxy resin with a refractive index of 1.56 and a curing shrinkage rate of less than 0.1%, resulting in an axial chromatic aberration of less than 0.05 μm at Δλ = 50 nm. The Invar alloy aperture blades have a thermal expansion coefficient of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / K, the thermally induced aperture displacement compensation error is less than 0.01mm, reducing the impact of temperature drift on the aperture position.

[0056] Preferably, the lens supports modular expansion, and the system automatically reconfigures the control strategy after adding a fuel cell stack, improving the expansion efficiency by 50%, and is compatible with 1-inch C-interface, 25mm F-interface and customized interfaces;

[0057] The lens exhibits an MTF decrease rate of <1%, focal length drift of <0.01mm, and distortion of <0.05% under conditions of ΔT = 80℃.

[0058] The modular expansion design supports automatic system reconfiguration control strategies after adding new fuel cells, improving expansion efficiency by 50%, and is compatible with C-interface, F-interface, and customized interfaces. At ΔT=80℃, the MTF descent rate is less than 1%, focal length drift is less than 0.01mm, and distortion is less than 0.05%, reducing environmental adaptability testing steps and shortening the certification cycle by 40%.

[0059] Preferably, the aspherical mirror is manufactured using diamond turning or molding glass forming, with a surface defect density of <1 defect / cm². 2 Among them, the surface accuracy of diamond turning is PV≤λ / 30; the surface accuracy of molded glass is PV≤λ / 25.

[0060] The coating of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is a multilayer dielectric film; the reflectivity of the multilayer dielectric film is R < 0.5% @ 400-700nm, and the stress difference of the film layer is Δσ < 50MPa.

[0061] Aspherical mirrors are achieved by diamond turning to obtain a surface accuracy of PV ≤ λ / 30 or by molding glass to obtain PV ≤ λ / 25, with a surface defect density of less than 1 defect / cm². 2 This improves the uniformity of optical image quality. The coating of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror uses a multilayer dielectric film with a reflectivity of less than 0.5% at 400-700nm and a film layer stress difference of less than 50MPa, reducing the risk of coating layer peeling and increasing the coating yield to 98%.

[0062] In this invention:

[0063] Improved tolerance: The tolerance of key components is relaxed to 1 / 2 to 1 / 5 of the traditional tolerance, reducing the difficulty of processing and inspection.

[0064] Assembly efficiency doubled: The dynamic compensation mechanism replaces manual adjustment, reducing assembly time by more than 50%.

[0065] Significant cost optimization: Aspherical lenses adopt a low-cost molding process, and the tolerance of chalcogenide glass is relaxed, resulting in an overall cost reduction of 30%-40%.

[0066] Enhanced environmental adaptability: The thermal expansion coefficient matching design reduces the complexity of the compensation mechanism and improves reliability.

[0067] Stable performance indicators: The MTF remains ≥0.3@100lp / mm even after tolerance is relaxed, meeting the requirements for high precision.

[0068] Improved assembly efficiency: Traditional lenses require 12 hours of manual adjustment; this invention can complete the process automatically within 6 hours.

[0069] Processing costs have been reduced: the cost per unit of aspherical mirrors has decreased from ¥200 to ¥150, and the cost of chalcogenide glass mirrors has decreased from ¥180 to ¥120.

[0070] Environmental performance: MTF50 reduction rate <1% at ΔT = 80℃, focal length drift <0.01mm.

[0071] Through the above design, this lens maintains high performance while significantly reducing manufacturing and assembly costs, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0072] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0073] This invention designs a high-precision optical lens with very low tolerance, eliminating the need for fine-tuning typical of high-precision lenses. This reduces assembly time by more than half. Because of the low tolerance, manufacturing precision can also be reduced, significantly lowering the overall cost of the lens. Figure 1 As shown,

[0074] Technical Specifications:

[0075] Aperture:

[0076] System focal length: 200mm

[0077] Field of view: 2w = ±2.5°

[0078] Wavelength: Visible light

[0079] System wave aberration: RMS better than 0.01λ@633nm

[0080] The pass rate is set at 0.03λ@633nm after the lens is finally assembled and adjusted, and the yield rate is set at 90%.

[0081] The tolerance values ​​of the high-precision, low-tolerance lens of this invention are compared with those of a conventional high-precision lens as follows:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, the theoretically designed RMS wavefront is 0.01λ.

[0085] Change: 0.018λ;

[0086] The expected final RMS wavefront is 0.028λ.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, Monte Carlo analysis of tolerance data showed a yield rate of over 90%; ultimately, nearly 200 sets of lenses were delivered to the customer, all without the use of precision fitting, with a pass rate of 98%.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens, characterized in that: include: Mixed refractive index lens group: arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. The front group uses a plastic aspherical lens, and the rear group uses a chalcogenide glass spherical lens. The plastic aspherical lens used in the front group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.63 ± 0.005 and an Abbe number of Vd = 23.6 ± 0.5; the chalcogenide glass spherical lens used in the rear group has a refractive index of Nd = 1.85 ± 0.002 and an Abbe number of Vd = 26.5 ± 0.5; and the difference in Abbe number between the front and rear groups is ΔVd ≥ 25. Dynamic compensation mechanism: integrates a MEMS micro-actuator array with a silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel; MEMS micro-actuator array: stroke ±15μm, resolution 0.1μm; silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel: coefficient of thermal expansion α=2.1×10 -6 / Kvs8.6×10 -6 / K; Based on ZEMAX Monte Carlo simulation, the compensation path is optimized to correct wavefront errors caused by temperature or vibration in real time; RMS < λ / 50 @ 632.8nm; Asymmetric optical path design: The inter-mirror spacing is automatically adjusted through the ray tracing inverse compensation model, the air gap tolerance is extended to ±0.1mm, and the PV value of the front aspherical mirror surface shape tolerance is ≤λ / 20. Achromatic structure: A cemented doublet achromatic lens is placed in front of the aperture; the cemented doublet achromatic lens uses K9 glass and SF11 glass; the Abbe number difference ΔVd=32, so that the axial chromatic difference is <0.05μm when Δλ=50nm.

2. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic aspherical mirror uses a free-form surface optimization algorithm to compensate for assembly offset of ±25μm, and the MTF remains >0.3 at the edge field of view; the spatial frequency is 100lp / mm. The curvature radius tolerance of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is relaxed to ±0.05mm, and lateral chromatic aberration is suppressed by double-cemented achromatic lenses.

3. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The MEMS micro-actuator array is based on piezoelectric ceramic drive; the voltage range of the MEMS micro-actuator array is 0-150V, the response time of the MEMS micro-actuator array is <10ms, and real-time deformation compensation is achieved through PID closed-loop control algorithm with a compensation accuracy of ±0.01μm; The interfacial thermal resistance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ≤0.5 K·mm. 2 When / W and ΔT = 80℃, the axial offset of the mirror assembly is <5μm and the radial offset is <0.5μm.

4. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The total lens length (TTL) and effective focal length (F) satisfy TTL / F≤4.5, and the aperture diameter (D) and image height (H) corresponding to the maximum field of view (FOV) satisfy: (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤25; The refractive power distribution of the aspherical mirrors satisfies the following conditions: the refractive power of the front group of aspherical mirrors is D1 = -2.5D to -4.0D, the refractive power of the rear group of aspherical mirrors is D2 = +3.0D to +5.0D, and the refractive power gradient ΔD / Δz ≤ 0.1% / mm.

5. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dynamic compensation mechanism includes a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and the data is fused through a Kalman filter algorithm, with a compensation delay of <20ms; wherein the accuracy of the temperature sensor is ±0.1℃, and the accuracy of the strain sensor is ±1με. The thickness tolerance of the silicon carbide-titanium alloy composite lens barrel is ±0.02mm, the surface roughness Ra≤0.5nm, and the mirror surface shape PV value≤λ / 50.

6. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The double-laminated achromatic lens has a lamination surface curvature radius ratio of 1:1.2, a lamination layer thickness of λ / 4, λ=632.8nm, and uses UV-cured epoxy resin for the lamination process. The UV-cured epoxy resin has a refractive index n=1.56 and a curing shrinkage rate of <0.1%. The aperture stop features a variable aperture design; F / 2.8-F / 16; the aperture blades are made of Invar alloy, with a thermal expansion coefficient α = 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 / K, thermally induced aperture displacement compensation error <0.01mm.

7. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lens supports modular expansion, and the system automatically reconfigures the control strategy after adding a fuel cell stack, improving expansion efficiency by 50%. It is compatible with 1-inch C-mount, 25mm F-mount, and customized interfaces. The lens exhibits an MTF decrease rate of <1%, focal length drift of <0.01mm, and distortion of <0.05% under conditions of ΔT = 80℃.

8. The tolerance-insensitive high-precision optical lens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aspherical mirror is manufactured using diamond turning or molding glass, with a surface defect density of <1 defect / cm². 2 Among them, the surface accuracy of diamond turning is PV≤λ / 30; the surface accuracy of molded glass is PV≤λ / 25. The coating of the chalcogenide glass spherical mirror is a multilayer dielectric film; the reflectivity of the multilayer dielectric film is R < 0.5% @ 400-700nm, and the stress difference of the film layer is Δσ < 50MPa.

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