Combined high-pressure water jet sand blasting nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined high-pressure water jet sand blasting nozzle which comprises a mounting seat and at least two spraying pieces fixed on the mounting seat, annular cavities with the same quantity as the spraying pieces are formed in the mounting seat at intervals, the annular cavities are connected in series through a water supply pipeline which is formed in the mounting seat, one end of the water supply pipeline is communicated with a water inlet, and a film sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the water supply pipeline. Fluid is injected into a cylindrical sealed containing cavity formed by the film sleeve and the inner wall of the water supply pipeline, and the fluid can flow in the containing cavity under the action of water pressure in the water supply pipeline. According to the structure, by arranging the membrane sleeve and the fluid, a dynamic pressure compensation mechanism can be formed in the water supply pipeline, and the water pressure difference between the inlet end and the far end of the water supply pipeline tends to be consistent. According to the dynamic pressure compensation mechanism, real-time adjustment can be conducted when water pressure in the water supply pipeline fluctuates, it is ensured that all the annular cavities obtain more stable water pressure, then the spraying kinetic energy difference of all the spraying pieces is reduced, and the uniformity of sand blasting descaling and rust removing is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the technical field of high-pressure water jet equipment, and particularly relates to a high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle is a key core component of a sandblasting and descaling and derusting cleaning device for a metal material surface such as steel. In the prior art, a high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle of an integrated structure is essentially formed by connecting multiple single high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles in series through a same water supply pipeline, and the water supply pipeline simultaneously supplies water to the multiple single high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles (for example, a kind of integrated high-pressure jet device disclosed in Chinese patent document CN208681355U). Since the water supply pipeline is relatively long, and each single high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle connected in series through the water supply pipeline consumes water in the water supply pipeline in real time, the water pressure in the water supply pipeline gradually decreases from the inlet end of the water supply pipeline to the distal end thereof, thereby causing differences in the jet kinetic energy of the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles, and further causing uneven sandblasting and descaling and derusting of the metal material surface.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle of the integrated structure to reduce the differences in the jet kinetic energy of the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles, thereby improving the uniformity of sandblasting and descaling and derusting of the metal material surface. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to reduce the differences in the jet kinetic energy of the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzles, thereby improving the uniformity of sandblasting and descaling and derusting of the metal material surface.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the present application adopts the following technical solution: The combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle comprises a mounting seat and at least two spray members fixed on the mounting seat, the mounting seat is spaced and formed with annular cavities in equal number with the spray members, each annular cavity is connected in series with a water supply pipeline which is formed in the mounting seat and has one end communicated with a water inlet, a membrane sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the water supply pipeline, a cylindrical sealed cavity formed between the membrane sleeve and the inner wall of the water supply pipeline is filled with a fluid which can flow in the cavity under the water pressure in the water supply pipeline. The structure can form a dynamic pressure compensation mechanism in the water supply pipeline by arranging the membrane sleeve and the fluid. When the water pressure at the inlet end of the water supply pipeline is much higher than that at the far end of the water supply pipeline, the fluid in the cavity at the inlet end is extruded by the water pressure and flows to the far end of the water supply pipeline, so that the cavity at the far end of the water supply pipeline is inflated, thereby reducing the diameter of the far end of the water supply pipeline and increasing the pressure of the water body at the far end of the water supply pipeline; when the water pressure difference between the inlet end and the far end of the water supply pipeline decreases, the extrusion force of the fluid in the cavity at the inlet end by the water pressure decreases, and part of the fluid at the far end flows back to the inlet end of the water supply pipeline, thereby reducing the inflation degree of the cavity at the far end of the water supply pipeline, relatively expanding the diameter of the far end of the water supply pipeline, and weakening the pressure increasing effect of the water body at the far end of the water supply pipeline. That is, the inflation degree of the cavity at the far end of the water supply pipeline dynamically changes with the water pressure difference between the inlet end and the far end of the water supply pipeline, and the fluid instantaneously redistributes in the sealed cavity, thereby adjusting the pressure increasing intensity of the water body at the far end of the water supply pipeline by the membrane sleeve and the fluid, compensating for the loss of water pressure at the far end, and making the water pressure difference between the inlet end and the far end of the water supply pipeline consistent. The dynamic pressure compensation mechanism can be adjusted in real time when the water pressure in the water supply pipeline fluctuates, ensuring that each annular cavity obtains more stable water pressure, thereby reducing the difference in jet kinetic energy of each spray member and improving the uniformity of sandblasting descaling and derusting.

[0006] The two parallel water supply pipelines are arranged on both sides of the annular cavities, and the middle section of one of the water supply pipelines is communicated with the water inlet; the annular cavities are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the water inlet. This central water inlet design enables the high-pressure water to be evenly distributed from the center to both sides, shortens the path of the water flow to the farthest annular cavity, and reduces the pressure loss along the way, thereby to some extent alleviating the problem that the water pressure gradually decreases from the inlet end to the far end; at the same time, through the symmetrical arrangement of the annular cavities, when the water flow flows from the middle section of the water supply pipeline, it symmetrically flows from the middle section to both ends of the water supply pipeline, the water flow paths of both ends are equal, and the water pressure losses are consistent, which can avoid the situation that the water pressure on one side of the annular cavity is higher and on the other side is lower when water is supplied on one side. Under the dual action, the water pressure of each annular cavity is more evenly distributed, further reducing the difference in jet kinetic energy of each spray member, and improving the uniformity of sandblasting descaling and derusting.

[0007] The mounting base is also formed with a sediment cavity for containing impurities, which is connected with the annular cavity and is lower than the annular cavity. Since the water body in the annular cavity has to pass through the water nozzle into the sand-water mixing nozzle, the inner diameter of the water nozzle is very narrow. Therefore, when there are impurities in the water body, the impurities are easy to cause the water nozzle to be blocked, thereby affecting the smooth flow of the liquid. By arranging the sediment cavity and making the sediment cavity lower than the annular cavity, the impurities entering the annular cavity can fall into the sediment cavity under the action of gravity, thereby reducing the probability of the impurities entering and blocking the water nozzle.

[0008] The bottom end of the sediment cavity is blocked by a sealing member, and the two are connected in a detachable manner. The sediment cavity will accumulate impurities during long-term use. If the impurities cannot be cleaned, the impurities will gradually fill the sediment cavity and enter the annular cavity with the water flow, losing the function of containing impurities. The detachable sealing member allows the sediment cavity to be opened regularly for cleaning impurities, without the need to disassemble the entire mounting base, thereby reducing the difficulty and workload of maintenance. The cleaned sediment cavity can continue to play the function of impurity sedimentation, long-term guarantee of water flow cleanliness, and avoidance of water nozzle blockage caused by impurity accumulation, thereby ensuring the uniformity of sand blasting and descaling during long-term operation of the equipment.

[0009] The annular cavity and the sediment cavity are connected through a volute, and the input end of the volute is basically consistent with the tangential direction of the water flow in the annular cavity. The volute is a spiral channel, which looks like a snail shell, hence the name volute. The inlet end of the volute is connected with the annular cavity, and the outlet end of the volute is connected with the sediment cavity. The inlet end of the volute is higher than the outlet end, so as to introduce the impurities in the annular cavity at a high position into the sediment cavity at a low position. The design of the volute utilizes the centrifugal force of the water flow in the annular cavity to efficiently throw the heavier impurities into the sediment cavity along the tangential direction, thereby enhancing the impurity separation effect and reducing the impurity residue in the annular cavity, so as to reduce the probability of water nozzle blockage caused by impurity accumulation.

[0010] The cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity along the axial direction of the water supply pipeline at the intersection of the annular cavity and the water supply pipeline is larger than the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline, and the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline is located in the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity. This cross-sectional design can prevent the water flow from directly impacting the outer area of the annular cavity, thereby reducing the pressure drop of the water flow, ensuring uniform distribution of high-pressure water to each annular cavity, and further ensuring that each water nozzle connected with the annular cavity can obtain relatively uniform and stable pressure of high-pressure water, so as to reduce the difference in cleaning effect of each area on the surface of the object to be cleaned.

[0011] The membrane sleeve is made of elastic material. The elastic material enables the membrane sleeve to have good deformation ability, and when the water pressure in the water supply pipeline changes (such as the water pressure at the inlet end increases and the water pressure at the far end decreases), the membrane sleeve can adaptively adjust the volume at each part of the cavity through elastic deformation: when the water pressure at the inlet end increases, the membrane sleeve is squeezed and shrunk to push the fluid in the cavity to flow to the far end; when the water pressure at the far end decreases, the membrane sleeve elastically rebounds to push the fluid in the cavity to flow to the inlet end. This adaptive adjustment capability is more efficient than that of a non-elastic membrane sleeve, and can more accurately compensate for the water pressure loss along the water supply pipeline, ensuring uniform water pressure in each annular cavity and further reducing the difference in jet kinetic energy of the jet elements.

[0012] The jet element includes a sand supply pipe coaxially arranged with the annular cavity and fixed on the mounting seat, and a sand-water mixing nozzle, the sand supply pipe is in communication with the sand-water mixing nozzle, and the sand-water mixing nozzle is in communication with the annular cavity through a water nozzle formed on the mounting seat. The sand supply pipe and the sand-water mixing nozzle are arranged in a detachable connection mode, so that when the components are damaged, they can be individually replaced for easy maintenance.

[0013] The upper end of the annular cavity is open, and the jet element further comprises a gland detachably sealing the open upper end of the annular cavity. The open design cooperates with the detachable gland to facilitate maintenance personnel to visually inspect and clean the inside of the annular cavity, which is convenient to operate and does not require large-scale disassembly of the mounting seat, thereby reducing the complexity of maintenance and facilitating daily maintenance and fault handling of the equipment.

[0014] The sand supply pipe is detachably connected with the mounting seat or the gland. The sand supply pipe may be blocked or worn out after long-term use, and the detachable connection makes the replacement, maintenance and cleaning of the sand supply pipe more convenient and fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of the combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle; Figure 2 is a top view schematic diagram of the combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle; Figure 3 is a side view schematic diagram of the combined high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view schematic diagram of A-A in Figure 2 ; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view schematic diagram of B-B in Figure 1 ; Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view schematic diagram of A in Figure 5 ; Figure 7 is a flow schematic diagram of water in the mounting seat (the arrows represent water flow); Figure 8 isFigure 1 Cross-sectional view of the C-C; Figure 9 Fig. 1 is a perspective view (partly, in perspective) of the mounting seat.

[0016] The reference signs in the figures represent: 1, mounting seat; 11, annular cavity; 12, water supply pipeline; 13, water inlet; 131, filter screen; 14, membrane sleeve; 15, fluid; 16, sediment cavity; 17, sealing member; 18, snail way; 19, water nozzle; 10, limiting shoulder; 2, spray component; 21, sand supply pipeline; 211, shaft shoulder; 22, sand-water mixing nozzle; 221, locking member; 222, wear-resistant nozzle; 223, transition cone; 224, second pressing nut; 23, gland; 231, base plate; 232, connecting platform; 233, first pressing nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0018] EXAMPLE As Figures 1 to 9As shown, in the embodiment, the high-pressure water jet sandblasting nozzle group comprises a rectangular plate-shaped mounting seat 1, in which six annular cavities 11 are formed at intervals along the length direction thereof, each annular cavity 11 is connected in series through two linear water supply pipes 12 formed in the mounting seat 1 and arranged in parallel, the two water supply pipes 12 are arranged on both sides of the annular cavity 11 and penetrate the annular cavity 11, at the intersection of the annular cavity 11 and the water supply pipe 12, the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity 11 is larger than that of the water supply pipe 12, and the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipe 12 is located within the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavity 11. Specifically, the center line la of the annular cavity 11 is tangent to the center line lb of the water supply pipe 12, at the intersection of the annular cavity 11 and the water supply pipe 12, the center axis of the water supply pipe 12 is located at the geometric center of the rectangle surrounded by the bottom surface, the inner side wall, the outer side wall and the top surface of the annular cavity 11, i.e. the center axis of the water supply pipe 12 is away from the bottom surface and the top surface of the annular cavity 11 by H / 2 (where H is the vertical depth of the annular cavity 11), and the center axis of the water supply pipe 12 is away from the center axis of the annular cavity 11 by (D1) / 2 + (D2-D1) / 4 (where D1 is the diameter of the inner side wall of the annular cavity 11, and D2 is the diameter of the outer side wall of the annular cavity 11); and the hole diameters φd of the two water supply pipes 12 are equal and smaller than the vertical depth and the horizontal width of the annular cavity 11 (i.e. φd < H and φd < (D2-D1) / 2). In the middle of the mounting seat 1, a horizontally extending water inlet 13 is also formed, which is vertically connected to the middle of one water supply pipe 12, and each annular cavity 11 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the water inlet 13. The water flowing from the water inlet 13 is divided into two ends of one water supply pipe 12 and flows into the other water supply pipe 12 through the annular cavity 11, so as to form a vortex flow in the annular cavity 11 to use the centrifugal force to throw impurities towards the spiral channel 18 (the water flow is as shown in the figure). Figure 7 Specifically, a filter screen 131 is installed at the inlet end of the water inlet 13, and a thread for connecting an external high-pressure water inlet pipe is formed on the outer wall thereof.

[0019] Each annular cavity 11 is fixed with a spraying member 2, which comprises a sand supply pipe 21 and a sand-water mixing nozzle 22 coaxially arranged with the annular cavity 11 and fixed on the mounting base 1. The sand supply pipe 21 is arranged in a linear tubular structure, with its inlet end protruding from the upper surface of the mounting base 1 and its outlet end inserted into the inner cavity of the sand-water mixing nozzle 22 through the mounting base 1. The top of the mounting base 1 is flat, and the upper end of the annular cavity 11 is open. Six gaskets 23 are arranged on the top of the mounting base 1, each gasket 23 sealing one annular cavity 11. Between the top surface of the mounting base 1 and the bottom surface of the gasket 23, a sealing ring is arranged on the inner and outer sidewalls of the annular cavity 11. Specifically, the gasket 23 comprises a rectangular base plate 231 attached to the upper surface of the mounting base 1, a cylindrical connecting platform 232 protruding upward in the middle of the base plate 231, and a channel in the center of the base plate 231 and the connecting platform 232 adapted to the sand supply pipe 21, with threads formed on the outer wall of the connecting platform 232. To limit the forward and backward movement of the base plate 231, a limiting shoulder 10 is formed on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the mounting base 1, and the base plate 231 is clamped in the gap between the two limiting shoulders 10. Further, the base plate 231 and the mounting base 1 are fixed by four evenly circumferential screws around the annular cavity 11. The upper segment of the sand supply pipe 21 is formed with a shaft shoulder 211, which is attached to the top end of the connecting platform 232 and clamps a sealing ring therebetween. A first compression nut 233 is screwed onto the connecting platform 232, which pushes the shaft shoulder 211 tightly against the top end of the connecting platform 232. In other embodiments, the upper end of the annular cavity 11 can also be closed, and in this case, the sand supply pipe 21 is directly connected to the mounting base 1 without the gasket 23.

[0020] The sand-water mixing nozzle 22 comprises a locking member 221 detachably fixed on the lower side of the mounting base 1, which is arranged in a hollow rotary body structure and is threadedly connected to the connecting hole formed on the lower side of the mounting base 1. The inner side of the locking member 221 detachably installs a wear-resistant nozzle 222, and a transition cone 223 is clamped in the gap between the wear-resistant nozzle 222 and the mounting base 1, which is arranged in a cylindrical rotary structure with a hollow cone on the inner side. Specifically, the lower segment of the locking member 221 is screwed with a second compression nut 224, which abuts against the lower end of the wear-resistant nozzle 222. Under the pushing of the second compression nut 224, the wear-resistant nozzle 222 squeezes the transition cone 223. Further, a sealing ring is clamped between the locking member 221 and the second compression nut 224. Further, the middle segment of the locking member 221 protrudes outward in a hexagonal prism shape for easy disassembly.

[0021] Four water nozzles 19 are evenly formed on the mounting base 1 along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity 11, one end of the water nozzle 19 is communicated with the annular cavity 11, and the other end is communicated with the inner cavity of the sand-water mixing nozzle 22. The center lines of the water nozzles 19 converge at a point or a straight line. The water nozzle 19 is a drill hole on the mounting base 1, or the water nozzle 19 is an independent structure and is embedded on the mounting base 1.

[0022] In the embodiment, the inner wall of the water supply pipeline 12 is provided with an elastic film sleeve 14 made of rubber. A cylindrical sealed cavity is formed between the film sleeve 14 and the inner wall of the water supply pipeline 12, and a fluid 15 is injected into the cavity. The fluid 15 can flow in the cavity under the action of water pressure in the water supply pipeline 12. The mounting base 1 is also formed with a sediment cavity 16 for containing impurities, which is communicated with the annular cavity 11 and is lower than the annular cavity 11. The bottom end of the sediment cavity 16 is sealed by a sealing member 17, and the two are connected in a detachable manner. The annular cavity 11 and the sediment cavity 16 are communicated through a volute 18, and the input end of the volute 18 is basically consistent with the tangent direction of the water flow in the annular cavity 11.

[0023] Although the present application has been disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any skilled person in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, which does not depart from the content of the technical solutions of the present application, shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. Combined high-pressure water jet and sandblasting nozzle, comprising a mounting base (1) and at least two nozzle elements (2) fixed to the mounting base (1), characterized in that: The mounting base (1) is spaced and formed with annular cavities (11) in an amount equal to the spray elements (2), each of the annular cavities (11) is connected in series with a water supply pipeline (12) which is formed in the mounting base (1) and has one end connected in communication with a water inlet (13), the inner wall of the water supply pipeline (12) is provided with a membrane sleeve (14), a cylindrical sealing cavity formed between the membrane sleeve (14) and the inner wall of the water supply pipeline (12) is filled with a fluid (15), and the fluid (15) can flow in the cavity under the action of water pressure in the water supply pipeline (12).

2. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The two parallel water supply pipelines (12) are arranged on both sides of the annular cavities (11), and the middle section of one of the water supply pipelines (12) is connected in communication with the water inlet (13); each annular cavity (11) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the water inlet (13).

3. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that The mounting base (1) is further formed with a sediment cavity (16) connected in communication with the annular cavities (11) and used for accommodating impurities, and the sediment cavity (16) is lower than the annular cavities (11).

4. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that The bottom end of the sediment cavity (16) is blocked by a sealing member (17), and the two are connected in a detachable manner.

5. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular cavities (11) and the sediment cavity (16) are connected in communication through a volute (18), and the input end of the volute (18) is consistent with the tangential direction of the water flow in the annular cavities (11).

6. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that In the projection of the annular cavities (11) and the water supply pipeline (12) along the axial direction of the water supply pipeline (12) at the intersection, the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavities (11) is greater than the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline (12), and the cross-sectional projection of the water supply pipeline (12) is located in the cross-sectional projection of the annular cavities (11).

7. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The membrane sleeve (14) is made of an elastic material.

8. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The spray element (2) includes a sand supply pipe (21) coaxially arranged with the annular cavities (11) and fixed on the mounting base (1), and a sand-water mixing nozzle (22), the sand supply pipe (21) is connected in communication with the sand-water mixing nozzle (22), and the sand-water mixing nozzle (22) is connected in communication with the annular cavities (11) through a water nozzle (19) formed in the mounting base (1).

9. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that The upper end of the annular cavities (11) is open, and the spray element (2) further includes a gland (23) which detachably seals the open upper end of the annular cavities (11).

10. The combined high-pressure waterjet and sandblasting nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that The sand supply pipe (21) is detachably connected with the mounting base (1), or the sand supply pipe (21) is detachably connected with the gland (23).

Images