Refrigerating machine room energy efficiency optimization layout method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a refrigerating machine room energy efficiency optimization layout method and system, and relates to the technical field of refrigerating machine room optimization layout, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an initial design blueprint of a refrigerating machine room; performing annual air conditioner cooling load simulation based on the building where the refrigerating machine room is located to obtain an hourly load table; optimizing the cooling unit based on the hourly load table to obtain an optimized cooling unit; optimizing the cooling tower based on the characteristics of the building to obtain an optimized cooling tower; selecting an initial water pump based on the water pump type; based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower and the initial water pump, the initial design blueprint is combined to carry out optimized layout on the refrigerating machine room, and an initial machine room model is obtained; sequentially performing low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization based on the initial machine room model to obtain a final optimized machine room model; and on-site construction of the refrigerating machine room is guided based on the final optimized machine room model. And high-energy-efficiency optimization is realized in the deepening design stage of the refrigerating machine room, so that the overall energy efficiency ratio of the refrigerating machine room is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration room optimization layout technology, and more specifically to a method and system for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of refrigeration rooms. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the plan indicates that by 2025, over 50 million square meters of ultra-low energy consumption and near-zero energy consumption buildings will be constructed. Air conditioning systems account for as much as 45% of the overall building energy consumption, and refrigeration systems account for 65% of air conditioning systems. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of refrigeration rooms is crucial for constructing ultra-low energy consumption buildings. Constructing high-efficiency data centers has become an important part of reducing overall building energy consumption and adapting to the service demands of the future building market.

[0003] Traditional detailed design of chiller rooms only considers feasibility during construction, focusing on the comprehensive layout of pipelines according to the pipe dimensions and equipment locations in the design blueprints. The primary requirement is to guide construction, and equipment selection is based on the parameters provided in the design blueprints. Under this approach, the energy efficiency reference value (EER, the ratio of total cooling capacity of the air conditioning system to the total power consumption of the chiller room) is generally around 3.5-4.5, which is still some distance from the authoritative ASHRAE standard of 5.0. Traditional detailed design methods fail to meet the requirements of high-efficiency chiller rooms for several main reasons: 1. Blueprints typically perform static load calculations based on standard operating conditions (such as design temperature and full-load operation), which represent the maximum annual load. However, in actual operation, load fluctuations are frequent (such as seasonal changes, diurnal temperature variations, and changes in pedestrian traffic), and the time when the maximum annual load is reached may only be a small portion. This overestimation of the load leads to larger equipment parameter selections. In actual operation, due to compressor characteristics, the energy efficiency ratio of large-capacity units decreases significantly at low loads. 2. Design blueprints may prioritize controlling initial investment, selecting low-cost but high-energy-consuming equipment such as chillers, pumps, and cooling towers. 3. The integrated pipeline layout approach in BIM for chiller rooms is outdated, focusing only on meeting process requirements without optimizing the hydraulic system. This results in an excessively high proportion of energy consumption in water system distribution, leading to unnecessary energy waste and increasing the overall energy consumption of the chiller room.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve high energy efficiency optimization during the detailed design phase of a refrigeration room, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration room, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the layout of a refrigeration room, which achieves high energy efficiency optimization in the detailed design stage of the refrigeration room, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration room.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room includes:

[0008] Obtain the initial design blueprints for the refrigeration room;

[0009] Based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, an annual air conditioning cooling load simulation was performed to obtain an hourly load table;

[0010] Based on the hourly load table, the cooling unit is optimized to obtain an optimized cooling unit;

[0011] The cooling tower was optimized based on the characteristics of the building in question, resulting in an optimized cooling tower.

[0012] Select the initial water pump based on the water pump type;

[0013] Based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump, combined with the initial design blueprint, the layout of the refrigeration room is optimized to obtain the initial room model.

[0014] Based on the initial computer room model, low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization are performed sequentially to obtain the final optimized computer room model.

[0015] The final optimized data center model guides the on-site construction of the refrigeration data center.

[0016] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining the hourly load table is as follows:

[0017] Based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, a model is created and the thermal parameters of the external building envelope, the calculated air conditioning temperature of the building location, the typical annual air temperature and humidity, the building lighting and personnel flow are input to obtain the hourly load table for a total of 8760 hours in the typical year.

[0018] In one embodiment, the optimized cooling unit specifically includes:

[0019] Peak load and annual load hours statistics are obtained based on the hourly load table.

[0020] The maximum capacity of the cooling unit is determined based on the peak load.

[0021] The optimal unit combination scheme for the cooling units is determined based on the load percentage time in the annual load hour statistics.

[0022] Obtain the COP curves of different types of cooling units under different percentage loads;

[0023] Based on the COP curve, the cooling unit type that matches the hourly load table is selected as the optimal model;

[0024] The optimized cooling unit is obtained by combining the maximum capacity, the optimal unit combination scheme, and the optimal unit type.

[0025] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining peak load and annual load hours statistics is as follows:

[0026] The peak load is selected based on the hourly load table;

[0027] Based on the peak load as the building's 100% load, multiple load intervals are obtained by dividing the load into intervals of 10% reduction.

[0028] The duration of each load interval throughout the year is calculated to obtain the annual load hours statistics.

[0029] In one embodiment, the optimized cooling tower specifically includes:

[0030] Based on the characteristics of the building, the type of cooling tower was selected.

[0031] The cooling tower uses a corrugated packing arrangement to increase the contact area between the packing and the air, thus achieving the optimal packing arrangement.

[0032] The optimal water distribution system is obtained by using variable flow water distribution nozzles based on the cooling tower water distribution system.

[0033] The optimized cooling tower is obtained by combining the cooling tower type, optimal packing arrangement, and optimal water distribution system.

[0034] In one embodiment, obtaining the initial data center model specifically includes:

[0035] Based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump, the corresponding equipment selection dimensions are determined.

[0036] Based on the selected equipment dimensions, the cooling room is converted into a three-dimensional model for construction reference according to the initial design blueprint. The layout is then comprehensively optimized based on the three-dimensional model, which serves as the initial room model.

[0037] In one embodiment, the low water resistance optimization specifically includes:

[0038] Based on the initial computer room model, CFD water resistance simulation was performed, hydraulic calculations were refined, and areas with high water resistance were selected for optimization.

[0039] The branch pipes for entering and exiting the equipment are connected to the horizontal pipes at a 45° angle.

[0040] Relocate equipment to reduce unnecessary routes and reserve space for mitered pipe connections;

[0041] Traditional Y-type filters use low-resistance filters;

[0042] Use a water-flow bend.

[0043] In one embodiment, the initial pump parameter optimization specifically includes:

[0044] After the low water resistance optimization, the local resistance and friction resistance of the chilled water and cooling water pipes in the computer room are calculated to determine the optimized pump head.

[0045] The optimal pump is selected based on the pump head and the initial pump.

[0046] In one embodiment, the final optimized data center model is obtained, specifically including:

[0047] After performing low water resistance optimization based on the initial data center model, the initial optimized data center model is obtained.

[0048] The final optimized data center model is obtained by replacing the initial water pump in the initial optimized data center model with the optimal water pump.

[0049] A chiller room energy efficiency optimization layout system includes: a blueprint acquisition module, a chiller unit optimization module, a cooling tower optimization module, an initial layout acquisition module, and a final layout output module;

[0050] The blueprint acquisition module is used to acquire the initial design blueprint of the refrigeration room;

[0051] The cooling unit optimization module is used to simulate the annual air conditioning cooling load based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, and obtain an hourly load table; and optimize the cooling unit based on the hourly load table to obtain an optimized cooling unit.

[0052] The cooling tower optimization module is used to optimize the cooling tower based on the characteristics of the building to obtain an optimized cooling tower.

[0053] The initial layout acquisition module is used to select an initial water pump based on the water pump type; and to optimize the layout of the refrigeration room based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump in conjunction with the initial design blueprint to obtain an initial room model.

[0054] The final layout output module is used to perform low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization sequentially based on the initial computer room model to obtain the final optimized computer room model; and to guide the on-site construction of the refrigeration room based on the final optimized computer room model.

[0055] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method and system for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. Equipment Selection Optimization Based on Precise Load Simulation: This invention inserts a full-year load simulation during equipment selection to generate an hourly load table for the building. Based on this, a detailed analysis of the energy consumption economic indicators of the computer room is conducted, serving as the basis for equipment parameter optimization. According to the hourly load table generated by the simulation, more economical equipment parameters are selected. At the same time, high-efficiency equipment, such as magnetic levitation compressor chillers, low-resistance impeller pumps, and highly hydrophilic packed cooling towers, is selected to reduce performance losses at the equipment level, thereby achieving the high energy efficiency requirements of the computer room.

[0057] 2. Comprehensive Low-Water-Resistance Layout Optimization: In the comprehensive layout of the computer room pipelines, a low-water-resistance design is implemented for the entire computer room. Based on the system blueprint, detailed design is carried out to optimize equipment locations and rearrange pipeline routes. BIM technology combined with CFD fluid simulation is used to comprehensively optimize the hydraulic design of the pipelines, employing methods such as long-radius elbows, straight-line tees, 45° elbows, and inclined pipes at equipment outlets to reduce pipeline water resistance and thus comprehensively optimize overall energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room is provided by the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the 8760-hour dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature curves for the Beijing area provided by this invention.

[0061] Figure 3 The building load simulation distribution diagram provided for this invention.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annual load hours provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the performance curve of the water pump and the characteristic curve of the pipeline network provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the original design layout of the refrigeration room provided for this invention.

[0065] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optimized refrigeration room layout provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room, including:

[0069] Obtain the initial design blueprints for the refrigeration room;

[0070] Based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, the annual air conditioning cooling load is simulated to obtain an hourly load table;

[0071] The optimized cooling unit was obtained by optimizing the cooling unit based on the hourly load table;

[0072] The cooling tower is optimized based on the characteristics of the building, resulting in an optimized cooling tower.

[0073] Select the initial water pump based on the water pump type;

[0074] Based on the optimized cooling units, optimized cooling towers and initial water pumps, combined with the initial design blueprint, the layout of the refrigeration room was optimized to obtain the initial room model.

[0075] Based on the initial computer room model, low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization are performed sequentially to obtain the final optimized computer room model.

[0076] The final optimized data center model guides the on-site construction of the cooling room.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This invention discloses a method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room, comprising the following steps, which are numbered S1 to S8 for ease of description. These numbers are for convenience only and do not restrict the execution order of the steps:

[0079] S1 obtains the initial design blueprints for the chiller room.

[0080] Obtain the initial design blueprints for the chiller room. These blueprints are two-dimensional plans, typically providing only a macro-level design and lacking construction details. For example, water pipes are often represented by single lines with only pipe dimensions indicated, without elevations or actual locations, offering no guidance for on-site construction and thus having limitations. Furthermore, the equipment parameters provided in the blueprints are only calculated, lacking specific equipment models, making it impossible to clearly define key parameters such as equipment dimensions and weight. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the design based on the initial blueprints to obtain drawings that can guide on-site construction.

[0081] S2 simulates the annual air conditioning cooling load based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, and obtains an hourly load table.

[0082] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the hourly load table is as follows:

[0083] Modeling was performed on the building where the refrigeration room was located, and the thermal parameters of the external building envelope, the calculated air conditioning temperature of the building location, the typical annual air temperature and humidity, the building lighting and personnel flow were input to obtain an hourly load table for a total of 8760 hours in a typical year.

[0084] Furthermore, this embodiment uses DeST software to simulate the annual air conditioning cooling load of the building where the refrigeration room is located. DeST is a building energy consumption simulation and analysis plug-in software developed based on the AutoCAD platform.

[0085] Furthermore, the external cladding structure includes walls, windows, and doors.

[0086] S3 optimizes the cooling unit based on the hourly load table, resulting in an optimized cooling unit.

[0087] Furthermore, the cooling unit is optimized, specifically including:

[0088] Peak load and annual load hours statistics are obtained based on hourly load tables;

[0089] Determine the maximum capacity of the cooling unit based on the peak load to avoid over-design of the equipment, reduce redundant space, and prevent the low energy efficiency of large-capacity equipment when operating in low-load areas, which would cause unnecessary energy waste.

[0090] The optimal unit combination scheme for cooling units is determined based on the load percentage time in the annual load hour statistics, so as to flexibly respond to load fluctuations and reduce inefficient start-up and shutdown of units;

[0091] Obtain COP curves of different types of cooling units (centrifugal, screw, etc.) under different percentage loads;

[0092] The optimal cooling unit type is selected based on the COP curve and the hourly load table to avoid the unit load being in the inefficient zone of the COP curve for a long time, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0093] The optimal cooling unit is obtained by combining the maximum capacity, the optimal unit combination scheme, and the optimal unit model.

[0094] Furthermore, the methods for obtaining peak load and annual load hours statistics are as follows:

[0095] The peak load is selected based on the hourly load table;

[0096] Based on the peak load as the building's 100% load, and with each 10% decrease as a separate interval, multiple load intervals are obtained: 0-10%, 11%-20%, 21%-30%, ..., 91%-100% load intervals;

[0097] The duration of each load interval throughout the year is calculated to obtain the annual load hours statistics.

[0098] Annual load hours statistics provide a basis for the rational allocation of individual chiller capacity and number of units, reducing inefficient equipment operation. By analyzing the annual cooling load trend, the hourly cooling load distribution of a typical cooling season can be accurately reflected. The simulation results are used for the precise selection and allocation of chillers, ensuring that the chillers operate in a high-efficiency range for most of the year.

[0099] Furthermore, in traditional cases, the chiller capacity in the refrigeration room is evenly distributed to cope with different percentages of building load. For example, a building with a total cooling load of 4000kW is designed to use four 1000kW centrifugal chiller units as the cooling source. However, according to the annual load percentage schedule, a total of 297 hours will be spent operating in the 51%-60% load range. At this time, three chiller units need to be turned on. Two of them can meet the full power consumption and high efficiency operation, but the third unit can only operate in the 1%-40% range of the chiller. According to the COP curve of the centrifugal chiller, the chiller is operating inefficiently at this time, wasting a lot of energy.

[0100] In this embodiment, the optimal unit combination scheme adopts a "large-capacity paired with small-capacity" combination to achieve more dynamic load adjustment. Large-capacity units meet the needs of relatively large load changes, while small-capacity units achieve more dynamic load adjustment under small load changes, ensuring that the building air conditioning system can achieve a high energy efficiency ratio regardless of whether it is under high load during the cooling season or under low load during the transitional season.

[0101] S4 optimizes the cooling tower based on the characteristics of the building, resulting in an optimized cooling tower.

[0102] Furthermore, optimizing the cooling tower specifically includes:

[0103] Based on the characteristics of the building, the type of cooling tower (crossflow cooling tower or counterflow cooling tower) is selected to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling tower.

[0104] When the ambient dry-bulb temperature allows, lowering the cooling tower outlet water temperature is beneficial. According to the Carnot cycle principle, a lower cooling water temperature can improve the efficiency of the chiller unit. The optimization direction adopted in this embodiment is as follows:

[0105] The cooling tower uses a corrugated packing arrangement to increase the contact area between the packing and the air, prolong the contact time between the water curtain and the air, improve the heat exchange area and heat exchange efficiency of the cooling tower, and obtain the optimal packing arrangement.

[0106] The cooling tower-based water distribution system uses variable flow water nozzles to ensure that the heat exchange area of ​​the packing is fully utilized regardless of whether the cooling tower is operating at high or low flow rates, thus ensuring high heat exchange efficiency and achieving the optimal water distribution system.

[0107] The optimal cooling tower is obtained by combining the cooling tower type, the optimal packing arrangement, and the optimal water distribution system.

[0108] S5 selects the initial water pump based on the water pump type.

[0109] In this embodiment, a variable frequency water pump is selected as the initial water pump to ensure the pump efficiency of the system under both low and high flow conditions, avoiding energy waste. The initial water pump uses a high-efficiency motor, resulting in higher operating efficiency and greater energy savings.

[0110] S6 optimizes the layout of the chiller room based on the optimized cooling units, optimized cooling towers, and initial water pumps, combined with the initial design blueprint, to obtain the initial chiller room model.

[0111] Furthermore, an initial data center model is obtained, specifically including:

[0112] The appropriate equipment selection dimensions are determined based on the optimization of the cooling unit, the optimization of the cooling tower, and the initial water pump;

[0113] Based on the equipment selection dimensions, the cooling room is transformed into a three-dimensional model for construction reference according to the initial design blueprint. The layout is then comprehensively optimized based on the three-dimensional model, serving as the initial model for the cooling room.

[0114] Based on the initial design blueprint, BIM technology is used to lay out pipelines of real size, optimize cooling units, cooling towers and initial water pumps, and carry out reasonable three-dimensional spatial arrangement to eliminate possible collision problems in the initial design blueprint. It also supplements process details such as pipeline connection methods, equipment installation sequence, and support size and model. At the same time, it designs support system according to pipeline location, marks pipeline elevation and relative position, and finally obtains the initial machine room model.

[0115] S7 performs low water resistance optimization and initial pump parameter optimization sequentially based on the initial computer room model to obtain the final optimized computer room model.

[0116] Furthermore, low water resistance optimization specifically includes:

[0117] Based on the initial computer room model, CFD water resistance simulation was performed, hydraulic calculations were refined, and optimization was performed on areas with high water resistance.

[0118] The branch pipes for entering and exiting the equipment are connected to the horizontal pipes at a 45° angle to reduce the impact of the turbine and lower local resistance.

[0119] Relocate equipment to reduce unnecessary routes and reserve space for mitered pipe connections;

[0120] Traditional Y-type filters use low-resistance filters to reduce losses;

[0121] Use a water-flow bend to reduce local resistance.

[0122] Furthermore, the initial pump parameters were optimized, specifically including:

[0123] After optimizing for low water resistance, the local resistance and friction resistance of the chilled water and cooling water pipes in the computer room are calculated to determine the optimized pump head.

[0124] Selecting the optimal pump based on the pump head and initial pump head reduces equipment specifications, thereby reducing equipment procurement costs while ensuring efficient operation across the entire load range.

[0125] Furthermore, the final optimized data center model is obtained, specifically including:

[0126] After performing low water resistance optimization based on the initial data center model, the initial optimized data center model is obtained.

[0127] The final optimized data center model is obtained by replacing the initial water pump in the initial optimized data center model with the optimal water pump.

[0128] S8 guides the on-site construction of the chiller room based on the final optimized data center model.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] This embodiment uses a project in Beijing as an example. The project is located in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and the outdoor dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures throughout the year are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0131] I. Annual Load Simulation:

[0132] This project is a Class A high-rise civil public building, with six floors above ground and one floor below ground, and a building height of 28.2m. Its main functions are office and business space. The calculated dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures for summer air conditioning are 33.5℃ and 26.4℃, respectively, with a calculated relative humidity of 61% and a calculated temperature of 29.7℃. The indoor design temperature is 25℃, and the relative humidity is 50%. The building is classified as a Class B building with a shape factor of 0.16 and a wall-to-window ratio of 0.28. Based on the designed pedestrian flow and load parameters, these parameters were imported into the DeST building energy consumption simulation analysis software. Simultaneously, the building envelope was modeled, generating an hourly building load simulation report for the entire year (8760h) as an hourly load table, reflecting the hourly cooling load distribution during a typical annual cooling season.

[0133] The hourly load table includes time (month, day, hour), load (LOAD), ambient air temperature - dry bulb temperature (OAT_db), ambient air temperature - wet bulb temperature (OAT_wb), chiller energy consumption (Power_Chiller), cooling water pump energy consumption (Power_CP), cooling tower energy consumption (Power_CT), primary chilled water system energy consumption (Power_PriCH), total energy consumption (Power_total), and full-load efficiency (Performance).

[0134] II. Load Characteristic Analysis:

[0135] like Figure 3 As shown, the building load simulation distribution map is obtained based on the hourly load table. The following parameters are analyzed based on the distribution map as the basis for optimization:

[0136] (1) Peak load: Based on the maximum annual load, determine the maximum capacity requirement of the equipment to avoid over-design of the equipment and compress the redundant space. According to the distribution map, the peak load of the project is 6373kW and the total annual load is 651306RTh.

[0137] (2) Load percentage time: The simulated peak load is taken as the building's 100% load. Each 10% decrease is considered a separate interval. The duration of the 0-10%, 11%-20%, 21%-30%, ..., 91%-100% load intervals within the annual 8760 hours is calculated, generating the annual load hour statistics as follows: Figure 4 As shown, this provides a basis for rationally allocating the capacity and number of individual chiller units, thereby reducing inefficient operation of the equipment.

[0138] III. Optimization of Chiller Unit Capacity and Type:

[0139] The following principles should be followed in the optimization and selection of chiller units:

[0140] (1) Capacity matching principle: When selecting a single unit, the efficiency of the remaining loads must be taken into account while meeting the peak load requirements. Taking this project as an example, the 41%-50% peak load range accounts for the highest proportion, and most of the time it is below 70% peak load. Therefore, the optimization direction is to select units with high COP under low load conditions, such as variable frequency centrifugal chillers.

[0141] (2) Multi-unit combination strategy: The optimal unit combination scheme is determined according to the load percentage time in the annual load hour statistics to flexibly respond to load fluctuations and reduce inefficient start-up and shutdown of units. In this embodiment, a combination of "3 large + 1 small" chiller units is adopted to achieve more dynamic load adjustment, ensuring that the building air conditioning system can achieve a high energy efficiency ratio regardless of whether it is under high load during the cooling season or under low load during the transition season.

[0142] (3) Unit performance curves: Compare the COP curves of different types of units (centrifugal, screw, magnetic levitation, etc.) under partial load, and select the model that best matches the building load distribution in the hourly load table. For example, centrifugal chillers are highly efficient at 60-100% load, screw chillers ensure good performance coefficients even at low loads, and variable frequency magnetic levitation units perform better at 30-70% load.

[0143] Taking this project as an example, the original design consisted of 2 fixed-frequency centrifuges and 2 fixed-frequency screw compressors, totaling 451,390 kWh, with an average annual efficiency of 0.884 kW / RT.

[0144] Fixed-frequency screw chiller units commonly use slide valves as the regulating mechanism. The slide valve can continuously adjust the gas delivery volume within the range of 10% to 100%. When operating at a load of over 50%, the power and gas delivery volume are approximately directly proportional. When operating at a load of less than 50%, the performance coefficient will decrease, but it will still be greater than that of centrifugal chiller units.

[0145] There are two ways to regulate the energy of a fixed-frequency centrifugal chiller unit. One is to regulate it through the impeller inlet guide vanes, which can be continuously adjusted within the load range of 30% to 100%. However, this method has a greater impact on the efficiency of the compressor when the load is below 60%.

[0146] Based on the hourly load schedule, to ensure the chiller units operate within their high-efficiency range for most of the year, variable frequency speed control can adapt to different operating conditions, adjusting the compressor's cooling capacity and ensuring higher partial load efficiency, thus achieving better energy efficiency in the computer room. After optimization, this embodiment selects four centrifugal magnetic levitation variable frequency chiller units, totaling 361,749 kWh, with an average annual efficiency of 0.703 kW / RT. The compressors of the magnetic levitation variable frequency chiller units adopt a bearingless design, eliminating the need for cooling oil compared to traditional compressors and exhibiting better energy efficiency at high speeds.

[0147] IV. Cooling Tower Optimization:

[0148] The refrigeration system in this embodiment is a common civil water-cooled refrigeration system, which has no special requirements for the quality of the cooling water. Therefore, an open cooling tower can be used. The two main types of open cooling towers commonly used in the field of building refrigeration are as follows:

[0149] (1) Counter-flow cooling tower: The water flow direction is opposite to the air flow direction. The cooling water is sprayed by gravity into the packing material of the tower and flows from top to bottom. A fan is installed at the top of the tower, and the air enters from the bottom of the tower in the opposite direction to the water flow. Counter-flow cooling towers have the highest heat exchange efficiency and a compact structure; however, counter-flow cooling towers are generally taller, and the water flow noise is relatively loud. The packing material is not easy to maintain and is prone to the growth of algae and other debris.

[0150] (2) Crossflow cooling tower: Air and water flow in a cross direction. The floor area per unit cooling capacity is larger than that of a counterflow tower. The tower head is generally smaller than that of a counterflow tower, which helps to reduce the head of the water pump. Crossflow towers have low water noise, low drift rate, and are easy to inspect and maintain.

[0151] The original design of this embodiment of the project was for 4 ordinary crossflow cooling towers with a circulating water volume of 430m³. 3 The cooling water inlet and outlet temperatures were 37 / 32℃, and the fan was fixed frequency. After optimization, it was changed to a low-noise counter-flow cooling tower, equipped with a variable frequency fan and variable flow water nozzles. This ensures that the cooling tower can fully utilize the heat exchange area of ​​the packing material under both high and low flow conditions, guaranteeing high heat exchange efficiency. Higher heat exchange efficiency allows the cooling water inlet and outlet temperatures to be adjusted to 35 / 30℃. According to the Carnot cycle principle, lower cooling water temperatures can improve the efficiency of the chiller unit. Calculations show that the electricity required per unit of chilled water is 0.74 kWh at 37 / 32℃ and 0.7 kWh at 35 / 30℃, representing a 5.7% reduction in energy consumption.

[0152] V. Pump Type Optimization:

[0153] The original design of this embodiment of the project was for five fixed-frequency water pumps, four in operation and one on standby, with a motor efficiency of 78%. For example... Figure 5 The figure shows the relationship between the performance curve of the water pump and the characteristic curve of the pipeline network. S1 and S2 are the performance curves of the pipeline network, which depend on the characteristics of the pipeline network (the resistance characteristics of pipes, connectors, valves and combined air conditioning units in the water circuit) and change with the valve opening degree; I and II are the characteristic curves of the relationship between the flow rate and head of the water pump. Changes in the current frequency cause changes in the pump speed, and its characteristic curves also change accordingly.

[0154] Under design conditions, the system operates at the design pressure and flow rate, and the operating point is point 1, the intersection of the pump characteristic curve and the pipe network characteristic curve. When the air conditioning system operates under partial load, the supplementary terminal equipment is shut off, the water flow changes from Q1 to Q2, the system resistance increases, causing the pipe network characteristic curve to change from S1 to S2. The fixed-frequency pump operates at a constant speed. To change the pump flow rate to Q2, the valve after the pump must be closed, causing the system resistance to increase from p2 to p3, and the pump operates at point 3. As can be seen from the pump characteristic curve, the flow rate decreases, the pump pressure increases, and the efficiency decreases, resulting in a significant waste of energy.

[0155] After optimization by this invention, a variable frequency water pump is used, with a motor efficiency of 82%, which can still meet the requirement of operating in the high-efficiency range of the water pump characteristic curve even under low load conditions.

[0156] VI. Computer Room Modeling and Preliminary Layout:

[0157] The construction blueprints for the computer room provided by the design are two-dimensional planes and cannot guide on-site construction. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on BIM technology to transform the two-dimensional drawings into three-dimensional models, eliminate collisions, design a support system, and guide on-site construction while meeting the requirements of the construction process.

[0158] VII. Optimization of low water resistance in the computer room:

[0159] Optimizing pipeline resistance is a crucial guarantee for achieving the goal of high-efficiency data center performance design. During the design process, by appropriately increasing pipe diameter and optimizing pipeline layout, such as by using long-radius elbows, downstream tees, 45° elbows, and inclined pipes at equipment outlets, the hydraulic losses of the water system can be reasonably reduced, thereby reducing the energy consumption of water system transmission and distribution.

[0160] In conventional refrigeration room piping systems, the connection between branch pipes and main pipes is generally designed as a right-angle tee. According to the "Practical Heating and Air Conditioning Design Manual", the local resistance coefficient of the branch pipe flowing from the right-angle tee to the main pipe is 1.5, while the local resistance coefficient of the branch pipe flowing from the inclined tee to the main pipe is 0.5.

[0161] Therefore, the main purpose of low water resistance optimization is to minimize water system resistance as much as possible. This can be achieved by rearranging the computer room layout to allow space for angled pipe connections, thereby reducing pipe water resistance. Taking the computer room of this embodiment as an example, such as... Figures 6-7 As shown, in the original design, the north side housed the circulating water pumps, the chiller units were located in the middle of the machine room, and the south side housed the water treatment and makeup water equipment area. According to the original layout, there was space for a slanted tee at the chiller unit outlet, but no space for the water pumps. Therefore, in this embodiment, the water pumps are moved to the middle of the machine room and placed horizontally, with space reserved for the slanted tee installation; the chiller units are located on the north side of the machine room, reducing the distance between the chiller units and the manifold, and shortening the length of the piping within the machine room; the water treatment equipment remains the same as in the original design and is located on the south side of the machine room.

[0162] (1) Optimization of the chiller unit outlet

[0163] Original design: The chiller unit outlet is directly connected to the horizontal pipe at a 90-degree right angle. The filter is a Y-type filter, which is set vertically. The main supply and return pipes of chilled water and the main supply and return pipes of cooling water are set on opposite sides of the chiller unit. The chilled water route is relatively long.

[0164] This invention features a low-water-resistance design: the chiller unit outlet is connected to a horizontal pipe at a 45-degree angle, and the filter uses an online small ball cleaning device, horizontally positioned at the chiller unit outlet to reduce local resistance loss. The main chilled water supply and return pipes are located on the same side of the chiller unit as the main cooling water supply and return pipes, compressing the pipeline route length and reducing friction loss.

[0165] (2) Optimization of the water pump outlet

[0166] Original design: The circulating water pump outlet is directly connected to the horizontal pipe at a 90-degree right angle, and the filter is a Y-type filter, installed vertically.

[0167] The invention features a low water resistance design: the water pump inlet is connected to the horizontal pipe at a 45-degree angle, and the outlet is connected to the horizontal pipe via a straight-through tee, reducing local resistance loss.

[0168] VIII. Pump parameter optimization:

[0169] After optimizing for low water resistance, the local resistance and friction resistance of the chilled water and cooling water pipes in the computer room are calculated to determine the optimized pump head, reduce equipment specifications, and reduce equipment procurement costs while ensuring efficient operation at full load.

[0170] Based on the above, this invention conducts high-efficiency optimization during the detailed design phase of the computer room, and the optimization comparison results are shown in Table 1:

[0171] Table 1 Optimization Comparison Results

[0172]

[0173] As shown in Table 1, compared with the traditional method of detailed design and implementation of building refrigeration rooms, the overall EER (energy efficiency ratio) of the refrigeration room implemented based on this method can be improved by more than 30%.

[0174] Example 4

[0175] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a refrigeration room energy efficiency optimization layout system, including: a blueprint acquisition module, a cooling unit optimization module, a cooling tower optimization module, an initial layout acquisition module, and a final layout output module;

[0176] The blueprint acquisition module is used to acquire the initial design blueprints for the chiller room;

[0177] The cooling unit optimization module is used to simulate the annual air conditioning cooling load based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, and obtain an hourly load table; based on the hourly load table, the cooling units are optimized to obtain the optimized cooling units;

[0178] The cooling tower optimization module is used to optimize the cooling tower based on the characteristics of the building, resulting in an optimized cooling tower.

[0179] The initial layout acquisition module is used to select the initial water pump based on the water pump type; and to optimize the layout of the chiller room based on the optimized cooling unit, optimized cooling tower and initial water pump combined with the initial design blueprint to obtain the initial chiller room model.

[0180] The final layout output module is used to perform low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization sequentially based on the initial computer room model to obtain the final optimized computer room model; the final optimized computer room model guides the on-site construction of the refrigeration room.

[0181] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the functional implementation process of each module corresponds one-to-one with the above-described method, and will not be described in detail here.

[0182] Example 5

[0183] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0184] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0185] When the processor executes a program stored in the memory, it can implement a method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a chiller room as described in Embodiments 1, 2, or 3.

[0186] The electronic device may include a processor, a communications interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, communications interface, and memory communicate with each other via the communication bus. The processor can call logical instructions in the memory to execute one of the energy efficiency optimization layout methods for a chiller room as described in Embodiments 1, 2, or 3.

[0187] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0188] The aforementioned storage media include: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media that can store program code.

[0189] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0190] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the energy efficiency layout of a refrigeration room, characterized in that, include: Obtain the initial design blueprints for the refrigeration room; Based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, an annual air conditioning cooling load simulation was performed to obtain an hourly load table; Based on the hourly load table, the cooling unit is optimized to obtain an optimized cooling unit; The cooling tower was optimized based on the characteristics of the building in question, resulting in an optimized cooling tower. Select the initial water pump based on the water pump type; Based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump, combined with the initial design blueprint, the layout of the refrigeration room is optimized to obtain the initial room model. Based on the initial computer room model, low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization are performed sequentially to obtain the final optimized computer room model. The final optimized data center model guides the on-site construction of the refrigeration data center.

2. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the hourly load table is as follows: Based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, a model is created and the thermal parameters of the external building envelope, the calculated air conditioning temperature of the building location, the typical annual air temperature and humidity, the building lighting and personnel flow are input to obtain the hourly load table for a total of 8760 hours in the typical year.

3. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimized cooling unit includes: Peak load and annual load hours statistics are obtained based on the hourly load table. The maximum capacity of the cooling unit is determined based on the peak load. The optimal unit combination scheme for the cooling units is determined based on the load percentage time in the annual load hour statistics. Obtain the COP curves of different types of cooling units under different percentage loads; Based on the COP curve, the cooling unit type that matches the hourly load table is selected as the optimal model; The optimized cooling unit is obtained by combining the maximum capacity, the optimal unit combination scheme, and the optimal unit type.

4. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 3, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining peak load and annual load hours statistics are as follows: The peak load is selected based on the hourly load table; Based on the peak load as the building's 100% load, multiple load intervals are obtained by dividing the load into intervals of 10% reduction. The duration of each load interval throughout the year is calculated to obtain the annual load hours statistics.

5. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimized cooling tower includes: Based on the characteristics of the building, the type of cooling tower was selected. The cooling tower uses a corrugated packing arrangement to increase the contact area between the packing and the air, thus achieving the optimal packing arrangement. The optimal water distribution system is obtained by using variable flow water distribution nozzles based on the cooling tower water distribution system. The optimized cooling tower is obtained by combining the cooling tower type, optimal packing arrangement, and optimal water distribution system.

6. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial data center model is obtained, specifically including: Based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump, the corresponding equipment selection dimensions are determined. Based on the selected equipment dimensions, the cooling room is converted into a three-dimensional model for construction reference according to the initial design blueprint. The layout is then comprehensively optimized based on the three-dimensional model, which serves as the initial room model.

7. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low water resistance optimization specifically includes: Based on the initial computer room model, CFD water resistance simulation was performed, hydraulic calculations were refined, and areas with high water resistance were selected for optimization. The branch pipes for entering and exiting the equipment are connected to the horizontal pipes at a 45° angle. Relocate equipment to reduce unnecessary routes and reserve space for mitered pipe connections; Traditional Y-type filters use low-resistance filters; Use a water-flow bend.

8. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial pump parameter optimization specifically includes: After the low water resistance optimization, the local resistance and friction resistance of the chilled water and cooling water pipes in the computer room are calculated to determine the optimized pump head. The optimal pump is selected based on the pump head and the initial pump.

9. The energy efficiency optimization layout method for a refrigeration room according to claim 8, characterized in that, The final optimized data center model is obtained, specifically including: After performing low water resistance optimization based on the initial data center model, the initial optimized data center model is obtained. The final optimized data center model is obtained by replacing the initial water pump in the initial optimized data center model with the optimal water pump.

10. A chiller room energy efficiency optimization layout system, used to execute the chiller room energy efficiency optimization layout method as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Blueprint acquisition module, cooling unit optimization module, cooling tower optimization module, initial layout acquisition module, and final layout output module; The blueprint acquisition module is used to acquire the initial design blueprint of the refrigeration room; The cooling unit optimization module is used to simulate the annual air conditioning cooling load based on the building where the refrigeration room is located, and obtain an hourly load table; and optimize the cooling unit based on the hourly load table to obtain an optimized cooling unit. The cooling tower optimization module is used to optimize the cooling tower based on the characteristics of the building to obtain an optimized cooling tower. The initial layout acquisition module is used to select an initial water pump based on the water pump type; Based on the optimized cooling unit, the optimized cooling tower, and the initial water pump, combined with the initial design blueprint, the layout of the refrigeration room is optimized to obtain the initial room model. The final layout output module is used to perform low water resistance optimization and initial water pump parameter optimization sequentially based on the initial computer room model to obtain the final optimized computer room model; and to guide the on-site construction of the refrigeration room based on the final optimized computer room model.

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