Forging forming die and forming method for thin-wall rib plate type wheel-shaped forge piece

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forge piece forging dies, in particular to a thin-wall rib plate type wheel-shaped forge piece forging forming die and a forming method.The thin-wall rib plate type wheel-shaped forge piece forging forming die comprises a pre-forging die and a finish-forging die, the pre-forging die comprises a pre-forging connecting plate, a pre-forging upper punch and a pre-forging lower die core, and the pre-forging upper punch and the pre-forging lower die core are combined to form a pre-forging piece cavity; the finish forging die comprises a finish forging connecting plate, a finish forging upper punch and a finish forging lower die block, and a finish forging piece cavity is formed after the finish forging upper punch, the finish forging lower die and the finish forging lower die core are closed. The pre-forging die and the finish-forging die are used for machining step by step, the upper inner hole and the lower rib plate of the forge piece are integrally and directly formed, precise near-net forming of the whole forge piece, especially a thin rib, is achieved, the forge piece is fully filled under large deformation, and the utilization rate of materials is increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forging die for thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forgings, in particular to a thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forging die and forming method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the forging process of complex thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forgings is mostly free forging or die forging forming, but both processes have significant shortcomings and deficiencies.

[0003] The free forging process can only complete the simple forming of the shape of the forging due to the open forming characteristics without die constraints, and the forming precision is relatively low. In order to meet the shape and size requirements, a large amount of machining is required for the forging blank, so the material utilization rate of the free forging process is very low. Especially for this kind of precision parts with thin ribs, the machining process is complicated, time-consuming, and low in production efficiency, which is difficult to meet the batch production demand. Although the shape and size precision of the ordinary die forging process is significantly improved, multiple processes such as upsetting, pre-forging, final forging and trimming are often required, and the material consumption of the flash is relatively large. After multiple forming processes, the rib plate of the forged part may still have problems such as folding, lack of filling, etc.

[0004] Therefore, the existing process still has problems such as low material utilization rate, low production efficiency, complex process, unstable forming quality, etc., which is difficult to meet the forming demand of thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forgings for high efficiency, precision and low consumption, and it is urgent to develop a forging forming process that can balance complex structure forming and high material utilization rate and production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forging die and forming method, which can reduce the time cost and energy consumption required for machining, and also improve the material utilization rate through a forging process without flash.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: A thin-walled rib plate type wheel-shaped forging die, comprising a pre-forging die and a final forging die, the pre-forging die comprising a pre-forging connecting plate, a pre-forging upper punch and a pre-forging lower die core, the upper part of the pre-forging upper punch being connected with the pre-forging connecting plate, and the lower part of the pre-forging upper punch being a tapered structure with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom; a upper through hole one is arranged at the center of the pre-forging upper punch, and a pre-forging upper ejector rod is movably arranged in the upper through hole one; a lower through hole one is arranged at the center of the pre-forging lower die core, and a pre-forging lower ejector rod is movably arranged in the lower through hole one; the pre-forging upper punch and the pre-forging lower die core form a pre-forging cavity when closed; The final forging die includes a final forging connecting plate, a final forging upper punch, and a final forging lower module. The upper part of the final forging upper punch is connected to the final forging connecting plate, and the lower part of the final forging upper punch includes two tapered sections connected by a transition section to form a stepped structure. The center of the final forging upper punch has an upper through hole II, and a final forging upper ejector rod is movably installed inside the upper through hole II. The final forging lower module includes a final forging lower die and a final forging lower die core. The final forging lower die core is located at the bottom of the final forging lower die, and the center of the final forging lower die core has a lower through hole II, and a final forging lower ejector rod is movably installed inside the lower through hole II. After the final forging upper punch, the final forging lower die, and the final forging lower die core are closed, a cavity for the final forging is formed.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes pre-forging molds and final forging molds for step-by-step processing, enabling the direct integration of the upper inner hole and the lower rib plate of the forging. This achieves precise near-net-shape forming of the integral forging, especially thin ribs, allowing the forging to be fully filled under large deformation. At the same time, it avoids problems such as folding of the inner hole, preserves the continuity of the metal flow lines, and improves the utilization rate of materials.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a further technical solution of the present invention is: Preferably, the lower ends of the pre-forging upper ejector pin and the lower ends of the final forging upper ejector pin are respectively provided with tapered structures with increasing diameters from top to bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the pre-forging upper punch and the top of the final forging upper punch are respectively provided with placement slots, and each placement slot is movably provided with an upper ejector connecting block. The pre-forging upper ejector rod and the final forging upper ejector rod are respectively connected to their respective upper ejector connecting blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the pre-forged lower ejector pin and the final forged lower ejector pin are both tapered structures with decreasing diameters from top to bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the final forging lower die and the final forging lower die core are separate structures. The upper surface of the final forging lower die core is provided with an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion has several grooves circumferentially opened, and the grooves are used to form the ribs on the final forging.

[0012] Preferably, the outer edge of the annular protrusion has an open chamber vertically connected to each groove.

[0013] This invention also discloses a forging method for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings, which is carried out according to the following steps: Pre-forging involves placing a heated billet into a pre-forging mold and pressing the billet with a press to form a pre-forged part. In the final forging process, the pre-forged part is transferred out of the pre-forging mold, heated, and then placed into the final forging mold. The pre-forged part is pressed and held under pressure for a set time before being demolded.

[0014] The present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, has the following prominent features compared with the prior art: This method employs two forming processes: pre-forging and final forging. Pre-forging ensures that the final forging is free of folding defects and has uniform forming through reasonable material distribution. The shape of the upper punch and the lower die core of the final forging are optimized to achieve integrated direct forming of the upper inner hole and the lower stiffening plate of the forging. This reduces the time cost and energy consumption required for machining. Furthermore, the flash-free forging process effectively improves material utilization and preserves the continuity of metal flow lines, fundamentally improving the mechanical properties of the forging. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-forged part; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the pre-forged part; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the final forging; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A bottom view; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA view; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 BB view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the billet enters the pre-forging die; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mold closing structure of a pre-forging die; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A sectional view; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the pre-forged part enters the final forging die; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the mold closing structure of the final forging die; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A sectional view; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the final forging punch; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the final forging die core; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pre-forging connecting plate; 2. Pre-forging upper punch; 3. Pre-forging lower die core; 4. Upper through hole one; 5. Pre-forging upper ejector rod; 6. Upper ejector connecting block; 7. Lower through hole one; 8. Pre-forging lower ejector rod; 9. Final forging connecting plate; 10. Final forging upper punch; 1001. Upper conical section; 1002. Transition section; 1003. Lower conical section; 11. Final forging lower die plate; 1101. Final forging lower die; 1102. Final forging lower die core; 12. Upper through hole two; 13. Final forging upper ejector rod; 14. Final forging part; 15. Lower through hole two; 16. Final forging lower ejector rod; 18. Annular protrusion; 19. Groove; 20. Rib plate; 21. Billet; 22. Placement groove; 23. Pre-forging part; 24. Open cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. The purpose of this illustration is solely to provide a better understanding of the invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, a forging die for a thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forging mainly consists of a pre-forging die and a final forging die.

[0018] The pre-forging die mainly consists of a pre-forging connecting plate 1, a pre-forging upper punch 2, and a pre-forging lower die core 3. The top of the pre-forging upper punch 2 is provided with an annular limiting outer edge, and the center of the pre-forging connecting plate 1 is provided with a stepped hole that matches the upper part of the pre-forging upper punch 2. The pre-forging upper punch 2 is snapped into the pre-forging connecting plate 1.

[0019] The lower part of the pre-forging upper punch 2 is a tapered structure with a diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom; the pre-forging upper punch 2 has an upper through hole 4 in the central axis, and the lower end diameter of the upper through hole 4 increases from top to bottom; the upper through hole 4 is movably connected to the pre-forging upper ejector rod 5, and the lower end of the pre-forging upper ejector rod 5 is set as a tapered structure with a diameter that increases from top to bottom, and the tapered structure is adapted to the diameter-increasing section of the lower end of the upper through hole 4.

[0020] The upper surface of the pre-forged upper punch 2 is provided with a placement groove 22 corresponding to the top of the upper through hole 4. The upper ejector connecting block 6 is movably arranged in the placement groove 22. The pre-forged upper ejector rod 5 is connected to the upper ejector connecting block 6 by screws.

[0021] The center of the pre-forging lower die core 3 is provided with a lower through hole 7, and the diameter of the lower through hole 7 decreases from top to bottom; a pre-forging lower ejector rod 8 is movably arranged inside the lower through hole 7. The pre-forging lower ejector rod 8 has a tapered structure with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, and the pre-forging lower ejector rod 8 is adapted to the lower through hole 7.

[0022] The pre-forging upper punch 2 and the pre-forging lower die core 3 are closed to form the cavity of the pre-forged part 23.

[0023] The final forging die is mainly composed of a final forging connecting plate 9, a final forging upper punch 10, and a final forging lower template 11. The top of the final forging upper punch 10 is also provided with an annular limiting outer edge. The center of the final forging connecting plate 9 is provided with a stepped hole that matches the upper part of the final forging upper punch 10. The final forging upper punch 10 is engaged with the final forging connecting plate 9.

[0024] The lower part of the final forging upper punch 10 consists of two conical sections: an upper conical section 1001 and a lower conical section 1002. These two sections are connected by a transition section 1003, forming a stepped structure. The lower end face of the upper conical section 1002 coincides with the upper end face of the transition section 1003, and the upper end face of the lower conical section 1002 coincides with the lower end face of the transition section 1003. By designing the final forging upper punch 10 as a stepped structure, the metal flow can be controlled, preventing folding of the forged part on its inner wall during forging and preserving the continuity of the metal flow lines.

[0025] The upper punch 10 of the final forging has an upper through hole 12 in the center axis. The lower end diameter of the upper through hole 12 is also designed to increase from top to bottom. The upper punch 13 of the final forging is movably connected inside the upper through hole 12. The lower end of the upper punch 13 of the final forging is also set as a tapered structure with an increasing diameter from top to bottom. The tapered structure at the lower end of the upper punch 13 of the final forging is adapted to the increasing diameter section at the lower end of the upper through hole 12.

[0026] The upper surface structure of the final forging upper punch 10 is the same as that of the pre-forging upper punch 2, and it also has a placement groove 22. The upper ejection connecting block 6 is also movably arranged in the placement groove 22. The final forging upper punch 10 is connected to the upper ejection connecting block 6 on its top by screws.

[0027] The final forging lower module consists of a final forging lower die 1101 and a final forging lower die core 1102. The final forging lower die core 1102 is placed at the bottom of the final forging lower die 1101. A lower through hole 15 is opened in the center of the final forging lower die core 1102. A final forging lower ejector rod 16 is movably arranged inside the lower through hole 15. After the final forging upper punch 10, the final forging lower die 1101 and the final forging lower die core 1102 are closed, a cavity for the final forging part 14 is formed.

[0028] In this embodiment, the diameter of the second lower through hole 15 is designed to decrease from top to bottom, and the lower push rod of the final forging 14 is a tapered structure with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom. The lower push rod of the final forging 14 is adapted to the second lower through hole 15.

[0029] In this embodiment, the final forging lower die 1101 and the final forging lower die core 1102 are separate structures, which are assembled by cold fitting or hot fitting; the upper surface of the final forging lower die core 1102 is provided with an annular protrusion, and the upper surface of the annular protrusion is provided with a plurality of grooves 19 in the circumferential direction, which are used to form the ribs 20 on the final forging.

[0030] An open chamber 24 communicating with each groove 19 is provided on the outer edge of the annular protrusion 18. During the final forging process, excess material can be squeezed into the open chamber 24 to avoid the problem of significantly increased forging load caused by excessive blanking, and to reduce the impact of blanking accuracy on the final forging.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pre-forging upper ejector rod 5, the pre-forging lower ejector rod 8, the final forging upper ejector rod 13, and the final forging lower ejector rod 16 are respectively configured as conical structures, so that each ejector rod fits tightly with the mold, avoiding the extrusion of flash during the forging process and improving the forming quality of the forging.

[0032] Based on the forging die described above, the following steps shall be followed: Pre-forging: Before pre-forging, install the pre-forging mold and the final forging mold, connect the pre-forging upper punch 2 and the final forging upper punch 10 to the corresponding positions of the press, fix the pre-forging lower die core 3 and the final forging lower module 11 on the forging platform, and then adjust the centering accuracy and positioning accuracy of the pre-forging mold and the final forging mold respectively. The heated round bar billet 21 is placed in the middle of the pre-forging lower die core 3. The pre-forging upper punch 2 is driven to move downward by controlling the press to press the billet 21 until the lower surface of the pre-forging connecting plate 1 contacts the upper surface of the pre-forging lower die core 3. At this time, the pre-forging is completed and the metal fills the cavity of the pre-forging part 23. Then, the press controls the upper punch 2 of the pre-forging to lift up. If the pre-forging part 23 is stuck on the upper punch 2 of the pre-forging, the upper ejector block 6 is pushed down to make the upper ejector rod 5 of the pre-forging move down to demold the pre-forging part 23. If the pre-forging part 23 is stuck in the lower die core 3 of the pre-forging, the lower ejector rod 8 of the pre-forging moves up to demold the pre-forging part 23. Final forging: The pre-forging part 23 is transferred out of the pre-forging mold and heated to 420°C. Then, the heated pre-forging part 23 is placed into the final forging mold. The press is controlled to drive the final forging upper punch 10 downward to press the pre-forging part 23 until the final forging upper punch 10 contacts the final forging lower mold 1101. After holding the pressure for 20 seconds, the final forging part 14 is formed. The press controls the upper punch of the final forging to move upward. If the final forging part 14 is stuck on the upper punch of the final forging, the upper ejector rod 13 of the final forging is controlled to move downward to eject the part from the mold. If the final forging part 14 is stuck in the lower module of the final forging, the lower ejector block of the final forging is controlled to move upward to eject the part from the mold.

[0033] This invention, through the rational design of the pre-forging and final forging shapes, employs two forming processes: pre-forging and final forging. Pre-forging, through proper material distribution, ensures the final forging is free of folding defects and has uniform forming. Final forging optimizes the shape of the upper punch, precisely controlling metal flow to ensure the forging is fully filled even with large deformation, while eliminating folding issues in the inner hole. This achieves integrated direct forming of the upper inner hole and lower rib plate, revolutionizing the traditional step-by-step processing mode. This method not only reduces the time and energy costs required for machining but also effectively improves material utilization through a flash-free forging process, preserving the continuity of metal flow lines and fundamentally improving the mechanical properties of the forging.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging die for a thin-walled, stiffened wheel-shaped forging, characterized in that: The mold includes a pre-forging mold and a final forging mold. The pre-forging mold includes a pre-forging connecting plate, a pre-forging upper punch, and a pre-forging lower die core. The upper part of the pre-forging upper punch is connected to the pre-forging connecting plate, and the lower part of the pre-forging upper punch is a tapered structure with a decreasing diameter from top to bottom. The center of the pre-forging upper punch is provided with an upper through hole, and a pre-forging upper ejector rod is movably installed in the upper through hole. The center of the pre-forging lower die core is provided with a lower through hole, and a pre-forging lower ejector rod is movably installed in the lower through hole. The pre-forging upper punch and the pre-forging lower die core are closed to form a pre-forged part cavity. The final forging die includes a final forging connecting plate, a final forging upper punch, and a final forging lower module. The upper part of the final forging upper punch is connected to the final forging connecting plate, and the lower part of the final forging upper punch includes two tapered sections connected by a transition section to form a stepped structure. The center of the final forging upper punch has an upper through hole II, and a final forging upper ejector rod is movably installed inside the upper through hole II. The final forging lower module includes a final forging lower die and a final forging lower die core. The final forging lower die core is located at the bottom of the final forging lower die, and the center of the final forging lower die core has a lower through hole II, and a final forging lower ejector rod is movably installed inside the lower through hole II. After the final forging upper punch, the final forging lower die, and the final forging lower die core are closed, a cavity for the final forging is formed.

2. The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the pre-forging upper ejector pin and the lower ends of the final forging upper ejector pin are respectively provided with tapered structures with increasing diameter from top to bottom.

3. The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pre-forging upper punch and the top of the final forging upper punch are respectively provided with placement slots, and each placement slot is movably provided with an upper ejector connecting block. The pre-forging upper ejector rod and the final forging upper ejector rod are respectively connected to their respective upper ejector connecting blocks.

4. The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-forged lower ejector pin and the final forged lower ejector pin are both tapered structures with decreasing diameters from top to bottom.

5. The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final forging lower die and the final forging lower die core are separate structures. The upper surface of the final forging lower die core is provided with an annular protrusion. Several grooves are opened circumferentially on the annular protrusion. The grooves are used to form the ribs on the final forging part.

6. The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer edge of the annular protrusion has a vertically opening chamber that communicates with each groove.

7. A forging method for a thin-walled, stiffened wheel-shaped forging, characterized in that, The forging die for thin-walled ribbed wheel-shaped forgings as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied according to the following steps: Pre-forging involves placing a heated billet into a pre-forging mold and pressing the billet with a press to form a pre-forged part. In the final forging process, the pre-forged part is transferred out of the pre-forging mold, heated, and then placed into the final forging mold. The pre-forged part is pressed and held under pressure for a set time before being demolded.

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