Fracturing automatic operation method based on flow identification driving

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic fracturing operation method based on flow identification driving. The method comprises the following steps that the fracturing construction process is divided into standardized processes, and corresponding identification symbols are set for the standardized processes to obtain process identifiers; constructing a pump injection plan table of fracturing construction operation; calling a control algorithm module bound with the flow identification according to the flow identification sequence to automatically start a corresponding fracturing construction flow, collecting real-time fracturing construction data to calculate a stage parameter accumulated value, and setting a jump condition according to the stage parameter accumulated value and a stage parameter threshold value of each flow identification, and automatically switching to a flow corresponding to the next flow identifier until the pump injection schedule of the fracturing construction operation is executed. According to the method, the whole process is driven to be automatically executed through digital identification, the problems of response lag and low standardization degree caused by the fact that traditional fracturing operation depends on artificial experience are solved, and then the construction efficiency and safety are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and particularly relates to a fracturing automation operation method based on process identification driving. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fracturing (hydraulic fracturing) is one of the core technologies for increasing production of oil and gas wells, and through high-pressure injection of fracturing fluid into the formation, an artificial fracture network is formed to improve the oil and gas seepage capacity. The traditional fracturing operation relies on manual command, and experienced command personnel issues operation instructions in real time according to the pumping plan table (containing parameters such as displacement and sand ratio), and the operator manually adjusts the fracturing equipment (such as fracturing pump and sand mixing truck) to execute the corresponding action.

[0003] At present, the fracturing operation mainly adopts the mode of manual command + manual operation, and the specific process is as follows: the command personnel monitors the construction curve (pressure, displacement, sand ratio, etc.) in real time, compares the pumping plan table, and judges whether to adjust the parameters. Through voice or digital communication system, the command personnel issues instructions (such as "increase the displacement to 12 m³ / min" or "reduce the sand ratio to 15%") to the operator. The operator manually adjusts the equipment to execute the command. The core of this mode relies on manual experience, and the command personnel needs to continuously pay attention to the construction dynamics and frequently adjust the parameters to ensure that the fracturing operation is carried out according to the plan.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: (1) High labor intensity: the command personnel needs to monitor the construction curve for a long time, which is easy to cause fatigue and misjudgment; (2) Response lag: there is a time delay in manual decision and manual operation, which is difficult to respond to sudden situations (such as pressure surge and sand plugging risk); (3) Dependence on experience: the construction quality is greatly influenced by the experience of the command personnel, and the decisions of different personnel may lead to differences in construction effect; (4) Low standardization: the fracturing operation processes of different wells are similar, but the manual command mode is difficult to realize standardized and automated execution. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a fracturing automation operation method based on process identification driving.

[0006] In order to achieve the above application purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: A fracturing automation operation method based on process identification driving, comprising the following steps: Divide the fracturing construction process into a standardized process, and set corresponding identifier symbols for the standardized process to obtain process identification; predefine a sequence of the process identifiers and a threshold of a stage parameter of each process identifier based on the process identifier and the actual fracturing operation, to construct a pumping schedule of the fracturing operation; analyze the pumping schedule of the fracturing operation, call the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier according to the sequence of the process identifier, to automatically start the corresponding fracturing process, collect real-time fracturing operation data, calculate the cumulative value of the stage parameter, and set a jump condition according to the cumulative value of the stage parameter and the threshold of the stage parameter of each process identifier, to automatically switch to the process corresponding to the next process identifier, until the pumping schedule of the fracturing operation is executed.

[0007] Further, the standardized processes include a clean water process, an acid pretreatment process, a preflush process, a sand adding process, a displacement process and a temporary plugging process.

[0008] Further, in the process of constructing the pumping schedule of the fracturing operation, the process identifier is set according to the actual fracturing operation.

[0009] Further, the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier is called according to the sequence of the process identifier, specifically: the clean water process of identifier 0 and the acid pretreatment process of identifier 1 are bound to an automatic lifting and dropping algorithm module; the preflush process of identifier 2 includes at least one of a ball delivery sub-process, an acid delivery sub-process and a step lifting and dropping sub-process; the ball delivery sub-process is bound to a ball setting monitoring algorithm module and an automatic lifting and dropping algorithm module; the acid delivery sub-process is bound to an acid drop monitoring algorithm module and an automatic lifting and dropping algorithm module; the step lifting and dropping sub-process is bound to an automatic lifting and dropping algorithm module; the sand adding process of identifier 3 is bound to an automatic pressure control algorithm module and a sand plugging early warning algorithm module; the displacement process of identifier 4 is selected according to a stage position selection algorithm; the final stage is bound to an automatic drop algorithm module; the non-final stage is bound to an automatic pressure control algorithm module; the temporary plugging process of identifier 5 includes a ball delivery sub-process and a step lifting and dropping sub-process; the ball delivery sub-process is bound to a ball setting monitoring algorithm module and an automatic drop algorithm module; the step lifting and dropping sub-process is bound to an automatic lifting and dropping algorithm module.

[0010] Further, the control process of the ball setting monitoring algorithm module is specifically: the cumulative liquid integral value is calculated and expressed as:

[0011] wherein: is the cumulative liquid integral value, is the module triggering time, is the displacement at the moment; is the displacement at the moment; the effective volume of the ball running path is calculated and expressed as:

[0012] in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's running path, the judgment condition for generating a successful setting prompt of the monitoring ball is constructed, expressed as:

[0013] in: Minimum setting pressure, MPa; Pressure increment, MPa; Determine if the conditions for generating a successful setting notification for the monitoring ball are met. If yes, generate the successful setting notification; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message will be generated indicating that no ball set-up was detected; otherwise, a message will be generated indicating that the ball set-up was not detected.

[0014] Furthermore, the control process of the automatic ranking algorithm module is as follows: The displacement increase is calculated based on real-time pressure and expressed as follows:

[0015]

[0016] in: To increase the displacement, m 3 / min, As the benchmark for displacement increase, m 3 / min, with a value range of 0.5-1.5. This is the attenuation sensitivity coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 3.0. Pressure margin, MPa For static margin weights, For dynamic correction coefficients, s, The pressure is set at an upper limit, in MPa. for The pressure of constant time; The equipment response waiting time is calculated based on the displacement increase magnitude and is expressed as follows:

[0017] in: This refers to the device response waiting time. To determine the sign of the maximum value, Minimum device response time, in seconds. The step size delay factor is s; Based on the displacement increase magnitude and equipment response time, a displacement update is performed, represented as follows:

[0018] in: for Displacement updated in real time, m³ / min, s for The time point when the order to be promoted is given, s. for Displacement at any given moment.

[0019] Furthermore, the control process of the acid degradation monitoring algorithm module is as follows: The cumulative liquid volume integral value is calculated and expressed as:

[0020] in: This is the cumulative liquid volume integral value. For module trigger time, for Displacement at any given moment; The effective volume of the sphere's path is calculated and expressed as:

[0021] in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's trajectory, the judgment condition for successfully generating the acid degradation detection prompt is constructed, as follows:

[0022] in: The minimum pressure drop due to acid degradation, expressed in MPa; The pressure drop is expressed in MPa. Determine if the conditions for generating a successful acid degradation detection message are met. If so, generate the message; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message indicating that acid degradation was not detected will be generated; otherwise, a message indicating that acid degradation detection was unsuccessful will be generated.

[0023] Furthermore, the control process of the automatic emission reduction algorithm module is as follows: Obtain the current stage design liquid volume, current initial discharge volume, target discharge volume, single discharge volume reduction, discharge time interval, and target remaining liquid volume; Based on the initial emission reduction, target emission reduction, and single emission reduction rate, the number of emission reduction cycles is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0024] in: To reduce the number of emissions, This represents the initial emission reduction volume. For the target displacement, This refers to the reduction in displacement per transaction; Based on the number of discharge reduction attempts, the discharge reduction time interval, the initial discharge volume of the current discharge reduction, the single discharge reduction rate, and the target discharge volume, the liquid consumption required for discharge reduction is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0025] in: To reduce the liquid consumption required for discharge, For the time interval of emission reduction, Number the number of times the emission was reduced; Based on the current design liquid volume, target remaining liquid volume, and liquid consumption required for emission reduction, calculate the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for initiating emission reduction.

[0026]

[0027] in: This is the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting to reduce discharge rate. The designed liquid volume for the current stage, The target remaining liquid volume; When the cumulative pumped liquid volume reaches the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting the reduction in discharge volume, the step-by-step reduction in discharge begins: (Previous) Every time Time drop ;No. The displacement was directly adjusted to .

[0028] Furthermore, the jump conditions include at least one of the following: the cumulative liquid volume of the stage reaches the target threshold; the cumulative sand volume of the stage reaches the target threshold; the real-time discharge volume reaches the target value and remains stable for a certain period of time.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes a manual intervention mechanism for manually adjusting parameters or forcibly switching processes during fracturing operations.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention can eliminate the manual judgment link by automatically matching the preset process through digital identification, and significantly reduce the dependence on manual labor and labor intensity; (2) This invention automatically starts the corresponding fracturing construction process by binding the process identifier to the corresponding control algorithm module, and automatically switches to the process corresponding to the next process identifier by setting the jump conditions according to the cumulative value of the stage parameters and the stage parameter threshold of each process identifier. This can improve the real-time performance and safety of abnormal response. (3) By executing the same logic on the same identification process and using modular algorithm declarative calls, the present invention can achieve full process standardization and consistency, and reduce the deviation of different well site parameters caused by manual operation; (4) This invention supports a variety of process combination variations by freely sorting process identifiers and enabling sub-processes on demand, covering the needs of unconventional oil and gas fracturing processes, and thus flexibly adapting to complex fracturing operation scenarios. (5) This invention executes routine operations by calling the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier, and intervenes in ambiguous scenarios by setting up a manual intervention mechanism, that is, manually adjusting parameters or forcibly jumping the process during fracturing construction, thereby achieving the goal of human-machine collaborative optimization of decision-making efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fracturing automation operation method based on process identifier driving. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a fracturing automation method based on process identifier driving includes steps S1-S3, as detailed below: S1. Divide the fracturing operation process into standardized procedures and set corresponding identifiers for the standardized procedures to obtain process identifiers.

[0034] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the standardized process includes a water purification process, an acid pretreatment process, a pre-treatment liquid process, a sand addition process, a displacement process, and a temporary plugging process.

[0035] S2. Based on process identifiers and the actual fracturing operation, predefine the process identifier sequence and the stage parameter threshold of each process identifier to construct the pumping plan table for fracturing operation.

[0036] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, during the process of constructing the pumping schedule for fracturing operations, the process identifiers are set freely according to the actual fracturing operations.

[0037] S3. Parse the pumping plan table of the fracturing operation, call the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier according to the process identifier sequence, so as to automatically start the corresponding fracturing operation process, collect real-time fracturing operation data, calculate the cumulative value of stage parameters, and set jump conditions according to the cumulative value of stage parameters and the stage parameter threshold of each process identifier to automatically switch to the process corresponding to the next process identifier until the pumping plan table of the fracturing operation is completed.

[0038] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the present invention calls the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier according to the process identifier sequence, specifically as follows: The clean water process (label 0) and the acid pretreatment process (label 1) are linked to an automatic upflow and discharge algorithm module.

[0039] The pre-flushing process of label 2 includes at least one of the following sub-processes: ball feeding sub-process, acid feeding sub-process, and stepped discharge sub-process; the ball feeding sub-process is bound to the ball setting seal monitoring algorithm module and the automatic discharge algorithm module; the acid feeding sub-process is bound to the acid drop monitoring algorithm module and the automatic discharge algorithm module; and the stepped discharge sub-process is bound to the automatic discharge algorithm module.

[0040] The sand-addition process marked 3 is bound to an automatic pressure control algorithm module and a sand blockage early warning algorithm module.

[0041] The replacement process for identifier 4 selects the algorithm based on the stage position; the final stage is bound to the automatic ranking reduction algorithm module; and the non-final stage is bound to the automatic pressure control algorithm module.

[0042] The temporary blocking process of Identifier 5 includes the ball-throwing sub-process and the tiered tiering sub-process; the ball-throwing sub-process is bound to the ball-seat blocking monitoring algorithm module and the automatic tiering algorithm module; the tiered tiering process is bound to the automatic tiering algorithm module.

[0043] The automatic pressure control algorithm module and the sand blockage early warning algorithm module can be directly implemented by existing methods in the field, specifically referring to the Chinese invention patent entitled "Intelligent Early Warning and Control Method for Sand Blockage in Fracturing Process".

[0044] The control process of the ball setting monitoring algorithm module is as follows: The cumulative liquid volume integral value is calculated and expressed as:

[0045] in: This is the cumulative liquid volume integral value. For module trigger time, for Displacement at any given moment; The effective volume of the sphere's path is calculated and expressed as:

[0046] in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's running path, the judgment condition for generating a successful setting prompt of the monitoring ball is constructed, expressed as:

[0047] in: Minimum setting pressure, MPa; Pressure increment, MPa; Determine if the conditions for generating a successful setting notification for the monitoring ball are met. If yes, generate the successful setting notification; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message will be generated indicating that no ball set-up was detected; otherwise, a message will be generated indicating that the ball set-up was not detected.

[0048] The control process of the automatic ranking algorithm module is as follows: The displacement increase is calculated based on real-time pressure and expressed as follows:

[0049]

[0050] in: To increase the displacement, m 3 / min, As the benchmark for displacement increase, m 3 / min, with a value range of 0.5-1.5. This is the attenuation sensitivity coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 3.0. Pressure margin, MPa For static margin weights, For dynamic correction coefficients, s, The pressure is set at an upper limit, in MPa. for The pressure of constant time; The equipment response waiting time is calculated based on the displacement increase magnitude and is expressed as follows:

[0051] in: This refers to the device response waiting time. To determine the sign of the maximum value, Minimum device response time, in seconds. The step size delay factor is s; Based on the displacement increase magnitude and equipment response time, a displacement update is performed, represented as follows:

[0052] in: for Displacement updated in real time, m³ / min, s for The time point when the order to be promoted is given, s. for Displacement at any given moment.

[0053] The control process of the acid degradation monitoring algorithm module is as follows: The cumulative liquid volume integral value is calculated and expressed as:

[0054] in: This is the cumulative liquid volume integral value. For module trigger time, for Displacement at any given moment; The effective volume of the sphere's path is calculated and expressed as:

[0055] in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's trajectory, the judgment condition for successfully generating the acid degradation detection prompt is constructed, as follows:

[0056] in: The minimum pressure drop due to acid degradation, expressed in MPa; The pressure drop is expressed in MPa. Determine if the conditions for generating a successful acid degradation detection message are met. If so, generate the message; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message indicating that acid degradation was not detected will be generated; otherwise, a message indicating that acid degradation detection was unsuccessful will be generated.

[0057] The control process of the automatic emission reduction algorithm module is as follows: Obtain the current stage design liquid volume, current initial discharge volume, target discharge volume, single discharge volume reduction, discharge time interval, and target remaining liquid volume; Based on the initial emission reduction, target emission reduction, and single emission reduction rate, the number of emission reduction cycles is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0058] in: To reduce the number of emissions, This represents the initial emission reduction volume. For the target displacement, This refers to the reduction in displacement per transaction; Based on the number of discharge reduction attempts, the discharge reduction time interval, the initial discharge volume of the current discharge reduction, the single discharge reduction rate, and the target discharge volume, the liquid consumption required for discharge reduction is calculated and expressed as follows:

[0059] in: To reduce the liquid consumption required for discharge, For the time interval of emission reduction, Number the number of times the emission was reduced; Based on the current design liquid volume, target remaining liquid volume, and liquid consumption required for emission reduction, calculate the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for initiating emission reduction.

[0060]

[0061] in: This is the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting to reduce discharge rate. The designed liquid volume for the current stage, The target remaining liquid volume; When the cumulative pumped liquid volume reaches the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting the reduction in discharge volume, the step-by-step reduction in discharge begins: (Previous) Every time Time drop ;No. The displacement was directly adjusted to .

[0062] This invention can call the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier according to the process identifier sequence to automatically start the corresponding fracturing construction process.

[0063] The jump conditions in this invention include at least one of the following: the cumulative liquid volume of a stage reaches the target threshold; the cumulative sand volume of a stage reaches the target threshold; the real-time discharge volume reaches the target value and remains stable for a certain period of time.

[0064] Specifically, this invention takes a shale gas fracturing operation as an example and analyzes the pumping schedule for the fracturing operation, as follows:

[0065] This invention sets jump conditions based on the cumulative value of stage parameters and the stage parameter threshold of each process identifier to automatically switch to the process corresponding to the next process identifier. The specific process includes steps 1-9, as follows: 1. Preset ball delivery rate is 3 m³ / min and acid delivery rate is 8 m³ / min.

[0066] 2. Stage 1: Clean water process (marked 0) Execution logic: Switch liquid type, call automatic flow-up algorithm, when the flow rate reaches 1m³ / min and the stage liquid volume accumulates to 2m³, automatically jump to stage 2.

[0067] 3. Stage 2: Acid pretreatment process (Identifier 1) Execution logic: Switch liquid type, call automatic up-discharge algorithm, when the discharge rate reaches 2m³ / min and the stage liquid volume accumulates to 10 m³, automatically jump to stage 3.

[0068] 4. Stage 3: Pre-fluidization process (Identifier 2) Execution logic: Switch liquid type, enter the ball delivery process (sub-process), call the automatic rise-drain algorithm. When the discharge rate reaches 3 m³ / min, call the ball setting monitoring algorithm. Based on the monitoring results, decide whether to jump the process. If the temporary blockage is successful, automatically enter the acid delivery process; if no result is detected, extend the monitoring time and issue a message reminder, requiring manual confirmation to enter the next process. Enter the acid delivery process (sub-process), call the automatic rise-drain algorithm. When the discharge rate reaches 8 m³ / min, call the acid drop monitoring algorithm. Based on the monitoring results, decide whether to jump the process. If the acid drop is determined to be in place, automatically enter the stepped rise-drain process; if no result is detected, extend the monitoring time and issue a message reminder, requiring manual confirmation to enter the next process. Enter the stepped rise-drain process, call the automatic rise-drain algorithm. When the discharge rate reaches 18 m³ / min and the stage liquid volume accumulates to 100 m³, automatically jump to Stage 4.

[0069] 5. Stages 4-11: Sand Addition Process (Identifier 3) Execution Logic: Switch proppant type, issue sand ratio command, call automatic pressure control algorithm and sand blockage early warning algorithm. After the liquid volume reaches the target volume and the sand volume meets the standard in each stage, it automatically proceeds to the next stage. Anomaly Handling: If an abnormal pressure is detected in stage 9, a sand blockage early warning alarm is triggered. The automatic pressure control algorithm outputs a new sand ratio and discharge rate. After the pressure returns to normal, it gradually restores to the target discharge rate.

[0070] 6. Stage 12: Replacement Process (Identifier 4) Execution Logic: Call the automatic pressure control algorithm. After the liquid volume reaches 60 m³, it will automatically enter the next stage.

[0071] 7. Stage 13: Temporary Blocking Process (Identifier 5) Execution Logic: Entering the temporary blocking ball insertion process (sub-process), the automatic discharge reduction algorithm is invoked. When the discharge rate reaches 3 m³ / min, the ball setting monitoring algorithm is invoked. Based on the monitoring results, it is determined whether to jump to the next process. If the temporary blocking is successful, the acid delivery process is automatically entered; if no results are detected, the monitoring time is extended and a message reminder is issued, requiring manual confirmation to proceed to the next process. Entering the stepped discharge process, the automatic discharge increase algorithm is invoked. When the discharge rate reaches 18 m³ / min and the stage liquid volume accumulates to 120 m³, it automatically jumps to Stage 14.

[0072] 8. Execution logic of sand addition process in stages 14-16 (marked 3): Same as stage 4-11, no description is given.

[0073] 9. Stage 17 Replacement Process (Identifier 4) Execution Logic: Call the automatic discharge reduction algorithm. After the liquid volume reaches 60 m³, stop the pump and the construction ends.

[0074] The invention also includes a manual intervention mechanism for manually adjusting parameters or forcibly switching processes during fracturing operations.

[0075] In this invention, the manual intervention mechanism serves as an important supplement to the automated process, primarily used for parameter optimization and mandatory process control. The specific intervention methods are as follows: Manual parameter adjustment: At any stage of the process, manual modification of key parameters (such as displacement, sand ratio, and liquid type) can be performed directly through the software interface, and the system will prioritize the manually set values. For example: 1> In the stage 3 stepped discharge process, if the automatic discharge algorithm does not meet expectations, the discharge rate can be manually increased to 18 m³ / min. 2> When pressure fluctuations occur in the sand addition stage (marked 3), if the automatic pressure control algorithm does not meet expectations, the sand ratio percentage can be manually lowered, and the discharge rate can be manually forced to decrease.

[0076] Forced jump to the next stage: Skip the current stage condition check by clicking the "Force Next Stage" button. For example, if the sand quantity in stage 4 is not enough, the operator can enter stage 5 by clicking the "Force Next Stage" button.

[0077] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0078] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0079] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0080] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in this invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A fracturing automation operation method based on process identifier driving, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The fracturing operation process is divided into standardized procedures, and corresponding identifiers are set for each standardized procedure to obtain process identification. Based on process identifiers and the actual fracturing operation, a predefined sequence of process identifiers and the stage parameter thresholds for each process identifier are used to construct a pumping schedule for fracturing operations. The pumping schedule for fracturing operations is parsed, and the control algorithm module bound to the process identifier is called according to the process identifier sequence to automatically start the corresponding fracturing operation process. Real-time fracturing operation data is collected to calculate the cumulative value of stage parameters. Jump conditions are set according to the cumulative value of stage parameters and the stage parameter threshold of each process identifier to automatically switch to the process corresponding to the next process identifier until the pumping schedule for fracturing operations is completed.

2. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized process includes the water purification process, acid pretreatment process, pre-treatment process, sand addition process, displacement process, and temporary plugging process.

3. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of constructing the pumping schedule for fracturing operations, process identifiers are set freely according to the actual fracturing operations.

4. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control algorithm module bound to the process identifier is invoked based on the process identifier sequence, specifically as follows: The clean water process (label 0) and the acid pretreatment process (label 1) are linked to an automatic upflow and discharge algorithm module; The pre-flushing process of label 2 includes at least one of the following sub-processes: ball feeding sub-process, acid feeding sub-process, and stepped discharge sub-process; the ball feeding sub-process is bound to the ball setting seal monitoring algorithm module and the automatic discharge algorithm module; the acid feeding sub-process is bound to the acid drop monitoring algorithm module and the automatic discharge algorithm module; the stepped discharge sub-process is bound to the automatic discharge algorithm module. The sand-addition process marked 3 is linked to an automatic pressure control algorithm module and a sand blockage early warning algorithm module; The replacement process for identifier 4 selects the algorithm based on the stage position; the final stage is bound to the automatic ranking reduction algorithm module; and the non-final stages are bound to the automatic pressure control algorithm module. The temporary blocking process of Identifier 5 includes the ball-throwing sub-process and the tiered tiering sub-process; the ball-throwing sub-process is bound to the ball-seat blocking monitoring algorithm module and the automatic tiering algorithm module; the tiered tiering process is bound to the automatic tiering algorithm module.

5. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control process of the ball setting monitoring algorithm module is as follows: The cumulative liquid volume integral value is calculated and expressed as: in: This is the cumulative liquid volume integral value. For module trigger time, for Displacement at any given moment; The effective volume of the sphere's path is calculated and expressed as: in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's running path, the judgment condition for generating a successful setting prompt of the monitoring ball is constructed, expressed as: in: Minimum setting pressure, MPa; This represents the pressure increment, in MPa. Determine if the conditions for generating a successful setting notification for the monitoring ball are met. If yes, generate the successful setting notification; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message will be generated indicating that no ball set-up was detected; otherwise, a message will be generated indicating that the ball set-up was not detected.

6. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control process of the automatic ranking algorithm module is as follows: The displacement increase is calculated based on real-time pressure and expressed as follows: in: To increase the displacement, m 3 / min, As the benchmark for displacement increase, m 3 / min, with a value range of 0.5-1.

5. This is the attenuation sensitivity coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 3.

0. Pressure margin, MPa For static margin weights, For dynamic correction coefficients, s, The pressure is set at an upper limit, in MPa. for The pressure of constant time; The equipment response waiting time is calculated based on the displacement increase magnitude and is expressed as follows: in: This refers to the device response waiting time. To determine the sign of the maximum value, Minimum device response time, in seconds. The step size delay factor is s; Based on the displacement increase magnitude and equipment response time, a displacement update is performed, represented as follows: in: for Displacement updated in real time, m³ / min, s for The time point when the order to be promoted is issued, s. for Displacement at any given moment.

7. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control process of the acid degradation monitoring algorithm module is as follows: The cumulative liquid volume integral value is calculated and expressed as: in: This is the cumulative liquid volume integral value. For module trigger time, for Displacement at any given moment; The effective volume of the sphere's path is calculated and expressed as: in: The effective volume of the sphere's path. Pi The diameter of the wellbore is in meters (m). The depth of the well corresponding to the current construction section, in meters (m). Based on the cumulative liquid volume integral value and the effective volume of the ball's trajectory, the judgment condition for successfully generating the acid degradation detection prompt is constructed, as follows: in: The minimum pressure drop due to acid degradation, expressed in MPa; The pressure drop is expressed in MPa. Determine if the conditions for generating a successful acid degradation detection message are met. If so, generate the message; otherwise, continue to determine if the conditions are met. hour < If so, a message indicating that acid degradation was not detected will be generated; otherwise, a message indicating that acid degradation detection was unsuccessful will be generated.

8. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control process of the automatic emission reduction algorithm module is as follows: Obtain the current stage design liquid volume, current initial discharge volume, target discharge volume, single discharge volume reduction, discharge time interval, and target remaining liquid volume; Based on the initial emission reduction, target emission reduction, and single emission reduction rate, the number of emission reduction cycles is calculated and expressed as follows: in: To reduce the number of emissions, This represents the initial emission reduction volume. For the target displacement, This refers to the reduction in displacement per transaction; Based on the number of discharge reduction attempts, the discharge reduction time interval, the initial discharge volume of the current discharge reduction, the single discharge reduction rate, and the target discharge volume, the liquid consumption required for discharge reduction is calculated and expressed as follows: in: To reduce the liquid consumption required for discharge, For the time interval of emission reduction, Number the number of times the emission was reduced; Based on the current design liquid volume, target remaining liquid volume, and liquid consumption required for emission reduction, calculate the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for initiating emission reduction. in: This is the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting to reduce discharge rate. The designed liquid volume for the current stage, The target remaining liquid volume; When the cumulative pumped liquid volume reaches the cumulative liquid volume trigger point for starting the reduction in discharge volume, the step-by-step reduction in discharge begins: (Previous) Every time Time drop ;No. The displacement was directly adjusted to .

9. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jump conditions include at least one of the following: the cumulative liquid volume of the stage reaches the target threshold; the cumulative sand volume of the stage reaches the target threshold; the real-time discharge volume reaches the target value and remains stable for a certain period of time.

10. The automated fracturing operation method based on process identifier driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a manual intervention mechanism for manually adjusting parameters or forcibly switching processes during fracturing operations.

Images