A high-temperature molten salt environment material fatigue performance test system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of material fatigue performance test system under high-temperature molten salt environment, belong to physical experiment equipment technical field, including rack, observation protective cover and electric arc molten salt heater, the inside of rack is equipped with crank rocker mechanism, and the inside of observation protective cover is equipped with sample pipe material.A pair of electric arc molten salt heater is arranged at the both ends of sample pipe material, and electric arc molten salt heater is connected by draw bolt, so as to be opposite with the both ends of sample pipe material, stepper motor is connected with single-chip microcomputer, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor rotates half circle, and electric arc molten salt heater rotates a circle.In use, molten salt is heated in electric arc molten salt heater, so that molten salt can flow between a pair of electric arc molten salt heater through sample pipe material.And realize that electric arc molten salt heater and sample pipe material are synchronous rotation along the axis of observation protective cover, simultaneously, crack total length on the surface of sample pipe material is detected by detection module, and sample test effect is evaluated by crack total length.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of physical experimental equipment and technology, specifically relating to a material fatigue performance testing system under high temperature molten salt environment. Background Technology

[0002] Molten salt energy storage is an advanced technology for large-scale, long-term energy storage, with broad application prospects in solar thermal power generation and nuclear energy applications. However, in practical applications, the molten salt environment (especially molten fluorides or chlorides used in nuclear reactors) has a very significant synergistic effect on the fatigue and creep behavior of materials. Furthermore, the three mechanisms of fatigue, creep, and corrosion act simultaneously in high-temperature molten salt and are coupled with each other, making the process extremely complex. This complex process cannot be described by mathematical models established under simple atmospheric conditions.

[0003] Therefore, current research and engineering applications rely on mechanism-based models, empirical corrections, and design criteria. These require a large number of experiments with equipment to obtain relatively stable data. However, existing experimental equipment generally suffers from complex structures, high costs, large footprints, and high energy consumption.

[0004] In view of this, the applicant proposes a new technical solution to develop a device for testing the changes of materials in a molten salt environment, in order to reduce the overall testing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this issue, the present invention provides a material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt conditions, thereby solving the problem of excessively high construction costs of existing testing equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention discloses a material fatigue performance testing system in a high-temperature molten salt environment, used to test the durability of pipes in molten salt, comprising:

[0008] The frame has a crank-rocker mechanism installed inside, which is connected to a stepper motor drive.

[0009] An observation protective cover is installed inside the sample tube. The observation protective cover is fixed to the crank rocker mechanism by bolts and swings back and forth on the frame.

[0010] A pair of electric arc molten salt heaters are rotatably mounted at both ends of the observation protective cover and are adapted to rotate synchronously along the axis of the observation protective cover. The pair of electric arc molten salt heaters are connected by pull bolts and abut against both ends of the sample tube.

[0011] The crank-rocker mechanism is equipped with a Hall sensor to detect the rotation angle of the electric arc molten salt heater. Both the electric arc molten salt heater and the stepper motor are connected to a microcontroller. When the electric arc molten salt heater rotates one revolution, the stepper motor rotates half a revolution.

[0012] Furthermore, a detection and acquisition housing is provided on the outside of the frame, a lighting lamp is provided on the top of the detection and acquisition housing, and a pair of detection modules are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the detection and acquisition housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the crank-rocker mechanism includes:

[0014] The bridge clamp has a fixed shaft on its outer side, which is rotatably mounted on the frame. The bridge clamp has a slot on its inner side, which is used to fix the observation protective cover.

[0015] The crankshaft is coaxially connected to the stepper motor at one end. The crankshaft is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the hinge position on the bridge clamp.

[0016] Furthermore, the observation protective cover is composed of two identical assembled sub-covers symmetrically spliced ​​together, and each assembled sub-cover includes:

[0017] The frame has an observation window in the middle, and the observation window is inlaid with quartz glass;

[0018] The retaining edge is provided on both sides of the frame, and the retaining edge is evenly provided with a number of countersunk holes;

[0019] The outer ring is semi-circular and has rollers inside. The outer ring is installed at both ends of the frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the electric arc molten salt heater includes:

[0021] The electrode cap has threads on the outside and a graphite electrode on the bottom;

[0022] An electric arc container is filled with inorganic salts, and its top is threadedly sealed to the electrode cover. A spiral sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electric arc container.

[0023] The flange is integrally formed with the bottom of the electric arc container at its end, and the flange is provided with a plurality of screw holes evenly distributed on the flange. The outer side of the flange is provided with a groove, and the roller is adapted to roll in the groove.

[0024] Furthermore, a thermocouple temperature sensor is installed inside the arc container, and the thermocouple temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller for signal transmission.

[0025] Furthermore, the spiral sleeve includes a flat key, a sleeve, and spiral blades. The spiral blades are disposed inside the sleeve, and a flat key is disposed outside the sleeve and is coaxially connected to the arc container through the flat key.

[0026] The sleeve and the spiral blade are integrally formed by precision metal casting.

[0027] Furthermore, the detection module includes an ultrasonic detector and an artificial intelligence module, and its working process includes:

[0028] The ultrasonic detector is fixed to the top of the detection and acquisition housing and collects the cracks in the sample tube in real time.

[0029] Each rotation of the stepper motor detects all the tiny cracks on the surface of the sample tube through a real-time ultrasonic detector and forms a crack plane unfolding dataset.

[0030] The length of the crack plane development dataset is detected by an artificial intelligence module. For each rotation of the stepper motor, the increment K of the total crack length is calculated, and the specific value of the increment K is saved before the sample tube fails.

[0031] Furthermore, the frame includes a base, a stand, a fixed shaft mounting position, and a motor mounting position. The stand is vertically mounted on the top of the base, and the fixed shaft mounting position is located at the top of the stand. A fixed shaft is rotatably mounted within the fixed shaft mounting position, and a crankshaft is rotatably mounted within the motor mounting position.

[0032] Furthermore, a movable part is installed at the bottom of the base.

[0033] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] This invention discloses a material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt conditions. A stepper motor drives a crank-rocker mechanism to swing an observation protective cover back and forth. The protective cover contains a sample tube, with both ends fixed to an electric arc molten salt heater. The electric arc molten salt heater heats the molten salt. During the swinging motion of the protective cover, the molten salt repeatedly passes through the sample tube, causing the tube to rotate. This allows observation of cracks appearing on the sample tube surface and the determination of the molten salt's impact on the test material. Compared to existing technologies, this invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, and minimal space requirements, solving the problem of excessively high construction costs for existing testing equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0036] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the material fatigue performance testing system under high temperature molten salt environment provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A perspective view of the electric arc molten salt heater provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A perspective view of the observation protective cover provided for this invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A perspective view of the crank-rocker mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A perspective view of the frame provided for this invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sample tube installation provided by the present invention;

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Base; 12. Stand; 13. Fixed shaft mounting position; 14. Motor mounting position; 2. Detection and acquisition housing; 3. Observation and protection cover; 31. Frame; 32. Outer ring; 33. Clamping edge; 34. Countersunk hole; 35. Observation window; 4. Hall sensor; 5. Arc molten salt heater; 51. Electrode cover; 52. Arc container; 53. Flange; 54. Groove; 55. Spiral sleeve; 551. Flat key; 552. Sleeve; 553. Spiral blade; 6. Detection module; 7. Crank rocker mechanism; 71. Bridge clamp; 72. Fixed shaft; 73. Crankshaft; 74. Slot; 75. Hinge position; 76. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to this as well. Figures 1-6 This invention discloses a material fatigue performance testing system in a high-temperature molten salt environment, used to test the durability of pipes in molten salt. The system includes a frame 1, an observation protective cover 3, and electric arc molten salt heaters 5. The frame 1 is made of cast iron, providing good stability. A crank-rocker mechanism 7 is installed inside the frame 1, and is connected to a stepper motor. Since the observation protective cover 3 is bolted to the crank-rocker mechanism 7, the stepper motor can drive the observation protective cover 3 to swing back and forth via the crank-rocker mechanism 7. Inside the observation protective cover 3, a sample pipe is installed. A pair of electric arc molten salt heaters 5 are installed at both ends of the sample pipe, connected by bolts and abutting against both ends of the sample pipe. In this embodiment, the electric arc molten salt heaters 5 heat the molten salt through an electric arc, allowing the molten salt to flow between the pair of electric arc molten salt heaters 5 through the sample pipe. On the other hand, a pair of electric arc molten salt heaters 5 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the observation protective cover 3. During the flow of molten salt, the electric arc molten salt heaters 5 and the sample tube can rotate synchronously along the axis of the observation protective cover 3.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 The electric arc molten salt heater 5 includes an electrode cover 51, an electric arc container 52, and a flange 53. The electrode cover 51 has threads on its outer side, and a graphite electrode 56 is located at its bottom. The graphite electrode 56 generates an electric arc when energized, which heats the inorganic salt inside the electric arc container 52. The top of the electric arc container 52 is threadedly sealed to the electrode cover 51 to prevent molten salt leakage. It should be noted that a spiral sleeve 55 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electric arc container 52, and a thermocouple temperature sensor is installed inside the electric arc container 52. The thermocouple temperature sensor is connected to a microcontroller to monitor the molten salt temperature in real time. On the other hand, the end of the flange 53 is integrally formed with the bottom of the electric arc container 52, and the flange 53 has multiple evenly distributed threaded holes for installing pull bolts, allowing the flange 53 to abut against the sample tube. A groove 54 is provided on the outer side of the flange 53, and rollers are adapted to roll within the groove 54. During the process of molten salt flowing through the spiral sleeve 55, the spiral sleeve 55 can drive the electric arc molten salt heater 5 and the sample tube to rotate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the spiral sleeve 55 includes a flat key 551, a sleeve 552, and a spiral blade 553, wherein the sleeve 552 and the spiral blade 553 are integrally formed by a metal precision casting process. The spiral blade 553 is disposed inside the sleeve 552, and the flat key 551 is disposed outside the sleeve 552 and is coaxially connected to the arc container 52 through the flat key 551. Thus, during the process of molten salt flowing through the spiral sleeve 55, the sample tube rotates due to the swirling flow generated by the molten salt flowing through the spiral blade 553.

[0048] Based on the previous embodiment, a Hall sensor 4 for detecting the rotation angle of the arc molten salt heater 5 is installed on the crank-rocker mechanism 7. Both the arc molten salt heater 5 and the stepper motor are connected to a microcontroller; for every one revolution of the arc molten salt heater 5, the stepper motor rotates half a revolution. Furthermore, a detection and acquisition housing 2 is provided outside the frame 1. A pair of detection modules 6 are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the detection and acquisition housing 2. During the rotation of the sample tube, the detection modules 6 can be used to detect the total length of cracks on the surface of the sample tube.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 The detection module 6 includes an ultrasonic detector and an artificial intelligence module. Its operation involves first fixing the ultrasonic detector to the top of the detection and acquisition housing 2 and acquiring real-time data on cracks in the sample tube. Then, with each rotation of the stepper motor, all the minute cracks on the sample tube surface are detected by the real-time ultrasonic detector, forming a crack plane development dataset. Finally, the artificial intelligence module detects the length of the crack plane development dataset. With each rotation of the stepper motor, the increment K of the total crack length is calculated, and the specific value of the increment K is saved before the sample tube fails.

[0050] In some embodiments, the crank-rocker mechanism 7 includes a bridge clamp 71 and a crankshaft 73. A fixed shaft 72 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bridge clamp 71, and the fixed shaft 72 is rotatably disposed on the frame 1. A slot 74 is provided on the inner side of the bridge clamp 71. The slot 74 is fixed to the observation protective cover 3 by fasteners, so that the protective cover 3 can wrap the sample tube and prevent the molten salt from flowing out due to sample tube failure. On the other hand, the end of the crankshaft 73 is coaxially connected to a stepper motor. One end of the crankshaft 73 is hinged to a connecting rod 76, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a hinge position 75 on the bridge clamp 71.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3The observation protective cover 3 is symmetrically assembled from two identical sub-covers. Each sub-cover includes a frame 31, an outer ring 32, and a retaining edge 33. The frame 31 has an observation window 35 in its center. The frame 31 is made of stainless steel, while the observation window 35 is inlaid with quartz glass. Retaining edges 33 are located on both sides of the frame 31, each with a number of countersunk holes 34 for fixing the bridge clamp 71. The outer ring 32 is located at both ends of the frame 31. The outer ring 32 is semi-circular and contains rollers, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the observation protective cover 3 and the arc molten salt heater 5 through rolling friction.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the frame 1 includes a base 11, a vertical frame 12, a fixed shaft mounting position 13, and a motor mounting position 14. The vertical frame 12 is vertically mounted on the top of the base 11, and a movable component, such as a caster wheel or ball bearing, is mounted on the bottom of the base 11. The fixed shaft mounting position 13 is located at the top of the vertical frame 12, and a fixed shaft 72 is rotatably mounted within the fixed shaft mounting position 13. A crankshaft 73 is rotatably mounted within the motor mounting position 14. In this embodiment, the crankshaft 73 acts as a crank, driven to rotate by a stepper motor, and drives the bridge clamp 71 to swing via a connecting rod 76.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A material fatigue performance testing system in a high-temperature molten salt environment, used to test the durability of sample tubing in molten salt, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) is equipped with a crank-rocker mechanism (7) inside, which is connected to the stepper motor. The observation protective cover (3) contains sample tubes. The observation protective cover (3) is fixed to the crank rocker mechanism (7) by bolts and swings back and forth on the frame (1). A pair of electric arc molten salt heaters (5) are rotatably disposed at both ends of the observation protective cover (3) and adapted to rotate synchronously along the axis of the observation protective cover (3). The pair of electric arc molten salt heaters (5) are connected by bolts and abut against both ends of the sample tube. The crank rocker mechanism (7) is equipped with a Hall sensor (4) for detecting the rotation angle of the electric arc molten salt heater (5). The electric arc molten salt heater (5) and the stepper motor are both connected to a microcontroller. When the electric arc molten salt heater (5) rotates one revolution, the stepper motor rotates half a revolution. The crank-rocker mechanism (7) includes: The bridge clamp (71) has a fixed shaft (72) fixed on its outer side. The fixed shaft (72) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The bridge clamp (71) has a slot (74) on its inner side. The slot (74) is fixed to the observation protective cover (3) by fasteners. The crankshaft (73) is coaxially connected to the stepper motor at one end. The crankshaft (73) is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (76), and the other end of the connecting rod (76) is hinged to the hinge position (75) on the bridge clamp (71). The electric arc molten salt heater (5) includes: The electrode cover (51) has threads on the outside and a graphite electrode (56) on the bottom. An electric arc container (52) is filled with inorganic salts. Its top is threadedly sealed to the electrode cover (51). A spiral sleeve (55) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electric arc container (52). The flange (53) is integrally formed with the bottom of the electric arc container (52) at its end, and a plurality of screw holes are evenly provided on the flange (53). A groove (54) is provided on the outer side of the flange (53), and the roller is adapted to roll in the groove (54). The spiral sleeve (55) includes a flat key (551), a sleeve (552) and a spiral blade (553). The spiral blade (553) is provided inside the sleeve (552), and the flat key (551) is provided outside the sleeve (552) and is coaxially connected to the arc container (52) through the flat key (551). The sleeve (552) and the spiral blade (553) are integrally formed by metal precision casting process.

2. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a detection and acquisition housing (2) on the outside, and a pair of detection modules (6) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the detection and acquisition housing (2).

3. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The observation protective cover (3) is composed of two identical assembled covers symmetrically spliced ​​together, and each assembled cover includes: The frame (31) has an observation window (35) in the middle, and the observation window (35) is inlaid with quartz glass; The edge (33) is provided on both sides of the frame (31), and the edge (33) is evenly provided with a plurality of countersunk holes (34). The outer ring (32) is semi-circular and has rollers inside. The outer ring (32) is installed at both ends of the frame (31).

4. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A thermocouple temperature sensor is installed inside the arc container (52), and the thermocouple temperature sensor is connected to the microcontroller signal.

5. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module (6) includes an ultrasonic detector and an artificial intelligence module, and its working process includes: The ultrasonic detector is fixed to the top of the detection and acquisition housing (2) and collects the cracks in the sample tube in real time; Each rotation of the stepper motor detects all the tiny cracks on the surface of the sample tube through a real-time ultrasonic detector and forms a crack plane unfolding dataset. The length of the crack plane development dataset is detected by an artificial intelligence module. For each rotation of the stepper motor, the increment K of the total crack length is calculated, and the specific value of the increment K is saved before the sample tube fails.

6. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) includes a base (11), a stand (12), a fixed shaft mounting position (13) and a motor mounting position (14). The stand (12) is vertically mounted on the top of the base (11). The fixed shaft mounting position (13) is mounted on the top of the stand (12). A fixed shaft (72) is rotatably mounted in the fixed shaft mounting position (13). A crankshaft (73) is rotatably mounted in the motor mounting position (14).

7. The material fatigue performance testing system under high-temperature molten salt environment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The base (11) has a movable part installed at its bottom.

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