Additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment for FDM and additive and subtractive manufacturing control method for FDM
By integrating additive and subtractive manufacturing functions, FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment has solved the problems of logistics transfer and secondary clamping, realized an efficient and low-cost production process, and promoted the large-scale application of FDM technology.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511233974.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
AI Technical Summary
After additive manufacturing, FDM technology needs to be transferred to subtractive manufacturing equipment, which involves time-consuming transportation and the risk of damage. Before subtractive manufacturing, it requires repeated alignment and relies on manual labor, resulting in a complicated production process, extended cycle, and increased cost, which limits its large-scale application.
Design an additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment for FDM, comprising a base, a moving mechanism, and an electrical control system, integrating additive and subtractive manufacturing functions, and achieving integrated production through the moving mechanism and electrical control system, avoiding logistics transfers and secondary clamping, and simplifying the process.
It achieves seamless integration of additive and subtractive manufacturing, simplifies the production process, reduces production cycle and cost, and improves production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121105384A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of printing equipment technology, and in particular to an FDM additive manufacturing equipment and an FDM additive manufacturing control method. Background Technology
[0002] 3D additive manufacturing technology is widely used due to its advantage of rapidly prototyping complex structures. Among them, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) plays an important role in the manufacturing of hot-melt plastic products due to its low cost, simple operation, and diverse materials. However, FDM technology builds by stacking molten filaments layer by layer. The interlayer bonding and filament stacking method can lead to a rough surface, forming textures and unevenness, which cannot directly meet the surface smoothness requirements of most scenarios. It is necessary to use subtractive manufacturing equipment for machining to improve surface quality. However, after additive manufacturing, the product needs to be transferred to subtractive manufacturing equipment, which involves transportation time and the risk of damage. Before subtractive manufacturing, repeated alignment is required, which relies on manual labor and is difficult to guarantee accuracy. Special clamping fixtures are required during processing, which increases costs and requires the reservation of clamping positions to limit product design. These factors lead to a cumbersome production process, longer cycle time, reduced efficiency, and increased costs, which restricts the large-scale application of FDM technology. Therefore, a technical solution to this problem is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Therefore, in order to overcome at least some of the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment and an FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing control method.
[0004] Specifically, on one hand, the additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment for FDM provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes: a base, the base including a printing operation area and a cooling and unloading area arranged adjacent to each other along the length direction, the printing operation area being used for additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing; a first worktable for placing the printed product, the first worktable being movable in the printing operation area and the cooling and unloading area; a moving mechanism including two X-axis located on both sides of the base, a Y-axis disposed between the two X-axis, and a first Z-axis and a second Z-axis disposed on the Y-axis; and an additive manufacturing device disposed on the first Z-axis. The additive manufacturing unit is located in the printing work area and can reciprocate along the first Z-axis. The additive manufacturing unit is used to print products. The subtractive manufacturing unit is located on the second Z-axis and in the printing work area. The subtractive manufacturing unit can reciprocate along the second Z-axis. The subtractive manufacturing unit is used to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product. The electronic control system is used to control the operation of the first worktable, the moving mechanism, the additive manufacturing unit and the subtractive manufacturing unit. The electronic control system is used to control the moving mechanism to drive the additive manufacturing unit or the subtractive manufacturing unit to move along three axes.
[0005] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, working avoidance areas are also provided on both sides of the base in the width direction. The two working avoidance areas are located on both sides of the printing work area, and the two working avoidance areas are respectively used to accommodate the first Z-axis and the second Z-axis.
[0006] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the cooling unloading area includes two cooling unloading areas located on opposite sides of the printing operation area; the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment further includes: a second worktable for placing the printed product, the second worktable being movable between the printing operation area and the cooling unloading area; when the first worktable is in the printing state or the subtractive state, the second worktable is in the product cooling state, the finished product unloading state, or the idle state; when the second worktable is in the printing state or the subtractive state, the first worktable is in the product cooling state, the finished product unloading state, or the idle state.
[0007] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the FDM additive manufacturing equipment further includes: a chip removal device disposed on the base, the chip removal device being used to clean up cutting waste; and a feeding device having an outlet and a recovery inlet, the outlet being connected to the additive manufacturing device, and the cutting waste entering the feeding device through the recovery inlet.
[0008] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the feeding device includes: a raw material storage tank for storing additive printing raw materials, the discharge port being disposed on the raw material storage tank; a waste recycling tank disposed on the upper side of the raw material storage tank, the waste recycling tank having a waste discharge port on the side near the raw material storage tank; and a waste screening mechanism located between the waste discharge port and the raw material storage tank, the waste screening mechanism being used to screen the cutting waste in the waste recycling tank and then send it into the raw material storage tank.
[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a waste chip discharge section and a waste chip collection section are provided on one side of the base. The waste chip collection section is located at one end of the waste chip discharge section, and the chip removal device is disposed on the waste chip discharge section. The chip removal device includes a drive motor and a screw component electrically connected to the drive motor. The drive motor is used to drive the screw component to discharge cutting waste to the waste chip collection section.
[0010] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the waste recycling tank is further connected to a waste recycling pipe and a negative pressure generator. The waste recycling pipe extends to the waste chip collection section, and the negative pressure generator is used to recycle the cutting waste from the waste chip collection section into the waste recycling tank through the waste recycling pipe.
[0011] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide an FDM additive-subtractive manufacturing control method applicable to the FDM additive-subtractive manufacturing equipment as described above, comprising: controlling a first worktable to move to the printing operation area of the base; controlling a moving mechanism and an additive manufacturing device to print a product onto the first worktable; moving the first worktable to the cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product; controlling the first worktable to move to the printing operation area of the base; and controlling the moving mechanism and the subtractive manufacturing device to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product.
[0012] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, after the first worktable is moved to the cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product, and before the first worktable is moved to the printing operation area of the base, the method further includes: moving a second worktable to the printing operation area of the base; controlling the moving mechanism and the additive manufacturing device to print the product onto the second worktable; and moving the second worktable to another cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product.
[0013] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, before the control moving mechanism and the additive manufacturing device print the product onto the first worktable, the method further includes: controlling the second Z-axis to move to the working clearance area of the base to avoid the operation of the additive manufacturing device on the first Z-axis; before the control moving mechanism and the subtractive manufacturing device to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product, the method further includes: controlling the first Z-axis to move to the working clearance area of the base to avoid the operation of the subtractive manufacturing device on the second Z-axis.
[0014] As can be seen from the above, the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a printing operation area and a cooling unloading area on the base, setting a first Z-axis and a second Z-axis on the moving mechanism, and setting an additive manufacturing device on the first Z-axis and a subtractive manufacturing device on the second Z-axis, can realize integrated production of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing through FDM additive manufacturing equipment, complete additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing, eliminate the need for logistics transfer before subtractive manufacturing, and eliminate the need for secondary clamping and secondary processing, simplify the production process, reduce the production cycle, improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment for FDM provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of an additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment for FDM; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-axis, the first Z-axis, and the second Z-axis; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the Y-axis structure; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the second Z-axis in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central feeding device; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the feeding device; Figure 9 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the chip removal device; Figure 10 A schematic flowchart of an additive and subtractive manufacturing control method for FDM provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partial flowchart illustrating the additive and subtractive manufacturing control method for FDM provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] Key component designations: 10. Base; 11. Printing area; 12. Cooling and unloading area; 13. Sliding door; 14. Waste discharge section; 15. Waste collection section; 16. Work clearance area; 110. First worktable; 120. Second worktable; 200. Moving mechanism; 210. First Z-axis; 220. Second Z-axis; 221. Z-axis main frame; 222. Moving motor; 223. Lead screw; 224. Nut; 225. First fixing component; 226. Second fixing component; 230. X-axis; 240. Y-axis; 250. Sliding connector; 30. Feeding device; 31. Raw material storage tank; 3 2. Waste recycling tank; 33. Waste screening mechanism; 34. Agitator motor; 35. Agitator component; 36. Screening outlet; 301. Outlet; 302. Recycling inlet; 311. Feeding component; 321. Waste recycling pipe; 322. Negative pressure generator; 40. Chip removal device; 41. Drive motor; 42. Spiral component; 400. Additive manufacturing device; 410. Printing mechanism; 411. Printing outlet; 420. Heating and cooling mechanism; 50. Electrical control system; 500. Subtractive manufacturing device; 510. Subtractive manufacturing drive component; 520. Tool holder; 530. Machining tool; 60. Display screen. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments described in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0019] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, and bottom) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the term "vertical" used in the embodiments and claims refers to an angle of 90° between two components or a deviation of -5° to +5°, and the term "parallel" refers to an angle of 0° between two components or a deviation of -5° to +5°.
[0020] In the embodiments of this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
[0021] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides an additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus for FDM (Fiber to the Material) manufacturing, including a base 10, a first worktable 110, a moving mechanism 200, an additive manufacturing device 400, a subtractive manufacturing device 500, and an electrical control system 50. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus is used for 3D additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing.
[0022] Specifically, the base 10 includes a printing operation area 11 and a cooling and unloading area 12. The printing operation area 11 and the cooling and unloading area 12 can be arranged adjacent to each other along the length of the base 10, for example. The printing operation area 11 is used for additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing, and the cooling and unloading area 12 is used for cooling the additively manufactured product or unloading the subtractive manufactured product. A first worktable 110 is used to place the printed product. The first worktable 110 is disposed within the base 10 and can move between the printing operation area 11 and the cooling and unloading area 12. That is, the first worktable 110 can reciprocate along the length of the base 10 under the control of the electronic control system 50. The first worktable 110 can be equipped with a corresponding drive mechanism, front and rear positioning mechanism, and positioning mechanism. The electronic control system 50 controls the first worktable 110 to move to the target position through the control of the drive mechanism and the identification of the front and rear positioning mechanism and positioning mechanism. Of course, this embodiment is not limited to this. The moving mechanism 200 includes a first Z-axis 210 and a second Z-axis 220. An additive manufacturing device 400 is disposed on the first Z-axis 210 and can reciprocate along the first Z-axis 210. The additive manufacturing device 400 is used to print products. A subtractive manufacturing device 500 is disposed on the second Z-axis 220 and can reciprocate along the second Z-axis 220. The subtractive manufacturing device 500 is used to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product.
[0023] When product printing is required, the electronic control system 50 can, for example, first control the first worktable 110 to move to the printing work area 11 of the base 10. The electronic control system 50 controls the moving mechanism 200 to drive the additive manufacturing device 400 to move in three axes on the first worktable 110 to print the product. After printing, the first worktable 110 can be moved to the cooling and unloading area 12 for cooling. After cooling, the first worktable 110 can be moved back to the printing work area 11. The electronic control system 50 controls the moving mechanism 200 to drive the subtractive manufacturing device 500 to move in three axes to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product, thus completing the 3D product printing. After the product subtractive manufacturing is completed, the electronic control system 50 can also, for example, control the first worktable 110 to move linearly to the cooling and unloading area 12 to unload the completed product and separate it from the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment to the designated finished product position. The side of the base 10 can, for example, be provided with a moving door 13, which can be opened to separate and move the finished product out. Then, the first workbench 110 is cleaned to ensure it is in a standby state. In one embodiment of this invention, the electronic control system 50 may also be connected to a display screen 60, which can be used for user operation and display. Of course, this embodiment is not limited thereto.
[0024] This invention, through the provision of a printing work area 11 and a cooling unloading area 12 on a base 10, and a first Z-axis 210 and a second Z-axis 220 on a moving mechanism 200, and the provision of an additive manufacturing device 400 on the first Z-axis 210 and a subtractive manufacturing device 500 on the second Z-axis 220, enables integrated production using FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment. This eliminates the need for logistics transfer before subtractive manufacturing, as well as secondary clamping and processing, simplifying the production process, reducing the production cycle, improving production efficiency, and lowering production costs.
[0025] Furthermore, the moving mechanism 200 also includes two X-axis 230s located on both sides of the base 10 and a Y-axis 240 disposed between the two X-axis 230s. A first Z-axis 210 and a second Z-axis 220 are disposed on the Y-axis 240. The Y-axis 240 can reciprocate along the two X-axis 230s. The first Z-axis 210 and the second Z-axis 220 can reciprocate along the Y-axis 240 respectively. The additive manufacturing device 400 can reciprocate along the first Z-axis 210, and the subtractive manufacturing device 500 can reciprocate along the second Z-axis 220.
[0026] In one embodiment of this invention, the first Z-axis 210 is movable to one end of the Y-axis 240, and the second Z-axis 220 is movable to the other end of the Y-axis 240. When the additive manufacturing apparatus 400 is operating, the electronic control system 50 can, for example, control the second Z-axis 220 to be located at the other end of the Y-axis 240 to avoid affecting the movement of the first Z-axis 210. Similarly, when the subtractive manufacturing apparatus 500 is operating, the electronic control system can, for example, control the first Z-axis 210 to avoid being located at one end of the Y-axis 240 to avoid affecting the movement of the second Z-axis 220.
[0027] See also Figure 2 The base 10 also has two working clearance areas 16 on both sides in the width direction. These two working clearance areas 16 are located on both sides of the printing work area 11 and are used to accommodate the first Z-axis 210 and the second Z-axis 220, respectively. When the additive manufacturing unit 400 is operating, the electronic control system 50 can, for example, control the second Z-axis 220 to be located within the working clearance area 16 away from the first Z-axis 210, so that the operation of the first Z-axis 210 will not be affected. Similarly, when the subtractive manufacturing unit 500 is operating, the electronic control system can, for example, control the first Z-axis 210 to be located within the working clearance area 16 away from the second Z-axis 220, so that the operation of the second Z-axis 220 will not be affected.
[0028] Further, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The first Z-axis 210 and the second Z-axis 220 are slidably connected to the Y-axis 240 via a sliding connector 250. The Y-axis 240 may be provided with a slide rail, and the sliding connector 250 is provided with a slide groove. The slide rail is disposed within the slide groove, thereby enabling the first Z-axis 210 and the second Z-axis 220 to slide on the Y-axis 240 respectively. (See also...) Figure 5 , Figure 5 The diagram shows an exploded view of the second Z-axis 220. The second Z-axis 220 may include a Z-axis main frame 221, a moving motor 222, a lead screw 223, and a nut 224. The moving motor 222 is connected to the lead screw 223 and is used to drive the lead screw 223 to rotate. The lead screw 223 passes through the nut 224 and is rotatably connected to the nut 224. The Z-axis main frame 221 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 223. The lead screw 223 can be fixed to the Z-axis main frame 221 by a first fixing member 225 and a second fixing member 226. The first fixing member 225 and the second fixing member 226 are located at opposite ends of the lead screw 223, and the lead screw 223 passes through and is fixed within the first fixing member 225 and the second fixing member 226. The first fixing member 225 and the second fixing member 226 are fixedly connected to the Z-axis main frame 221. Nut 224 can be fixedly connected to sliding connector 250, meaning nut 224 can move along Y-axis 240 but cannot move along Z-axis relative to Y-axis 240. With this configuration, the moving motor 222 controls the rotation of lead screw 223 to control the Z-axis main frame 221 to move up and down along Z-axis. Furthermore, when Z-axis main frame 221 moves upward, the second fixing member 226 can limit the position of Z-axis main frame 221 by interacting with nut 224, thus limiting its highest position. This allows Z-axis main frame 221 to move to the height of Y-axis 240, and when necessary, to move to the working avoidance area 16. Therefore, when first Z-axis 210 is working, second Z-axis 220 has a better avoidance effect, further preventing work interference.
[0029] In one embodiment of this invention, the cooling unloading area 12 may include two such areas, located on opposite sides of the printing work area 11. The FDM additive manufacturing equipment may also include a second worktable 120 for placing the printed product. The second worktable 120 can move between the printing work area 11 and the cooling unloading area 12. The second worktable 120 may be equipped with a corresponding drive mechanism, front-to-back positioning mechanism, and positioning mechanism. The electronic control system 50 controls the second worktable 120 to move to the target position by controlling the drive mechanism and recognizing the front-to-back positioning and positioning mechanisms. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. When the first worktable 110 is in the printing or subtractive manufacturing state, the second worktable 120 is in the product cooling state, finished product unloading state, or idle state; when the second worktable 120 is in the printing or subtractive manufacturing state, the first worktable 110 is in the product cooling state, finished product unloading state, or idle state. By setting up two worktables, the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment can be in additive or subtractive manufacturing mode as needed, avoiding wasted time waiting for the product to cool down, thereby further improving production efficiency.
[0030] See Figure 3 In one embodiment of this invention, the additive manufacturing device 400 includes, for example, a printing mechanism 410 and a heating and cooling mechanism 420. The heating and cooling mechanism 420 is connected to the printing mechanism 410, and the printing mechanism 410 is provided with a printing outlet 411 through which printing material is output. The subtractive manufacturing device 500 includes a subtractive manufacturing drive 510, a tool holder 520, and a machining tool 530. The machining tool 530 is detachably connected to the tool holder 520, and the subtractive manufacturing drive 510 is used to drive the machining tool 530 to work. Of course, this embodiment is not limited to this, and the specific configuration can be determined according to actual needs.
[0031] See Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The FDM additive manufacturing equipment also includes a chip removal device 40 and a feeding device 30. The chip removal device 40 is mounted on the base 10 and is used to remove cutting waste. The feeding device 30 has an outlet 301 and a recovery inlet 302. The feeding device 30 can be located, for example, on one side of the base 10. The outlet 301 connects to the additive manufacturing unit 400, and the feeding device 30 provides printing material to the additive manufacturing unit 400. Cutting waste enters the feeding device 30 through the recovery inlet 302 for recycling. Through the chip removal device 40 and the feeding device 30, cutting waste can be recycled and reused.
[0032] Specifically, see Figure 4The feeding device 30 includes a raw material storage tank 31, a waste recycling tank 32, and a waste screening mechanism 33. The raw material storage tank 31 is used to store additive printing raw materials, and a discharge port 301 is provided on the raw material storage tank 31. The waste recycling tank 32 is located on the upper side of the raw material storage tank 31, and a waste discharge port (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side of the waste recycling tank 32 near the raw material storage tank 31. The waste discharge port is used to discharge the recycled waste in the waste recycling tank 32 into the raw material storage tank 31. The waste screening mechanism 33 is located between the waste discharge port and the raw material storage tank 31. For example, a screening discharge port 36 can be provided on the lower side of the waste screening mechanism 33. The screening discharge port 36 is located inside the raw material storage tank 31. The waste screening mechanism 33 is used to screen the cutting waste in the waste recycling tank 32 and send it into the raw material storage tank 31. The screened waste enters the raw material storage tank 31 through the screening discharge port 36. By setting up the raw material storage tank 31, the waste recycling tank 32 and the waste screening mechanism 33, the recycling and reuse of cutting waste is realized. Furthermore, the waste screening mechanism 33 filters and screens the recycled cutting waste to prevent impurities from entering the raw material storage tank 31 and causing adverse effects on printing.
[0033] In one embodiment of this example, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the feeding device 30 can be fixed to a support, for example, to improve stability. The raw material storage tank 31 can be, for example, a funnel-shaped structure, with the top opening of the raw material storage tank 31 being larger than the bottom. The top opening can be used, for example, to pour the raw material into the tank. The discharge port 301 can be, for example, provided on the feeding component 311, which is connected to the bottom of the raw material storage tank 31. The feeding component 311 can be, for example, a spiral feeding component, which conveys the raw material to the additive manufacturing device 400. The raw material storage tank 31 can also be provided with a stirring component 35, for example. The stirring component 35 is connected to a stirring motor 34, which is fixed to the top of the raw material storage tank 31. A fixing frame can be provided on the top opening, for example, and the stirring motor 34 is fixed to the fixing frame. The raw material can be stirred by the stirring motor 34 and the stirring component 35.
[0034] See also Figure 2 For example, a waste chip discharge section 14 and a waste chip collection section 15 may also be provided on one side of the base 10. The waste chip collection section 15 is located at one end of the waste chip discharge section 14, and the chip removal device 40 is provided on the waste chip discharge section 14. See also Figure 6The chip removal device 40 includes a drive motor 41 and a screw component 42 electrically connected to the drive motor 41. The drive motor 41 drives the screw component 42 to discharge cutting waste to the chip collection section 15. The drive motor 41 has a drive shaft, which rotates the screw component 42 when rotating. The screw component 42's spiral structure discharges the cutting waste to the chip collection section 15. By providing the chip removal device 40, cutting waste can be collected in the chip collection section 15, facilitating its recycling and improving recycling efficiency.
[0035] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The waste recycling tank 32 is also connected to a waste recycling pipe 321 and a negative pressure generator 322. The waste recycling pipe 321 extends to the waste collection section 15, and the negative pressure generator 322 is used to recycle the cutting waste from the waste collection section 15 into the waste recycling tank 32 through the waste recycling pipe 321. The recycling inlet 302 may be located, for example, on one side of the upper end of the waste recycling tank 32. One end of the waste recycling pipe 321 is connected to the recycling inlet 302, and the other end extends to the waste collection section 15. When the negative pressure generator 322 is working, the cutting waste on the waste collection section 15 is recycled into the waste recycling tank 32 through the waste recycling pipe 321.
[0036] See Figure 7 This invention also provides a method for controlling the manufacturing of additive and subtractive materials for FDM, applied to the FDM additive and subtractive material manufacturing equipment described in the above embodiments. The method includes the following steps: S10, control the first worktable to move to the printing work area of the base; S20, control the moving mechanism and additive manufacturing device to print the product onto the first worktable; S30, move the first workbench to the cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product; S40, control the first worktable to move to the printing work area of the base; S50, control the moving mechanism and the subtractive manufacturing device to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product.
[0037] Specifically, when product printing is required, the electronic control system 50 can, for example, first control the first worktable 110 to move to the printing work area 11 of the base 10, and after positioning, start the operation. The electronic control system 50 controls the moving mechanism 200 to drive the additive manufacturing device 400 to move along three axes and controls the additive manufacturing device 400 to work, thereby printing the product on the first worktable 110, implementing thermoforming printing. For example, it can perform layer-by-layer stacking printing, printing layer by layer until completion. After printing, for example, the first worktable 110 can be controlled to move linearly to the cooling and unloading area 12 for cooling. After cooling, the first worktable 110 can be controlled to move back to the printing work area 11. The electronic control system 50 controls the moving mechanism 200 to drive the subtractive manufacturing device 500 to move along three axes and controls the subtractive manufacturing device 500 to work, performing subtractive cutting, grinding, and other surface processing on the cooled and solidified product through tools to ensure that the surface roughness and dimensions meet the standards, thus completing the 3D product printing. After the product subtractive manufacturing work is completed, the electrical control system 50 can, for example, control the first workbench 110 to move linearly to the cooling unloading area 12, unload the completed product, separate it from the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment to the designated finished product position, and clean the first workbench 110 to ensure that the first workbench 110 is in a standby state.
[0038] The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing control method provided in this embodiment of the invention controls the movement of the first worktable 110 and the movement mechanism 200 to drive the additive manufacturing device 400 and the subtractive manufacturing device 500 to work respectively. This enables integrated production of FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment, completing both additive and subtractive manufacturing. It eliminates the need for logistics transfer before subtractive manufacturing, as well as secondary clamping and secondary processing, simplifying the production process, reducing the production cycle, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs.
[0039] See Figure 8 After step S30, where the first worktable is moved to the cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product, and before step S40, where the first worktable is controlled to move to the printing work area of the base, the following steps are also included: S31, move the second worktable to the printing work area of the base; S32, control the moving mechanism and the additive manufacturing device to print the product onto the second worktable; S33, move the second workbench to another cooling unloading area of the base to cool the product.
[0040] In this embodiment, the cooling unloading area 12 may include two areas, located on opposite sides of the printing operation area 11. The FDM additive manufacturing equipment may also include a second worktable 120 for placing the printed product. The second worktable 120 can move between the printing operation area 11 and the cooling unloading area 12. When the product on the first worktable 110 is in a cooling state, the electronic control system 50 controls the second worktable 120 to move to the printing operation area 11, and then controls the moving mechanism 200 and the additive manufacturing device 400 to print the product onto the second worktable 120. After printing, the second worktable 120 can be moved to another cooling unloading area 12 for cooling, for example. While the product on the second worktable 120 is cooling, the first worktable 110 moves to the printing operation area 11, and the electronic control system 50 controls the moving mechanism 200 to drive the three-axis movement of the subtractive manufacturing device 500, and controls the subtractive manufacturing device 500 to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product. By setting up two worktables, the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing equipment can be in additive or subtractive manufacturing mode as needed, avoiding wasted time waiting for the product to cool down, and enabling uninterrupted operation throughout the entire process, thereby further improving production efficiency.
[0041] Before step S20, which involves controlling the moving mechanism and the additive manufacturing device to print the product onto the first worktable, the method further includes: controlling the second Z-axis to move to the working clearance area of the base to avoid the operation of the additive manufacturing device on the first Z-axis. Before step S32, which involves controlling the moving mechanism and the subtractive manufacturing device to perform subtractive manufacturing on the cooled and solidified product, the method further includes: controlling the first Z-axis to move to the working clearance area of the base to avoid the operation of the subtractive manufacturing device on the second Z-axis. When the additive manufacturing device 400 is working, the electronic control system 50 may, for example, control the second Z-axis 220 to be located at the other end of the Y-axis 240 to avoid affecting the movement of the first Z-axis 210; similarly, when the subtractive manufacturing device 500 is working, the electronic control system may, for example, control the first Z-axis 210 to be located at one end of the Y-axis 240 to avoid affecting the movement of the second Z-axis 220.
[0042] Furthermore, it is understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention. Provided that the technical features do not conflict, the structure is not contradictory, and the purpose of the invention is not violated, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used.
[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus for FDM, characterized by, The application relates to an FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing device, which comprises the following parts: a base, which comprises a printing work area and a cooling and discharging area arranged adjacent along the length direction, the printing work area being used for additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing; a first workbench for placing a printing product, the first workbench being movable in the printing work area and the cooling and discharging area; a moving mechanism, which comprises two X shafts arranged on both sides of the base, a Y shaft arranged between the two X shafts, a first Z shaft and a second Z shaft arranged on the Y shaft; an additive device arranged on the first Z shaft and located in the printing work area, the additive device being reciprocable along the first Z shaft and being used for printing a product; a subtractive device arranged on the second Z shaft and located in the printing work area, the subtractive device being reciprocable along the second Z shaft and being used for subtractive manufacturing of the product after cooling and solidification; and an electric control system for controlling the first workbench, the moving mechanism, the additive device and the subtractive device, and the electric control system is used for controlling the moving mechanism to drive the additive device or the subtractive device to move in three axes. Two work avoiding areas are arranged on both sides of the base in the width direction, the two work avoiding areas are located on both sides of the printing work area, and the two work avoiding areas are respectively used for accommodating the first Z shaft and the second Z shaft.
2. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The cooling and discharging area comprises two cooling and discharging areas located on opposite sides of the printing work area; the FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing device further comprises:
3. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, a second workbench for placing a printing product, the second workbench being movable in the printing work area and the cooling and discharging area; when the first workbench is in a printing state or a subtractive state, the second workbench is in a product cooling state, a finished product discharging state or an idle state; when the second workbench is in a printing state or a subtractive state, the first workbench is in a product cooling state, a finished product discharging state or an idle state. The application further comprises:
4. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, a chip removal device arranged on the base, the chip removal device being used for cleaning cutting waste; a feeding device, which is provided with a discharge port and a recycling feeding port, the discharge port being connected with the additive device, and the cutting waste entering the feeding device through the recycling feeding port. The feeding device comprises:
5. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a raw material storage tank for storing additive printing raw materials, the discharge port being arranged on the raw material storage tank; a waste recovery tank arranged on the upper side of the raw material storage tank, the waste recovery tank being provided with a waste discharge port on the side close to the raw material storage tank; a waste screening mechanism located between the waste discharge port and the raw material storage tank, the waste screening mechanism being used for screening and feeding the cutting waste in the waste recovery tank into the raw material storage tank. One side of the base is provided with a waste chip discharging part and a waste chip collecting part, the waste chip collecting part being located at one end of the waste chip discharging part, and the chip removal device is arranged on the waste chip discharging part; 6. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the chip removal device comprises a driving motor and a spiral part electrically connected with the driving motor, and the driving motor is used for driving the spiral part to discharge the cutting waste to the waste chip collecting part. 7. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The waste recovery tank is also connected with a waste recovery pipe and a negative pressure generator, the waste recovery pipe extends to the waste collection part, and the negative pressure generator is used to recover the cutting waste of the waste collection part into the waste recovery tank through the waste recovery pipe.
8. A method of controlling additive and subtractive manufacturing for FDM, suitable for use with the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Comprise: Controlling the first worktable to move to a printing operation area of the base; Controlling the moving mechanism and the additive device to print a product on the first worktable; Moving the first worktable to a cooling and discharging area of the base to cool the product; Controlling the first worktable to move to a printing operation area of the base; Controlling the moving mechanism and the subtractive device to subtractively manufacture the product after cooling and solidification.
9. The FDM additive and subtractive manufacturing control method of claim 8, wherein, After the moving the first worktable to a cooling and discharging area of the base to cool the product, and before the controlling the first worktable to move to a printing operation area of the base, it further comprises: Moving a second worktable to the printing operation area of the base; Controlling the moving mechanism and the additive device to print a product on the second worktable; Moving the second worktable to another cooling and discharging area of the base to cool the product.
10. The additive and subtractive manufacturing control method for FDM according to claim 9, wherein, before the controlling the moving mechanism and the additive device to print a product on the first worktable, it further comprises: controlling a second Z-axis to move to a work avoiding area of the base to avoid the additive device work on the first Z-axis; Before the controlling the moving mechanism and the subtractive device to subtractively manufacture the product after cooling and solidification, it further comprises: controlling a first Z-axis to move to a work avoiding area of the base to avoid the subtractive device work on the second Z-axis.