Additive decoking and harm reducing test smoking machine for cigarette holder and test method of additive decoking and harm reducing test smoking machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a cigarette holder additive decoking and harm reducing test smoking machine and a test method thereof, and belongs to the field of tobacco detection equipment. The defect that a traditional smoking machine is single in function is overcome, aiming at a multifunctional test assembly and a test scheme urgently needed for developing the cigarette holder additive, the detection effect of the traditional smoking machine on cigarette smoke components can be achieved, and the tar reducing and harm removing performance of the cigarette holder additive can be comprehensively tested and analyzed; according to the multi-site synchronous cigarette lighter, multiple cigarette samples can be detected at the same time, and the problem that a traditional smoking machine is large in test error is solved; the rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin and the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area realize the continuous testing function of different additives, and the operation is convenient; four detection schemes of adsorption sampling, test paper detection, photochemical detection and residual gas collection detection are combined, so that the composition of cigarette smoke can be accurately and comprehensively detected, and decoking and harm reduction tests of different additives are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco testing equipment, specifically to a smoking machine and testing method for testing the tar removal and harm reduction of cigarette filter tips using additives. Background Technology

[0002] Since the widespread adoption of cigarette filters in the 1950s, the industry's efforts to reduce mainstream smoke gases such as tar, CO, and benzo[a]pyrene have consistently revolved around two main lines: "upgrading filter materials" and "ventilation dilution." To overcome the shortcomings of traditional cellulose acetate filters in intercepting tar beads, gaseous free radicals, and small-molecule toxic components like CO, second-generation functional filters have emerged in recent years, including those loaded with activated carbon, ion-exchange fibers, and molecular sieve composite tows. These filters can reduce tar to 3 mg / cigarette and CO by 30%-45% in laboratory settings. However, current cigarette smoking machines used in the tobacco industry cannot meet the testing requirements for second- or even third-generation functional filters. While standard smoking machine methods such as ISO 3308, ISO 4387, and CORESTA No. 74 provide benchmark platforms for measuring tar, nicotine, and CO, their design intent is to "evaluate cigarettes," not "evaluate the medium." If the adsorbent or catalyst is directly loaded into the filter section for testing, the following technical contradictions will be encountered: ① The straight flue of the standard smoking machine is incompatible with the variable diameter filter holder, resulting in air leakage at the junction of the functional section and the cigarette section, and the RSD of the suction volume fluctuation is >8%; ② The Cambridge filter is located downstream of the cigarette, and the functional medium is located upstream of the cigarette. After the particulate matter undergoes secondary adsorption-desorption, the tar data is severely distorted, and a false "negative reduction" may appear; ③ The catalyst / adsorbent requires a specific temperature, humidity, and oxygen content window to be activated, but the constant temperature and humidity chamber of the standard machine only controls the environment (22 °C and 60% RH), and has no ability to zonal control of the temperature field of the cigarette combustion cone (600-900 °C) and the temperature field of the filter section (35-55 °C), resulting in an experimental reproducibility of <65%. More importantly, the existing smoking machines cannot simulate the dynamic impact of the real consumer's "sucking curve" on the functional medium. If "standard-depth-custom" multi-mode aspiration cannot be achieved on the same equipment, the portability of any laboratory data to the industrial end is zero.

[0003] However, no dedicated smoking device that simultaneously meets the above technical requirements has been found in currently available domestic and international literature and patents. Patent CN 202310096616.2 discloses a smoking machine device and air purifier testing system that can automatically complete the functions of adding and lighting cigarettes, but it cannot test the performance of the filter material, and the sealed receiving compartment is inconvenient for operation. Patent CN202110276927.8 discloses a dynamic draw resistance measuring device for cigarettes based on a rotary smoking machine, which can continuously monitor and record the filter tip pressure data during the smoking process of the cigarette under test on the rotary smoking machine, and then calculate and organize the dynamic draw resistance of each cigarette and each opening through database processing. This device has a relatively simple function, but it can provide the smoking machine with data on the resistance of cigarette smoking. Patent CN 201410492491.6 discloses a push-type automatic cigarette inserter that can automatically insert cigarettes into the mouthpiece, improving the automation level of the smoking machine. Overall, while existing technologies can automate some functions of traditional smoking machines, they have not yet been able to comprehensively test the tar removal and harm reduction performance of additives (adsorbents or catalysts) used in cigarette filters. This gap has become a bottleneck hindering the industrialization of new filter materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of traditional smoking machines, such as limited functionality, inability to test the tar removal and harm reduction performance of additives used in cigarette holders, and inconvenient operation, this invention proposes a smoking machine for testing the tar removal and harm reduction performance of additives used in cigarette holders and its testing method.

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a cigarette holder additive for tar removal and harm reduction testing smoking machine.

[0006] The cigarette holder additive tar removal and harm reduction testing smoking machine of the present invention includes: a multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter, a size self-matching cigarette holder, a multi-channel steady-flow smoke collector, a rotary self-switching additive filling chamber, a rotary adsorption sampling area, a test paper detection area, a photochemical detection area, a suction pump, and a residual gas collection chamber, and a main controller, arranged sequentially along the central axis; wherein; The multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter includes: a one-dimensional translation device and multiple ignition units; the multiple ignition units are mounted on the one-dimensional translation device, and the one-dimensional translation device drives the ignition units to move back and forth simultaneously along the central axis. The size-matching mouthpiece retainer includes multiple size-adjustable mouthpiece retaining rings corresponding to the ignition unit; The multi-channel steady-flow flue gas collector includes multiple channels corresponding to the mouthpiece retaining ring, with the bottom of each mouthpiece retaining ring installed at the top of the corresponding channel; the ends of the multiple channels converge at one point. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber includes a filling chamber rotary wheel and multiple filling chamber chambers. Multiple filling chamber chambers symmetrical about their own axis of rotation are opened on the filling chamber rotary wheel. Different batches or types of additives are filled into the filling chamber chambers, or no additives are filled. The rotary adsorption sampling area includes a sampling area rotor and multiple sampling area chambers. Multiple sampling area chambers symmetrical about their own rotation axis are opened on the sampling area rotor. Different batches or types of adsorbent materials are filled in the sampling area chambers, or no adsorbent material is filled. The ends of multiple channels, the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber, the rotary adsorption sampling area, the test strip detection area and the photochemical detection area are sequentially connected to the residual gas collection chamber via a suction pump through a pipe along the central axis. The multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter, filling chamber wheel, sampling area wheel, suction pump and residual gas collection chamber are respectively connected to the main controller.

[0007] In a multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter, the one-dimensional translation device includes a motor and a push screw. The push screw is mounted on the motor's shaft, which is located on the central axis. The front end of the push screw is fixed to the rear surface of a mounting plate, which is perpendicular to the central axis. Multiple ignition units are set on the front surface of the mounting plate. Each ignition unit is an ignition coil mounted on a mounting post, and all ignition coils are on the same vertical plane perpendicular to the central axis. The ignition coils reach a high temperature after being energized and heated. The motor controls the push screw to push the ignition units along the central axis at a set speed, approaching the cigarette sample fixed on the size-matching mouthpiece holder. The pushing process ensures that multiple ignition coils can simultaneously contact the tobacco end of the cigarette sample to ignite all the cigarette samples at the same time. The motor and ignition coils are respectively connected to a main controller, which controls the operation of the motor and ignition coils respectively. Each ignition coil has the same power supply.

[0008] In a size-matching cigarette holder, the cigarette holder rings correspond to the ignition units, with the same number and vertically aligned positions. The inner diameter of the cigarette holder ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the cigarette sample. It is made of a material with shrinkage elasticity, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane elastomer, styrene, or polyamide. The cigarette filter is inserted into the cigarette holder ring, which holds the cigarette sample in place by its shrinkage elasticity. The cigarette holder ring automatically adjusts its size based on its own shrinkage elasticity to match different types and sizes of cigarette samples, such as medium, slim, and thick cigarettes. The shape of the cigarette holder ring is not a fully closed ring, but rather a ring formed by staggered and overlapping ends. Because the ring is made of a specific elastic material, when force is applied, the cigarette holder ring opens, expanding its inner area to match different sizes of cigarette holders. When the force is removed, under the elastic action of the cigarette holder, it curls back into a ring, thus securing the cigarette holder. Simultaneously, the overlapping parts of the cigarette holder re-fit, preventing air leakage. Only a small portion of the retaining ring is completely fixed to the top of the channel; the majority is only fully attached to the base plate and can move under force, ensuring a tight fit without air leakage.

[0009] In the multi-channel steady-flow smoke collector, a small portion of the bottom of each mouthpiece retaining ring is fixed to the top of the corresponding channel; the channel size is not adjustable, and it is recommended to use the diameter of a medium-sized cigarette as the channel size; the ends of multiple channels converge at one point; the smoke generated by all test cigarette samples is collected by the multi-channel steady-flow smoke collector, and the collected smoke is transmitted to the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber; it also includes a fixing cover, in which multiple channels are installed for fixing and protection; the end of the multi-channel steady-flow smoke collector is connected to the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber through a pipe along the central axis.

[0010] In a rotary self-switching additive filling chamber, there is a filling chamber rotor and multiple filling chambers. The filling chamber rotor can rotate around its own axis, which is parallel to the central axis. The axis of the filling chamber rotor is mounted on a rotary motor, which is connected to a main controller. Multiple filling chambers symmetrical about their own axes are formed on the filling chamber rotor. The distance from the center of each filling chamber to the axis of the filling chamber rotor is equal to the distance from the axis of the filling chamber rotor to the central axis. Different batches or types of additives are filled into the filling chambers. The filling chambers and their corresponding additives constitute an additive filling unit, or the filling chambers may not be filled with additives. The main controller controls the filling chamber rotor. Rotating around its own axis, the system switches to the corresponding additive filling unit, which is coaxially connected to the pipeline, allowing the flue gas to enter the corresponding additive for testing. This enables tar removal and harm reduction experiments with different additives. Alternatively, it switches to a filling chamber without additives, allowing the flue gas to pass directly through the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber is also equipped with a filling chamber temperature controller to regulate its temperature. The flue gas, after tar removal and harm reduction by the additives or the flue gas that does not pass directly through, is then transported to the rotary adsorption sampling area. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber is connected to the rotary adsorption sampling area via a pipeline along its central axis.

[0011] In the rotary adsorption sampling zone, the sampling zone wheel can rotate around its own axis, which is parallel to the central axis. The axis of the sampling zone wheel is mounted on a rotary motor, which is connected to the main controller. Multiple sampling zone chambers, symmetrical about their own axes, are formed on the sampling zone wheel. The distance from the center of each chamber to the axis of the sampling zone wheel is equal to the distance from the axis of the sampling zone wheel to the central axis. Different batches or types of adsorbent materials are filled into the sampling zone chambers to form adsorption units. The main controller controls the rotation of the sampling zone wheel, switching to the corresponding adsorption unit, which is coaxially connected to the pipeline, enabling the removal of tar and reduction of harmful substances through additives. The flue gas then enters the corresponding adsorbent material, enabling continuous sampling and loading of the adsorbent material, or switching to a sampling chamber without adsorbent material; the rotary adsorption sampling zone is also equipped with a sampling zone temperature controller to regulate the temperature of the rotary adsorption sampling zone; the sampled flue gas is then transferred to the test paper detection zone; after the test, the adsorbent material is removed, quantitative solvent extraction is performed, and then sent to a professional analytical instrument for quantitative detection and analysis to obtain the flue gas components trapped by the adsorbent material; the adsorbent material uses cellulose acetate, Cambridge filters, activated carbon, molecular sieves, or graphene; the rotary adsorption sampling zone is connected to the test paper detection zone through a pipe along the central axis.

[0012] The test strip detection area includes a test strip detection box and multiple test strip filling ports. The test strip detection box is hollow inside, and multiple test strip filling ports are opened on its surface. Test strips are inserted into the test strip detection box through the filling ports and can be replaced through the filling ports. After the test, the test strips are removed and sent to professional equipment for analysis. If the adsorption sampling area is equipped with adsorption material, the residual components of the flue gas after adsorption sampling are detected. If the adsorption sampling area is not equipped with adsorption material, the total components of the flue gas are detected. The flue gas passing through the test strip detection area flows to the photochemical detection area. The test strip detection area is connected to the photochemical detection area through a pipe along the central axis.

[0013] The photochemical detection zone includes a high-transmittance tube and a photochemical sensor. The high-transmittance tube can be made of quartz glass, SUPRASIL high-purity quartz glass, or ultraviolet glass (i.e., UV-cut optical glass). A photochemical sensor is attached to the high-transmittance tube to monitor the chemical composition of cigarette smoke in real time. The photochemical detection zone is connected to the suction pump through a pipe along the central axis.

[0014] Choose one or more functions from the rotary adsorption sampling area, the test strip detection area, and the photochemical detection area.

[0015] The suction pump is connected to the main controller; the suction pump controls the pressure and flow rate of the smoke being drawn, enabling different rates of smoke extraction and providing power for the smoke flow. It controls the smoke flow to be constant flow, constant pressure, or variable frequency (variable flow and pressure) flow. The suction pump is connected to the collection chamber via a pipe along the central axis. The suction pump is a controllable variable frequency pump, and the main controller sets the pump to constant pressure, constant flow, or variable frequency suction modes to simulate different smoking processes.

[0016] The residual gas collection chamber includes: a chamber body and a gate valve; wherein, the gate valve is connected to the main controller; the chamber body is a hollow, sealed structure, with an air inlet and an exhaust outlet at each end of the chamber body; gate valves are installed at the air inlet and the exhaust outlet respectively; a pipe along the central axis is connected to the air inlet, and the flue gas is throttled by the gate valve at the same volume, with the exhaust outlet as the sampling port, and then the collected flue gas is transferred from the sampling port to the gas collection bag for testing the chemical composition of cigarette smoke.

[0017] The additives are adsorbents or catalysts.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber, which has an enclosed space inside. A multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter, a size-matching cigarette holder, a multi-channel stable flow smoke collector, a rotary self-switching additive filling chamber, a rotary adsorption sampling area, a test strip detection area, a photochemical detection area, a suction pump, and a residual gas collection chamber are placed inside the chamber. The constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber is equipped with a temperature regulator, a humidity regulator, and a pressure regulator, which are respectively connected to a main controller. The main controller controls the temperature regulator to maintain a set temperature in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by cooling or heating. The main controller controls the humidity regulator to maintain a set humidity in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by dehumidifying or replenishing humidity. The main controller controls the pressure regulator to maintain a set air pressure of 60~105 kPa in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by replenishing or removing air.

[0019] Another objective of this invention is to provide a test method for using additives in cigarette holders to remove tar and reduce harm.

[0020] The experimental method for removing tar and reducing harm using additives in cigarette filter media according to the present invention includes the following steps: 1) Cut off the filters of multiple cigarette samples according to the same standard or retain only 1-3mm of cellulose acetate. The number of cigarette samples is less than the number of mouthpiece fixing rings of the size self-matching mouthpiece holder. Install the processed multiple cigarette samples onto the size self-matching mouthpiece holder according to the principle of symmetrical distribution, and use a sealing head to install on the remaining mouthpiece fixing rings to seal the connecting channel. 2) Preparation of the test smoke extraction machine: Different batches or types of additives are filled into the filling chamber, or no additives are filled. The main controller controls the rotation of the filling chamber wheel to switch to the corresponding filling chamber and connect it coaxially with the pipeline. The main controller controls the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber to reach the set temperature through the filling chamber temperature controller. Choose one or more functions from the rotary adsorption sampling area, the test strip detection area, and the photochemical detection area; Set the suction pump to work in the specified operating mode. 3) The main controller controls the ignition unit to work. The main controller controls the one-dimensional translation device to drive the ignition unit to move along the central axis toward the cigarette sample. When the cigarette sample is lit, the one-dimensional translation device is controlled to stop moving, and the multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter automatically returns to its position. 4) At the same time the cigarette is lit, the suction pump is controlled to start the suction process to simulate smoking; the smoke generated by the suction is collected by the multi-channel steady flow smoke collector, and the collected smoke is transmitted to the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber. 5) The flue gas is filled with appropriate additives or directly through a rotary self-switching additive filling chamber; 6) The flue gas passes sequentially through the wheel adsorption sampling area, the test paper detection area, and the photochemical detection area; 7) The flue gas passed through the suction pump flows to the residual gas collection chamber; 8) After the experiment, the composition of the flue gas was analyzed.

[0021] Furthermore, the cigarette holder uses additives to remove tar and reduce harm in the smoking machine, which is located in a constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber. The main controller controls the temperature regulator to maintain the set temperature in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by cooling or heating; the main controller controls the humidity regulator to maintain the set humidity in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by dehumidifying or replenishing humidity; and the main controller controls the pressure regulator to maintain the set air pressure of 60~105 kPa in the constant temperature, humidity, and pressure chamber by replenishing or removing air.

[0022] In step 2), selecting one or more of the rotating adsorption sampling area, the test strip detection area, and the photochemical detection area includes the following steps: a) Rotary adsorption sampling area: The main controller controls the rotation of the sampling area wheel, switching to the corresponding sampling area chamber and coaxially connected to the pipeline. When working, the sampling area chamber filled with different batches or types of adsorption materials is coaxially connected to the pipeline; when not working, the sampling chamber without adsorption material is connected to the pipeline; the main controller controls the rotary adsorption sampling area to reach the set temperature through the sampling area temperature controller. b) Test strip detection area: When working, the corresponding test strip is filled into the test strip filling port in the test strip detection area, and the gap between the test strip and the test strip filling port is sealed with a sealing strip. When not working, the test strip filling port is sealed with a sealing strip. c) Photochemical detection area: The photochemical sensor is turned on when working and turned off when not working; In step 2), the suction pump is a controllable variable frequency suction pump. The suction pump is set to the working mode of constant pressure suction, constant flow suction or variable frequency suction through the main controller to simulate different smoking processes. The constant pressure range of constant pressure suction is -1200 Pa to 0 Pa, the flow rate range of constant flow suction is 0 to 100 ml / s, and the variable frequency suction is used.

[0023] In step 6), when the rotary adsorption sampling zone is working, the smoke after being de-coated and harm-reduced by additives passes through the corresponding adsorption material; when the test paper detection zone is working, the smoke is transferred to the test paper in the test paper detection zone; when the photochemical detection zone is working, the photochemical sensor records the chemical composition of the cigarette smoke in real time.

[0024] In step 8), after the test, the adsorbent material is removed, extracted with a quantitative solvent, and then sent to a professional analytical instrument for quantitative analysis to obtain the smoke components trapped by the adsorbent material. The test strip is then sent to professional equipment for analysis and testing. If the adsorption sampling area is filled with adsorbent material, the smoke components remaining after adsorption sampling are detected. If the adsorption sampling area is not filled with adsorbent material, the total components of the smoke are detected. If the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber is switched to a filling chamber without additive, the traditional smoking machine can be used to detect cigarette smoke components. If the filling chamber of the corresponding additive is switched to a coaxial connection with the pipeline, the smoke enters the corresponding additive, thereby testing the corresponding additive and realizing the tar removal and harm reduction test of different additives.

[0025] Advantages of this invention: This invention overcomes the shortcomings of traditional smoking machines with their single function, by adding multifunctional testing components and experimental schemes urgently needed for the development of cigarette filter additives. It not only enables the detection of cigarette smoke components as in traditional smoking machines, but also allows for comprehensive testing and analysis of the tar reduction and harm removal performance of cigarette filter additives. The multi-site synchronous cigarette lighter allows for the simultaneous testing of multiple cigarette samples, solving the problem of large testing errors in traditional smoking machines. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber and rotary adsorption sampling area enable continuous testing of different additives, with convenient operation. The combined use of four detection schemes—adsorption sampling, test paper detection, photochemical detection, and residual gas collection detection—can accurately and comprehensively detect the composition of cigarette smoke. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the cigarette holder additive for tar removal and harm reduction testing smoking machine of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of an embodiment of the cigarette holder additive for tar removal and harm reduction testing smoking machine of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the mouthpiece fixing ring of a size-matching mouthpiece holder, which is an embodiment of the cigarette mouthpiece additive tar removal and harm reduction test smoking machine of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channels of a multi-channel steady-flow smoke collector, representing an embodiment of the cigarette mouthpiece additive tar removal and harm reduction test smoking machine of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the cigarette holder additive tar removal and harm reduction test smoking machine of this embodiment includes: a constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber, a multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter 1, a size self-matching cigarette holder holder 2, a multi-channel steady flow smoke collector 3, a rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4, a rotary adsorption sampling area 5, a test paper detection area 6, a photochemical detection area 7, a suction pump 8, and a residual gas collection chamber 9, as well as a power supply and a main controller; wherein, the constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber has a closed space inside, and the multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter 1, the size self-matching cigarette holder holder 2, the multi-channel steady flow smoke collector 3, the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4, the rotary adsorption sampling area 5, the test paper detection area 6, the photochemical detection area 7, the suction pump 8, and the residual gas collection chamber 9 are arranged sequentially along the central axis and placed in the chamber; the constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber is equipped with a temperature regulator, a humidity regulator and a pressure regulator, which are respectively connected to the main controller; The multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter 1 includes: a motor 11, a push screw 12, and ignition units 13; the push screw 12 is mounted on the shaft of the motor 11, and the shaft of the motor 11 is located on the central axis; the front end of the push screw 12 is fixed to the rear surface of the mounting plate, the mounting plate is perpendicular to the central axis, and twelve ignition units 13 are set on the front surface of the mounting plate; each ignition unit 13 is an ignition coil set on the mounting post, and each ignition coil is located on the same vertical plane perpendicular to the central axis, and the axis of each ignition coil is parallel to the central axis; the ignition coil reaches a high temperature after being heated by electricity; the motor 11 controls the push screw 12 to push the ignition unit 13 along the central axis at a set speed, close to the cigarette sample fixed on the size self-matching mouthpiece holder 2, and the pushing process ensures that multiple ignition coils can simultaneously contact the tobacco end of the cigarette sample to ignite all the cigarette samples at the same time; the motor 11 and the ignition coils are respectively connected to the power supply and the main controller, and are powered by the power supply, and the main controller controls the operation of the motor 11 and the ignition coils respectively, and each ignition coil has the same power supply; The size-matching mouthpiece retainer 2 includes twelve adjustable mouthpiece retaining rings, each corresponding to an ignition unit, with the same number and vertically aligned positions; for example... Figure 3 As shown, the cigarette holder retaining ring is not a fully closed ring, but rather a ring formed by overlapping and staggered ends. Only 1 / 4 of the retaining ring is completely fixed to the top of the channel, while the remaining part is only fully attached to the base plate and can move under force. Because the retaining ring is made of a specific elastic material, when a force is applied, the retaining ring opens, thereby expanding the inner area to match cigarette holders of different sizes. When the force is removed, under the elastic action of the retaining ring, it curls back into a ring to fix the cigarette holder in place. At the same time, the overlapping parts of the retaining ring return to a tight fit to prevent air leakage. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the cigarette sample. The multi-channel steady-flow flue gas collector 3 includes: twelve channels 31 and a fixing cover 32, with the bottom 1 / 4 portion of each nozzle fixing ring fixed to the top of the corresponding channel 31; such as Figure 4 As shown, the ends of the twelve channels 31 converge at one point; the smoke generated by all the test cigarette samples is collected by the multi-channel 31 flow stabilizer smoke collector 3, and the collected smoke is transmitted to the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4; the twelve channels 31 are installed in the fixed cover 32 for fixing and protection. The end of the multi-channel stabilizing flue gas collector 3 is connected to the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4 via a pipe along the central axis. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4 includes a filling chamber rotor 41 and twelve filling chambers 42. The filling chamber rotor 41 can rotate around its own axis, and the axis 43 of the filling chamber rotor 41 is parallel to the central axis. The axis of the filling chamber rotor 41 is mounted on a rotary motor, which is connected to a main controller, which controls the rotation of the filling chamber rotor 41. Twelve openings are provided on the filling chamber rotor 41. The filling chamber 42 is symmetrical about its own axis of rotation. The distance from the center of the filling chamber 42 to the axis of rotation of the filling chamber rotor 41 is equal to the distance from the axis of rotation of the filling chamber rotor 41 to the central axis. Different batches or types of additives are filled in the filling chamber 42. The filling chamber 42 and the corresponding additives constitute an additive filling unit. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4 is also equipped with a filling chamber temperature controller to regulate the temperature of the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4. The flue gas after de-coking and harm reduction by the additives is transmitted to the rotary adsorption sampling area 5. The rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4 is connected to the rotary adsorption sampling zone 5 via a pipe along the central axis. The rotary adsorption sampling zone 5 includes a sampling zone rotor 51 and twelve sampling zone chambers 52. The sampling zone rotor 51 can rotate around its own axis, which is parallel to the central axis. The axis 53 of the sampling zone rotor 51 is coaxial with the axis of the filling chamber rotor. The axis of the sampling zone rotor 51 is mounted on a rotary motor, which is connected to a main controller and controlled by the main controller. The sampling zone rotor 51 rotates together with the filling chamber rotor. Twelve sampling zone chambers 52 are symmetrically arranged about their own axes of rotation on the sampling zone rotor 51. The distance from the center of each sampling zone chamber 52 to the axis of rotation of the sampling zone rotor 51 is equal to the distance from the axis of rotation of the sampling zone rotor 51 to the central axis. Different batches or types of adsorbent materials are filled into the sampling zone chambers 52 to form adsorption units. The rotor-type adsorption sampling zone 5 is also equipped with a sampling zone temperature controller to regulate the temperature of the rotor-type adsorption sampling zone 5. The rotary adsorption sampling area 5 is connected to the test strip detection area 6 through a pipe along the central axis. The test strip detection area 6 includes: a test strip detection box 61 and three test strip filling ports 62; the interior of the test strip detection box 61 is hollow, and three test strip filling ports 62 are provided on the surface of the test strip detection box 61. The test strip detection area 6 is connected to the photochemical detection area 7 through a pipe along the central axis; the photochemical detection area 7 includes: a high-transmittance tube 71 made of quartz material and a photochemical sensor 72, with a photochemical sensor 72 attached to the high-transmittance tube 71; The photochemical detection zone 7 is connected to the suction pump 8 via a pipe along the central axis; the suction pump 8 is connected to the main controller. The suction pump 8 is connected to the residual gas collection chamber 9 via a pipe along the central axis. The residual gas collection chamber 9 includes a chamber body 91 and a gate valve 92. The gate valve 92 is connected to the main controller. The chamber body 91 is a hollow, sealed structure. An air inlet and an exhaust outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the chamber body 91. Gate valves 92 are installed at the air inlet and the exhaust outlet respectively. The pipe along the central axis is connected to the air inlet. The exhaust outlet is used as the sampling port 93 to throttle the flue gas by an equal volume through the gate valve. The collected flue gas is then transferred from the sampling port to the gas collection bag for testing the chemical composition of cigarette smoke.

[0029] In this embodiment, the mouthpiece retaining ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with shrinkage elasticity; the diameter of a medium-sized cigarette is used as the size of the channel; the suction pump 8 is a controllable variable frequency suction pump 8; the adsorbent material is cellulose acetate; and the additive is an adsorbent or catalyst.

[0030] The experimental method for removing tar and reducing harm using additives in cigarette holders according to this embodiment includes the following steps: 1) Cut off the filters of six cigarette samples according to the same standard or retain only 2mm of cellulose acetate. The number of cigarette samples is less than the number of cigarette holder rings of the size self-matching cigarette holder 2. Install the six processed cigarette samples on the size self-matching cigarette holder 2 according to the principle of symmetrical distribution. Insert the filters of the cigarette samples into the cigarette holder rings. The cigarette holder rings rely on their contraction elasticity to clamp the cigarette samples. The cigarette holder rings rely on their own contraction elasticity to automatically adjust the size of the fixing rings to match cigarette samples of different sizes. Use a sealing head to install on the remaining six cigarette holder rings to seal the connecting channels. 2) Preparation of the test smoke extraction machine: The main controller controls the temperature regulator to maintain the set temperature in the constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber by cooling or heating; the main controller controls the humidity regulator to maintain the set humidity in the constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber by dehumidifying or replenishing humidity; the main controller controls the pressure regulator to maintain the set air pressure of 60~105kPa in the constant temperature, humidity and pressure chamber by replenishing or removing air. Different batches or types of additives are filled into the filling chamber. The main controller controls the rotation of the filling chamber wheel to switch to the corresponding additive filling unit and coaxially connected to the pipeline. The main controller controls the rotary self-switching additive filling chamber 4 to reach the set temperature through the filling chamber temperature controller. Set the working mode of the suction pump 8; the suction pump 8 is set to: constant pressure suction (pressure set to -300 Pa), constant flow suction (flow rate set to 45 ml / s) or variable frequency suction working mode (flow rate changes from 25 ml / s to 55 ml / s, the flow rate increases by 3 ml / s per second, then the flow rate decreases from 55 ml / s to 30 ml / s, the flow rate decreases by 2 ml / s per second, and finally the flow rate is kept stable at 30 ml / s), to simulate different smoking processes; The rotary adsorption sampling zone 5, the test strip detection zone 6, and the photochemical detection zone 7 are all in operation; a) Rotary adsorption sampling zone 5: The main controller controls the rotation of the sampling zone wheel, switching to a sampling zone chamber that is coaxially connected to the pipeline. The sampling zone chamber is filled with different batches or types of adsorbent materials, realizing continuous sampling and filling of adsorbent materials; the main controller controls the rotary adsorption sampling zone 5 to reach the set temperature through the sampling zone temperature controller. b) Test strip detection area 6: The test strip is inserted into the test strip detection box through the test strip filling port, and the gap between the test strip and the test strip filling port is sealed with a sealing strip. The test strip is replaced through the test strip filling port. c) Photochemical detection area 7: Turn on the photochemical sensor; 3) The main controller operates the ignition unit. The main controller controls the one-dimensional translation device to move the ignition unit along the central axis toward the cigarette sample. When the cigarette sample is lit, the one-dimensional translation device stops moving, and the multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter 1 automatically returns to its original position. 4) When the cigarette is lit, the suction pump 8 is controlled to start simulating the smoking process. The main controller controls the suction pump 8 to work according to the set working mode. The suction pump 8 controls the pressure and flow rate of the cigarette smoke to achieve different rates of cigarette smoke suction. The suction provides power for the smoke flow and controls the smoke to flow at a constant flow rate, constant pressure, or variable frequency (variable flow rate and variable pressure). The smoke generated by the suction is collected by the multi-channel steady flow smoke collector 3. The collected smoke is then transmitted to the rotary self-cutting additive replacement chamber. 5) The flue gas enters the corresponding additives, thereby testing the corresponding additives and realizing the tar removal and harm reduction test of different additives; 6) Smoke enters the rotary adsorption sampling zone 5, where it passes through the corresponding adsorption material after being treated with additives to remove tar and reduce harmful substances. The sampled smoke is then transferred to the test strip detection zone 6, where it is placed on the test strip. The smoke passing through the test strip detection zone 6 flows to the photochemical detection zone 7, where the photochemical sensor records the chemical composition of the cigarette smoke in real time. When the rotary adsorption sampling zone is working, the smoke, after being treated with additives to remove tar and reduce harmful substances, passes through the corresponding adsorption material. When the test strip detection zone is working, the smoke is placed on the test strip. When the photochemical detection zone is working, the photochemical sensor records the chemical composition of the cigarette smoke in real time. 7) The flue gas passing through the photochemical detection zone 7 flows to the suction pump 8; the flue gas passing through the suction pump 8 flows to the residual gas collection chamber 9; the flue gas is throttled by a gate valve of equal volume; 8) When the cigarette burns to the specified remaining length, turn off the suction pump 8; close the gate valve of the residual gas collection chamber 9, and transfer the trapped gas to the gas collection bag through the sampling port for testing the chemical composition of the cigarette smoke; after the test, take out the adsorbent material, extract it with a quantitative solvent, and send it to a gas phase mass spectrometer for quantitative detection and analysis to obtain the smoke components trapped by the adsorbent material after the additives have removed tar and reduced harm, thus realizing the tar removal and harm reduction test of different additives; take out the test paper and send it to professional equipment for analysis and detection to obtain the residual smoke components after adsorption sampling.

[0031] Clean the test apparatus, rotate the filling chamber wheel of the self-switching additive filling chamber 4 and the sampling area wheel of the rotating adsorption sampling area 5, and switch to new additive adsorption materials in preparation for the next set of tests.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the purpose of disclosing the embodiments is to help further understand the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the content disclosed in the embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cigarette smoking machine for testing the effect of additives on the reduction of harm from the combustion of cigarettes, characterised in that, The test smoking machine comprises a multi-point synchronous lighter, a size self-matching cigarette holder, a multi-channel stable flow smoke collector, a rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin, a rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area, a test paper detection area, a photochemical detection area, a suction pump, a residual gas collection cabin and a total controller arranged along a central axis in sequence, wherein The multi-point synchronous lighter comprises a one-dimensional translation device and a plurality of ignition units; the plurality of ignition units are installed on the one-dimensional translation device, and the one-dimensional translation device drives the ignition units to simultaneously displace along the central axis direction; The size self-matching cigarette holder comprises a plurality of size-adjustable cigarette holder fixing rings corresponding to the ignition units; The multi-channel stable flow smoke collector comprises a plurality of channels corresponding to the cigarette holder fixing rings, and the bottom of each cigarette holder fixing ring is installed at the top end of the corresponding channel; the ends of the plurality of channels converge at one point; The rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin comprises a filling cabin rotating wheel and a plurality of filling cabin chambers, the filling cabin rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of filling cabin chambers symmetrical about the rotating shaft of the filling cabin rotating wheel, and the filling cabin chambers are filled with additives or not filled with additives; The rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area comprises a sampling area rotating wheel and a plurality of sampling area chambers, the sampling area rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of sampling area chambers symmetrical about the rotating shaft of the sampling area rotating wheel, and the sampling area chambers are filled with adsorbent or not filled with adsorbent; The ends of the multi-channel stable flow smoke collector, the rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin, the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area, the test paper detection area and the photochemical detection area are sequentially connected to the residual gas collection cabin through the pipeline along the central axis by the suction pump; The multi-point synchronous lighter, the filling cabin rotating wheel, the sampling area rotating wheel, the suction pump and the residual gas collection cabin are respectively connected to the total controller.

2. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein The one-dimensional translation device comprises a motor and a propelling screw; the propelling screw is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor, and the rotating shaft of the motor is located on the central axis; the front end of the propelling screw is fixed on the rear surface of the mounting plate, the mounting plate is perpendicular to the central axis, and a plurality of ignition units are arranged on the front surface of the mounting plate; the ignition units are ignition coils arranged on mounting columns, and each ignition coil is located on the same vertical plane perpendicular to the central axis; the motor and the ignition coils are respectively connected to the total controller, and the total controller controls the propelling screw to push the ignition units along the central axis at a set speed through the motor.

3. The test smoking machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The cigarette holder fixing rings correspond to the ignition units, the number of the cigarette holder fixing rings is consistent with that of the ignition units, and the positions of the vertical planes of the cigarette holder fixing rings are opposite; the inner diameter of the cigarette holder fixing ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the cigarette sample, the cigarette holder fixing ring is made of a material with contraction elasticity, the filter plug of the cigarette sample is inserted into the cigarette holder fixing ring, the cigarette holder fixing ring clamps the cigarette sample by relying on the contraction elasticity, and the size of the cigarette holder fixing ring is automatically adjusted by relying on the contraction elasticity of the cigarette holder fixing ring.

4. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein A fixing cover is further included, and the plurality of channels are installed in the fixing cover.

5. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein The filling cabin rotating wheel can rotate about the rotating shaft thereof, the rotating shaft of the filling cabin rotating wheel is parallel to the central axis; the filling cabin rotating wheel is connected to the total controller; the distance from the center of the filling cabin chamber to the rotating shaft of the filling cabin rotating wheel is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft of the filling cabin rotating wheel to the central axis; the total controller controls the rotation of the filling cabin rotating wheel, switches to the corresponding filling cabin chamber filled with additives or not filled with additives to be coaxially connected to the pipeline, so that the smoke passes through the corresponding additives or directly passes through the rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin.

6. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein, The sampling area rotating wheel can rotate around its own rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the sampling area rotating wheel is parallel to the central shaft; the sampling area rotating wheel is connected to the total controller; the distance from the center of the sampling area cavity to the rotating shaft of the sampling area rotating wheel is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft of the sampling area rotating wheel to the central shaft; the total controller controls the rotation of the sampling area rotating wheel, switches to the corresponding sampling area cavity filled with adsorbent material or without adsorbent material to be coaxially communicated with the pipeline, so that the flue gas passes through the corresponding adsorbent material or directly passes through the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area.

7. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein The test paper detection area includes: a test paper detection box and a plurality of test paper filling ports; wherein the inside of the test paper detection box is hollow, and a plurality of test paper filling ports are arranged on the surface of the test paper detection box; the test paper is inserted into the test paper detection box through the test paper filling port, and the test paper is replaced through the test paper filling port.

8. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein, The photochemical detection area includes: a high-transmission tube and a photochemical sensor; wherein a photochemical sensor is arranged on the photochemical sensor for real-time monitoring of the chemical composition in the cigarette smoke.

9. The test smoking machine of claim 1, wherein, The residual gas collection cabin includes: a cabin body and a gate valve; wherein the gate valve is connected to the total controller; the cabin body is a sealed structure with an internal cavity, and an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at both ends of the cabin body; a gate valve is arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet.

10. A test method for a cigarette smoke filter additive de-coke and harm reduction test smoking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test method comprises the following steps: 1) Install the treated multiple cigarette samples on the size self-matching cigarette holder according to the symmetry distribution principle, and seal the remaining cigarette holder fixing ring to close the connected hole channel; 2) Test smoking machine preparation: Fill the additive or do not fill the additive in the filling cabin cavity, and the total controller controls the rotation of the filling cabin rotating wheel to switch to the corresponding filling cabin cavity to be coaxially communicated with the pipeline; Select one or more from the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area, test paper detection area and photochemical detection area to work; Set the working mode of the suction pump to work; 3) The total controller controls the ignition unit to work, and the total controller controls the one-dimensional translation device to drive the ignition unit to move along the central axis towards the cigarette sample, and when the cigarette sample is ignited, the one-dimensional translation device stops moving, and the multi-point synchronous cigarette lighter returns to the original position; 4) At the same time when the cigarette is ignited, control the suction pump to start the suction of the simulated smoking process; the smoke generated by suction is collected by the multi-hole steady flow smoke collector, and the collected smoke is transmitted to the rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin; 5) The smoke passes through the corresponding additive or directly passes through the rotating wheel type self-switching additive filling cabin; 6) The smoke passes through the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area, the test paper detection area and the photochemical detection area in turn; 7) The smoke flow through the suction pump flows into the residual gas collection cabin; 8) After the test is completed, analyze the components of the smoke.

11. The test method of claim 10, wherein, In step 2), selecting one or more from the rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area, test paper detection area and photochemical detection area to work comprises the following steps: a) Rotating wheel type adsorption sampling area: the total controller controls the rotation of the sampling area rotating wheel, switches to the corresponding sampling area cavity to be coaxially communicated with the pipeline, and when working, the sampling area cavity filled with adsorbent material is communicated with the pipeline; when not working, the sampling cavity without filling adsorbent material is communicated with the pipeline; b) test paper detection area: when working, the corresponding test paper is filled in the test paper filling port of the test paper detection area, and the gap between the test paper and the test paper filling port is sealed with a sealing strip; when not working, the test paper filling port is sealed with a sealing strip; c) photochemical detection area: when working, the photochemical sensor is opened; when not working, the photochemical sensor is closed.

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