High-precision mechanical device processing device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mechanical component processing, specifically a high-precision mechanical component processing device, comprising a frame, on which a chuck and a tailstock are mounted for clamping a workpiece to be processed. A cutting mechanism 2 is mounted on the frame for cutting the workpiece. A stabilizing component is mounted on the frame and cooperates with the cutting mechanism 2. A cleaning mechanism is mounted on the cutting mechanism 2 for removing metal chips that fall into the cutting mechanism 2. An abutting mechanism is mounted on the cutting mechanism to support the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece remains in contact with the mechanism during processing. When the cutting mechanism moves, it drives the cleaning mechanism to move as well. During this movement, the cleaning mechanism presses against the stabilizing component, causing impurities to be pushed downwards from the cutting mechanism and discharged into the frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining, specifically to a high-precision machining device for mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the machinery manufacturing industry, the processing quality and efficiency of mechanical components play a crucial role in the entire production process. Various types of transmission shafts are frequently used in existing mechanical equipment. Shafts have high precision requirements. When the shaft has a large degree of curvature, or when the shaft is long and the processing diameter is small, the cutting tool will come into contact with the shaft surface when it moves to the middle of the shaft during processing. The shaft is prone to deformation during rotation. It is also necessary to maintain the processing precision requirements during the processing of the shaft to prevent deformation.

[0003] During turning, the cutting force exerted by the tool on the workpiece can be decomposed into axial force, radial force, and tangential force. The radial cutting force directly pushes the slender shaft, causing it to bend elastically. Due to the large distance between the support points of the slender shaft, the radial force easily leads to significant deflection in the middle of the workpiece. The weight of the slender shaft itself causes axial sag deflection, especially without auxiliary support. This sag intensifies with changes in tool position during machining, resulting in cylindricity errors in the machined workpiece. Therefore, a high-precision machining device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus, including a frame, on which a chuck and a tailstock are provided for clamping the workpiece to be processed. A cutting mechanism is provided on the frame for cutting the workpiece. A stabilizing component is provided on the frame, cooperating with the cutting mechanism. A cleaning mechanism is provided on the cutting mechanism for removing metal chips that fall into the cutting mechanism. An abutting mechanism is provided on the cutting mechanism for supporting the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece remains in contact with the mechanism during processing. When the cutting mechanism moves, it drives the cleaning mechanism to move as well. During this movement, the cleaning mechanism presses against the stabilizing component, causing impurities to be pushed downwards from the cutting mechanism and discharged into the frame.

[0006] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a movable plate mounted on the frame, a hydraulic rod mounted on the movable plate, a tool holder mounted on the movable plate, the hydraulic rod used to adjust the position of the tool holder, the tool holder used to secure the cutting tool, a telescopic rod mounted on the movable plate, a rotating rod mounted on the movable plate, an adjusting member mounted on the end of the rotating rod, and the adjusting member connected to the abutment mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting member is provided with an adjusting rod, the adjusting member and the adjusting rod are rotatably connected, a moving rod is provided below the adjusting rod, a first elastic element is provided inside the moving rod, the first elastic element is connected to the adjusting rod, and the first elastic element is used to push the adjusting rod to extend or retract; a pulley is provided at the bottom of the adjusting rod, and a sliding groove is provided on the moving plate, the pulley slides inside the sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a connecting rod disposed on a rotating rod, a plug rod disposed on the connecting rod, a socket sleeved on the plug rod, an adjusting seat disposed on the socket, a second telescopic component disposed between the socket and the plug rod, the second telescopic component being used to push the plug rod to reset; a torsion spring disposed on the adjusting seat, the torsion spring being used to push the adjusting seat to reset; and both ends of the connecting rod being connected to an abutment mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the abutting mechanism includes a set of first abutting wheels and another set of second abutting wheels, with two of each of the first and second abutting wheels, and the dimensional distance between the two first abutting wheels is greater than the dimensional distance between the two second abutting wheels.

[0010] Preferably, the impurity removal mechanism includes a clearance groove disposed on the movable plate, the clearance groove communicating with the sliding groove, a push plate disposed inside the sliding groove, the push plate being used to push metal cuttings falling into the sliding groove; a push rod disposed on the push plate, the push rod sliding inside the movable plate, and a stop block disposed at the end of the push rod, the stop block abutting against the stabilizing member.

[0011] Preferably, the stabilizer includes a stabilizer bar mounted on the frame, the stabilizer bar having an arc-shaped groove, a smooth groove on one side of the arc-shaped groove, and the smooth groove and the arc-shaped groove being connected end to end; the abutment slides inside the arc-shaped groove and the smooth groove, and a third elastic element is provided inside the moving plate, the third elastic element being sleeved on the push rod, the third elastic element being used to push the push rod to reset.

[0012] Preferably, a motor is mounted on the frame, and the motor is connected to a pulley via a belt. The pulley is connected to the chuck and is used to drive the chuck to rotate. An encoder is mounted on the frame, and the encoder is connected to the pulley via a belt. A lead screw assembly is mounted on the frame, and the lead screw assembly is used to drive the tool holder to move on the frame.

[0013] Preferably, the first elastic element, the second elastic element, and the third elastic element are all springs.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] A cutting mechanism is used to cut the workpiece. When machining is required, the cutting mechanism moves along the frame to cut the workpiece. During the cutting process, the cutting mechanism works in conjunction with the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece remains in close contact with the cutting mechanism. This prevents deformation of the workpiece during cutting, resulting in higher precision in the finished workpiece. A cleaning mechanism cleans the cutting mechanism during the cutting process, ensuring cutting accuracy. A stabilizing component stabilizes the movement of the cutting mechanism. A supporting mechanism supports the workpiece, preventing deformation during rotation and avoiding elastic bending of the workpiece during machining. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the diagram;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the diagram;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the diagram;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the stabilizer;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the stabilizer.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Chuck; 12. Tailstock; 13. Encoder; 14. Motor; 15. Pulley; 16. Lead screw pair; 2. Cutting mechanism; 20. Moving plate; 21. Tool holder; 22. Hydraulic rod; 23. Telescopic rod; 24. Rotating rod; 25. Adjusting component; 251. Adjusting seat; 252. Socket; 253. Insert rod; 254. Torsion spring; 255. Second telescopic component; 256. Connecting rod; 26. Adjusting rod; 27. First elastic component; 28. Moving rod; 29. ​​Pulley; 210. Sliding groove; 3. Stabilizing component; 31. Stabilizing rod; 32. Arc groove; 33. Smooth groove; 4. Impurity removal mechanism; 41. Clearing groove; 42. Push plate; 43. Push rod; 44. Third elastic component; 45. Abutment block; 5. Abutting mechanism; 51. First abutting wheel; 52. Second abutting wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-9 As shown, the high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus of the present invention includes a frame 1, on which a chuck 11 and a tailstock 12 are provided for clamping the workpiece to be processed. A cutting mechanism 2 is provided on the frame 1 for cutting the workpiece to be processed. A stabilizing member 3 is provided on the frame 1, which cooperates with the cutting mechanism 2. A cleaning mechanism 4 is provided on the cutting mechanism 2 for removing metal chips that fall into the cutting mechanism 2. An abutting mechanism 5 is provided on the cutting mechanism 2 for supporting the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece to be processed is always in contact with it during the processing. When the cutting mechanism 2 moves, it drives the cleaning mechanism 4 to move. During the movement, the cleaning mechanism 4 squeezes against the stabilizing member 3, so that the cleaning mechanism 4 pushes impurities out of the cutting mechanism 2 and out of the interior of the frame.

[0029] To prevent workpiece deformation during cutting, the chuck 11 and tailstock 12 clamp the workpiece. The chuck 11 is a three-jaw chuck, preferably with a diameter of Ф20mm and jaw diameter of Ф10mm. The cutting mechanism 2 cuts the workpiece. When machining is required, the cutting mechanism 2 moves along the frame 1 to cut the workpiece. During cutting, the cutting mechanism 2 works in conjunction with the workpiece, ensuring it remains in contact with the cutting mechanism 2 throughout the process. This prevents deformation and increases the precision of the finished workpiece. A cleaning mechanism 4 cleans the cutting mechanism 2 during cutting, ensuring cutting accuracy. A stabilizing component 3 stabilizes the movement of the cutting mechanism 2. A contacting mechanism 5 supports the workpiece, preventing deformation during rotation and avoiding elastic bending during machining.

[0030] The cutting mechanism 2 includes a movable plate 20 mounted on the frame 1, a hydraulic rod 22 mounted on the movable plate 20, a tool holder 21 mounted on the movable plate 20, the hydraulic rod 22 for adjusting the position of the tool holder 21, the tool holder 21 for securing the cutting tool, a telescopic rod 23 mounted on the movable plate 20, a rotating rod 24 mounted on the movable plate 20, an adjusting member 25 mounted at the end of the rotating rod 24, and the adjusting member 25 connected to the abutment mechanism 5.

[0031] An adjusting rod 26 is provided on the adjusting member 25, and the adjusting member 25 and the adjusting rod 26 are rotatably connected. A moving rod 28 is provided below the adjusting rod 26. A first elastic member 27 is provided inside the moving rod 28. The first elastic member 27 is connected to the adjusting rod 26 and is used to push the adjusting rod 26 to extend or retract. A pulley 29 is provided at the bottom of the adjusting rod 26. A sliding groove 210 is provided on the moving plate 20, and the pulley 29 slides inside the sliding groove 210.

[0032] To ensure that the abutment mechanism 5 remains in contact with the workpiece surface during the cutting process, and because the diameter of the workpiece continuously decreases during cutting, the abutment mechanism 5 must remain in contact with the workpiece surface throughout this process to prevent deformation. This is achieved by using two freely adjustable telescopic rods 23, each with a telescopic range of 0-10mm, and whose ends rotate around the moving plate 20 at an angle of 0-15°. Additionally, a rotating rod 24 is also included, its end rotating around the moving plate 20 at an angle of 0-5°. Since the abutment mechanism 5 is located below the workpiece, when the rotating rod 24 rotates upwards, it causes the adjusting component 25 to move upwards. When the adjusting member 25 moves, it drives the abutting mechanism 5 to move upward, ensuring that the abutting mechanism 5 remains in contact with the surface of the workpiece during the upward movement. The pulley 29 slides inside the sliding groove 210, and during this sliding process, the pulley 29 does not rotate inside the sliding groove 210. To prevent the pulley 29 from rotating during its sliding within the sliding groove 210, preferably, a square groove is formed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 210. Square rods are provided at both ends of the pulley 29, and these square rods slide inside the square grooves, preventing the moving rod 28 from rotating during movement. This allows the first elastic member 27 to stably push the adjusting rod 26 upward during the movement of the moving rod 28, which in turn pushes the adjusting member 25 upward. This ensures that the workpiece, whose diameter changes continuously during the cutting process, remains in contact with the abutting mechanism 5, thus preventing deformation of the workpiece during processing.

[0033] The adjusting member 25 includes a connecting rod 256 mounted on a rotating rod 24, a plug rod 253 mounted on the connecting rod 256, a socket 252 fitted onto the plug rod 253, an adjusting seat 251 mounted on the socket 252, a second telescopic member 255 positioned between the socket 252 and the plug rod 253, the second telescopic member 255 being used to push the plug rod 253 to reset; a torsion spring 254 mounted on the adjusting seat 251, the torsion spring 254 being used to push the adjusting seat 251 to reset; and both ends of the connecting rod 256 being connected to the abutment mechanism 5.

[0034] The torsion spring 254 causes the moving plate 20 to rotate the abutment mechanism 5 during its backward movement. After the abutment mechanism 5 rotates, it can ensure that it is always in contact with the workpiece. When the adjusting seat 251 rotates, the insertion rod 253 will slide inside the socket 252. The insertion rod 253 will be pulled by the second elastic element to ensure that the abutment mechanism 5 is always in contact with the lower surface of the workpiece, so that it maintains a constant contact effect during the movement. In this way, the workpiece will not be elastically bent in the middle during the rotation process, thus ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0035] The abutting mechanism 5 includes a set of first abutting wheels 51 and another set of second abutting wheels 52. There are two of each of the first abutting wheels 51 and the second abutting wheels 52, and the dimensional distance between the two first abutting wheels 51 is greater than the dimensional distance between the two second abutting wheels 52.

[0036] The connecting rods 256, which are connected in the middle of the two sets of adjusting wheels, are of different lengths, so that the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 are staggered and abut against the lower surface of the workpiece. The distance between the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 ensures that the contact points pressed against the workpiece are subjected to uniform force, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0037] The impurity removal mechanism 4 includes a clearance groove 41 disposed on the movable plate 20, the clearance groove 41 communicating with the sliding groove 210, a push plate 42 disposed inside the sliding groove 210, the push plate 42 being used to push metal cuttings that fall into the sliding groove 210; a push rod 43 disposed on the push plate 42, the push rod 43 sliding inside the movable plate 20, and a stop block 45 disposed at the end of the push rod 43, the stop block 45 abutting against the stabilizing member 3.

[0038] To facilitate the cleaning of chips that fall into the relief groove 41, a push plate 42 is used to push the chips inside the relief groove 41. When the chips enter the relief groove 41, the push block contacts the stabilizing member 3. The push block drives the push rod 43 to move. The movement of the push rod 43 drives the push plate 42 to move. The movement of the push plate 42 causes the chips to be discharged downward from the inside of the relief groove 41.

[0039] The stabilizer 3 includes a stabilizer bar 31 mounted on the frame 1. The stabilizer bar 31 has an arc-shaped groove 32. A smooth groove 33 is provided on one side of the arc-shaped groove 32, and the smooth groove 33 and the arc-shaped groove 32 are connected end to end. The abutment block 45 slides inside the arc-shaped groove 32 and the smooth groove 33. A third elastic element 44 is provided inside the moving plate 20. The third elastic element 44 is sleeved on the push rod 43 and is used to push the push rod 43 to reset.

[0040] To ensure that chips are cleared during the movement, a stop block 45 slides out of the arc groove 32 continuously during the movement. The stop block 45 enters the smooth groove 33 from the inside of the arc groove 32. As the stop block 45 moves continuously, the push plate 42 moves continuously inside the relief groove 41, pushing out the chips that fall into the relief groove 41. This ensures that the moving rod 28 does not deform during the movement and ensures the movement accuracy of the moving rod 28.

[0041] The frame 1 is equipped with a motor 14, which is connected to a pulley 15 via a belt. The pulley 15 is connected to the chuck 11 and is used to drive the chuck 11 to rotate. The frame 1 is equipped with an encoder 13, which is connected to the pulley 15 via a belt. The frame 1 is also equipped with a lead screw assembly 16, which is used to drive the tool holder 21 to move on the frame 1.

[0042] The 16-type ball screw assembly, commonly known as a ball screw assembly, is the most common form of precision ball screw transmission. Its components work together to achieve high-precision conversion between rotary and linear motion. It is a cylindrical shaft-like part with a helical raceway, and is the driving component of the transmission. The raceway cross-section is typically Gothic arc-shaped, and the material is mostly high-strength alloy steel, with a surface hardened by quenching to improve wear resistance. The lead accuracy of the ball screw directly determines the transmission accuracy, and according to ISO standards, it can be divided into several grades from C0 to C10. The 16-type ball screw assembly is existing technology.

[0043] In use, the workpiece to be processed is first clamped by the chuck 11 and the tailstock 12. Since the diameter of the workpiece continuously decreases during the cutting process, the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 must always abut against the workpiece surface during this diameter change. The first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 are staggered to ensure that the workpiece does not deform during processing. When the tool continuously cuts the workpiece, the rotating rod 24 on the moving plate 20 rotates. The rotating rod 24 drives the adjusting member 25 to move upward. When the adjusting member 25 moves, it causes the first abutting wheel 51 and the second abutting wheel 52 to abut against the lower surface of the workpiece, so that during the upward movement... During the process, the abutment mechanism 5 remains in contact with the surface of the workpiece. A pulley 29 slides inside the sliding groove 210, and during this sliding process, the pulley 29 does not rotate inside the sliding groove 210. To prevent the pulley 29 from rotating during its sliding within the sliding groove 210, preferably, a square groove is formed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 210. Square rods are provided at both ends of the pulley 29, and these square rods slide inside the square grooves, preventing the moving rod 28 from rotating during movement. This allows the first elastic element 27 to stably push the adjusting rod 26 upwards during the movement of the moving rod 28, which in turn pushes the adjusting element 25 upwards. This ensures that the workpiece, whose diameter changes continuously during cutting, remains in contact with the abutment mechanism 5, thus preventing deformation of the workpiece during processing. To facilitate the removal of chips that fall into the clearance groove 41, a pusher plate 42 is used to push the chips inside the clearance groove 41. When the chips enter the clearance groove 41, the pusher block contacts the stabilizer 3, and the pusher block drives the push rod 43 to move. The movement of the push rod 43 drives the pusher plate 42 to move, causing the chips to be discharged downwards from the inside of the clearance groove 41. To ensure that the chips are removed during the movement, a stop block 45 slides out of the arc groove 32 continuously during the movement. The stop block 45 enters the smooth groove 33 from the inside of the arc groove 32. As the stop block 45 moves continuously, the pusher plate 42 moves continuously inside the clearance groove 41, pushing the chips that have fallen into the clearance groove 41 out of the clearance groove 41, ensuring that the moving rod 28 does not deform during the movement and ensuring the movement accuracy of the moving rod 28.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus, comprising a frame (1), wherein a chuck (11) and a tailstock (12) are provided on the frame (1), the chuck (11) and the tailstock (12) being used to clamp a workpiece to be processed, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a cutting mechanism (2), which is used to cut the workpiece to be processed. The frame (1) is provided with a stabilizing component (3), which cooperates with the cutting mechanism (2). The cutting mechanism (2) is provided with a cleaning mechanism (4), which is used to remove metal chips that fall into the cutting mechanism (2). The cutting mechanism (2) is provided with a contacting mechanism (5), which is used to support the workpiece to be processed so that the workpiece to be processed is always in contact with it during the processing. When the cutting mechanism (2) moves, it drives the cleaning mechanism (4) to move. During the movement, the cleaning mechanism (4) is squeezed against the stabilizing component (3), so that the cleaning mechanism (4) pushes the impurities from the cutting mechanism (2) downwards and out of the frame. The stabilizer (3) includes a stabilizer bar (31) mounted on the frame (1). The stabilizer bar (31) has an arc groove (32) and a smooth groove (33) on one side of the arc groove (32). The smooth groove (33) and the arc groove (32) are connected end to end.

2. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism (2) includes a movable plate (20) mounted on the frame (1), a hydraulic rod (22) mounted on the movable plate (20), a tool holder (21) mounted on the movable plate (20), the hydraulic rod (22) being used to adjust the position of the tool holder (21), the tool holder (21) being used to fasten the cutting tool, a telescopic rod (23) mounted on the movable plate (20), a rotating rod (24) mounted on the movable plate (20), an adjusting member (25) mounted on the end of the rotating rod (24), and the adjusting member (25) being connected to the abutment mechanism (5).

3. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, An adjusting rod (26) is provided on the adjusting member (25), and the adjusting member (25) and the adjusting rod (26) are rotatably connected. A moving rod (28) is provided below the adjusting rod (26), and a first elastic element (27) is provided inside the moving rod (28). The first elastic element (27) is connected to the adjusting rod (26), and the first elastic element (27) is used to push the adjusting rod (26) to extend or retract. A pulley (29) is provided at the bottom of the moving rod (28), and a sliding groove (210) is provided on the moving plate (20). The pulley (29) slides inside the sliding groove (210).

4. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting component (25) includes a connecting rod (256) disposed on a rotating rod (24), a plug rod (253) disposed on the connecting rod (256), a socket (252) sleeved on the plug rod (253), an adjusting seat (251) disposed on the socket (252), a second telescopic component (255) disposed between the socket (252) and the plug rod (253), the second telescopic component (255) being used to push the plug rod (253) to reset; a torsion spring (254) disposed on the adjusting seat (251), the torsion spring (254) being used to push the adjusting seat (251) to reset; both ends of the connecting rod (256) are connected to the abutment mechanism (5).

5. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The abutting mechanism (5) includes a set of first abutting wheels (51) and another set of second abutting wheels (52). There are two of each of the first abutting wheels (51) and the second abutting wheels (52), and the dimensional distance between the two first abutting wheels (51) is greater than the dimensional distance between the two second abutting wheels (52).

6. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impurity removal mechanism (4) includes a clearance groove (41) provided on the moving plate (20), the clearance groove (41) is connected to the sliding groove (210), the sliding groove (210) is provided with a push plate (42) inside, the push plate (42) is used to push metal chips that fall into the sliding groove (210); the push plate (42) is provided with a push rod (43), the push rod (43) slides inside the moving plate (20), the end of the push rod (43) is provided with a stop block (45), the stop block (45) abuts against the stabilizing member (3).

7. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The abutment (45) slides inside the arc groove (32) and the smooth groove (33). A third elastic element (44) is provided inside the moving plate (20). The third elastic element (44) is sleeved on the push rod (43). The third elastic element (44) is used to push the push rod (43) to reset.

8. The high-precision mechanical device processing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, A motor (14) is provided on the frame (1), and the motor (14) is connected to a pulley (15) via a belt. The pulley (15) is connected to the chuck (11) and is used to drive the chuck (11) to rotate. An encoder (13) is provided on the frame (1), and the encoder (13) is connected to the pulley (15) via a belt. A lead screw pair (16) is provided on the frame (1), and the lead screw pair (16) is used to drive the tool holder (21) to move on the frame (1).

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