Method and apparatus for dewatering bottom sediment

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of river and lake sediment treatment, and particularly relates to a sediment dewatering method and device, which comprises a treatment tank, a feed pipe and a liquid injection pipe are arranged at the top end of the treatment tank, and the bottom end of the treatment tank is open; the treatment tank is provided with a sealingly connected sedimentation cylinder, the bottom surface of the sedimentation cylinder is fixedly connected with a group of fixed plates, and the fixed plates are fixedly connected with the treatment tank through bolts; the first gear is driven by the auxiliary electromagnet to mesh with the second gear, at this time, the control connecting rod can be used for forward rotation, so that the second gear drives the first gear to rotate, the screw rod can be controlled to rotate, and the connecting ring moves downward, when the connecting ring is in the moving state, the oxidizing agent can be layered and discharged in the sludge water, so that the full mixing of the oxidizing agent in the sediment and the improvement of the reaction rate are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of river and lake sediment treatment, and particularly relates to a sediment dewatering method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] High water content, rich organic matter, strong compressibility, and low shear strength and permeability are main factors causing the difficulty in dewatering of sediment, and therefore, pretreatment of the sediment is usually required before dewatering. The treatment process destroys the original structure of the sediment by chemical, physical or biological means, such as adding a chemical conditioner and then mixing by stirring, to promote the conversion of bound water in the sediment into an easily removable state, thereby effectively improving the dewatering characteristics of the sediment.

[0003] In the current sediment pretreatment process, a nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) / H2O2 Fenton system is often used as an oxidation means. In order to avoid the rapid decomposition of H2O2 into oxygen and water due to excessive reaction, causing waste of reagents, H2O2 should not be added all at once, but should be added in batches. However, the existing adding method is mostly limited to the surface of the water body, and it is difficult to achieve uniform distribution in the deep layer, which is not conducive to the full mixing of the oxidizing agent in the sediment and the improvement of the reaction efficiency. Therefore, the application provides a sediment dewatering method and device. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the application to solve the technical problems is: the sediment dewatering device comprises a treatment tank, a feed pipe and a liquid injection pipe are arranged at the top end of the treatment tank, and the bottom end of the treatment tank is open; the treatment tank is provided with a sealingly connected sedimentation cylinder, a group of fixed plates are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sedimentation cylinder, and the fixed plates are fixedly connected to the treatment tank through bolts; a connecting rod is rotatably connected in the treatment tank, a group of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod, and a motor for driving the connecting rod to rotate is arranged at the top end of the treatment tank; a connecting ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank, a storage groove is formed in the inner part of the connecting ring, a catheter is communicated with the bottom end of the liquid injection pipe, one end of the catheter away from the liquid injection pipe is communicated with the storage groove, a liquid discharge assembly is arranged on the connecting ring, and a driving assembly for driving the connecting ring to move is arranged in the treatment tank.

[0006] The drive assembly is fixedly connected to a fixed block on the inner side wall of the connecting ring. A lead screw is threaded onto the fixed block. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the top surface of the processing tank. A first gear is slidably connected to the side wall of the lead screw. An electromagnet that magnetically attracts the first gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lead screw. A first spring is transitionally connected between the top surface of the electromagnet and the first gear. A pair of support rods are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the connecting rod. A second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod away from the connecting rod.

[0007] The drainage assembly includes a set of outlet pipes, which are connected to the inside of the storage tank. The outlet pipes are inclined and a sealing assembly is installed inside the outlet pipes.

[0008] The inner wall of the storage tank is sealed and slidably connected with a pressure ring, and the top surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, the output end of which is fixedly connected to the top surface of the pressure ring.

[0009] The bottom surface of the connecting ring is provided with a sliding groove, and a cleaning plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. A shaking component is provided on the connecting ring to make the cleaning plate shake.

[0010] The shaking assembly includes a set of second springs fixedly connected to the top surface of the cleaning plate. The end of the second spring away from the cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage tank. A set of connecting pipes connects the chute and the storage tank, and the top end of the connecting pipes is located above the pressure ring.

[0011] The sealing assembly includes an inlet section, a transition section, and an outlet section disposed within the outlet pipe. The inner diameter of the inlet section is smaller than that of the outlet section. The transition section is funnel-shaped. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outlet section. A sealing ball for sealing the transition section is slidably connected to the guide rod. A ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rod. A third spring is fixedly connected between the ring and the sealing ball.

[0012] A conical block is connected to the side of the sealing ball away from the third spring. A cleaning ring is slidably connected to the liquid inlet section. A connecting line is fixedly connected between the cleaning ring and the sealing ball. An elastic rope is fixedly connected between the side of the cleaning ring away from the connecting line and the transition section.

[0013] A method for dewatering bottom sediment, the method employing the aforementioned bottom sediment dewatering device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. The mud-water mixture is injected into the treatment tank through the feed pipe, and then nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) is injected through the feed pipe. The connecting rod is rotated by the motor to make the stirring blades stir and mix the nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) with the mud-water. The oxidant (H2O2) is injected through the liquid injection pipe and stored in the storage tank.

[0015] S2. Inject oxidant (H2O2) into the injection tube and let the oxidant enter the storage tank through the tube for storage. Start the electromagnet to make the first gear mesh with the second gear. At this time, the control connecting rod can be used to rotate forward or reverse, and the control screw can be used to rotate forward or reverse, so that the screw can be reversed to control the connecting ring to move upward.

[0016] S3. By using the output end of the electric telescopic rod to push the pressure ring, the pressure ring pressurizes the oxidant, thereby pressurizing the sealing ball and spraying it out from the liquid outlet section into the mud and water.

[0017] S4. PAM flocculant is added to the storage tank and then discharged into the mud water through the outlet pipe. The mixture is stirred and mixed with the stirring blades to obtain the conditioned bottom mud mixture. The bottom mud is then allowed to settle in the sedimentation tank.

[0018] S5. By inserting the pumping pipe into the treatment tank from the feed pipe, the upper layer of clear water is pumped away. Then, by disassembling the bolts, the sedimentation cylinder is removed from the treatment pipe. Finally, the bottom sludge is dewatered by pressure filtration, thus completing the bottom sludge dewatering.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. This invention uses an electromagnet to attract the first gear, which meshes with the second gear. At this time, the connecting rod can be rotated in the forward direction, so that the second gear drives the first gear to rotate, which in turn rotates the lead screw to control the connecting ring to move downward. When the connecting ring is in the moving state, the oxidant can be discharged in layers in the mud water, thereby improving the full mixing of the oxidant in the bottom mud and increasing the reaction rate.

[0021] 2. This invention uses the output end of an electric telescopic rod to push a pressure ring, which pressurizes the oxidant, allowing the oxidant to be sprayed out under pressure. This increases the spraying area of ​​the oxidant in the mud-water mixture, improving the uniformity of the oxidant spray and the mixing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom sediment dewatering device in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing tank in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid outlet pipe in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the method in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Processing tank; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Injection pipe; 4. Sedimentation cylinder; 5. Fixing plate; 6. Lead screw; 7. Connecting ring; 8. Guide tube; 9. First gear; 10. Second gear; 11. Electromagnet; 12. Fixing block; 13. Pressure ring; 14. Storage tank; 15. Electric telescopic rod; 16. Slide chute; 17. Cleaning plate; 18. Connecting pipe; 19. Discharge pipe; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Stirring blade; 22. Inlet section; 23. Transition section; 24. Discharge section; 25. Guide rod; 26. Ring; 27. Sealing ball; 28. Conical block; 29. ​​Cleaning ring; 30. Connecting line; 31. Elastic rope. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, a bottom sediment dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a treatment tank 1. The top of the treatment tank 1 is provided with a feed pipe 2 and a liquid injection pipe 3, and the bottom of the treatment tank 1 is open. The treatment tank 1 is provided with a sedimentation cylinder 4 that is sealed and connected. A set of fixing plates 5 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sedimentation cylinder 4 and the fixing plates 5 are fixedly connected to the treatment tank 1 by bolts. A connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected inside the treatment tank 1. A set of stirring blades 21 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting rod 20. A motor for driving the connecting rod 20 to rotate is provided at the top of the treatment tank 1. A connecting ring 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. A storage tank 14 is opened inside the connecting ring 7. The bottom end of the liquid injection pipe 3 is connected to a conduit 8. The end of the conduit 8 away from the liquid injection pipe 3 is connected to the storage tank 14. A drain assembly is provided on the connecting ring 7. A drive assembly for driving the connecting ring 7 to move is provided inside the treatment tank 1.

[0033] In this application, during the dewatering treatment of bottom sediment, a mud-water mixture is injected into the treatment tank 1 through the feed pipe 2. Then, nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) is injected through the feed pipe 2. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 20 is rotated by a motor, causing the stirring blades 21 to mix the nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) with the mud-water. At the same time, an oxidant (H2O2) is injected through the injection pipe 3, allowing the oxidant to enter the storage tank 14 through the conduit 8. At this point, the drive assembly moves the connecting ring 7 up and down, allowing the oxidant to be discharged from the drainage assembly. With the connecting ring 7 in a moving state, the oxidant can... The sludge is discharged in layers to improve the mixing and reaction rate of the oxidant in the sediment. After pretreatment with Fenton reagent of type nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) / H2O2, PAM flocculant is added to the sediment to obtain a conditioned sediment mixture. PAM flocculant can also be injected through connecting ring 7. Then the sediment will settle in sedimentation cylinder 4. The clear water on the top can be pumped away. The pumping pipe can enter the treatment tank 1 from the feed pipe 2. Then the sedimentation cylinder 4 can be removed from the treatment pipe by unscrewing the bolts for further treatment of the sediment.

[0034] The drive assembly connecting ring 7 is fixedly connected to a fixing block 12 on its inner sidewall. A lead screw 6 is threaded onto the fixing block 12. The lead screw 6 is rotatably connected to the top surface of the processing tank 1. A first gear 9 is slidably connected to the sidewall of the lead screw 6. An electromagnet 11, magnetically attracted to the first gear 9, is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the lead screw 6. A first spring is transitionally connected between the top surface of the electromagnet 11 and the first gear 9. A pair of support rods are fixedly connected to the outer sidewall of the connecting rod 20. A second gear 10, meshing with the first gear 9, is fixedly connected to the end of each support rod away from the connecting rod 20. This application requires connection... When ring 7 moves up and down, electromagnet 11 can be used to attract the first gear 9, causing the first gear 9 to mesh with the second gear 10. At this time, the control connecting rod 20 can be rotated forward, causing the second gear 10 to drive the first gear 9 to rotate. The lead screw 6 can be rotated to control the connecting ring 7 to move downward. The motor can control the connecting rod 20 to reverse, causing the second gear 10 to drive the first gear 9 to reverse, so that the lead screw 6 can reverse to control the connecting ring 7 to move upward. When the connecting ring 7 does not need to move, electromagnet 11 is turned off, and the first spring pushes the first gear 9, at which time the first gear 9 will move away from the second gear 10.

[0035] The drain assembly includes a set of drain pipes 19, which are connected to the interior of the storage tank 14. The drain pipes 19 are inclined and a sealing assembly is provided inside the drain pipes 19. This application can inject the oxidant into the storage tank 14 for storage, so as to facilitate the subsequent use of the oxidant. When the oxidant needs to be discharged, the sealing assembly can be opened, and the oxidant can be discharged from the drain pipes 19.

[0036] The inner wall of the storage tank 14 is slidably sealed with a pressure ring 13, and the top surface of the connecting ring 7 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 15. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 15 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the pressure ring 13. When the oxidant needs to be discharged, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 15 can be used to push the pressure ring 13, so that the pressure ring 13 pressurizes the oxidant, thereby allowing the oxidant to be sprayed out under pressure, increasing the spraying area of ​​the oxidant in the mud-water mixture, and improving the uniformity and mixing effect of the oxidant spray.

[0037] The bottom surface of the connecting ring 7 is provided with a sliding groove 16, and the inner wall of the sliding groove 16 is slidably connected to a cleaning plate 17. The connecting ring 7 is provided with a shaking component to make the cleaning plate 17 vibrate. When the bottom mud is processed in the treatment tank 1, the connecting ring 7 can continue to move up and down. At this time, the cleaning plate 17 can be used to scrape off the residue on the inner wall of the treatment tank 1 to achieve the effect of cleaning the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. After scraping, the shaking component can be used to make the cleaning plate 17 vibrate to shake off the residue on the cleaning plate 17 to achieve the effect of self-cleaning.

[0038] The shaking assembly includes a set of second springs fixedly connected to the top surface of the cleaning plate 17. The end of the second spring away from the cleaning plate 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage tank 14. A set of connecting pipes 18 connects the slide 16 and the storage tank 14. The top end of the connecting pipes 18 is located above the pressure ring 13. When the pressure ring 13 needs to shake, the oxidant in the storage tank 14 has been used up. At this time, the pressure ring 13 is driven to move upward by the electric telescopic rod 15. The pressure ring 13 will push the gas in the storage tank 14 from the connecting pipes 18 into the slide 16, thereby allowing the gas to push the cleaning plate 17. When the pressure plate is driven downward by the electric telescopic rod 15, the second spring will pull the cleaning plate 17 upward, so that the cleaning plate 17 moves up and down continuously, thereby achieving the shaking effect to shake off the residue on the cleaning plate 17.

[0039] Example 2: Figure 6As shown in the comparative embodiment one, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the sealing assembly includes an inlet section 22, a transition section 23, and an outlet section 24 disposed in the outlet pipe 19. The inner diameter of the inlet section 22 is smaller than that of the outlet section 24. The transition section 23 is funnel-shaped. A guide rod 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outlet section 24. A sealing ball 27 for sealing the transition section 23 is slidably connected to the guide rod 25. A ring 26 is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rod 25. A third spring is fixedly connected between the ring 26 and the sealing ball 27. When the liquid in this application is pressurized by the pressure ring 13, the liquid will first pass through the inlet section 22, causing the liquid to push the sealing ball 27 to stop sealing the transition section 23. At this time, the liquid will be discharged from the outlet section 24. When the pressure ring 13 stops pressurizing the liquid, the third spring will pull down the sealing ball 27 to seal the transition section 23.

[0040] The sealing ball 27 is connected to a conical block 28 on the side away from the third spring. The liquid inlet section 22 is slidably connected to a cleaning ring 29. A connecting line 30 is fixedly connected between the cleaning ring 29 and the sealing ball 27. An elastic rope 31 is fixedly connected between the side of the cleaning ring 29 away from the connecting line 30 and the transition section 23. When the sealing ball 27 is pressurized and pushed, the conical block 28 can assist the sealing ball 27 to enter the mud-water mixture. At the same time, the sealing ball 27 can be pulled to the cleaning ring 29. The cleaning ring 29 can clean the residue (mud-water) in the transition section 23 to prevent blockage in the liquid outlet pipe 19.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, a method for dewatering bottom sediment, using the aforementioned bottom sediment dewatering device, includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. The mud-water mixture is injected into the treatment tank through the feed pipe, and then nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) is injected through the feed pipe. The connecting rod 20 is rotated by the motor, and the stirring blade 21 stirs and mixes the nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) with the mud-water. Oxidant (H2O2) is injected through the injection pipe 3 and stored in the storage tank 14.

[0043] S2. Inject oxidant (H2O2) into the injection tube 3 and let the oxidant enter the storage tank 14 through the conduit 8 for storage. Start the electromagnet 11 to make the first gear 9 mesh with the second gear 10. At this time, the control connecting rod 20 can be used to rotate forward or reverse, and the control screw 6 can be rotated forward or reverse to make the connecting ring 7 move upward.

[0044] S3. By using the output end of the electric telescopic rod 15 to push the pressure ring 13, the pressure ring 13 pressurizes the oxidant, thereby causing the oxidant to push the sealing ball 27 under pressure and then spray it out from the liquid outlet section 24 into the mud water.

[0045] S4. PAM flocculant is added into storage tank 14 and then discharged into mud water through outlet pipe 19. It is stirred and mixed with stirring blade 21 to obtain a conditioned bottom mud mixture. The bottom mud is then allowed to settle in sedimentation tank 4.

[0046] S5. By inserting the pumping pipe into the treatment tank 1 from the feed pipe 2, the upper layer of clear water is pumped away. Then, by disassembling the bolts, the sedimentation cylinder 4 is removed from the treatment pipe. After that, the bottom sludge is dewatered by pressure filtration, thus completing the bottom sludge dewatering.

[0047] Working principle: The mud-water mixture is injected into the treatment tank 1 through the feed pipe 2, followed by the injection of nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) through the feed pipe 2. Simultaneously, the motor drives the connecting rod 20 to rotate, causing the stirring blades 21 to mix the nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) with the mud-water. At the same time, oxidant (H2O2) is injected through the injection pipe 3, allowing it to flow through the conduit 8 into the storage tank 14. The drive assembly then moves the connecting ring 7 up and down, allowing the oxidant to be discharged from the drain assembly. With the connecting ring 7 in a moving state, the oxidant can be discharged in stratified layers within the mud-water, thus improving the thorough mixing and reaction rate of the oxidant in the sediment. After pretreatment with a Fenton reagent-based solution of nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) / H2O2, PAM flocculant is added to the sediment to obtain a conditioned sediment mixture. The PAM flocculant can also be added through… After the connecting ring 7 is injected, the sludge will settle in the sedimentation cylinder 4. The upper layer of clear water can be pumped away by a pump. The pumping pipe can enter the treatment tank 1 from the feed pipe 2. Then, by disassembling the bolts, the sedimentation cylinder 4 can be removed from the treatment pipe for further treatment of the bottom sludge. When the connecting ring 7 needs to move up and down, the first gear 9 can be attracted by the electromagnet 11, so that the first gear 9 meshes with the second gear 10. At this time, the connecting rod 20 can be rotated forward, so that the second gear 10 drives the first gear 9 to rotate. The lead screw 6 can be rotated to control the connecting ring 7 to move downward. When the motor controls the connecting rod 20 to reverse, the second gear 10 drives the first gear 9 to reverse, so that the lead screw 6 reverses to control the connecting ring 7 to move upward. When the connecting ring 7 does not need to move, the electromagnet 11 is turned off, and the first spring pushes the first gear 9. At this time, the first gear 9 will move away from the second gear 10.

[0048] This application allows the oxidant to be injected into the storage tank 14 for storage, so that it can be used later. When the oxidant needs to be discharged, the sealing component can be opened, and the oxidant can be discharged from the outlet pipe 19. When the oxidant needs to be discharged, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 15 can be used to push the pressure ring 13, so that the pressure ring 13 pressurizes the oxidant, thereby allowing the oxidant to be sprayed out under pressure, increasing the spraying area of ​​the oxidant in the mud-water mixture, and improving the uniformity of the oxidant spray and the mixing effect.

[0049] When the bottom sludge is processed in the treatment tank 1, the connecting ring 7 can continue to move up and down. At this time, the cleaning plate 17 can be used to scrape off the residue on the inner wall of the treatment tank 1 to achieve the effect of cleaning the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. After scraping, the cleaning plate 17 can be shaken by the shaking component to shake off the residue on the cleaning plate 17, achieving the effect of self-cleaning. When the pressure ring 13 needs to be shaken, the oxidant in the storage tank 14 has been used up. At this time, the pressure ring 13 is driven to move upward by the electric telescopic rod 15. The pressure ring 13 will push the gas in the storage tank 14 from the connecting pipe 18 into the slide 16, thereby allowing the gas to push the cleaning plate 17. When the pressure plate is driven to move downward by the electric telescopic rod 15, the second spring will pull the cleaning plate 17 to move upward, so that the cleaning plate 17 moves up and down continuously, thereby achieving the effect of shaking off the residue on the cleaning plate 17.

[0050] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bottom sludge dewatering device, comprising a treatment tank (1), the top end of the treatment tank (1) is provided with a feeding pipe (2) and a liquid injection pipe (3), the bottom end of the treatment tank (1) is open; characterized in that The treatment tank (1) is provided with a sealingly connected sedimentation cylinder (4), the bottom surface of the sedimentation cylinder (4) is fixedly connected with a group of fixed plates (5), the fixed plates (5) are fixedly connected with the treatment tank (1) by bolts; The inner wall of the treatment tank (1) is slidably connected with a connecting rod (20), the side wall of the connecting rod (20) is fixedly connected with a group of stirring blades (21), the top end of the treatment tank (1) is provided with a motor for driving the rotation of the connecting rod (20); The inner wall of the treatment tank (1) is slidably connected with a connecting ring (7), the inside of the connecting ring (7) is provided with a storage groove (14), the bottom end of the liquid injection pipe (3) is communicated with a conduit (8), the end of the conduit (8) away from the liquid injection pipe (3) is communicated with the storage groove (14), the connecting ring (7) is provided with a liquid discharge assembly, and the treatment tank (1) is provided with a driving assembly for driving the movement of the connecting ring (7); The driving assembly comprises a fixed block (12) fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the connecting ring (7), a screw rod (6) threadedly connected to the fixed block (12), the screw rod (6) rotatably connected to the top surface of the treatment tank (1), a first gear (9) slidably connected to the side wall of the screw rod (6), an electromagnet (11) fixedly connected to the side wall of the screw rod (6) and magnetically attracted to the first gear (9), a first spring transitionally connected between the top surface of the electromagnet (11) and the first gear (9), and a pair of support rods fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the connecting rod (20), the ends of the support rods away from the connecting rod (20) are fixedly connected with a second gear (10) engaged with the first gear (9); The liquid discharge assembly comprises a group of liquid outlet pipes (19), the liquid outlet pipes (19) are communicated with the inside of the storage groove (14), the liquid outlet pipes (19) are obliquely arranged, and the liquid outlet pipes (19) are provided with a sealing assembly; The inner wall of the storage groove (14) is sealingly and slidably connected with a compression ring (13), the top surface of the connecting ring (7) is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod (15), and the output end of the electric telescopic rod (15) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the compression ring (13); The bottom surface of the connecting ring (7) is provided with a sliding groove (16), the inner wall of the sliding groove (16) is sealingly and slidably connected with a cleaning plate (17), and the connecting ring (7) is provided with a shaking assembly for shaking the cleaning plate (17).

2. A device for dewatering bottom sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaking assembly comprises a group of second springs fixedly connected to the top surface of the cleaning plate (17), the ends of the second springs away from the cleaning plate (17) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the storage groove (14), a group of connecting pipes (18) are communicated between the sliding groove (16) and the storage groove (14), and the top end of the connecting pipe (18) is located above the compression ring (13).

3. The device of claim 1, wherein: The sealing assembly includes a liquid inlet section (22), a transition section (23) and a liquid outlet section (24) arranged in the liquid outlet pipe (19), the inner diameter of the liquid inlet section (22) is smaller than that of the liquid outlet section (24), the transition section (23) is trumpet-shaped, the inner wall of the liquid outlet section (24) is fixedly connected with a guide rod (25), the guide rod (25) is slidably connected with a sealing ball (27) sealing the transition section (23), the surface of the guide rod (25) is fixedly connected with a circular ring (26), and the circular ring (26) and the sealing ball (27) are fixedly connected with a third spring.

4. A device for dewatering bottom sediment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the sealing ball (27) away from the third spring is transitionally connected with a tapered block (28), the liquid inlet section (22) is slidably connected with a cleaning ring (29), the cleaning ring (29) and the sealing ball (27) are fixedly connected with a connecting line (30), and the side of the cleaning ring (29) away from the connecting line (30) is fixedly connected with an elastic rope (31) between the transition section (23).

5. A method for dewatering a bottom sludge using the bottom sludge dewatering apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, injecting the sludge-water mixture from the feed pipe into the treatment tank, then injecting nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) from the feed pipe, rotating the motor-driven connecting rod (20), and allowing the stirring blade (21) to stir and mix nFe2O3 / MIL-53(Al) with the sludge-water, and injecting the oxidizing agent H2O2 from the liquid injection pipe (3) to allow the oxidizing agent to be stored in the storage tank (14); S2, injecting the oxidizing agent H2O2 from the liquid injection pipe (3) to allow the oxidizing agent to enter the storage tank (14) through the conduit (8), and allowing the first gear (9) and the second gear (10) to mesh by starting the electromagnet (11), then rotating or reversing the control connecting rod (20) to control the screw rod (6) to rotate or reverse, so that the screw rod (6) reversely controls the connecting ring (7) to move upward; S3, pushing the pressure ring (13) by the output end of the electric telescopic rod (15) to pressurize the oxidizing agent, so that the oxidizing agent is pressurized to push the sealing ball (27), and then sprayed from the liquid outlet section (24) into the sludge-water.

6. A method of dewatering a bottom sediment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: S4, by putting the PAM flocculant into the storage tank (14), then discharging it from the liquid outlet pipe (19) into the sludge-water, and stirring and mixing by the stirring blade (21), a conditioned sludge mixture is obtained, and the sludge is allowed to settle in the settling cylinder (4); S5, by putting the water pump into the treatment tank (1) from the feed pipe (2), then pumping away the upper stagnant water, then disassembling the bolts to take out the settling cylinder (4) from the treatment tank (1), and then pressure filtering and dewatering the sludge, the sludge dewatering is completed.

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