Fluorinated chemical cracking furnace

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of cracking furnace, in particular to a fluorine chemical cracking furnace, which comprises a reactor shell, a head coaxially fixedly installed at the upper end of the reactor shell, a fixed cylinder and a rotating cylinder coaxially arranged in the reactor shell, the fixed cylinder being fixedly installed at the upper end of the reactor shell through bolts, and a plurality of support assemblies being fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder; the rotating cylinder and heat exchange plates are arranged in the reactor shell, the heat exchange plates are rotated under the driving of the heat exchange pipes, the materials in the reaction chamber can continuously and uniformly flow, the problems of short circuit flow and dead zone in the traditional fixed reactor are solved, the temperature field in the reaction chamber is more uniform, and a more ideal isothermal operating environment is provided for the cracking reaction of fluorine-containing organic matter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cracking furnace, in particular to a fluorine chemical cracking furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of fluorine chemical industry, cracking furnace is a key gas phase reactor, which is used to make the raw materials such as fluorine-containing organic matter to break the bond, rearrange and other chemical reactions at high temperature, so as to produce target products. The efficiency, product selectivity and yield of such reactions are highly dependent on the uniformity of the internal temperature field of the reactor, the residence time of the reactants and the efficiency of heat and mass transfer.

[0003] In the prior art, the typical structure of cracking furnace has an external heater, or fixedly arranged resistance heating elements inside the furnace chamber, and its working principle is to radiate heat to the reaction space through the furnace wall or fixed heat source, thereby heating the flowing materials. However, this traditional static heating structure has inherent technical defects, mainly manifested in the uneven distribution of internal temperature of the reactor. First, the fixed installation of heating elements makes the heat input statically distributed in space. This leads to excessive temperature in the area close to the heat source, and insufficient temperature in the center of the reactor or the area far from the heat source, forming a significant radial and axial temperature gradient. This gradient violates the isothermal operating conditions pursued by ideal reactors. Secondly, in the static heating chamber, the fluid mainly relies on natural convection, and the mixing efficiency is low. It is easy to form laminar flow, short circuit flow or dead zone, which leads to insufficient reaction of part of the materials due to too short residence time, and excessive cracking, coking and other side reactions of another part of the materials due to too long residence time. Finally, poor adaptability to dynamic characteristics of the reaction process: during the reaction process, as the composition of the material, the feed rate or the reaction stage changes, the ideal heat field distribution should also be dynamically adjusted, however, the existing fixed structure cannot realize this real-time and spatial adaptability adjustment, which limits the improvement of process optimization and product consistency. The above-mentioned unevenness of temperature and flow field directly leads to a series of engineering problems such as decrease of product selectivity, increase of by-products, acceleration of catalyst deactivation, and coking and carbon deposition on the inner wall and internal components of the reactor. Coking not only increases the heat transfer resistance, reduces energy efficiency, but also blocks the flow channel, forcing the reactor to be frequently stopped for coking removal, which seriously affects the continuity and economy of production.

[0004] In order to improve the uniformity of temperature, the prior art makes many adjustments in the control strategy, for example, using a zoned temperature control system, however, such improvement is essentially a compensation based on a static mechanical structure with inherent defects, and does not solve the fundamental problem of heat field and flow field distribution from the core structure of the reactor; for example, zoned control can adjust the heating power of each zone, but cannot change the physical position of the heat source and the spatial direction of the heat flow in each region, and has limited effect on eliminating the micro-uniformity in the core area of the reactor. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a fluorine chemical cracking furnace to solve the problem of non-uniformity of temperature and flow field in the traditional fluorine chemical cracking furnace, which directly leads to the decrease of product selectivity, the increase of by-products, the acceleration of catalyst deactivation, and the coking and carbon deposition on the inner wall and internal components of the reactor, which seriously affects the continuity and economy of production.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fluorine chemical cracking furnace, comprising a reactor shell and a head, the head is coaxially fixedly installed at the upper end of the reactor shell by bolts, a fixed cylinder and a rotating cylinder are coaxially arranged in the reactor shell, the upper end of the fixed cylinder is fixedly installed at the upper end of the reactor shell by bolts, a plurality of support assemblies are fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected with the inner bottom wall of the reactor shell through the support assemblies, the upper side of the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the reactor shell, the lower end of the fixed cylinder extends into the rotating cylinder, a conversion channel is formed between the lower end of the fixed cylinder and the inner bottom wall of the rotating cylinder, the outer side wall of the fixed cylinder and the inner side wall of the reactor shell form a preheating cavity, a raw material pipe is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the reactor shell, the raw material pipe is arranged on the upper side of the preheating cavity, a heat exchange pipe is coaxially arranged in the reactor shell, the heat exchange pipe penetrates through the rotating cylinder, the outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe is fixedly connected with the rotating cylinder, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange pipe are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the head and the bottom wall of the reactor shell respectively, a heat source pipe is coaxially fixedly installed at the lower end of the reactor shell, the heat source pipe extends into the heat exchange pipe, a smoke exhaust pipe is coaxially fixedly installed at the upper end of the head, the smoke exhaust pipe is in communication with the heat exchange pipe, a plurality of first vanes are coaxially arranged in the heat exchange pipe, a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged outside the heat exchange pipe, the outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe and the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder form a reaction chamber, the plurality of heat exchange plates all extend into the reaction chamber, a product pipe is arranged on the head, the product pipe is in communication with the reaction chamber.

[0008] The application sets a No. 1 blade in the heat exchange pipe, when carrying out the cracking work, the heat source pipe passes high-temperature flue gas into the heat exchange pipe, the high-temperature flue gas flows upward, when the high-temperature flue gas flow flows through the No. 1 blade, the No. 1 blade is driven by the airflow to rotate, the No. 1 blade rotates and drives the heat exchange pipe to rotate, the heat exchange pipe rotates to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate; after the high-temperature flue gas is passed into the heat exchange pipe, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is conducted to the pipe wall of the heat exchange pipe, and then is conducted to the reaction chamber and the preheating cavity from the pipe wall of the heat exchange pipe, at the same time, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is also conducted to the heat exchange plate arranged on the outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange plate rotates with the heat exchange pipe, the heat exchange plate changes the contact position with the materials in the reaction chamber during the rotating process, so that the heat can be more uniformly transmitted to each area in the reaction chamber, effectively avoiding the occurrence of local overheating or overcooling. The dynamic heat transfer mode significantly improves the uniformity of the temperature field in the reaction chamber, provides a more ideal isothermal operating environment for the cracking reaction of fluorine-containing organic materials and the like, effectively solves the problems of uneven temperature, low mixing efficiency and the like in the prior art, and provides a more efficient and stable reaction environment for the cracking reaction of fluorine chemical industry.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed cylinder comprises a mounting part and a conical part, the mounting part is fixedly installed with the upper end of the reactor shell through bolts, the conical part is a cone with the large end upward, the inner side wall of the mounting part is connected with the large end of the conical part, and the outer side wall of the conical part and the inner side wall of the reactor shell form the preheating cavity.

[0010] By setting the fixed cylinder into the mounting part and the conical part, the passing area of the upper end of the preheating cavity is smaller than that of the lower end, and the airflow velocity is adjusted accordingly when the fluorine-containing organic material enters the upper end of the preheating cavity due to the change of the passage cross-sectional area, so that the residence time of the fluorine-containing organic material in the preheating cavity is effectively controlled, and a more uniform preheating effect is realized. Not only the preheating efficiency is improved, but also the stable operation of the subsequent cracking reaction is laid a foundation. At the same time, the setting of the conical part also helps to guide the airflow to form a certain vortex, increase the contact area of the material and the heat source, and further improve the preheating uniformity.

[0011] Preferably, the inner side of the heat exchange plate is provided with a heat conduction cavity, the heat conduction cavity is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange pipe, the heat exchange plate forms an angle with the horizontal plane, the inclination direction of the heat exchange plate is the same as that of the No. 1 blade, and the angle between the heat exchange plate and the horizontal plane is the same as the inclination angle of the No. 1 blade.

[0012] By setting the heat-conducting cavity in the heat exchange plate, the high-temperature flue gas entering the heat exchange tube enters the heat-conducting cavity, and the high-temperature flue gas fully conducts heat to each part of the heat exchange plate during the flow in the heat-conducting cavity, further improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange plate. Moreover, since the heat exchange plate is arranged at an angle with the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction and the inclination angle are the same as those of the first blade, when the heat exchange tube drives the heat exchange plate to rotate, the heat exchange plate can stir and transfer heat to the materials in the reaction chamber at a specific angle and direction, so that the materials form an orderly flow state in the reaction chamber, avoiding the accumulation of materials in local areas, and allowing heat to be more evenly distributed to the materials, greatly improving the uniformity of the temperature field and flow field in the reaction chamber, thereby making the entire cracking process more efficient and stable, and effectively improving the quality and product yield of the fluorine-containing organic matter cracking reaction. Moreover, the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the heat exchange plate are the same as those of the first blade, and the heat exchange plate rotates with the heat exchange tube during the rotation of the heat exchange tube, thereby generating upward airflow, thereby accelerating the upward flow of the fluorine-containing organic matter, further improving the circulation efficiency of the materials in the reaction chamber, allowing the materials to contact the heat source more quickly and more fully, and completing the cracking reaction, thereby optimizing the heat conduction path, and enhancing the mixing effect of the materials through physical stirring, solving the problems of large temperature gradient and uneven mixing in the traditional cracking furnace.

[0013] Preferably, a flow guide vane is fixedly installed in the heat-conducting cavity, the upper and lower surfaces of the flow guide vane are parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchange plate, and the flow guide vane divides the heat-conducting cavity into a heat flow channel with a U-shaped cross section, and the flow guide vane extends into the heat exchange tube.

[0014] By setting the flow guide vane in the heat-conducting cavity, when the high-temperature gas in the heat exchange tube flows upward, the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube is guided into the heat flow channel when the high-temperature gas contacts the lower end surface of the flow guide vane, and the high-temperature flue gas flows along a U-shaped path in the heat flow channel, which significantly prolongs the residence time of the high-temperature flue gas in the heat-conducting cavity, so that heat can be more fully absorbed by the heat exchange plate and transferred to the reaction chamber, and the part of the flow guide vane extending into the heat exchange tube also plays a role in guiding the uniform distribution of high-temperature flue gas, avoiding the situation of excessively high or low local high-temperature flue gas concentration, and further enhancing the uniformity of the temperature field in the heat exchange tube. Moreover, the high-temperature flue gas acts on the flow guide vane, and the flow guide vane is pushed by the airflow, which rotates with the heat exchange plate and the heat exchange tube, and this rotation further enhances the uniformity of the flow of high-temperature flue gas in the heat-conducting cavity, making heat transfer more efficient and stable.

[0015] Preferably, a second blade is coaxially arranged on the upper outer side wall of the heat exchange tube, the inclination angle of the second blade is the same as that of the first blade, and the outer side wall of the second blade is rotationally connected with the side wall of the head.

[0016] By setting the second vane on the upper outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe, the second vane is driven to rotate in the rotation process of the heat exchange pipe, so as to generate upward airflow, which can further promote the circulation flow of the materials in the reaction chamber, so that the distribution of the materials in the reaction chamber is more uniform, and the phenomenon of local material accumulation or stagnation is avoided. The outer side wall of the second vane is rotationally connected with the side wall of the head, which not only ensures the stable rotation of the second vane, but also reduces the energy loss and improves the energy efficiency of the entire cracking furnace.

[0017] Preferably, the support assembly comprises a plurality of supports, a first roller and a circular guide rail, the supports are fixedly installed on the lower end of the rotating cylinder by bolts, the circular guide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the reactor shell by bolts, a plurality of first rollers are rotationally installed on the lower end of the support, and the plurality of first rollers are in rolling connection with the circular guide rail.

[0018] By setting the first roller and the circular guide rail on the lower end of the rotating cylinder, the first roller rolls along the circular guide rail in the rotation process of the rotating cylinder. This rolling connection not only provides stable support for the rotating cylinder, but also greatly reduces the frictional resistance when the rotating cylinder rotates, so that the rotating cylinder can rotate more smoothly and flexibly, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the operation of the entire cracking furnace. Moreover, the combination of a plurality of supports and first rollers can evenly disperse various forces generated when the rotating cylinder rotates, avoiding structural damage caused by excessive local stress and prolonging the service life of the cracking furnace. At the same time, this support assembly has a simple structure, is easy to install and disassemble, and is convenient for subsequent maintenance and repair work, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and use difficulty of the equipment.

[0019] Preferably, the peripheral surface of the first roller is provided with a conical surface, and the circular guide rail is provided with a conical surface with a large end downward, and the conical surface and the conical surface are in rolling connection.

[0020] The special structure makes the contact between the first roller and the circular guide rail more closely and stably. During the rotation of the rotating cylinder, even if affected by various external forces, the first roller can always keep good contact with the circular guide rail, and the situation of derailment or shaking does not occur, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the rotation of the rotating cylinder. Further, the cooperation of the conical surface and the conical frustum surface can also automatically adjust the gap between the first roller and the circular guide rail. When the equipment runs for a period of time, the gap increases due to wear and other reasons, the interaction of the conical surface and the conical frustum surface will make the first roller automatically close to the center, thereby ensuring the normal rolling connection between the first roller and the circular guide rail, reducing the noise and vibration caused by the too large gap, improving the operation quality of the entire cracking furnace, and the scheme helps to disperse the stress generated during the rotation of the rotating cylinder, avoids stress concentration in a local position of the first roller, reduces the risk of damage of the first roller, prolongs the service life of the first roller, and further reduces the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment, and improves the production efficiency.

[0021] Preferably, the outer side wall of the second blade is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is coaxially arranged with the second blade, a plurality of second rollers are arranged in the mounting groove, the axis of the second roller is vertically arranged, the second roller is rotationally connected with the second blade, and the second roller is rolling connected with the side wall of the head.

[0022] By arranging the second roller on the second blade, the second roller will roll along the side wall of the head during the rotation of the second blade. This design further reduces the frictional resistance between the second blade and the side wall of the head, so that the second blade can rotate more smoothly and efficiently. At the same time, the rolling connection mode of the second roller also plays a role in stabilizing the rotation of the second blade, avoiding the situation that the second blade shakes or deviates during rotation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the operation of the entire cracking furnace. Moreover, the second roller also has a certain buffering effect. When the second blade is impacted by external force, the second roller can absorb part of the impact force, reduce the damage to the second blade and the side wall of the head, and prolong the service life of the equipment.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0024] 1. This invention, by setting a rotating cylinder and heat exchange plate inside the reactor shell, allows the heat exchange plate to rotate under the drive of the heat exchange tube, enabling the material in the reaction chamber to flow continuously and uniformly. This avoids incomplete reaction due to insufficient residence time for some materials, and excessive cracking, coking, and carbonization due to excessive residence time for others. It solves the problems of short-circuit flow and dead zones in traditional stationary reactors, making the temperature field in the reaction chamber more uniform and providing a more ideal isothermal operating environment for the cracking reaction of fluorinated organic compounds.

[0025] 2. This invention, by setting a heat-conducting cavity and guide vanes within the heat exchange plate, allows high-temperature flue gas to flow along the U-shaped heat flow channels separated by the guide vanes within the heat-conducting cavity. This significantly extends the residence time of the high-temperature flue gas within the heat-conducting cavity, enabling the heat to be more fully absorbed by the heat exchange plate and transferred to the reaction chamber. This effectively improves the heat transfer efficiency and further enhances the uniformity of the temperature field within the reaction chamber. Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas acts on the guide vanes, causing them to rotate together with the heat exchange plate and heat exchange tubes, further strengthening the uniformity of the flow of high-temperature flue gas within the heat-conducting cavity. This makes heat transfer more efficient and stable, contributing to improved quality and product yield in the pyrolysis reaction.

[0026] 3. This invention sets a second blade on the heat exchange tube. When the heat exchange tube rotates, it drives the second blade to rotate synchronously. The airflow generated by the rotation of the second blade forms a three-dimensional circulating flow field in the reaction chamber. This flow field cooperates with the material flow formed by the stirring of the heat exchange plate, so that the material forms a spiral upward motion trajectory in three-dimensional space, which improves the product yield of the pyrolysis reaction and ensures the sufficiency of the pyrolysis reaction and the consistency of the products. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the fluorochemical cracking furnace of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a full sectional view of the fluorochemical cracking furnace of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting components in the fluorochemical cracking furnace of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Reactor shell; 101. Preheating chamber; 102. Conversion channel; 103. Reaction chamber; 2. Head; 3. Fixed cylinder; 301. Mounting part; 302. Conical part; 4. Rotating cylinder; 5. Raw material pipe; 6. Heat exchange pipe; 7. Heat source pipe; 8. Exhaust pipe; 9. First blade; 10. Heat exchange plate; 1001. Heat conduction chamber; 1002. Heat flow channel; 11. Product pipe; 12. Guide vane; 13. Second blade; 1301. Mounting groove; 14. Support; 15. First roller; 1501. Frustum surface; 16. Circular guide rail; 1601. Conical surface; 17. Second roller. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a fluorochemical cracking furnace, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0035] A fluorochemical cracking furnace, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The reactor includes a reactor shell 1 and a head 2. The head 2 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the reactor shell 1 by bolts. A fixed cylinder 3 and a rotating cylinder 4 are coaxially arranged inside the reactor shell 1. The upper end of the fixed cylinder 3 is fixed to the upper end of the reactor shell 1 by bolts. Multiple support components are fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder 4. The rotating cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the reactor shell 1 through the support components. The upper outer side wall of the rotating cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the reactor shell 1. The lower end of the fixed cylinder 3 extends into the rotating cylinder 4. The lower end of the fixed cylinder 3 and the inner bottom wall of the rotating cylinder 4 form a conversion channel 102. The fixed cylinder 3 includes a mounting part 301 and a conical part 302. The mounting part 301 is fixed to the upper end of the reactor shell 1 by bolts. The conical part 302 is conical with the larger end facing upwards. The inner side wall of the mounting part 301 is connected to the larger end of the conical part 302. The outer side wall of the conical part 302 is connected to the reactor shell 1. The inner wall of the reactor shell 1 forms a preheating chamber 101. A raw material pipe 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reactor shell 1, and the raw material pipe 5 is located on the upper side of the preheating chamber 101. A heat exchange pipe 6 is coaxially arranged inside the reactor shell 1, passing through the rotating cylinder 4, and the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 4. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange pipe 6 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end cap 2 and the bottom wall of the reactor shell 1. A heat source is coaxially fixedly installed at the lower end of the reactor shell 1. The heat source pipe 7 extends into the heat exchange pipe 6. The exhaust pipe 8 is coaxially fixedly installed on the upper end of the end cap 2. The exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the heat exchange pipe 6. Multiple blades 9 are coaxially arranged inside the heat exchange pipe 6. Multiple heat exchange plates 10 are provided outside the heat exchange pipe 6. The outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe 6 and the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder 3 form a reaction chamber 103. The multiple heat exchange plates 10 all extend into the reaction chamber 103. The end cap 2 is provided with a product pipe 11, which is connected to the reaction chamber 103.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 andFigure 4 The inner side of the heat exchange plate 10 is provided with a heat conduction cavity 1001 which is in communication with the inside of the heat exchange pipe 6. The heat exchange plate 10 is at an angle with the horizontal plane. The inclination direction of the heat exchange plate 10 is the same as that of the first blade 9. The angle between the heat exchange plate 10 and the horizontal plane is the same as the inclination angle of the first blade 9. A guide vane 12 is fixedly installed in the heat conduction cavity 1001. The upper and lower surfaces of the guide vane 12 are parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchange plate 10. The guide vane 12 divides the heat conduction cavity 1001 into a heat flow channel 1002 in the shape of U in cross section. The guide vane 12 extends into the heat exchange pipe 6.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The support assembly comprises a plurality of supports 14, a first roller 15 and a circular guide rail 16. The supports 14 are fixedly installed on the lower end of the rotating cylinder 4 by bolts. The circular guide rail 16 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the reactor shell 1 by bolts. The first rollers 15 are rotatably installed on the lower end of the supports 14. The first rollers 15 are in rolling connection with the circular guide rail 16. The peripheral surface of the first roller 15 is provided with a conical surface 1501. The circular guide rail 16 is provided with a conical surface 1601 with a large end downward. The conical surface 1501 is in rolling connection with the conical surface 1601.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The outer side wall of the heat exchange pipe 6 is coaxially provided with a second blade 13. The inclination angle of the second blade 13 is the same as that of the first blade 9. The outer side wall of the second blade 13 is in rotary connection with the side wall of the head 2. The outer side wall of the second blade 13 is provided with a mounting groove 1301 which is coaxially arranged with the second blade 13. A plurality of second rollers 17 are arranged in the mounting groove 1301. The axis of the second roller 17 is vertically arranged. The second roller 17 is in rotary connection with the second blade 13 and in rolling connection with the side wall of the head 2.

[0039] Working principle: please refer to Figures 1 to 6In the process of cracking, first, the organic material containing fluorine is transported into the preheating cavity 101 through the raw material pipe 5, while the heat source pipe 7 introduces high-temperature flue gas into the inside of the heat exchange pipe 6, which flows from bottom to top in the heat exchange pipe 6. When the high-temperature gas in the heat exchange pipe 6 contacts the lower end face of the guide vane 12, it is effectively guided into the heat flow channel 1002 and flows along the U-shaped path. In this process, the heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas is fully absorbed by the heat exchange plate 10 and transferred to the inside of the reaction chamber 103 through the heat exchange plate 10, gradually increasing the temperature of the reaction chamber 103. The temperature in the reaction chamber 103 is further transmitted to the preheating cavity 101 through the conduction of the fixed cylinder 3, uniformly and sufficiently preheating the material in the preheating cavity 101. After preheating, the material smoothly enters the inside of the reaction chamber 103 through the pre-set conversion channel 102, preparing for the next step of cracking reaction. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange pipe 6 rotates the first blade 9 during the flow process, thereby driving the heat exchange pipe 6 and the rotating cylinder 4 connected thereto to rotate. When the rotating cylinder 4 starts to rotate, the first roller 15 rolls along the circular guide rail 16, which not only provides stable support for the rotating cylinder 4 but also significantly reduces the frictional resistance, ensuring that the rotating cylinder 4 can rotate smoothly and stably. In addition, the rotation of the heat exchange pipe 6 also drives the rotation of the heat exchange plate 10, which stirs the material in the reaction chamber 103, allowing the material to flow continuously and uniformly, effectively avoiding quality problems caused by insufficient or excessive cracking of part of the material. Moreover, the rotation of the heat exchange pipe 6 also synchronously drives the rotation of the second blade 13, and the airflow generated by the rotation of the second blade 13 forms a three-dimensional circulating flow field in the reaction chamber 103, which cooperates with the material flow formed by the stirring of the heat exchange plate 10 to make the material present a spiral upward motion trajectory in three-dimensional space, further optimizing the reaction effect. When the second blade 13 rotates, the second roller 17 rolls along the sidewall of the head 2, effectively reducing the frictional resistance and stabilizing the rotation of the second blade 13. At the same time, the second roller 17 can also absorb part of the external impact force, reducing the potential damage to the second blade 13 and the sidewall of the head 2, prolonging the service life of the equipment. Finally, the product after cracking reaction is discharged through the specially designed product pipe 11, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 8, ensuring the smooth progress of the entire reaction process and the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0040] The above describes one specific embodiment of the present application in detail in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, replacements and variations of these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present application should still fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fluorochemical cracking furnace, comprising a reactor shell (1), wherein a head (2) is coaxially fixedly mounted on the upper end of the reactor shell (1), characterized in that, A fixed cylinder (3) and a rotating cylinder (4) are coaxially arranged inside the reactor shell (1). The upper end of the fixed cylinder (3) is fixedly installed to the upper end of the reactor shell (1) by bolts. Multiple support components are fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder (4). The rotating cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the reactor shell (1) through the support components. The upper outer side wall of the rotating cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the reactor shell (1). The lower end of the fixed cylinder (3) extends into the rotating cylinder (4). The lower end of the fixed cylinder (3) and the inner bottom wall of the rotating cylinder (4) form a conversion channel (102). The outer side wall of the fixed cylinder (3) and the inner side wall of the reactor shell (1) form a preheating chamber (101). The preheating chamber (101) is used to preheat the fluorine-containing organic chemical. A raw material pipe (5) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the reactor shell (1). The raw material pipe (5) is located on the upper side of the preheating chamber (101). A heat exchange pipe (6) is coaxially arranged inside the reactor shell (1). The heat exchange tube (6) penetrates the rotating cylinder (4), and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (4). The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tube (6) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end cap (2) and the bottom wall of the reactor shell (1). A heat source tube (7) is coaxially fixedly installed at the lower end of the reactor shell (1), and the heat source tube (7) extends into the heat exchange tube (6). An exhaust pipe (8) is coaxially fixedly installed at the upper end of the end cap (2), and the exhaust pipe (8) is connected to the heat exchange tube (6). The heat exchange tube (6) is coaxially provided with multiple blades (9), and multiple heat exchange plates (10) are provided outside the heat exchange tube (6). The outer side wall of the heat exchange tube (6) and the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder (3) form a reaction chamber (103). The reaction chamber (103) is used for chemical cracking of fluorine-containing organic compounds. The multiple heat exchange plates (10) extend into the reaction chamber (103). The end cap (2) is provided with a product pipe (11), and the product pipe (11) is connected to the reaction chamber (103).

2. The fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder (3) includes an installation part (301) and a conical part (302). The installation part (301) is fixedly installed to the upper end of the reactor shell (1) by bolts. The conical part (302) is a cone with the large end facing up. The inner wall of the installation part (301) is connected to the large end of the conical part (302). The outer wall of the conical part (302) and the inner wall of the reactor shell (1) form a preheating cavity (101).

3. The fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange plate (10) has a heat conduction cavity (1001) on its inner side. The heat conduction cavity (1001) is connected to the interior of the heat exchange tube (6). The heat exchange plate (10) is at an angle to the horizontal plane. The tilt direction of the heat exchange plate (10) is the same as the tilt direction of the first blade (9). The angle between the heat exchange plate (10) and the horizontal plane is the same as the tilt angle of the first blade (9).

4. A fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide vane (12) is fixedly installed inside the heat conduction cavity (1001). The upper and lower surfaces of the guide vane (12) are parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchange plate (10). The guide vane (12) divides the heat conduction cavity (1001) into a heat flow channel (1002) with a U-shaped cross section. The guide vane (12) extends into the heat exchange tube (6).

5. A fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube (6) has a second blade (13) coaxially arranged on its outer side wall. The second blade (13) has the same tilt angle as the first blade (9), and the outer side wall of the second blade (13) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the end cap (2).

6. A fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support assembly includes multiple brackets (14), a first roller (15), and a circular guide rail (16). The brackets (14) are fixedly installed on the lower end of the rotating cylinder (4) by bolts. The circular guide rail (16) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the reactor shell (1) by bolts. The multiple first rollers (15) are rotatably installed on the lower end of the brackets (14), and the multiple first rollers (15) are rollingly connected to the circular guide rail (16).

7. A fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first roller (15) has a frustum surface (1501) on its circumference, and the circular guide rail (16) has a cone surface (1601) with the larger end facing down. The frustum surface (1501) and the cone surface (1601) are in rolling connection.

8. A fluorochemical cracking furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second blade (13) has an installation groove (1301) on its outer side wall. The installation groove (1301) is coaxial with the second blade (13). The installation groove (1301) is provided with multiple second rollers (17). The axis of the second rollers (17) is vertically arranged. The second rollers (17) are rotatably connected to the second blade (13). The second rollers (17) are rollingly connected to the side wall of the end cap (2).

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