A data transmission method, system, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

This application discloses a data transmission method, system, electronic device, and storage medium, belonging to the technical field of communication technology. The data transmission method includes: determining the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module; if the network status information meets preset conditions, then transmitting uplink data to a communication terminal using the 5G module or the WiFi module, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to a cloud platform; if the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, then transmitting the uplink data using any one or more of the BeiDou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module. This application enables reliable communication between the mechanical equipment and the cloud platform, improving the stability of data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, system, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, the construction machinery industry often faces harsh environmental conditions at construction sites. These sites typically lack stable communication infrastructure, which severely impacts real-time monitoring of construction data, analysis of equipment operating status, and timely alarms for malfunctions.

[0003] In related technologies, communication between mechanical equipment and cloud platforms often relies on a single type of network, which cannot meet the needs for 24 / 7, uninterrupted, efficient, and low-latency communication.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve reliable communication between mechanical equipment and cloud platforms and improve the stability of data transmission is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a data transmission method, system, electronic device, and storage medium that enables reliable communication between mechanical equipment and a cloud platform, thereby improving the stability of data transmission.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a data transmission method applied to a mechanical device. The mechanical device integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. The data transmission method includes:

[0007] Determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module;

[0008] If the network status information meets the preset conditions, the 5G module or the WiFi module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform;

[0009] If the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, the uplink data is transmitted using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module.

[0010] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical device to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal;

[0011] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end using the Bluetooth module includes: using the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to the mobile phone end, so that the mobile phone end can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal.

[0012] Optionally, the uplink data is transmitted to other mechanical devices using the LoRa self-organizing network module, including:

[0013] Generate the first LoRa packet corresponding to the uplink data, and set the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet to N; where N is an integer greater than 0;

[0014] Select the other mechanical device with the strongest LoRa signal as the message receiver;

[0015] The first LoRa message is transmitted to the message receiving end using the LoRa self-organizing network module; wherein, the operations performed by the message receiving end after receiving the first LoRa message include: decrementing the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message by 1; if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is greater than 0, then transmitting the first LoRa message to the communication end or other mechanical device end; if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is equal to 0, then discarding the first LoRa message.

[0016] Optional, also includes:

[0017] If a second LoRa message is received from another mechanical device, the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is decremented by 1.

[0018] If the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa packet is equal to 0, then the second LoRa packet is discarded;

[0019] If the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is greater than 0, it is determined whether the communication function of the Beidou module is normal; if so, a corresponding Beidou short message is generated according to the second LoRa message, and the Beidou module is used to transmit the Beidou short message to the communication terminal; if not, the second LoRa message is transmitted to other mechanical devices.

[0020] Optionally, determining the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module includes:

[0021] The signal strength of the 5G module and the network latency of the WiFi module are used as the network status information.

[0022] Correspondingly, it also includes:

[0023] If the signal strength of the 5G module is greater than a first preset value and / or the network latency of the WiFi module is less than a second preset value, then the network status information is determined to meet the preset conditions.

[0024] If the signal strength of the 5G module is less than or equal to a first preset value and the network latency of the WiFi module is greater than or equal to a second preset value, then the network status information is determined to not meet the preset conditions.

[0025] This application also provides a data transmission method applied to the aforementioned communication terminal, wherein the communication terminal integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, and a LoRa gateway, and the data transmission method includes:

[0026] If downlink data is received from the cloud platform, the data type of the downlink data is determined;

[0027] Determine the status of the communication link between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment terminal;

[0028] The target communication module is selected based on the status of the communication link and the data type; wherein, the target communication module includes at least one of the 5G module, the WiFi module, the BeiDou module, and the LoRa gateway;

[0029] The downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment using the target communication module.

[0030] Furthermore, selecting a target communication module based on the status of the communication link and the data type includes:

[0031] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module.

[0032] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module is in a normal state and the data type of the downlink data is a first type of instruction, then at least the 5G module and the Beidou module are selected as the target communication module.

[0033] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the data type of the downlink data is a second type of instruction, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; wherein, the urgency of the first type of instruction is higher than that of the second type of instruction;

[0034] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the data type of the downlink data is the first type of instruction or the second type of instruction, then the Beidou module and the LoRa gateway are selected as the target communication modules.

[0035] Correspondingly, it also includes:

[0036] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the downlink data is cached.

[0037] Furthermore, if the number M of the target communication modules is greater than 1, then the downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment using the target communication modules, including:

[0038] The downlink data is divided into M fragments based on erasure coding algorithm, and a corresponding fragment is assigned to each target communication module.

[0039] Control each of the target communication modules to transmit the corresponding fragmented data to the mechanical equipment.

[0040] This application also provides a data transmission system applied to a mechanical device, wherein the mechanical device integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module, and the data transmission system includes:

[0041] A network status determination module is used to determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module;

[0042] The first processing module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal using the 5G module or the WiFi module if the network status information meets the preset conditions, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform.

[0043] The second processing module is used to transmit the uplink data using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module if the network status information does not meet the preset conditions.

[0044] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical device to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal;

[0045] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end using the Bluetooth module includes: using the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to the mobile phone end, so that the mobile phone end can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal.

[0046] This application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed, implements the steps of the above-described data transmission method.

[0047] This application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor invokes the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the above-described data transmission method.

[0048] This application provides a data transmission method. The mechanical device used in this method integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. The method first determines the network status information of the 5G and WiFi modules. When the network status information meets preset conditions, uplink data is transmitted to the cloud platform using either the 5G or WiFi module. When the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, uplink data is transmitted using any one or more of the BeiDou, LoRa self-organizing network, and Bluetooth modules. Specifically, during the transmission of uplink data using the LoRa self-organizing network module, this application utilizes the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, enabling these other mechanical devices to transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal. During the transmission of uplink data to the communication terminal using the Bluetooth module, this application utilizes the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to a mobile phone, enabling the mobile phone to transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal. This application integrates multiple communication modules and dynamically monitors network status, enabling the selection of the optimal communication method under different network environments. This communication mechanism ensures that even if a single network is unavailable or unstable, the mechanical equipment can still transmit data through other communication modules, improving the reliability and stability of communication. Therefore, this application enables reliable communication between the mechanical equipment and the cloud platform, improving the stability of data transmission. This application also provides a data transmission system, a storage medium, and an electronic device, all possessing the aforementioned beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated upon here. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2 This application provides a communication system architecture diagram based on multi-network convergence technology.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first communication scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second communication scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a third communication scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] Please see below. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0061] Specific steps may include:

[0062] S101: Determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module.

[0063] This embodiment can be applied to mechanical equipment, which integrates a 5G (fifth-generation mobile communication technology) module, a WiFi (wireless network) module, a Beidou module, a LoRa (Long Range Radio) self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module.

[0064] Specifically, this step can use the signal strength of the 5G module and the network latency of the WiFi module as the network status information; the network status information can include the signal strength of the 5G module and the network latency of the WiFi module.

[0065] Based on the obtained network status information, it can be determined whether the network status information meets preset conditions. Specifically, this embodiment can set preset conditions related to signal strength and network latency, and determine whether the network status information meets the preset conditions according to the following logic: if the signal strength of the 5G module is greater than a first preset value and / or the network latency of the WiFi module is less than a second preset value, then the network status information is determined to meet the preset conditions; if the signal strength of the 5G module is less than or equal to the first preset value and the network latency of the WiFi module is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the network status information is determined to not meet the preset conditions.

[0066] S102: If the network status information meets the preset conditions, the 5G module or the WiFi module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform.

[0067] In this embodiment, when the network status information meets preset conditions, the network status is determined to be good. At this time, this embodiment can preferentially select a 5G or WiFi module to send uplink data to the communication terminal. After receiving the uplink data, the communication terminal forwards it to the cloud platform, ensuring high-speed and stable data transmission. This step utilizes the high bandwidth and low latency characteristics of 5G and WiFi to ensure the real-time transmission of critical data, making it suitable for application scenarios with high real-time requirements, such as remote monitoring and equipment status analysis.

[0068] S103: If the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, then the uplink data is transmitted using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module.

[0069] In cases where 5G and WiFi networks are unavailable and cannot meet preset conditions, the mechanical equipment can activate a backup communication module to transmit uplink data. Specifically, this embodiment can select one or more of the following modules for data transmission: a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, or a Bluetooth module, depending on the current environment and equipment requirements. The BeiDou module is suitable for long-distance transmission of critical information, such as location and alarm signals; the LoRa self-organizing network module, through multi-hop relay, can achieve long-distance, low-power transmission in complex environments; the Bluetooth module can first transmit data to a mobile phone, and then the mobile phone can connect to the internet and upload it to the cloud. This multi-communication module collaboration mechanism ensures the reliability and stability of data transmission in harsh network environments.

[0070] The process by which the aforementioned mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal. This process uses multi-hop relay to first send the uplink data to other mechanical devices, which act as relay nodes, relaying the uplink data to the communication terminal, so that the communication terminal forwards the received uplink data to the cloud platform, achieving collaborative communication and data sharing between devices.

[0071] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment to the communication terminal using the Bluetooth module includes: transmitting the uplink data to the mobile phone using the Bluetooth module, so that the mobile phone can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal.

[0072] The mechanical device used in this embodiment integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. This method first determines the network status information of the 5G and WiFi modules. When the network status information meets preset conditions, the 5G or WiFi module is used to transmit uplink data to the cloud platform. When the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, any one or more of the BeiDou, LoRa self-organizing network, and Bluetooth modules are used to transmit uplink data. Specifically, during the process of transmitting uplink data using the LoRa self-organizing network module, this embodiment uses the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices can transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal. During the process of transmitting uplink data to the communication terminal using the Bluetooth module, this embodiment uses the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone, when connected to the network, can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform. This embodiment integrates multiple communication modules and dynamically monitors network status, enabling the selection of the optimal communication method under different network environments. This communication mechanism ensures that even if a single network is unavailable or unstable, the mechanical equipment can still transmit data through other communication modules, improving the reliability and stability of communication. Therefore, this embodiment enables reliable communication between the mechanical equipment and the cloud platform, improving the stability of data transmission.

[0073] As for Figure 1 A further description of the corresponding embodiment: the process of transmitting uplink data to other mechanical devices using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: generating a first LoRa message corresponding to the uplink data, and setting the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa message to N; selecting the other mechanical device with the strongest LoRa signal as the message receiving end; and transmitting the first LoRa message to the message receiving end using the LoRa self-organizing network module.

[0074] In this embodiment, a hop count (TTL) field is set in the message, with an initial value of N, where N is a positive integer. The hop count field is used to record the number of hops the message traverses during transmission. The mechanical device can detect the LoRa signal strength of other surrounding mechanical devices and select the one with the strongest signal (i.e., the highest LoRa signal strength) as the message receiver. The message receiver that receives the first LoRa message can directly transmit the first LoRa message to the communication terminal or transmit the first LoRa message to other mechanical devices.

[0075] Furthermore, the operations performed by the message receiver after receiving the first LoRa message include: decrementing the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message by 1; updating the value of the hop count field, and if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is greater than 0, then transmitting the first LoRa message to the communication terminal or other mechanical device terminal; updating the value of the hop count field, and if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is equal to 0, then discarding the first LoRa message.

[0076] In the above embodiments, after the message receiving end receives the first LoRa message, it decrements the value of the hop count field in the message by 1 to record that the message has completed one hop. After decrementing the value of the hop count field, it can be determined whether the value of the hop count field is greater than 0. If the value of the hop count field is greater than 0, it means that the first LoRa message can continue to be transmitted and can be forwarded to the communication end or other mechanical device. If the value of the hop count field is equal to 0, it means that the first LoRa message has reached the maximum transmission hop count, and the first LoRa message is discarded and transmission is stopped.

[0077] Specifically, after determining that the value of the hop count statistics field is greater than 0, the message receiver can determine whether the communication link of its own 5G module, WiFi module, or Beidou module is normal. If it is normal, it uses the 5G module, WiFi module, or Beidou module to transmit the first LoRa message to the communication end. If the communication link of the message receiver's own 5G module, WiFi module, or Beidou module is abnormal, it can use the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit to the communication end or other mechanical devices.

[0078] As for Figure 1 In a further description of the corresponding embodiment, the mechanical device can also forward LoRa messages transmitted by other mechanical devices. The process is as follows: If a second LoRa message transmitted by another mechanical device is received, the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is decremented by 1; if the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is equal to 0, the second LoRa message is discarded; if the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is greater than 0, it is determined whether the communication function of the Beidou module is normal; if yes, a corresponding Beidou short message is generated according to the second LoRa message, and the Beidou short message is transmitted to the communication terminal using the Beidou module; if no, the second LoRa message is transmitted to the other mechanical device.

[0079] This application also provides a data transmission method applied to a communication terminal, wherein the communication terminal is... Figure 1 In the corresponding embodiment, the mechanical device end and the communication end in this embodiment can be... Figure 1Corresponding to the mechanical device end and communication end in the embodiments, the communication end integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a Beidou module, and a LoRa gateway. The implementation process of the data transmission method applied to the communication end includes:

[0080] If downlink data is received from the cloud platform, the data type of the downlink data is determined; the status of the communication link between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment terminal is determined; a target communication module is selected based on the status of the communication link and the data type; wherein, the target communication module includes at least one of the 5G module, the WiFi module, the Beidou module, and the LoRa gateway; the downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment terminal using the target communication module.

[0081] After receiving downlink data from the cloud platform, the communication terminal first determines the data type and assesses the communication link status between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment. Based on the data type and link status, a target communication module is selected from 5G, WiFi, BeiDou, and LoRa gateways to flexibly switch between different network conditions, ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission. This application utilizes the selected target communication module to transmit downlink data to the mechanical equipment, effectively coping with complex and ever-changing network environments.

[0082] Furthermore, the process of selecting the target communication module based on the state of the communication link and the data type includes:

[0083] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the downlink data type is video data or image data, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; if the communication link corresponding to the 5G module is in a normal state, and the downlink data type is a first type of instruction, then at least the 5G module and the BeiDou module are selected as the target communication module; if the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the downlink data type is a second type of instruction, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; wherein, the urgency of the first type of instruction is higher than that of the second type of instruction; if the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the downlink data type is either the first type of instruction or the second type of instruction, then the BeiDou module and the LoRa gateway are selected as the target communication module.

[0084] If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the downlink data is cached so that the 5G module or WiFi module can be used to transmit the downlink data after the network is restored.

[0085] Furthermore, if the number M of the target communication modules is greater than 1, then the downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment using the target communication modules, including: splitting the downlink data into M fragments based on an erasure coding algorithm, and assigning a corresponding fragment to each target communication module; controlling each target communication module to transmit the corresponding fragment to the mechanical equipment. In the above scheme, even if data loss occurs during data transmission, the complete data can be recovered from the received fragments using the erasure coding algorithm, improving the reliability and stability of data transmission.

[0086] The process described in the above embodiments is illustrated below through a communication scheme based on multi-network convergence technology in a practical application.

[0087] Existing construction machinery management systems often rely on a single network or limited communication methods, which cannot meet the needs for 24 / 7, uninterrupted, efficient, and low-latency communication. This embodiment combines LoRa self-organizing network, BeiDou satellite communication, 5G, WiFi, Bluetooth and other multi-network convergence technologies to build a communication system with full coverage and redundant links, aiming to solve the needs of equipment status monitoring, high-precision positioning and debt management in network-free environments.

[0088] This embodiment can be applied to industrial IoT and smart mining technology, specifically involving a multi-network converged communication terminal device for the extreme environment of open-pit mines. It integrates multiple networks such as LoRa self-organizing network (low power consumption, wide coverage), Beidou (network-less positioning and emergency communication), 5G / WiFi (high-speed transmission), and Bluetooth (near field configuration), and achieves reliable communication in all scenarios through intelligent switching mechanism. It is particularly suitable for scenarios such as mining equipment operating condition data acquisition, high-precision location tracking, and data transmission with poor network signal.

[0089] This embodiment employs multi-network fusion technology, deploying a dynamic network switching algorithm on the mechanical equipment. This algorithm generates network selection instructions based on signal strength, data type, etc., and implements multi-channel redundant transmission for critical data. In this embodiment, the positioning data from the BeiDou module is broadcast to surrounding devices via the LoRa network. When the BeiDou module fails, other devices within the LoRa network transmit the data to the cloud. This embodiment can also enable a LoRa sleep mode for non-critical data, reducing power consumption through intermittent wake-up.

[0090] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2This application provides a communication system architecture diagram based on multi-network convergence technology. The architecture shown includes a cloud platform, a communication terminal, and a mechanical device terminal. The cloud platform includes a data analysis center, an equipment monitoring system, a debt management system, an alarm push service, and a database. The communication terminal has functions such as communication link analysis, dynamic network decision-making, and data hierarchical compression. The dynamic network decision-making can select the network for data transmission from a 5G module, a BeiDou module, and a LoRa gateway. The mechanical device terminal includes an embedded control module, a multi-mode communication convergence module, a storage module, and a data acquisition module. The multi-mode communication convergence module includes a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module.

[0091] The mechanical equipment terminal is an intelligent terminal on construction machinery, integrating multiple communication modules, including 5G, LoRa self-organizing network, Beidou short message service, WiFi, and Bluetooth. The mechanical equipment terminal can collect machinery operation data and location information, and dynamically select the optimal transmission link based on network conditions: 5G is used in areas with public network coverage; Beidou short message service is used in areas without public network coverage but with Beidou signal; and the LoRa self-organizing network module is activated in areas without public network coverage and Beidou signal blind spots, ensuring uninterrupted transmission even when the network is down.

[0092] The communication terminal is deployed in a fixed location with good signal near the company or mine. It serves as a data aggregation node and can communicate with multiple devices via 5G, WiFi, and BeiDou. It can receive and process device data, solve the problem of heterogeneous data compatibility, and forward data to the cloud. At the same time, it supports the distribution of reverse commands to the corresponding device terminal, realizing two-way interaction between the device and the cloud.

[0093] The cloud platform serves as the central node, receiving data and monitoring device status, triggering alarms in case of anomalies. It can remotely issue commands, with high-priority commands ensuring delivery via dual-link transmission. The platform supports multi-terminal access, enabling remote control and collaborative management via mobile office.

[0094] The detailed functionalities of each communication module in the mechanical equipment are as follows:

[0095] In areas with good 5G signal coverage (such as near base stations in mining areas), devices directly upload data via the 5G module. This module is optimized for industrial scenarios, supports multi-band aggregation, and can automatically switch to a lower frequency band to enhance penetration when the signal fluctuates. For example, when machinery is operating on the surface of a mine, the 5G module transmits various types of data at the 3.5GHz (gigahertz) high-frequency band; if the machinery enters an area without signal, it switches to a lower frequency band to maintain the transmission of basic data (such as positioning coordinates), ensuring communication continuity.

[0096] The relay transmission process in the LoRa self-organizing network module is as follows: The LoRa self-organizing network module constructs a decentralized mesh network to solve the communication problem in signal blind spots. After the device is powered on, it automatically scans the surrounding LoRa self-organizing network modules and dynamically generates the optimal routing table. For example, if engineering equipment enters a signal blind spot and cannot directly connect to the gateway, it will relay data through adjacent loader nodes, supporting up to 5 hops of transmission. Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) technology is used to dynamically switch channels within the 470MHz band to avoid electromagnetic interference in the mining environment.

[0097] This embodiment can automatically select the most suitable communication network based on key indicators such as the current network environment, data volume, and signal quality of the device, ensuring efficient and low-latency data transmission and achieving multi-network integration and adaptive network selection. This embodiment can ensure real-time data transmission even in remote areas or mining areas with incomplete signal coverage, providing 24 / 7 communication support and exhibiting excellent anti-interference capabilities for data transmission. This embodiment overcomes the communication interruptions caused by uneven signal coverage of multiple networks in harsh environments, and the poor reliability of data transmission in remote areas, disaster areas, and other locations with weak signals.

[0098] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Terminal device 1 and terminal device 2 failed to connect to routing node A, terminal device 3 failed to connect to routing node B, the signal between routing node B and the communication terminal is good, and the communication terminal is connected to the cloud platform.

[0099] When 5G, LoRa, and WiFi are all unavailable, the BeiDou module initiates emergency communication. If LoRa transmission fails three times consecutively and the device is in motion, only key fields (such as device ID, latitude and longitude, and debt status) are transmitted. Each message is compressed to less than 120 bytes to ensure compliance with BeiDou short message capacity limits. Through dynamic priority management, the frequency of BeiDou usage is limited (≤1 time / minute), which reduces communication costs compared to traditional pure BeiDou solutions.

[0100] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. The engineering equipment can transmit a broadcast positioning request to the relay node, the relay node transmits BeiDou coordinates back to the engineering equipment, the engineering equipment transmits location data (multi-hop) to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the location data to the communication terminal.

[0101] The Bluetooth module supports near-field interaction between personnel and equipment. Key functions include parameter configuration: maintenance personnel can connect to the terminal via a mobile application and directly modify parameters such as communication frequency band and sampling frequency without relying on a remote network. Offline caching: when the terminal is in a network-free environment, sensor data is temporarily stored on the local storage card and retransmitted according to priority once the network is restored. The caching strategy prioritizes uploading high-priority data; for example, terminal alarm information takes precedence over regular status data.

[0102] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a third communication scenario provided in this application embodiment. The Bluetooth module on the mechanical device side connects to a parameter configuration interface and a data buffer. The Bluetooth module on the mobile phone can modify the communication frequency band through the parameter configuration interface. The mobile phone's Bluetooth module reads cached data from the data buffer for uploading via the mobile network. After the network is restored, the data in the data buffer can be uploaded according to priority.

[0103] The multi-network convergence technology communication method provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0104] In the uplink from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end to the cloud platform, the basic collaborative logic among the mechanical equipment end, the communication end, and the cloud platform is as follows: the mechanical equipment end collects data and dynamically selects the transmission link; the communication end aggregates and processes the data before forwarding it to the cloud platform; and the cloud platform receives the data and performs monitoring and management. Specifically, this can be divided into the following three transmission scenarios according to the network environment.

[0105] (1) Scenarios with public network access:

[0106] In this scenario, the mechanical equipment collects real-time sensor data such as vibration, oil pressure, and temperature. After filtering and normalization, the data is encapsulated into a JSON (a lightweight data exchange format) data packet containing information such as timestamps and equipment IDs. Since public network coverage provides stable network support, the mechanical equipment prioritizes 5G networks to transmit this data packet to the communication terminal. If there are nearby WiFi hotspots (such as temporary base stations on construction sites or vehicle-mounted local area networks), the mechanical equipment can also achieve low-cost, high-bandwidth local data transmission via WiFi. Upon receiving the data, the communication terminal forwards it to the cloud platform via a dedicated network. The cloud platform parses the data, stores it in a time-series database, and displays the equipment status through a visual interface. The entire process balances transmission speed and efficiency.

[0107] (2) No public network scenario:

[0108] When in an area without a public network but with BeiDou signal, the mechanical equipment will automatically switch to BeiDou short message transmission, sending only core data fields such as device ID, latitude and longitude, and alarm information, with each message compressed to less than 120 bytes. This data is then transmitted to the communication terminal, which forwards it to the cloud. Upon receiving the BeiDou data, the cloud platform automatically triggers an emergency response and records the last known location of the equipment.

[0109] (3) Severe situation scenarios:

[0110] When 5G or WiFi signals are extremely weak (RSSI < -90dBm), such as in harsh conditions like deep mining areas or mountainous regions where BeiDou signals are blocked, the device will immediately activate the LoRa module and broadcast the encapsulated JSON data packet to neighboring devices. Each relay node (the device on other engineering equipment in the LoRa self-organizing network) maintains a neighbor table and selects the node with the strongest signal as the next hop for data forwarding, supporting up to 5 hops. Each hop has a maximum wait time of 200ms, and the hop count counter in the packet header decrements by 1 with each hop, automatically discarding the packet when it reaches zero. If the RSSI of the next hop's 5G / WiFi is ≥ -90dBm, the data will be transmitted to the communication terminal through that node, ensuring normal data transmission even in extreme signal environments. Simultaneously, if maintenance personnel are nearby, even in harsh scenarios, the device can broadcast data via Bluetooth through a mobile application. The mobile application, acting as a proxy node, temporarily stores the data locally; once a network signal is detected, the application uploads the data to the cloud via a protocol. RSSI represents signal strength, and dBm represents milliwatts (decibels).

[0111] The transmission modes described above, under scenarios with and without public network access, and in adverse conditions, are prioritized as follows: 5G / Wifi > BeiDou > LoRa. If multiple channels successfully transmit, the communicating end selects the first arriving data to send to the cloud platform. Each data entry has a unique identifier, and the others serve as temporary backups. 5G / Wifi transmits all data, BeiDou transmits critical data, and LoRa and Bluetooth provide redundancy in extreme scenarios. These different communication methods work together to ensure reliable data transmission.

[0112] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth communication scenario provided in this application embodiment. When the mechanical device detects a weak 5G signal (e.g., RSSI < -90dBm), it sends encrypted data packets to the relay node, so that the relay node can relay the data hop-by-hop to the communication end based on LoRa. The device can also use Bluetooth to transmit data to the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone can forward the data to the cloud via the network. The device can also use the Beidou module to transmit short messages (e.g., 120 bytes of core data) to the communication end. After receiving the data, the communication end can forward the data to the cloud platform.

[0113] In the downlink from the cloud platform to the communication terminal to the mechanical equipment terminal, the command issuance strategy is as follows:

[0114] If the device is online (in a public network scenario) and an urgent command needs to be sent, it will be transmitted via 5G and BeiDou. 5G directly connects to the device controller (latency <500ms) to ensure rapid execution, while BeiDou serves as a backup to ensure reliable delivery of the command. The device executes commands on a first-come, first-served basis, using a unique command ID to avoid duplicate triggering, and sends back a confirmation signal. If no confirmation is received within 5 seconds, the command will be retransmitted (up to 3 times).

[0115] If the device is online (in a public network scenario) and needs to send non-urgent, routine commands, it will be sent normally via 5G.

[0116] If the device is offline (without a public network) and an emergency command needs to be sent, it will be transmitted via BeiDou, LoRa, and Bluetooth by the maintenance personnel in the near field. BeiDou is used to transmit core command information, LoRa self-organizing network is used to forward the command through relay nodes, and Bluetooth relies on the maintenance personnel's mobile application as a proxy node for transmission. The same first-come-first-served principle is followed, and a unique command ID is used to prevent duplicate execution, and a confirmation signal is sent back in a timely manner.

[0117] If the device is offline (without a public network), non-emergency routine commands can be sent via BeiDou, LoRa, or Bluetooth for near-field maintenance personnel. After the command is transmitted to the device, the device executes the corresponding operation, ensuring that the command can be delivered and properly handled even in an environment without a public network.

[0118] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth communication scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. After the vehicle locking command is issued in the cloud platform and the communication terminal, it can be transmitted to the mechanical equipment terminal through the 5G link or the Beidou link. After receiving the command, the equipment terminal makes the first command effective, then performs the vehicle locking operation, and sends back ACK (acknowledgment character).

[0119] The dynamic link switching mechanism and data compression and encryption process are as follows:

[0120] Link real-time assessment and decision-making are performed using signal strength (RSSI), bandwidth (BW), latency (Delay), and link stability. The 5G / WiFi signal strength threshold is set to -90dBm; signals below this value are considered weak. Link congestion is defined as 5G bandwidth <10Mbps or latency >500ms. Three consecutive lost heartbeat packets are considered a link interruption.

[0121] The switching logic is divided into active switching and passive switching. Active switching occurs when the 5G signal strength < -90 dBm or the packet loss rate > 20%. The communication end immediately activates the backup link, preferentially selects Beidou, and then LoRa. Passive switching is that if the device end does not receive a heartbeat packet response for 10 consecutive seconds, it automatically reverts to the LoRa broadcast mode and attempts to re-establish the connection.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which is the schematic diagram of the sixth communication scenario provided by the embodiment of this application. After the data arrives, the network status is detected. If the signal strength of the 5G signal is greater than -90 dBm, the 5G network is selected and the data is compressed and encrypted. If the WiFi latency is less than 50 ms (milliseconds), the WiFi is selected and the data is compressed and encrypted. If there is no public network signal, the data type is judged; if it is video or image data, it is not transmitted and stored in the cache; if it is device status data, the LoRa network is selected and the data is compressed and encrypted; if it is an infringement lock-up instruction, the dual channels of Beidou and LoRa networks are selected and the data is compressed and encrypted. After the data is compressed and encrypted, the transmission is performed, and it is judged whether the transmission is successful; if the transmission is successful, the next data compression and encryption is performed; if the transmission is not successful, the retry mechanism is started. After the number of retries is greater than 3 times, the backup network is switched, and the data is compressed and encrypted according to the requirements of the backup network and the data is transmitted.

[0123] The multi-path redundant transmission process is as follows: The communication end dynamically allocates traffic according to the real-time network status. When the 5G link load > 80%, some low-priority data is migrated to LoRa for transmission, and the key data (such as the creditor's rights lock-up instruction) is split into multiple shards and sent in parallel through different links. The receiving end uses the RS (Reed-Solomon) erasure coding technology. As long as any K shards (K < P) are received, the original data can be restored. For example, shard 1 is sent through 5G, shard 2 is sent through LoRa, and shard 3 is sent through Beidou. As long as the receiving end receives any two shards, the complete instruction can be recombined, and the packet loss resistance ability is improved by 50%. P represents the total number of shards.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 which is the schematic diagram of the seventh communication scenario provided by the embodiment of this application. After the cloud platform sends the downlink data to the communication end, the communication end splits the downlink data into shard ①, shard ② and shard ③, selects the 5G module to forward shard ① to the mechanical equipment end, selects the LoRa gateway to forward shard ② to the device end, and selects the Beidou module to forward shard ③ to the mechanical equipment end. During the data recombination at the device end, any 2 shards received from shard ①, shard ② and shard ③ are restored to the complete instruction (i.e., the downlink data).

[0125] The low-power design of this embodiment is as follows:

[0126] If the terminal remains silent for 10 minutes without sensor data changes or command interaction, it will automatically enter deep sleep mode. Before entering sleep mode, the context is saved to the ferroelectric memory, and the recovery time is <50ms. Timed wake-up: Periodic wake-up via alarm clock (configurable interval, default 1 hour), uploading heartbeat packets and cached data. Event-triggered wake-up: Sensor threshold trigger, Bluetooth / NFC near-field communication, and cloud-based remote wake-up commands. NFC stands for Near Field Communication.

[0127] The operating modes of mechanical equipment include full-speed operation, light sleep, and deep sleep. Full-speed operation is suitable for data acquisition or instruction execution; light sleep is woken up by a timer and is suitable for standby mode; deep sleep is woken up by an RTC (real-time clock) or an external interrupt and is suitable for prolonged misoperation.

[0128] The above method can solve the problem of balancing terminal power consumption and data transmission efficiency.

[0129] This embodiment can also use a 5G private network + Bluetooth Mesh for data transmission. Specifically, this embodiment can deploy a 5G private network in the mine and use Bluetooth Mesh to achieve short-range relay between devices. This embodiment can also use AI (artificial intelligence) driven dynamic network slicing, for example, using AI / ML (decision tree) algorithms to achieve dynamic allocation of network resources.

[0130] The following example illustrates the implementation process of the above embodiment, where the mechanical equipment connects to the communication terminal via a 5G network, and the communication terminal connects to the cloud platform via TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):

[0131] The mechanical equipment reads data from sensors and uploads status data to the communication terminal via 5G every 10 seconds. The data is then parsed by the cloud platform and displayed on the monitoring screen. If the 5G signal fluctuates (RSSI < -90dBm), the communication terminal immediately switches to a LoRa link, and the data is relayed through adjacent terminals, with an end-to-end latency of <5 seconds.

[0132] When the public network signal is poor and the 5G signal at the mechanical equipment end is interrupted, the LoRa self-organizing network will be automatically started. The equipment will broadcast a positioning request to the surrounding area, and the nearest relay node will respond. The equipment will obtain and transmit its own position through BeiDou. The engineering equipment will integrate its own inertial navigation data to achieve accurate positioning (error <3 meters). The position data will be transmitted to the communication end through multi-hop LoRa, with a delay of about 200ms per hop.

[0133] When a terminal is in arrears, an emergency lock command needs to be issued. The cloud platform can issue the lock command through dual channels of 5G and Beidou. The 5G channel is directly connected to the terminal controller with a latency of less than 500ms, while the Beidou channel serves as redundancy to ensure that the terminal can still receive commands even in signal blind spots.

[0134] This embodiment proposes a communication method based on multi-network fusion technology. By combining a real-time evaluation model of signal strength, bandwidth, and latency, it achieves adaptive selection of communication links. The terminal can dynamically switch to the optimal network according to the environment, solving the problems of communication interruption and inefficiency in complex scenarios.

[0135] This embodiment employs a redundant transmission mechanism and anti-interference design to ensure that critical data can still be transmitted in real time in extreme environments such as remote mining areas and underground tunnels. Through 5G / BeiDou dual-channel locking commands, high-precision BeiDou positioning (error <3 meters), and dynamic vehicle locking strategies, remote control of terminal usage rights is achieved.

[0136] Even in areas without vehicle-mounted terminals or signal blind spots, the terminal can still achieve basic communication through BeiDou short messages to ensure construction progress. It is suitable for scenarios with incomplete signal coverage or severe electromagnetic interference, such as open-pit mines, underground tunnels, and disaster relief. It ensures that the terminal's data is available throughout its entire lifecycle. Through functions such as remote locking, precise positioning, and command auditing, it helps equipment manufacturers and lessees to control asset risks and reduce equipment loss and misuse rates.

[0137] This technical solution supports multiple network standards such as 5G, Beidou, and LoRa, and provides an integrated solution from data collection and transmission to cloud analysis, helping mining, construction machinery and other fields to transform towards intelligence and digitalization, and can be adapted to the communication infrastructure of different regions.

[0138] This embodiment provides a hardware architecture for the integration and protocol conversion of a multi-mode gateway. This architecture uses an embedded controller as the main control chip, integrating a LoRa module, a BeiDou RDSS (Radio Determination and Satellite System) short message module, a 5G chip, and WiFi and Bluetooth 5.2 modules. The protocol conversion mechanism of this embodiment is as follows: Physical layer conversion, utilizing an FPGA to realize the baseband signal conversion between LoRa (based on FSK frequency shift keying modulation) and 5G (based on OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation), supporting smooth signal transition during dynamic switching. Data packets from different networks are uniformly encapsulated in JSON format with added network type identifiers for cloud parsing. This embodiment integrates BeiDou short message service and LoRa self-organizing network into the same terminal hardware, achieving cross-network data transmission through protocol conversion, breaking through the limitation of traditional multi-mode terminals that only support single-network switching.

[0139] This embodiment provides a dynamic network switching algorithm. Based on a multi-dimensional evaluation model considering signal strength, bandwidth, and latency, the algorithm calculates link quality scores in real time, dynamically selects the optimal communication path, and chooses suitable communication links according to data type. High-definition video streams are forcibly switched to 5G / WiFi; device status data is transmitted via LoRa network (1 Hz low-frequency transmission); and debt instructions are transmitted redundantly via BeiDou + LoRa dual-channel transmission (ensuring 100% arrival rate). For critical data such as debt changes and device alarms, multiple channels are used simultaneously, with the receiving end employing a first-come-first-served principle to avoid single-network transmission delays or packet loss risks. Compared to traditional switching algorithms that rely solely on signal strength, the dynamic switching strategy based on data type and energy efficiency weights provided in this embodiment offers a significant improvement in overall efficiency.

[0140] This embodiment provides a BeiDou-LoRa collaborative transmission mechanism. In this embodiment, the location data acquired by the BeiDou module is broadcast to surrounding devices via the LoRa network, forming a location-sharing network and reducing the frequency of BeiDou communication for individual devices. When the BeiDou module of a terminal fails, adjacent devices can forward the location data to the gateway, achieving fault tolerance. This embodiment can set a BeiDou short message transmission threshold, initiating BeiDou transmission only when the terminal is out of LoRa coverage for more than 10 minutes, or when critical data (such as debt changes) has not been confirmed via LoRa. By reducing the frequency of BeiDou usage through LoRa relay, the cost is lower than a pure BeiDou solution, and the location data coverage is higher.

[0141] This application also provides a data transmission system applied to a mechanical device. The mechanical device integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. The data transmission system includes:

[0142] A network status determination module is used to determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module;

[0143] The first processing module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal using the 5G module or the WiFi module if the network status information meets the preset conditions, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform.

[0144] The second processing module is used to transmit the uplink data using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module if the network status information does not meet the preset conditions.

[0145] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical device to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal;

[0146] The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end using the Bluetooth module includes: using the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to the mobile phone end, so that the mobile phone end can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal.

[0147] The mechanical device used in this embodiment integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. This method first determines the network status information of the 5G and WiFi modules. When the network status information meets preset conditions, the 5G or WiFi module is used to transmit uplink data to the cloud platform. When the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, any one or more of the BeiDou, LoRa self-organizing network, and Bluetooth modules are used to transmit uplink data. Specifically, during the process of transmitting uplink data using the LoRa self-organizing network module, this embodiment uses the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices can transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal. During the process of transmitting uplink data to the communication terminal using the Bluetooth module, this embodiment uses the Bluetooth module to transmit the uplink data to the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone, when connected to the network, can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform. This embodiment integrates multiple communication modules and dynamically monitors network status, enabling the selection of the optimal communication method under different network environments. This communication mechanism ensures that even if a single network is unavailable or unstable, the mechanical equipment can still transmit data through other communication modules, improving the reliability and stability of communication. Therefore, this embodiment enables reliable communication between the mechanical equipment and the cloud platform, improving the stability of data transmission.

[0148] Furthermore, the process by which the mechanical device transmits the uplink data to other mechanical devices using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: generating a first LoRa message corresponding to the uplink data, and setting the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa message to N; where N is an integer greater than 0; selecting the other mechanical device with the strongest LoRa signal as the message receiving end; and transmitting the first LoRa message to the message receiving end using the LoRa self-organizing network module; wherein, the operations performed by the message receiving end after receiving the first LoRa message include: decrementing the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa message by 1; if the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa message is greater than 0, then transmitting the first LoRa message to the communication end or other mechanical devices; if the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa message is equal to 0, then discarding the first LoRa message.

[0149] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0150] The message forwarding module is configured to: decrement the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message by 1 if a second LoRa message is received from another mechanical device; discard the second LoRa message if the value of the hop count field is equal to 0; determine whether the communication function of the BeiDou module is normal if the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is greater than 0; if so, generate a corresponding BeiDou short message based on the second LoRa message and transmit the BeiDou short message to the communication terminal using the BeiDou module; otherwise, transmit the second LoRa message to the other mechanical device.

[0151] Furthermore, the process by which the network status determination module determines the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module includes: using the signal strength of the 5G module and the network latency of the WiFi module as the network status information;

[0152] Correspondingly, it also includes:

[0153] The network status determination module is configured to determine that the network status information meets the preset conditions if the signal strength of the 5G module is greater than a first preset value and / or the network latency of the WiFi module is less than a second preset value; and is further configured to determine that the network status information does not meet the preset conditions if the signal strength of the 5G module is less than or equal to the first preset value and the network latency of the WiFi module is greater than or equal to the second preset value.

[0154] This application embodiment also provides a data transmission system applied to the aforementioned communication terminal, wherein the communication terminal integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, and a LoRa gateway, and the data transmission system includes:

[0155] The type determination module is used to determine the data type of the downlink data if downlink data transmitted from the cloud platform is received.

[0156] The link status determination module is used to determine the status of the communication link between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment terminal;

[0157] A network selection module is used to select a target communication module based on the status of the communication link and the data type; wherein the target communication module includes at least one of the 5G module, the WiFi module, the BeiDou module, and the LoRa gateway;

[0158] A data transmission module is used to transmit the downlink data to the mechanical equipment using the target communication module.

[0159] After receiving downlink data from the cloud platform, the communication terminal first determines the data type and assesses the communication link status between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment. Based on the data type and link status, a target communication module is selected from 5G, WiFi, BeiDou, and LoRa gateways to flexibly switch between different network conditions, ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission. This application utilizes the selected target communication module to transmit downlink data to the mechanical equipment, effectively coping with complex and ever-changing network environments.

[0160] Furthermore, the process by which the network selection module selects a target communication module based on the status of the communication link and the data type includes: if the status of the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is normal, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; if the status of the communication link corresponding to the 5G module is normal, and the data type of the downlink data is a first type of instruction, then at least the 5G module and the BeiDou module are selected as the target communication module; if the status of the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is normal, and the data type of the downlink data is a second type of instruction, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; wherein, the urgency of the first type of instruction is higher than that of the second type of instruction; if the status of the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is congested, and the data type of the downlink data is either the first type of instruction or the second type of instruction, then the BeiDou module and the LoRa gateway are selected as the target communication module;

[0161] Correspondingly, it also includes:

[0162] The storage module is used to cache the downlink data if the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data.

[0163] Furthermore, if the number M of the target communication modules is greater than 1, the process by which the data transmission module uses the target communication modules to transmit the downlink data to the mechanical equipment includes: splitting the downlink data into M fragments based on the erasure coding algorithm, and allocating a corresponding fragment to each of the target communication modules; and controlling each of the target communication modules to transmit the corresponding fragment to the mechanical equipment.

[0164] Since the embodiments of the system part correspond to the embodiments of the method part, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method part for the embodiments of the system part, and they will not be repeated here.

[0165] This application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed, can perform the steps provided in the above embodiments. The storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0166] This application also provides an electronic device that may include a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it can implement the steps provided in the above embodiments. Of course, the electronic device may also include various network interfaces, power supplies, and other components.

[0167] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0168] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to mechanical equipment, the mechanical equipment integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. The data transmission method includes: Determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module; If the network status information meets the preset conditions, the 5G module or the WiFi module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform; If the network status information does not meet the preset conditions, the uplink data is transmitted using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module. The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical device to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal; The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end using the Bluetooth module includes: transmitting the uplink data to the mobile phone end using the Bluetooth module, so that the mobile phone end can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal; The process of transmitting the uplink data to other mechanical devices using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: Generate the first LoRa packet corresponding to the uplink data, and set the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet to N; where N is an integer greater than 0; Select the other mechanical device with the strongest LoRa signal as the message receiver; The first LoRa message is transmitted to the message receiving end using the LoRa self-organizing network module; wherein, the operations performed by the message receiving end after receiving the first LoRa message include: decrementing the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message by 1; if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is greater than 0, then transmitting the first LoRa message to the communication end or other mechanical device end; if the value of the hop count field of the first LoRa message is equal to 0, then discarding the first LoRa message; If a second LoRa message is received from another mechanical device, the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is decremented by 1. If the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa packet is equal to 0, then the second LoRa packet is discarded; If the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is greater than 0, it is determined whether the communication function of the Beidou module is normal; if so, a corresponding Beidou short message is generated according to the second LoRa message, and the Beidou module is used to transmit the Beidou short message to the communication terminal; if not, the second LoRa message is transmitted to other mechanical devices.

2. The data transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module includes: The signal strength of the 5G module and the network latency of the WiFi module are used as the network status information. Correspondingly, it also includes: If the signal strength of the 5G module is greater than a first preset value and / or the network latency of the WiFi module is less than a second preset value, then the network status information is determined to meet the preset conditions. If the signal strength of the 5G module is less than or equal to a first preset value and the network latency of the WiFi module is greater than or equal to a second preset value, then the network status information is determined to not meet the preset conditions.

3. A data transmission method, characterized in that, A communication terminal applied in the data transmission method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the communication terminal integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, and a LoRa gateway, and the data transmission method includes: If downlink data is received from the cloud platform, the data type of the downlink data is determined. Determine the status of the communication link between the communication terminal and the mechanical equipment terminal; The target communication module is selected based on the status of the communication link and the data type; wherein, the target communication module includes at least one of the 5G module, the WiFi module, the BeiDou module, and the LoRa gateway; The downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment using the target communication module.

4. The data transmission method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Selecting a target communication module based on the status of the communication link and the data type includes: If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module. If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module is in a normal state and the data type of the downlink data is a first type of instruction, then at least the 5G module and the Beidou module are selected as the target communication module. If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and / or the WiFi module is in a normal state, and the data type of the downlink data is a second type of instruction, then the 5G module or the WiFi module is selected as the target communication module; wherein, the urgency of the first type of instruction is higher than that of the second type of instruction; If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the data type of the downlink data is the first type of instruction or the second type of instruction, then the Beidou module and the LoRa gateway are selected as the target communication modules. Correspondingly, it also includes: If the communication link corresponding to the 5G module and the WiFi module is in a congested state, and the data type of the downlink data is video data or image data, then the downlink data is cached.

5. The data transmission method according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the number M of the target communication modules is greater than 1, then the downlink data is transmitted to the mechanical equipment using the target communication modules, including: The downlink data is divided into M fragments based on erasure coding algorithm, and a corresponding fragment is assigned to each target communication module. Control each of the target communication modules to transmit the corresponding fragmented data to the mechanical equipment.

6. A data transmission system, characterized in that, Applied to mechanical equipment, the mechanical equipment integrates a 5G module, a WiFi module, a BeiDou module, a LoRa self-organizing network module, and a Bluetooth module. The data transmission system includes: A network status determination module is used to determine the network status information of the 5G module and the WiFi module; The first processing module is used to transmit uplink data to the communication terminal using the 5G module or the WiFi module if the network status information meets the preset conditions, so that the communication terminal forwards the uplink data to the cloud platform. The second processing module is used to transmit the uplink data using any one or more of the Beidou module, the LoRa self-organizing network module, and the Bluetooth module if the network status information does not meet the preset conditions. The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical device to the communication terminal using the LoRa self-organizing network module includes: using the LoRa self-organizing network module to transmit the uplink data to other mechanical devices, so that the other mechanical devices transmit the uplink data to the communication terminal; The process of transmitting the uplink data from the mechanical equipment end to the communication end using the Bluetooth module includes: transmitting the uplink data to the mobile phone end using the Bluetooth module, so that the mobile phone end can transmit the uplink data to the cloud platform when the network connection is normal; The process by which the mechanical device transmits the uplink data to other mechanical devices using the LoRa ad hoc network module includes: generating a first LoRa packet corresponding to the uplink data, and setting the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet to N; where N is an integer greater than 0; selecting the other mechanical device with the strongest LoRa signal as the packet receiving end; and transmitting the first LoRa packet to the packet receiving end using the LoRa ad hoc network module; wherein, the operations performed by the packet receiving end after receiving the first LoRa packet include: decrementing the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet by 1; if the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet is greater than 0, then transmitting the first LoRa packet to the communication end or other mechanical devices; if the value of the hop count statistics field of the first LoRa packet is equal to 0, then discarding the first LoRa packet; Correspondingly, it also includes: The message forwarding module is configured to: decrement the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message by 1 if a second LoRa message is received from another mechanical device; discard the second LoRa message if the value of the hop count field is equal to 0; determine whether the communication function of the BeiDou module is normal if the value of the hop count field of the second LoRa message is greater than 0; if so, generate a corresponding BeiDou short message based on the second LoRa message and transmit the BeiDou short message to the communication terminal using the BeiDou module; otherwise, transmit the second LoRa message to the other mechanical device.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when calling the computer program in the memory, implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when loaded and executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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