Fastener stress wave interference mounting equipment and method based on composite material laminated structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material electromagnetic installation, and discloses a stress wave interference installation device and method based on a composite material laminated structure fastener, and the device comprises a workbench which is provided with a fixing mechanism, a positioning clamping mechanism, a stress wave electromagnetic impact gun and a damage monitoring system; and the fixing mechanism is used for fixing the to-be-mounted composite material laminated structure. According to the stress wave interference mounting equipment and method for the fastener based on the composite material laminated structure, the fixing mechanism is linked with the pressing block through the centering block, axis positioning of the mounting hole is completed firstly, then two-way fixing is completed, station conveying of the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism is matched, and it is ensured that the workpiece mounting hole and the axis of the fastener are precisely overlapped. And the positioning clamping mechanism adopts an elastic clamping design, so that the fastener is prevented from being damaged, and a trigger block is accurately matched with an inclined block, so that the bolt is automatically separated after being inserted into a preset depth, and no deviation in the mounting process is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite material electromagnetic installation, in particular to a fastener stress wave interference installation device and method based on a composite material laminated structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing, etc., the composite material laminated structure has become one of the core materials to replace the traditional metal structure due to its excellent performance such as high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, etc. The interference installation of fasteners (such as high-lock bolts, bushing bolts, etc.) is a key process in the assembly of the composite material laminated structure, and the installation quality directly determines the connection strength, sealing performance and service life of the whole structure. However, during the installation process of the composite material laminated structure fastener, the following core technical pain points still exist and need to be broken through.

[0003] Insufficient installation accuracy, easy to cause connection failure The installation hole of the composite material laminated structure needs to maintain strict coaxiality with the fastener (such as high-lock bolt, bushing bolt, etc.), otherwise it will cause local stress concentration during installation, and even cause laminated cracking and delamination. The existing installation equipment mostly relies on manual positioning, and the centering is achieved by manually adjusting the position of the workpiece or the fastener, which not only has low efficiency, but also is easy to cause deviation of the fastener and the installation hole axis due to manual operation errors (such as centering deviation, uneven clamping force), thereby causing "stuck" or "skew" during subsequent interference installation, and reducing the connection reliability.

[0004] High risk of damage during installation process, and material performance is easily damaged The composite material laminated structure is composed of multiple layers of fibers and matrix, and has weak impact resistance and shear resistance, while the installation of the fastener needs to achieve interference fit through external force (such as knocking, pressing), and the traditional installation method (such as pneumatic hammering, hydraulic pressing, etc.) has obvious defects: on the one hand, the impact force of pneumatic hammering is uncontrollable, which easily causes transient stress peak in the surrounding area of the installation hole, and causes fiber fracture and matrix shedding; on the other hand, the strain rate adjustment range of hydraulic pressing is limited, when the fastener is inserted into the installation hole with a certain interference, if the strain rate is too low, the laminated interface at the hole wall is easy to produce delamination damage. At the same time, the existing equipment lacks real-time damage monitoring means for the installation process, and cannot timely find hidden damage (such as fiber fracture, matrix cracking, etc.), which will gradually expand in the subsequent service process, and eventually cause structure failure.

[0005] Low automation, poor operation efficiency and consistency In the current fastener installation process, the workpiece fixing, fastener feeding, clamping, installation, resetting and other links often need to be operated in sections or manually intervened. Although some equipment integrates the automatic function of a single link (such as automatic feeding), there is a lack of cooperative linkage mechanism between links, such as the clamping mechanism cannot automatically disengage after the fastener is inserted to the preset depth, which is easy to interfere with the fastener or workpiece, and manual adjustment of the equipment is required, further reducing the work efficiency.

[0006] In summary, the prior art cannot balance the precision, safety and automation of fastener installation of composite laminated structure, and it is urgent to develop an installation equipment and method with high-precision positioning, real-time damage monitoring, full-process automation and high adaptability to solve the current process pain points and promote the large-scale application of composite laminated structure in high-end manufacturing field. SUMMARY

[0007] (I) Technical problems solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a fastener stress wave interference installation equipment and method based on composite laminated structure to solve the problems described in the background art.

[0008] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a fastener stress wave interference installation equipment based on composite laminated structure, comprising: a workbench, wherein a fixing mechanism, a positioning and clamping mechanism, a stress wave electromagnetic impact gun and a damage monitoring system are installed on the workbench; The fixing mechanism is used for fixing the composite laminated structure to be installed, and the fixing mechanism comprises a centering block for centering the installation hole of the composite laminated structure and a pressing block for fixing the centered composite laminated structure, and the pressing block and the centering block are driven by a driving unit to make the pressing block move upward or downward and the centering block expand or contract; The positioning and clamping mechanism is used for positioning and clamping the fastener to be installed, so that the axis of the fastener coincides with the installation hole of the composite laminated structure; the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun is used for impacting the fastener at the clamping end of the positioning and clamping mechanism downward, and the clamping end of the positioning and clamping mechanism automatically contracts when the fastener impacts downward to a certain distance; The damage monitoring system is used for monitoring the damage evolution process of the stress wave interference installation of the composite laminated structure.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a supporting frame, the number of the pressing blocks is two, and they are respectively located on both sides of the installation hole of the composite laminated structure; the two pressing blocks are connected with the inside of the supporting frame in an up-down sliding manner through a guide rod frame; The driving unit comprises a driving cylinder for driving the two pressing blocks to move up and down, and a clamping action of the composite laminated structure is formed; The supporting frame is driven to the positioning and clamping mechanism by a straight stroke reciprocating mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism comprises a straight stroke cylinder fixed to the workbench, and the supporting frame is slidably connected to the top of the workbench through two sliding guide rail frames, and the straight stroke cylinder is connected to the sliding ends of the two sliding guide rail frames through a connecting frame.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic end of the driving cylinder is hinged with two hinged frames through a U-shaped transmission frame, and the bottom ends of the two hinged frames are hinged with the bottom of the two guide rod frames.

[0012] Preferably, the inside of the supporting frame is fixedly connected with two inclined L-shaped guide rails, and the inside of the two L-shaped guide rails is provided with a sliding rod frame, the centering block is detachably installed on the sliding rod frame, and the two ends of the sliding rod frame are slidably connected with the two guide rod frames.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning and clamping mechanism comprises an electric clamping piece installed on the workbench through a mounting frame, the electric clamping piece comprises two automatically openable clamping parts, and the positioning and clamping of the fastener is formed by the closure of the two clamping parts. The stress wave electromagnetic impact gun is fixed on the mounting frame, and the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun is located directly above the fastener after being clamped.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping part comprises an elastic telescopic frame, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic frame is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped block, the bottom of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic frame is fixedly connected with a trigger block, and the lower side of the trigger block is provided with an inclined block; the inclined block is fixedly connected with the mounting frame through a support; a distance of one fifth of the length of the fastener is reserved between the trigger block and the inclined block; The electric clamping piece is slidably connected with the mounting frame in an up-down sliding manner, and the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a reset tension spring group for upward resetting of the electric clamping piece.

[0015] The method based on the composite laminated structure fastener stress wave interference installation equipment comprises the following steps: S1, start the controller of the workbench, power on the core components such as the fixing mechanism, the positioning and clamping mechanism, the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun, etc., check the sliding fit and smoothness of each component, calibrate the coaxiality of the impact gun axis and the clamping piece, adjust the coverage range of the damage monitoring system, fill the fasteners and adjust the grabbing precision of the mechanical arm of the feeding mechanism, and finally place the composite laminated structure on the fixing mechanism; S2, workpiece fixing and positioning S21, centering operation: the controller starts the drive cylinder of the driving unit, inserts the centering block into the workpiece mounting hole through the transmission structure, and completes the shaft center positioning; S22, workpiece fixing: the drive cylinder reverses, drives the pressing block to press the workpiece downward to realize bidirectional fixing, and the centering block moves aside along the L-shaped guide rail; S23, work position conveying: the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism drives the support frame through the straight stroke cylinder to convey the fixed workpiece to the mounting position, ensuring that the workpiece mounting hole coincides with the axis of the clamping piece; S3, fastener feeding and clamping S31, automatic feeding: the controller triggers the mechanical arm of the feeding mechanism to grab the fastener from the storage groove and convey it to the positioning and clamping mechanism; S32, accurate clamping: the clamping part of the electric clamping piece pushes the arc-shaped block through the elastic expansion frame, elastically clamps the fastener, and monitors the clamping force in real time; S4, stress wave interference installation S41, impact installation: the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun and the damage monitoring system are started synchronously, the impact gun applies an axial force to push the fastener into the mounting hole, and the electric clamping piece slides downward to stretch the reset spring set; S42, automatic disengagement: when the insertion depth of the fastener reaches one-fifth of its length, the trigger block contacts the inclined block to push the clamping part to disengage; the impact gun continues to force until the fastener forms an interference fit, and the damage monitoring system records damage data in real time; S5, reset and detection after installation S51, equipment reset: the impact end of the impact gun is reset, and the electric clamping piece is reset under the action of the reset spring set; the straight stroke cylinder drives the workpiece to return to the material taking position, and the pressing block releases the workpiece; S52, quality detection: according to the damage monitoring data, it is judged whether the workpiece has cracks and delamination, the extension length of the fastener and the tightness of the fit are detected, and if qualified, the process is completed, otherwise, the installation is reinstalled after troubleshooting and adjustment.

[0016] (Three) beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a fastener stress wave interference installation device and method based on a composite material laminated structure, which has the following beneficial effects: The installation accuracy is significantly improved: the fixing mechanism completes the shaft center positioning of the mounting hole through the linkage of the centering block and the pressing block, and then fixes it bidirectionally, and cooperates with the work position conveying of the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism to ensure that the shaft line of the workpiece mounting hole and the fastener is accurately coincided. The positioning and clamping mechanism adopts elastic clamping design, which not only avoids damage to the fastener, but also automatically disengages after the bolt is inserted to the preset depth through the precise cooperation of the trigger block and the inclined block, ensuring that there is no deviation in the installation process.

[0017] High degree of automation, improve work efficiency: integrated feeding mechanism, fixed mechanism, positioning and clamping mechanism of automatic linkage, realize the whole process automation from workpiece feeding, positioning, bolt installation to reset detection, reduce manual intervention. Each component is coordinated by the controller, and the steps of self-checking, calibration, installation, detection, etc. are executed coherently, which shortens the installation cycle of single product and adapts to batch production demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural side view of the present application; Figure 3 is a combined schematic view of the fixed mechanism and the positioning and clamping mechanism of the present application; Figure 4 is a fixed schematic view of the fixed structure of the present application; Figure 5 is a cooperation schematic view of the fixed mechanism and the driving unit of the present application; Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the present application; Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the electric clamping piece of the present application; Figure 8 is a structural bottom view of the electric clamping piece of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 10, workbench; 11, controller; 20, fixed mechanism; 21, centering block; 22, pressing block; 23, support bracket; 24, guide rod bracket; 25, straight-line air cylinder; 30, driving unit; 31, driving air cylinder; 32, hinged bracket; 33, L-shaped guide rail; 34, sliding rod bracket; 40, positioning and clamping mechanism; 41, electric clamping piece; 42, elastic telescopic bracket; 43, arc-shaped block; 44, trigger block; 45, inclined block; 46, sliding rail bracket; 47, reset tension spring set; 50, stress wave electromagnetic impact gun; 60, damage monitoring system; 70, feeding mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Example 1: Referring to the drawings Figures 1 to 8, based on composite laminated structure fastener stress wave interference installation equipment, comprising: Workbench 10, the workbench 10 is installed with controller 11, fixed mechanism 20, positioning clamping mechanism 40, stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50, damage monitoring system 60 and feeding mechanism 70; The stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 in the prior art electromagnetic impact mechanism is composed of input power supply, step-up transformer, rectifier element, current limiting resistor, capacitor and impact head, when in use, only through input power supply, step-up transformer, rectifier element, capacitor charging, specified voltage, discharge switch closing, through cable discharge loading coil, using the electromagnetic repulsion between loading coil and induction coil, induction coil and impact head move downward, form millisecond impact loading.

[0022] The fixed mechanism 20 is used for fixing the composite laminated structure to be installed, and the fixed mechanism 20 comprises a centering block 21 for centering the composite laminated structure installation hole and a pressing block 22 for fixing the centered composite laminated structure, the pressing block 22 and the centering block 21 are driven by the driving unit 30, and the pressing block 22 is driven upward or downward, and the centering block 21 is expanded or contracted; Through the downward driving of the driving unit 30 to the pressing block 22, the composite laminated structure to be installed can be fastened, so as to ensure the stability of the subsequent interference installation of the fastener, and through the driving of the driving unit 30 to the centering block 21, the centering block 21 can be inserted into the installation hole of the composite laminated structure to be fixed, so as to form the axial centering positioning work of at least two groups of composite laminated structure installation holes, thereby improving the accuracy of the subsequent interference installation of the fastener, preventing the axial error between the fastener and the installation hole, and preventing the problem of the accuracy of the subsequent interference installation.

[0023] The positioning clamping mechanism 40 is used for positioning and clamping the fastener to be installed, so that the axial center of the fastener coincides with the installation hole of the composite laminated structure; the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 is used for impacting the fastener at the clamping end of the positioning clamping mechanism 40 downward, and the clamping end of the positioning clamping mechanism 40 is automatically contracted when the fastener impacts a certain distance downward; Through the setting of the positioning clamping mechanism 40, not only the positioning and clamping treatment of the fastener to be installed can be realized, but also the clamping end of the positioning clamping mechanism 40 can be automatically contracted when the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 impacts the fastener, preventing the influence of the clamping part of the positioning clamping mechanism 40 on the normal interference installation of the fastener to the composite laminated structure, and avoiding the deviation of the fastener in the impact process, and further enhancing the accuracy of the interference installation.

[0024] The damage monitoring system 60 is used for monitoring the stress wave interference installation damage evolution process of the composite laminated structure; The damage monitoring system 60 comprises a CCD camera embedded in the top of the workbench 10, which is used for monitoring the stress wave interference installation damage evolution process of the composite laminated structure in real time.

[0025] The feeding mechanism 70 comprises a feeding mechanical arm and a storage groove for storing a plurality of fasteners, which is used for taking out the fasteners from the inside of the storage groove by the feeding mechanical arm and automatically replenishing the fasteners into the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, forming an automatic feeding and interference installation work; the feeding mechanical arm adopts the feeding components in the prior art, which is composed of a motor, a rudder, an electric telescopic rod and an automatic clamp and the like.

[0026] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 And Figure 5 The fixing mechanism 20 comprises a supporting frame 23, and the number of the pressing blocks 22 is two and is located on both sides of the composite laminated structure installation hole respectively; the two pressing blocks 22 are connected with the inside of the supporting frame 23 in an up-down sliding mode through the guide rod frame 24; the driving unit 30 comprises a driving cylinder 31 for driving the two pressing blocks 22 to move up and down, forming the clamping action of the composite laminated structure; the supporting frame 23 is driven to the positioning and clamping mechanism 40 direction through the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism; The number of the pressing blocks 22 is two, which is used for pressing and fixing the two sides of the composite laminated structure installation position, so as to ensure the stability of the installation, and the guide rod frame 24 is arranged for improving the smoothness of the up-down movement of the pressing blocks 22; the driving cylinder 31 in the driving unit 30 is arranged for driving the two guide rod frames 24 to move up and down, indirectly driving the two pressing blocks 22 to move up and down, forming the clamping action of the composite laminated structure; the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism is used for driving the composite laminated structure fixed by the supporting frame 23 to move to the installation area for the stress wave interference installation work.

[0027] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 The straight stroke reciprocating mechanism comprises a straight stroke cylinder 25 fixed on the workbench 10, and the supporting frame 23 is slidably connected with the top of the workbench 10 through two sliding guide rail frames, and the straight stroke cylinder 25 is connected with the sliding ends of the two sliding guide rail frames through a connecting frame; The straight stroke cylinder 25 is connected with the controller 11 in the connecting mode and the control mode of the prior art, which is used for driving the two sliding guide rail frames to move linearly, finally driving the fixing mechanism 20 to move linearly to the lower side of the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, forming the subsequent stress wave interference installation preparation work.

[0028] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 5The telescopic end of the driving cylinder 31 is hinged with two hinged frames 32 through a U-shaped transmission frame, and the bottom ends of the two hinged frames 32 are hinged with the bottom of the two guide frame 24 respectively; When the U-shaped transmission frame is driven by the driving cylinder 31, the two hinged frames 32 can be driven to fan-shaped motion synchronously, and then the two guide frame 24 can be driven to move up and down, so that the up and down motion work of the two pressing blocks 22 is formed, and the downward motion of the two pressing blocks 22 can fasten the composite material laminated structure stored on the supporting frame 23, so as to ensure the stability of the composite material laminated structure during the interference installation of stress wave.

[0029] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 6 The positioning and clamping mechanism 40 includes an electric clamping piece 41 installed on the workbench 10 through a mounting frame, the electric clamping piece 41 includes two automatically openable and closable clamping parts, and the positioning and clamping of the fastener is formed by the closure of the two clamping parts; the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 is fixed on the mounting frame, and the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 is located directly above the clamped fastener; The electric clamping piece 41 adopts the electric clamping instrument in the prior art, and is connected with the controller 11 in the existing connection mode and control mode, and is used to drive the two clamping parts to move relatively or apart, so that the fastener to be installed can be fastened through the relative motion of the two clamping parts. The impact end of the stress wave impact gun 50 is located directly above the clamped fastener, which is convenient for the start of the stress wave impact gun 50, forms high-speed impact of the fastener, makes the fastener quickly inserted into the mounting hole of the composite material laminated structure, and forms interference installation work.

[0030] Embodiment 2: different from embodiment 1 is that Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 5 The inside of the supporting frame 23 is fixedly connected with two inclined L-shaped guide rails 33, and the inside of the two L-shaped guide rails 33 is provided with a sliding rod frame 34, the centering block 21 is detachably installed on the sliding rod frame 34, and the two ends of the sliding rod frame 34 are respectively slidably connected with the two guide frame 24; The centering block 21 is connected with the two guide frame 24 through the sliding rod frame 34, which is used for driving the centering block 21 to move up and down synchronously when the two guide frame 24 moves up and down, and the centering block 21 is inserted into the mounting hole of the composite material laminated structure when moving up, so as to center the composite material laminated structure and improve the centering of the subsequent fastener. When the centering block 21 moves up, the two pressing blocks 22 move upward, so as to facilitate the installation and centering of the composite material laminated structure by the workers, and conversely, the composite material laminated structure is fixed by the pressing of the pressing block 22, and the centering block 21 is removed from the inside of the mounting hole synchronously, forming a linkage motion, so as to ensure the interference installation of the subsequent fastener; the L-shaped guide rail 33 is inclined L-shaped, and the specific shape isFigure 5 The shape shown, and the sliding rod holder 34 is located inside the L-shaped guide rail 33, to ensure that the guide rod holder 24 moves downward, not only to drive the centering block 21 downward, but also to synchronize the lateral movement of the centering block 21, so as to control the centering block 21 to move away from the axis of the mounting hole, so as to facilitate the subsequent exposure of the damage monitoring system 60, forming a composite laminated structure stress wave interference installation damage evolution process.

[0031] Example 3: based on example 1, different is that; Referring to the drawings Figures 6 to 8 The clamping part comprises an elastic telescopic holder 42, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic holder 42 is fixedly connected with an arc block 43, the bottom of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic holder 42 is fixedly connected with a trigger block 44, and the lower side of the trigger block 44 is provided with an inclined block 45; the inclined block 45 is fixedly connected with the mounting bracket through a support; the distance between the trigger block 44 and the inclined block 45 is reserved to be one fifth of the length of the fastener; the electric clamping part 41 is slidably connected with the mounting bracket in an up-down sliding manner through a sliding rail holder 46, and the mounting bracket is fixedly connected with a reset tension spring set 47 for resetting the electric clamping part 41 upward; The electric clamping part 41 is slidably connected with the mounting bracket through the sliding rail holder 46, which is used for moving downward when the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 drives the positioned and clamped fastener to move downward, so as to ensure that the electric clamping part 41 will not affect the installation of the fastener; the reset tension spring set 47 is used for resetting the electric clamping part 41 after moving downward. The clamping part is composed of the elastic telescopic holder 42 and the arc block 43, which not only ensures that the fastener is in an elastic clamping state to prevent the clamping force from being too large and causing damage to the fastener, but also ensures that the elastic telescopic holder 42 can automatically drive the arc block 43 to shrink when the trigger block 44 moves on the inclined surface of the inclined block 45 during the downward movement of the clamping part, so as to ensure that the clamping end of the positioning and clamping mechanism 40 automatically shrinks during the interference installation of the fastener, forming effective interference installation work. The distance between the trigger block 44 and the inclined block 45 is reserved to be one fifth of the length of the fastener, which is used for the fastener to move downward for a short time when the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 impacts downward, and then the clamping part of the electric clamping part 41 shrinks. Through the design of this mode, it can be ensured that the electric clamping part 41 will shrink only after the fastener is inserted into the composite laminated structure mounting hole by a certain distance, which ensures the accuracy of the stress wave interference installation, prevents displacement due to the lack of positioning of the electric clamping part 41 when the fastener is impacted by the stress wave, and thus affects the accuracy of the interference installation.

[0032] The method of the composite laminated structure fastener stress wave interference installation device comprises the following steps: S1, installation preparation stage Start the controller 11 on the workbench 10, and power on the fixed mechanism 20, the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50, the damage monitoring system 60 and the feeding mechanism 70 for self-checking to ensure that each component is normally powered and signal transmission is stable.

[0033] Check the sliding fit clearance between the pressing block 22 and the guide rod holder 24 in the fixed mechanism 20 to ensure that the pressing block 22 moves up and down without jamming; confirm the adaptability of the centering block 21 to the sliding rod holder 34 and the L-shaped guide rail 33 to ensure smooth operation of the centering block 21 lifting and side movement.

[0034] Debug the electric clamping part 41 of the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, test the opening and closing degree of the two clamping parts and the telescopic performance of the elastic telescopic frame 42, adjust the distance between the trigger block 44 and the inclined block 45 to ensure that it is one fifth of the length of the fastener, and check the elastic coefficient of the reset tension spring set 47 to ensure smooth reset of the electric clamping part 41 along the sliding rail holder 46.

[0035] Calibrate the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 to make its axis coincide with the axis of the fastener clamped by the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, and debug the CCD camera of the damage monitoring system 60 to ensure that its shooting range covers the installation area of the composite laminated structure and the image clarity meets the damage monitoring requirements.

[0036] Fill the storage tank of the feeding mechanism 70 with enough fasteners, debug the grabbing accuracy of the feeding mechanical arm to ensure that the mechanical arm can accurately take out the fasteners from the storage tank and deliver them to the clamping part of the positioning and clamping mechanism 40.

[0037] Clean the installation hole of the composite laminated structure to remove impurities and burrs in the hole to avoid affecting the fitting accuracy of the fastener and the installation hole during installation; check the surface quality of the composite laminated structure to confirm that there are no cracks, depressions and other defects, and then place it on the support frame 23 of the fixed mechanism 20.

[0038] S2, workpiece fixing and positioning stage Start the drive cylinder 31 of the drive unit 30 through the controller 11, the drive cylinder 31 contracts to drive the U-shaped transmission frame to move upward, and then pull the two hinged frames 32 to rotate in a fan shape, and pull the guide rod holder 24 to slide upward along the support frame 23.

[0039] When the guide rod holder 24 slides upward, it simultaneously drives the sliding rod holder 34 to move along the L-shaped guide rail 33, so that the centering block 21 extends upward and inserts into the installation hole of the composite laminated structure, completing the axial coincidence positioning of the installation hole; after positioning, the drive cylinder 31 maintains the current state to maintain the positioning position of the centering block 21.

[0040] The controller 11 issues instructions to drive the cylinder 31 to extend and push the U-shaped transmission frame downward, drive the articulated frame 32 to reverse fan-shaped rotation, drive the guide rod frame 24 to slide along the support frame 23 downward, and drive the pressing block 22 to move downward with the guide rod frame 24 until the pressing block 22 closely adheres to the surface of the composite laminated structure, thereby achieving bidirectional pressing and fixing of the workpiece.

[0041] In this process, the sliding rod frame 34 moves along the inclined section of the L-shaped guide rail 33, drives the centering block 21 to move out of the mounting hole and avoid interference with the subsequent fastener installation; the pressing block 22 remains in the pressing state to ensure that the composite laminated structure does not displace during installation.

[0042] The controller 11 starts the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism of the straight stroke cylinder 25, the straight stroke cylinder 25 extends to push the sliding guide rail frame along the workbench 10 through the connecting frame, thereby driving the support frame 23 and the fixed composite laminated structure to move towards the positioning and clamping mechanism 40 until the axis of the mounting hole of the composite laminated structure is completely coincident with the axis of the fastener clamped by the positioning and clamping mechanism 40, and the straight stroke cylinder 25 stops moving, and the workpiece reaches the installation station.

[0043] S3, fastener feeding and clamping stage The controller 11 triggers the feeding mechanism 70 of the feeding mechanical arm, the mechanical arm moves to the upper part of the storage groove according to the preset path, and a fastener is grabbed by the automatic clamp, and then the mechanical arm moves to the electric clamping part 41 of the positioning and clamping mechanism 40 to send the fastener between the two clamping parts.

[0044] After receiving the clamping instruction from the controller 11, the two clamping parts move relative to each other, the elastic extension frame 42 extends to push the arc-shaped block 43 to closely adhere to the outer surface of the fastener, thereby achieving elastic clamping and fixing of the fastener; during clamping, the controller 11 monitors the clamping force in real time to ensure that the clamping force is moderate, thereby avoiding deformation of the fastener and preventing it from loosening during subsequent impact.

[0045] S4, stress wave interference installation stage The controller 11 synchronously starts the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 and the damage monitoring system 60, the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 moves downward at high speed to exert an axial impact force on the fastener clamped by the electric clamping part 41, thereby pushing the fastener to insert into the mounting hole of the composite laminated structure.

[0046] Under the action of the impact force, the fastener drives the electric clamping part 41 to slide downward along the sliding rail frame 46, and the reset spring set 47 is stretched to store energy; when the insertion depth of the fastener into the mounting hole reaches one-fifth of its length, the trigger block 44 on the electric clamping part 41 contacts the inclined block 45.

[0047] With the electric clamping piece 41 continuing to slide down, the trigger block 44 slides along the inclined surface of the inclined block 45, generating a lateral force to push the elastic telescopic frame 42 to shrink, and further drive the arc-shaped block 43 to move away from the fastener, so as to realize automatic separation of the clamping part from the fastener.

[0048] The stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 continuously applies an impact force until the fastener is completely inserted into the mounting hole to form an interference fit, and the stress wave interference installation is completed; during the installation process, the CCD camera of the damage monitoring system 60 captures the installation area of the composite laminate structure in real time, records the damage evolution data during the installation process, and transmits the data to the controller 11 for storage and analysis.

[0049] S5, reset and detection stage after installation After the installation of the fastener is completed, the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun 50 is reset upward; the controller 11 controls the clamping part of the electric clamping piece 41 to restore the initial open state, and at the same time, the reset tension spring set 47 releases the elastic force to pull the electric clamping piece 41 along the sliding rail frame 46 to reset to the initial position upward.

[0050] The straight-line cylinder 25 is started to shrink, and the sliding guide rail frame and the support frame 23 are driven to slide in the opposite direction along the workbench 10 through the connecting frame, so as to transport the composite laminate structure after installation to the initial material taking position; the driving cylinder 31 is contracted to drive the pressing block 22 to move upward, and the composite laminate structure is released, and the worker takes it down.

[0051] The damage monitoring system 60 analyzes whether cracks, delamination and other damages occur in the composite laminate structure during the installation process according to the stored image data; if no damage occurs, it is determined that the installation quality is qualified; if damage occurs, the controller 11 sends an alarm signal, and the worker checks the damage reason and adjusts the equipment parameters to re-install the operation.

[0052] The size of the installed fastener is detected to confirm that the length of the fastener protruding from the surface of the composite laminate structure meets the design requirements, and at the same time, the tightness of the fastener and the mounting hole is checked to ensure that there is no loosening phenomenon, and the entire stress wave interference installation process is completed.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features, as long as they are within the spirit and principles of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stress wave interference mounting apparatus for fasteners based on composite laminate structures, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a composite material stress wave interference installation device, including: Workbench (10), the workbench (10) install fixed mechanism (20), positioning and clamping mechanism (40), stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50) and damage monitoring system (60) on, The fixed mechanism (20) is used for fixing the composite material laminated structure to be installed, and the fixed mechanism (20) includes the centering block (21) for the alignment of composite material laminated structure mounting hole and the pressing block (22) for fixing the composite material laminated structure after alignment, the pressing block (22) and centering block (21) are driven by drive unit (30), and the pressing block (22) is moved upward or downward, and the centering block (21) is expanded or contracted, The positioning and clamping mechanism (40) is used for positioning and clamping the fastener to be installed, so that the shaft center of fastener is consistent with the mounting hole of composite material laminated structure, the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50) is used for impacting the fastener of positioning and clamping mechanism (40) clamping end downward, and when fastener is impacted downward a certain distance, the clamping end of positioning and clamping mechanism (40) is automatically contracted, The damage monitoring system (60) is used for monitoring the damage evolution process of composite material laminated structure stress wave interference installation.

2. The composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus based on the composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The fixed mechanism (20) includes the support frame (23), the number of pressing block (22) is two, and is located at the both sides of composite material laminated structure mounting hole respectively, two pressing blocks (22) are connected with the inside of support frame (23) through guide rod frame (24) in the way of up and down sliding, The drive unit (30) includes the drive cylinder (31) for driving two pressing blocks (22) to move up and down, forming the clamping action of composite material laminated structure, The support frame (23) is driven to the direction of positioning and clamping mechanism (40) through straight stroke reciprocating mechanism.

3. The composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus based on the composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The straight stroke reciprocating mechanism includes straight stroke cylinder (25) fixed on workbench (10), and support frame (23) is slidably connected with the top of workbench (10) through two sliding guide rail frames, and straight stroke cylinder (25) is connected with the sliding end of two sliding guide rail frames through connecting frame.

4. The composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus based on the composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent installation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The telescopic end of drive cylinder (31) is hinged with two hinged frames (32) through U-shaped transmission frame, and the bottom of two hinged frames (32) is hinged with two guide rod frames (24) respectively.

5. The composite laminate structure fastener wave interferent mounting apparatus based on the claim 2, characterized in that: The inside of support frame (23) is fixedly connected with two inclined L-shaped guide rails (33), and the inside of two L-shaped guide rails (33) is provided with sliding rod frame (34), the centering block (21) is detachably installed on sliding rod frame (34), and the both ends of sliding rod frame (34) are slidably connected with two guide rod frames (24) respectively.

6. The composite material stack structure based fastener stress wave interference mounting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The positioning and clamping mechanism (40) includes electric clamping piece (41) installed on workbench (10) through mounting frame, the electric clamping piece (41) includes two automatic opening and closing clamping parts, and the positioning and clamping of fastener are formed by the closure of two clamping parts, The stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50) is fixed on the mounting rack, and the impact end of the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50) is located directly above the clamped and fastened part.

7. The composite material stack structure based fastener stress wave interference mounting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The clamping part comprises an elastic telescopic frame (42), the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic frame (42) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped block (43), the bottom of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic frame (42) is fixedly connected with a trigger block (44), and the lower side of the trigger block (44) is provided with an inclined block (45); the inclined block (45) is fixedly connected with the mounting rack through a support; a distance between the trigger block (44) and the inclined block (45) is reserved, and the distance is one fifth of the length of the fastened part; The electric clamping part (41) is slidably connected with the mounting rack in an up-down sliding mode through a sliding rail frame (46), and the mounting rack is fixedly connected with a reset tension spring set (47) for upward resetting of the electric clamping part (41).

8. The method of stress wave interference mounting of a composite material based laminate structure fastener of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1, start the controller (11) of the workbench (10), power on and self-check the core components such as the fixing mechanism (20), the positioning and clamping mechanism (40), and the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50), check the sliding fit and smoothness of each component, calibrate the coaxiality of the impact gun axis and the clamping part, debug the coverage range of the damage monitoring system (60), simultaneously fill the fastened parts and debug the grabbing precision of the mechanical arm of the feeding mechanism (70), and finally place the composite material laminated structure on the fixing mechanism (20); S2, workpiece fixing and positioning S21, centering operation: the controller (11) starts the drive cylinder (31) of the drive unit (30), drives the centering block (21) to insert into the workpiece mounting hole through the transmission structure, and completes the shaft center positioning; S22, workpiece fixing: the drive cylinder (31) reversely acts, drives the pressing block (22) to press downward the workpiece to realize bidirectional fixing, and the centering block (21) is laterally moved to avoid along the L-shaped guide rail (33); S23, work position conveying: the straight stroke reciprocating mechanism drives the supporting frame (23) through the straight stroke cylinder (25), and conveys the fixed workpiece to the installation work position, so as to ensure that the workpiece mounting hole is coincident with the clamping part axis; S3, fastened part feeding and clamping S31, automatic feeding: the controller (11) triggers the mechanical arm of the feeding mechanism (70), grabs the fastened part from the storage groove and conveys it to the positioning and clamping mechanism (40); S32, accurate clamping: the clamping part of the electric clamping part (41) pushes the arc-shaped block (43) through the elastic telescopic frame (42), elastically clamps the fastened part, and monitors the clamping force in real time; S4, stress wave interference installation S41, impact installation: the stress wave electromagnetic impact gun (50) and the damage monitoring system (60) are synchronously started, the impact gun applies axial force to push the fastened part to insert into the mounting hole, and the electric clamping part (41) slides downward to stretch the reset tension spring set (47); S42, automatic disengagement: when the insertion depth of the fastened part reaches one fifth of the length of the fastened part, the trigger block (44) contacts the inclined block (45), and the clamping part is pushed to disengage; the impact gun continues to apply force until the fastened part forms an interference fit, and the damage monitoring system (60) records the damage data in real time; S5, reset and detection after installation S51, device reset: the impact end of the impact gun is reset, and the electric clamping piece (41) is reset under the action of the reset tension spring set (47); the straight-line air cylinder (25) drives the workpiece to return to the material taking position, and the pressing block (22) releases the workpiece; S52, quality detection: whether the workpiece has cracks and delamination is judged according to the damage monitoring data, the extension length of the fastener and the fitting tightness are detected, and if qualified, the process is completed, and if unqualified, the workpiece is reinstalled after troubleshooting and adjustment.

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