Hollow axle flaw detector: axle end mounting method, docking device, and flaw detector.

Abstract

This application relates to a method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, a docking device, and the flaw detector itself, belonging to the field of detection technology. The docking device includes a docking cylinder and a support mechanism. The docking cylinder includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and a detection cavity penetrating the first and second ends. The first end is used to dock with the end face of the hollow axle, so that the detection cavity communicates with the shaft cavity of the hollow axle. The second end is used to connect with a detection device, so that the probe of the detection device enters the shaft cavity of the hollow axle through the detection cavity. The support mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder slidably sleeved on the docking cylinder and multiple jaws installed at one end of the telescopic cylinder. Each jaw is spaced apart along the circumference of the telescopic cylinder and can move synchronously along the radial direction of the telescopic cylinder. This application can improve work efficiency, reduce work time, and reduce operational safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, a docking device, and the flaw detector itself. Background Technology

[0002] Hollow shafts are a core component of high-speed trains, bearing the weight of the entire vehicle, making the inspection of their operational status crucial.

[0003] In related technologies, mobile ultrasonic flaw detectors are often used to periodically inspect the hollow shafts of high-speed trains. However, before operating the mobile ultrasonic flaw detector on the train, an adapter needs to be manually installed at the end of the hollow shaft to be inspected. The adapter connects the hollow shaft to the flaw detector, allowing the probe of the flaw detector to be inserted into the center hole of the hollow shaft for flaw detection. When performing flaw detection operations on different hollow shafts, the adapter needs to be frequently installed and removed from the shaft end, increasing the number of operations and working time for the flaw detection workers. This is detrimental to improving work efficiency and also increases the safety hazard of human error, which can easily lead to accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for connecting the shaft end of a hollow axle flaw detector, a docking device, and a flaw detector to address the problem of low flaw detection efficiency of hollow axles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a docking device for docking a hollow shaft installed inside a shaft box and an external detection device, the docking device comprising:

[0007] The docking cylinder includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and a detection cavity penetrating the first end and the second end. The first end is used to mate with the end face of the hollow shaft so that the detection cavity communicates with the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft. The second end is used to connect to a detection device so that the probe of the detection device enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity.

[0008] The support mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder slidably sleeved on the docking cylinder and a plurality of claws installed at one end of the telescopic cylinder. Each claw is spaced apart along the periphery of the telescopic cylinder and can move synchronously along the radial direction of the telescopic cylinder.

[0009] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the support mechanism further includes a rotating disk and a fixed disk mounted on the telescopic cylinder. The rotating disk is rotatable relative to the telescopic cylinder, and the fixed disk has a plurality of openings circumferentially, with each of the claws corresponding to different openings.

[0010] The rotating disk is provided with a spiral ridge on the side connected to the claw, and each claw is provided with a spiral groove on the side connected to the rotating disk. Each claw and the rotating disk are slidably engaged through the spiral ridge and the spiral groove, and the two opposite sides of each claw abut against the two side walls of the corresponding opening.

[0011] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the fixed disk is provided with a first flange surface for abutting against the port of the axle box;

[0012] And / or the peripheral side of the chuck is provided with a second flange surface, the second flange surface being used to abut against the port of the axle box.

[0013] In one embodiment of the first aspect, each of the claws includes a clamping block and a slider, one side of the slider is provided with the spiral groove and connected to the rotating disk, and the clamping block is installed on the side of the slider opposite to the rotating disk.

[0014] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the support mechanism further includes a support sleeve and a self-aligning bearing, both of which are sleeved on the telescopic cylinder, with one end of the support sleeve sleeved on the outside of the self-aligning bearing.

[0015] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the docking device further includes a locking mechanism connected to the side of the telescopic cylinder near the second end;

[0016] The locking mechanism includes an upper hinge and a lower hinge arranged opposite to each other, a screw that rotatably passes through the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and a handwheel connected to one end of the screw. The upper hinge and the lower hinge are fitted around the outside of the telescopic cylinder. The lower hinge is rotatably connected to one end of the upper hinge on the same side, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole. The screw is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole.

[0017] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the docking device further includes a limiting pin, the docking cylinder has a limiting groove parallel to the axial direction, the limiting pin is installed on the upper hinge, and one end slides through the limiting groove.

[0018] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the lower hinge has a grip portion on the side away from the upper hinge, the grip portion being used for manual support.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a flaw detector, including the docking device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0020] Thirdly, this application also provides a method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, using the docking device or flaw detector described in any of the above embodiments. The method for connecting the axle end of the hollow axle flaw detector includes:

[0021] The second end of the docking cylinder is fixed to the detection end of the flaw detector;

[0022] Move the flaw detector to the station to be inspected, open the end cover of the axle box, and expose the end of the hollow shaft to be inspected;

[0023] Orient the first end of the docking cylinder toward the end hole of the axle box, and move the flaw detector so that the first flange surface of the fixing plate or the second flange surface of the chuck abuts against the outside of the port of the axle box;

[0024] Adjust the opening state of the jaws so that the sides of the jaws abut against the inner wall of the end hole of the shaft box, so as to align the docking cylinder with the hollow shaft;

[0025] Move the flaw detector again toward the axle box so that the first end of the docking cylinder is pressed against the end of the hollow shaft;

[0026] Adjust the locking mechanism to fix the telescopic cylinder to the docking cylinder. The ultrasonic probe of the flaw detector enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity of the docking cylinder to perform the detection operation.

[0027] Compared to related technologies, the advantages of this application are as follows: This application provides a method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, a docking device, and a flaw detector, which can be used for flaw detection operations on hollow axles. The docking device includes a docking cylinder and a support mechanism. The docking cylinder has a first end that docks with the hollow axle and a second end that is fixed to the flaw detector. The support mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder slidably sleeved on the docking cylinder and multiple jaws installed at one end of the telescopic cylinder. Each jaw is spaced apart along the circumference of the telescopic cylinder and can move synchronously along the radial direction of the telescopic cylinder. In this way, during operation, after fixing the docking device to the detection end of the detection equipment, the detection device and the docking device are moved to the hollow axle to be detected, so that the telescopic cylinder reaches the end hole of the axle box. Each jaw moves synchronously and abuts against the wall of the end hole of the axle box, thereby achieving alignment between the docking device and the center of the hollow axle. Then, the flaw detector and the docking cylinder are moved, and the first end of the docking cylinder is docked with the end face of the hollow axle. The probe of the detection device enters the detection cavity along the second end and enters the shaft cavity of the hollow axle from the first end to perform the detection operation. Therefore, when performing detection operations on different hollow shafts, it is only necessary to align the hollow shaft with the jaws of the docking device, eliminating the need for frequently disassembled adapters, thus improving work efficiency, reducing work time, and lowering work safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the docking device in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the docking cylinder in some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 The following are schematic diagrams of the support mechanism in some embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the claw structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed disk in some embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the docking device in some other embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the claw structure in some other embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism in some embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flange face structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the axle end attachment method of the hollow axle flaw detector in some embodiments of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 100. Docking device; 110. Docking cylinder; 111. First end; 112. Second end; 113. Detection cavity; 114. Connector; 115. Flange face; 116. Limiting groove; 120. Support mechanism; 121. Telescopic cylinder; 122. Claw; 1221. Clamping block; 1222. Slider; 1223. Helical groove; 1224. Second flange edge; 123. Rotating disk; 1231. Helical ridge; 124. Fixed disk; 1241. Opening; 1242. First flange edge; 125. Support sleeve; 126. Self-aligning bearing; 127. Handle; 128. Bushing; 130. Locking mechanism; 131. Upper hinge; 132. Lower hinge; 133. Screw; 134. Handwheel; 135. Limiting pin; 136. Grip part. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0043] Furthermore, where the term "and / or" appears, "and / or" merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. Where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0047] Ultrasonic flaw detectors can quickly, conveniently, non-destructively, and accurately detect, locate, evaluate, and diagnose various internal defects in workpieces, such as cracks, porosity, air holes, and inclusions. They can be widely used in industries such as boilers, pressure vessels, aerospace, aviation, power, petroleum, chemical, offshore oil, pipelines, military, shipbuilding, automotive, machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, metal processing, steel structures, railway transportation, nuclear power, and universities.

[0048] In related technologies, before using a mobile ultrasonic flaw detector to inspect a hollow shaft of a vehicle, a special adapter needs to be manually installed at the end of the hollow shaft to be inspected. The adapter is used to connect the hollow shaft to the flaw detector. The adapter has an internal cavity that allows the hollow shaft to communicate with the flaw detector, so that the probe of the flaw detector can be inserted into the cavity of the hollow shaft for flaw detection.

[0049] However, when using adapters for flaw detection, the shaft end of the hollow shaft needs to be frequently disassembled and reassembled for different hollow shafts. This increases the number of actions and working time for flaw detection workers, reduces work efficiency, increases the safety risks of human error, and can easily lead to accidents.

[0050] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this application provide a docking device 100, which can be used for detecting the shaft cavity of a hollow shaft, specifically applied to the detection of hollow shafts in high-speed trains.

[0051] See Figure 1 As shown, the docking device 100 includes a docking cylinder 110 and a support mechanism 120.

[0052] Understandably, the docking device 100 needs to work with a detection device to detect the hollow shaft. The detection device includes a telescopic ultrasonic probe that can extend into the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft for inspection. The hollow shaft is installed in the axle box of the train set. The end of the axle box has an end hole, which is coaxial with the hollow shaft. In this application, after fixing one end of the docking cylinder 110 to the detection device, the docking device 100 is installed in the end hole of the axle box through the support mechanism 120, so that the docking cylinder 110 is aligned with the hollow shaft. Then, the docking cylinder 110 is docked with the shaft end of the hollow shaft, which facilitates the subsequent entry of the ultrasonic probe into the hollow shaft.

[0053] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 The docking cylinder 110 includes a first end 111 and a second end 112 disposed opposite to each other, and a detection cavity 113 passing through the first end 111 and the second end 112. The first end 111 is used to mate with the end face of the hollow shaft so that the detection cavity 113 communicates with the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft. The second end 112 is used to connect with a detection device so that the probe of the detection device enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity 113.

[0054] Continue reading Figure 3As shown, the support mechanism 120 includes a telescopic cylinder 121, which is sleeved on the docking cylinder 110, and both can slide relative to each other under the action of external force. That is, the telescopic cylinder 121 can slide relative to the docking cylinder 110, and the docking cylinder 110 can slide relative to the telescopic cylinder 121, so that after the support mechanism 120 is connected to the end hole of the shaft box, the docking cylinder 110 can be moved so that the first end 111 abuts against the shaft end of the hollow shaft.

[0055] The support mechanism 120 also includes a plurality of claws 122 installed at one end of the telescopic cylinder 121. Each claw 122 is distributed at intervals along the periphery of the telescopic cylinder 121 and can move synchronously in the radial direction of the telescopic cylinder 121 to facilitate the claws 122 to smoothly enter the end hole of the axle box. After the claws 122 enter the end hole of the axle box, they are moved outward again to press against the inner wall of the axle box, so as to realize the alignment of the docking cylinder 110 with the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft.

[0056] For example, during operation, the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110 is first installed on the detection end of the detection device, thus installing the docking device 100 on the detection device. Then, the end cover of the axle box is opened to expose the hollow shaft, and the detection device is moved so that the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 faces the hollow shaft. The claws 122 are in a converged state, and the telescopic cylinder 121 is moved so that the claws 122 enter the end hole of the axle box. Immediately afterwards, the claws 122 are adjusted to open outward in the radial direction until the supporting wall surface of each claw 122 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the end hole of the axle box. Since the telescopic cylinder 121 and the claws 122 are coaxially arranged with the docking cylinder 110, and the axle box end hole is coaxially arranged with the hollow shaft, when the claws 122 are in contact with the wall surface of the axle box end hole, it can be determined that the telescopic cylinder 121 is aligned with the axle box end hole, and thus the docking cylinder 110 and the hollow shaft are in an aligned state. Finally, the docking cylinder 110 is moved along the axial direction so that the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 is docked with the hollow shaft. The ultrasonic probe of the detection device enters the hollow shaft through the docking cylinder 110 to carry out subsequent detection operations, ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 is provided with a connector 114. The connector 114 can be installed on the docking cylinder 110 by means of bolt locking, welding, or sleeve connection, or it can be integrated with the docking cylinder 110. The connector 114 has a through hole with the same diameter as the probe cavity 113, so that the probe can enter the hollow shaft through the connector 114. At the same time, the end of the connector 114 away from the docking cylinder 110 has a beveled structure on its periphery, forming a conical structure, so that during the docking process, the front end of the connector 114 enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft, and the bevel abuts against the inner wall of the hollow shaft to achieve docking positioning.

[0058] In one embodiment, the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110 is provided with a flange face 115. The flange face 115 is integrally formed with the main body of the docking cylinder 110, and the flange face 115 and the detection end of the detection device are connected and fixed by bolts.

[0059] Optionally, in other embodiments, the flange face 115 and the detection device can also be locked and fixed by a clamp structure.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110 may also be provided with a sleeve structure to replace the flange face 115 and to be sleeved onto the detection device.

[0061] Please continue reading. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the support mechanism 120 further includes a rotating disk 123 and a fixed disk 124 mounted on the telescopic cylinder 121. The rotating disk 123 can rotate relative to the telescopic cylinder 121 to drive the claw 122 to move in the radial direction. The fixed disk 124 has a plurality of openings 1241 circumferentially, and each claw 122 is respectively installed in a different opening 1241 to limit the movement direction of the claw 122.

[0062] Specifically, the fixed disk 124 can be fixedly installed on the outside of the telescopic cylinder 121, so that the rotating disk 123 can rotate independently relative to the fixed disk 124. The side of the rotating disk 123 connected to the claw 122 is provided with a spiral protrusion 1231, and each claw 122 has a corresponding spiral groove 1223 on the side connected to the rotating disk 123. Each claw 122 and the rotating disk 123 are slidably engaged through the spiral protrusion 1231 and the spiral groove 1223, and the two opposite sides of each claw 122 abut against the two side walls of a corresponding opening 1241. Therefore, during the rotation of the rotating disk 123, due to the restriction of the fixed disk 124, the claw 122 cannot rotate with the rotating disk 123, while through the engagement of the spiral protrusion 1231 and the spiral groove 1223, the claw 122 can move radially.

[0063] Understandably, by rotating the rotating disk 123 in both directions, the jaws 122 can open or close. During the docking process, the jaws 122 can be opened to make their sides abut against the inner wall of the shaft box, thus completing the alignment operation; during the disassembly process, simply adjust the jaws 122 to close, and the docking device 100 will disengage from the shaft box.

[0064] In one embodiment, a handle 127 is provided on the side of the rotating disk 123 away from the chuck 122. The handle 127 is used to drive the rotating disk 123 to rotate relative to the fixed disk 124. One end of the handle 127 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 123, and the other end extends outward, thereby facilitating the operator's rotation operation and reducing the force applied and the risk of injury.

[0065] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the fixing disk 124 is larger than the diameter of the end hole of the axle box, and the peripheral side of the fixing disk 124 is provided with a first flange surface. Thus, during the docking process, when the chuck 122 enters the end hole of the axle box, the first flange surface of the fixing disk 124 abuts against the outer side of the axle box, so that the docking device 100 is pressed against the outer side of the axle box, which facilitates the subsequent adjustment operation of the chuck 122.

[0066] In one embodiment, each jaw 122 includes a clamping block 1221 and a slider 1222. One side of the slider 1222 has a helical groove 1223 and is connected to the rotating disk 123. The clamping block 1221 is fixedly installed on the side of the slider 1222 facing away from the rotating disk 123 by screws. Thus, during the rotation of the rotating disk 123, the slider 1222 drives the clamping block 1221 to move. The edge of the clamping block 1221 has an arcuate surface to facilitate contact with the inner wall of the end hole of the shaft box. In this embodiment, the slider 1222 avoids direct contact between the clamping block 1221 and the rotating disk 123, reducing sliding wear and extending the service life of the jaw 122.

[0067] In one embodiment, the support mechanism 120 further includes a support sleeve 125 and a self-aligning bearing 126. Both the support sleeve 125 and the self-aligning bearing 126 are fitted onto the telescopic cylinder 121, with one end of the support sleeve 125 fitted onto the outside of the self-aligning bearing 126. Specifically, the support sleeve 125 is mounted on the outside of the telescopic cylinder 121 via the self-aligning bearing 126, and both the rotating disk 123 and the fixed disk 124 are mounted on the support sleeve 125. Thus, during the docking process, if the jaws 122 cannot fully fit against the inner wall of the shaft box, slight adjustments can be made along the up-down and left-right directions of the support sleeve 125, and the angle of the support sleeve 125 can be adjusted via the self-aligning bearing 126. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the first end 111 and the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110 are considered as the front-back direction, and the periphery of the docking cylinder 110 is considered as the front-back and left-right direction.

[0068] Furthermore, a bushing 128 is provided between the rotating disk 123 and the support sleeve 125. Specifically, the bushing 128 can be an oil-free bushing. In this embodiment, the bushing 128 can reduce friction and contact wear when the rotating disk 123 rotates relative to the support sleeve 125.

[0069] Continue reading Figure 6 and Figure 7In other embodiments, the outer diameter of the fixing disk 124 is smaller than the outer diameter of the jaw 122 when it is in its maximum open state, and the second flange surface is only provided on the periphery of the jaw 122. Thus, during the docking process, the second flange surface of the jaw 122 abuts against the outer side of the axle box port, the protruding end of the jaw 122 facing the axle box extends into the axle box end hole, and subsequent adjustments are made to make the protruding end side of the jaw 122 press against the inner wall of the axle box.

[0070] It is understood that in some other embodiments, while a first flange surface is provided on the periphery of the fixed disk 124, a second flange surface is provided on the periphery of the claw 122, which can also achieve the above function. The specific principle will not be repeated.

[0071] See also Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the docking device 100 further includes a locking mechanism 130, which is connected to the side of the telescopic cylinder 121 near the second end 112. The locking mechanism 130 is fixed to the end of the telescopic cylinder 121. In the unlocked state, it can move along with the telescopic cylinder 121 on the docking cylinder 110. When the docking cylinder 110 abuts against the shaft end of the hollow shaft, the locking mechanism 130 can fix the telescopic cylinder 121 and the docking cylinder 110, restricting the relative movement between the telescopic cylinder 121 and the docking cylinder 110.

[0072] Specifically, the locking mechanism 130 includes an upper hinge 131 and a lower hinge 132 arranged opposite to each other, a screw 133 rotatably passing through the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132, and a handwheel 134 connected to one end of the screw 133. The upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132 are fitted around the outside of the telescopic cylinder 121. The lower hinge 132 is rotatably connected to one end of the upper hinge 131 on the same side, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole. The screw 133 is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole so that the distance between the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132 can be adjusted by rotating the screw 133 through the handwheel 134.

[0073] For example, both the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132 have semi-circular notches on their adjacent sides to allow them to be fitted together on the docking cylinder 110. A connecting block may be provided at one end of the rotatable connection between the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132, and connecting pins may be provided on both ends of the connecting block on the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132 respectively. The connecting pins rotatably pass through the connecting block, allowing the upper hinge 131 and the lower hinge 132 to rotate relative to each other.

[0074] During the docking process, once the chuck 122 is pressed against the inner wall of the shaft box and alignment is complete, the movable docking cylinder 110 can slide relative to the telescopic cylinder 121 until its first end 111 is pressed against the end of the hollow shaft. Then, by rotating the screw 133 using the handwheel 134, the upper hinge 131 and lower hinge 132 are locked onto the docking cylinder 110, restricting the relative movement between the telescopic cylinder 121 and the docking cylinder 110. For disassembly, simply rotate the handwheel 134 in the opposite direction to release the upper hinge 131 and lower hinge 132.

[0075] In one embodiment, the docking device 100 further includes a limiting pin 135. The docking cylinder 110 has a limiting groove 116 parallel to the axial direction. The limiting pin 135 is installed on the upper hinge 131, and one end slides through the limiting groove 116. By inserting one end of the limiting pin 135 into the limiting groove 116, the movement direction of the telescopic cylinder 121 and the docking cylinder 110 is limited, preventing the telescopic cylinder 121 from rotating relative to the docking cylinder 110 during operation.

[0076] In one embodiment, a grip portion 136 is provided on the side of the lower hinge 132 away from the upper hinge 131, which is used for manual support. When manually locking or releasing the locking mechanism 130, the operator's hands can be placed on the grip portion 136 and the handwheel 134 respectively, so as to hold the mechanism while rotating the handwheel 134, saving effort and facilitating operation.

[0077] For example, the grip 136 may be a rectangular frame structure, and the operator can grip the frame edge structure. In other embodiments, the grip 136 may also be an n-shaped opening structure, or simply a rod located at the bottom center of the lower hinge 132, which can satisfy manual gripping, and is not specifically limited here.

[0078] Embodiments of this application also provide a flaw detector, including the docking device 100 and the detection device as described in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, the detection device includes an ultrasonic probe, one end of the docking device 100 is fixed to the detection end of the detection device, and the other end is aligned with the hollow shaft. After alignment, the ultrasonic probe extends into the detection cavity 113 of the docking device 100 and finally enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft for ultrasonic detection.

[0079] Furthermore, the flaw detector may also include a moving device, which may include multiple pulleys mounted on the bottom side of the flaw detector to facilitate the overall movement of the flaw detector and facilitate transportation during operation.

[0080] This embodiment includes the docking device 100 of any of the above embodiments, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the docking device 100 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0081] Continue reading Figure 10 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, using the docking device 100 or flaw detector described in any of the above embodiments.

[0082] The axle end attachment methods for hollow axle flaw detectors include:

[0083] S10, fix the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110 to the detection end of the flaw detector.

[0084] Specifically, the detection end of the flaw detector is also provided with a flange end face to fit with the flange face 115 of the second end 112 of the docking cylinder 110. Then, the docking cylinder 110 is fixed to the detection end by bolts to complete the assembly of the docking device 100 and the detection device.

[0085] S20, move the flaw detector to the station to be inspected, open the end cover of the shaft box, and expose the end of the hollow shaft to be inspected.

[0086] Specifically, the flaw detector with the docking device 100 fixed is moved to the detection station and the docking device 100 is brought close to the axle box of the train. The end cover of the axle box is opened to expose the hollow shaft to be detected, which facilitates the subsequent alignment operation.

[0087] S30, the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 is oriented toward the end hole of the axle box, and the flaw detector is moved so that the first flange surface of the fixing plate 124 or the second flange surface of the claw 122 is pressed against the outside of the port of the axle box.

[0088] Specifically, the position of the flaw detector is adjusted so that the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 faces the end hole of the axle box. When the fixed plate 124 has a first flange surface, the flaw detector moves as a whole, causing the jaw 122 to extend into the axle box until the first flange surface of the fixed plate 124 is abutted against the port of the axle box. When the jaw 122 has a second flange surface, the flaw detector moves as a whole, causing the front end of the jaw 122 to extend into the axle box until the second flange surface of the jaw 122 is abutted against the port of the axle box.

[0089] S40, adjust the opening state of the chuck 122 so that the side of the chuck 122 abuts against the inner wall of the end hole of the shaft box, so as to align the docking cylinder 110 with the hollow shaft.

[0090] Specifically, after the docking device 100 is abutted against the shaft box port, the rotating disk 123 can be rotated to cause the jaws 122 to open radially and abut against the inner wall of the end hole of the shaft box, thus completing the alignment of the docking cylinder 110 and the hollow shaft. If the jaws 122 cannot fully fit against the inner wall of the shaft box, the self-aligning bearing 126 can be used to make slight adjustments along the up, down, left, and right directions of the support sleeve 125 until all jaws 122 fit against the inner wall of the shaft box.

[0091] S50, move the flaw detector again toward the axle box so that the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 is pressed against the end of the hollow shaft.

[0092] Specifically, after the jaw 122 is in contact with the inner wall of the shaft box, the docking cylinder 110 and the hollow shaft are aligned. The docking cylinder 110 is moved along the axial direction of the docking cylinder 110 so that the first end 111 of the docking cylinder 110 is pressed against the end of the hollow shaft to facilitate subsequent detection operations.

[0093] S60, adjust the locking mechanism 130 to fix the telescopic cylinder 121 and the docking cylinder 110. The ultrasonic probe of the flaw detector enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity 113 of the docking cylinder 110 to perform the detection operation.

[0094] Specifically, after the docking cylinder 110 is abutted against the hollow shaft, the upper hinge 131 and lower hinge 132 of the locking mechanism 130 are locked onto the docking cylinder 110 by rotating the handwheel 134, thereby fixing the telescopic cylinder 121 to the docking cylinder 110. Then, the ultrasonic probe of the flaw detector can enter the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity 113 of the docking cylinder 110 in the aligned state, ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0095] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A docking device for docking a hollow shaft installed inside a shaft box and an external detection device, characterized in that, The docking device includes: The docking cylinder includes a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other, and a detection cavity penetrating the first end and the second end. The first end is used to mate with the end face of the hollow shaft so that the detection cavity communicates with the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft. The second end is used to connect to a detection device so that the probe of the detection device enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity. The support mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder slidably sleeved on the docking cylinder and a plurality of claws installed at one end of the telescopic cylinder. Each claw is spaced apart along the periphery of the telescopic cylinder and can move synchronously along the radial direction of the telescopic cylinder. The support mechanism also includes a rotating disk and a fixed disk mounted on the telescopic cylinder. The rotating disk can rotate relative to the telescopic cylinder, and the fixed disk has multiple openings in the circumferential direction. Each of the claws is installed in a different opening. The rotating disk is provided with a spiral ridge on the side connected to the claw, and a spiral groove is provided on the side of each claw connected to the rotating disk. Each claw and the rotating disk are slidably engaged through the spiral ridge and the spiral groove, and the two opposite sides of each claw abut against the two side walls of the corresponding opening. The fixed plate is provided with a first flange surface, which is used to abut against the port of the axle box; And / or the peripheral side of the chuck is provided with a second flange surface, the second flange surface being used to abut against the port of the axle box.

2. The docking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned claws includes a clamping block and a slider. The slider has a spiral groove on one side and is connected to the rotating disk. The clamping block is installed on the side of the slider opposite to the rotating disk.

3. The docking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism also includes a support sleeve and a self-aligning bearing. Both the support sleeve and the self-aligning bearing are sleeved on the telescopic cylinder, and one end of the support sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the self-aligning bearing.

4. The docking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The docking device further includes a locking mechanism, which is connected to the side of the telescopic cylinder near the second end; The locking mechanism includes an upper hinge and a lower hinge arranged opposite to each other, a screw that rotatably passes through the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and a handwheel connected to one end of the screw. The upper hinge and the lower hinge are fitted around the outside of the telescopic cylinder. The lower hinge is rotatably connected to one end of the upper hinge on the same side, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole. The screw is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole.

5. The docking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The docking device also includes a limiting pin. The docking cylinder has a limiting groove parallel to the axial direction. The limiting pin is installed on the upper hinge, and one end slides through the limiting groove.

6. The docking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower hinge has a grip on the side away from the upper hinge, and the grip is used for manual support.

7. A flaw detector, characterized in that, The docking device includes any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method for connecting the axle end of a hollow axle flaw detector, characterized in that, Using the docking device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, the axle end attachment method of the hollow axle flaw detector includes: The second end of the docking cylinder is fixed to the detection end of the flaw detector; Move the flaw detector to the station to be inspected, open the end cover of the axle box, and expose the end of the hollow shaft to be inspected; Orient the first end of the docking cylinder toward the end hole of the axle box, and move the flaw detector so that the first flange surface of the fixing plate or the second flange surface of the chuck abuts against the outside of the port of the axle box; Adjust the opening state of the jaws so that the sides of the jaws abut against the inner wall of the end hole of the shaft box, so as to align the docking cylinder with the hollow shaft; Move the flaw detector again toward the axle box so that the first end of the docking cylinder is pressed against the end of the hollow shaft; Adjust the locking mechanism to fix the telescopic cylinder to the docking cylinder. The ultrasonic probe of the flaw detector enters the shaft cavity of the hollow shaft through the detection cavity of the docking cylinder to perform the detection operation.

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