Closed dust removal and emission system and method for drilling

Abstract

The invention provides a closed dust removal and discharge system and method for drilling, and relates to the technical field of safety protection of mine drilling construction, the closed dust removal and discharge system for drilling comprises a fully-closed hole cover, a spiral conveying system, a slag collecting box, a cyclone dust removal system and an automatic slag discharge system, collecting a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the drill hole; the input end of the spiral conveying system is communicated with the totally-closed hole cover, and the output end of the spiral conveying system is connected with the slag collecting box and used for conveying a three-phase mixture to the slag collecting box; the fully-closed hole cover is matched with the spiral conveying system, so that fully-closed collection and conveying of in-hole discharged objects are achieved, the core pain point that in the prior art, a slag discharging opening is opened and directly discharges slag is solved, the leakage path of harmful gas and dust to a working space is blocked from the source, the safe environment of the working space is remarkably improved, and the working efficiency is improved. And the body health and life safety of operators are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety protection technology for mine drilling construction, and in particular to a closed dust removal and emission system and method for drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In dry dust removal drilling operations, existing technologies employ targeted control measures to reduce dust pollution and prevent harmful gas hazards. A typical device is the water jet dust suppression system, with its core optimization focused on the connection device on the exhaust pipe side of the borehole cover. This device achieves partial dust suppression and guides harmful gases. Such devices have been applied to some extent in mine drilling operations to help improve the working environment of dry dust removal processes. In existing technologies, such as Figure 5 The existing technology only optimizes one side of the borehole mask's exhaust pipe, neglecting emission control on the slag discharge port side, leaving the slag discharge port in an open, direct discharge state. This results in a large amount of harmful gases, coal, or rock dust generated during drilling still being directly discharged into the mine shaft through the open slag discharge port, even with the aforementioned dust suppression and harmful gas prevention devices. The concentration of harmful gases and dust in the working space cannot be effectively controlled, and the safety of workers and the working environment cannot be reliably guaranteed. The dust suppression and harmful gas prevention goals of the dry dust removal process are not truly achieved. Therefore, this invention proposes a closed dust removal and emission system and method for borehole drilling to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a closed dust removal and emission system and method for borehole drilling. By using a fully enclosed borehole mask in conjunction with a spiral conveyor system, it achieves fully enclosed collection and transportation of materials discharged from the borehole. This solves the core problem of open direct discharge of slag in existing technologies, blocking the leakage path of harmful gases and dust into the work space from the source, significantly improving the safety environment of the work space, and protecting the health and safety of workers.

[0004] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a closed dust removal and emission system for drilling, comprising a fully enclosed perforated mask, a spiral conveying system, a slag collection box, a cyclone dust removal system, and an automatic slag discharge system. The fully enclosed perforated mask is used to seal the borehole opening and collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the borehole. The spiral conveying system has its input end connected to the fully enclosed perforated mask and its output end connected to the slag collection box, and is used to transport the three-phase mixture to the slag collection box. The cyclone dust removal system is connected to the inside of the slag collection box. Its exhaust end is connected to the external blowout preventer through a negative pressure pipe to achieve gas-dust separation. The separated dust returns to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout preventer. The automatic slag discharge system is set at the bottom of the slag collection box and includes a gravity plate, a pneumatic valve, a pneumatic motor, and a star impeller. The gravity plate carries rock dust and, when it accumulates to a preset gravity, triggers the pneumatic valve to open, driving the pneumatic motor to work. The pneumatic motor drives the star impeller to discharge slag, and the star impeller cooperates with the slag discharge port to achieve full-time closure.

[0005] Further improvements are made in that: the screw conveying system includes a screw feeding cylinder, an exhaust pipe, and a slag discharge pipe. The screw feeding cylinder is connected to a fully enclosed perforated mask through the slag discharge pipe, and the slag outlet of the screw feeding cylinder is connected to a slag collection box. The exhaust pipe connects the fully enclosed perforated mask and the slag collection box. A screw conveying structure is set inside the screw feeding cylinder. The bearings of the screw conveying structure adopt a hard link with rubber seals, with a radial clearance of 0.1-0.5mm and an axial clearance of 1-3mm.

[0006] Further improvements are made in that: the outer diameter of the blades of the spiral conveying structure is 90-110mm, the pitch is 80-120mm, the operating speed of the pneumatic motor is 130-150r / min, and the conveying capacity is 200-350kg / min.

[0007] Further improvements are made in the following aspects: the outer surface of the cyclone dust removal system is a conical cylinder, and the ratio of the total height H of the main body of the cyclone dust removal system to the cylinder diameter D is H / D≤3.0. Its air inlet is rectangular and the height-to-width ratio a / b≥2.4. The air inlet and the exhaust port are made of 3-5 inch steel pipes.

[0008] A further improvement is that the cyclone dust removal system also includes an air filter assembly, which is located at the exhaust port of the cyclone dust removal system.

[0009] A further improvement is that the triggering mechanism is a mechanical linkage mechanism, and the gravity plate is suspended by an elastic reset member. When it is pressed down, the pneumatic valve is directly opened and closed through the mechanical linkage mechanism.

[0010] Further improvements include: the vertical curvature of the slag discharge port is not less than 72°, and the movable, unsealed part of the gravity plate is encapsulated with a wire mesh antistatic and flame-retardant material.

[0011] A closed-loop dust collection and emission method for borehole drilling includes the following steps: S1: Closed collection, the fully enclosed pore mask and the pore sealing sleeve are installed at the borehole opening to collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the hole; S2: Slag collection and conveying system, which transports the three-phase mixture to the slag collection box via a screw conveyor system; S3: Cyclone dust removal, which separates air and dust through the cyclone dust removal system. The separated dust is returned to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout prevention pipeline. S4: Automatic closed slag discharge. When rock dust accumulates to the preset gravity, the gravity plate triggers the pneumatic motor of the star impeller to open the pneumatic valve, and the star impeller rotates to discharge slag. The slag discharge process is kept closed at all times. After slag discharge, the system is reset and the star impeller stops running.

[0012] A further improvement is that, in S3, the dust removal process of the cyclone dust removal system is achieved through an optimized Stairmand high-efficiency structure, which, combined with the air filter components, improves the filtration efficiency of fine particulate dust.

[0013] A further improvement is that, in S4, the trigger gravity for automatic slag discharge is preset by the parameters of the elastic reset component, and the star-shaped impeller and the slag discharge port always remain concentric and at the same angle during the slag discharge process, so as to maintain no leakage of harmful gases and dust.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves fully enclosed collection and transportation of discharge materials through a fully enclosed perforated mask and a spiral conveying system, solving the core problem of open direct discharge of slag in the prior art. It blocks the leakage path of harmful gases and dust into the work space from the source, significantly improves the safety environment of the work space, and protects the health and safety of the workers.

[0015] 2. The cyclone dust removal system of the present invention is based on the Stairmand high-efficiency optimized design, and combined with the air filter component to further improve the filtration efficiency of fine particulate dust, which greatly reduces the pollution of the blowout preventer pipeline by dust and reduces the slag removal and maintenance cost of the blowout preventer system; the automatic slag discharge system adopts a purely mechanical structure trigger, which is simple and reliable. Through the elastic reset component and the star impeller full-time closed design, it ensures slag discharge efficiency while taking into account the sealing and durability of the system, reducing equipment complexity and production cost, and is easy to mass-produce.

[0016] 3. This invention has a wide range of applications and can be used in various scenarios such as mine gas extraction drilling, water exploration drilling, gas geological exploration drilling, hydrological drilling, and drilling in areas with oil and gas outburst risks. It can withstand the impact of high-pressure liquids and gases of a certain intensity and is of great significance for protecting the safety of personnel, working environment and equipment. It has extremely high practicality and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the slag collection box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral feeding cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a dust suppression system for traditional dry dust removal drilling construction. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0019] according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, this embodiment proposes a closed dust removal and emission system and method for boreholes. This system allows harmful gases, drill cuttings, and dust to enter a separation chamber in a fully enclosed, non-landing state, achieving gas, dust, and slag separation and ensuring safe emission. This device is applicable to borehole construction where harmful gases are emitted and large amounts of dust are generated, requiring sealed emission treatment. It can also withstand high-pressure liquid and gas impacts of a certain intensity, protecting personnel, the working environment, and equipment safety.

[0020] A fully enclosed perforated mask is used to collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the perforation; it is connected to the slag collection box through exhaust and slag discharge pipes and transported to the inside of the box; the negative pressure pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the cyclone dust removal system, and fine dust particles are purified by the cyclone dust collector and returned to the inside of the slag collection box, while the gas is drawn into the blowout prevention pipeline; when the rock dust in the slag collection box accumulates to a certain weight, the gravity plate is pressed down, triggering the pneumatic valve switch, and the pneumatic motor starts to work, driving the star impeller to discharge slag.

[0021] Sealing design and conveying efficiency of screw conveyor systems: The screw conveyor system includes a screw feed cylinder, an exhaust pipe, and a slag discharge pipe. The screw feed cylinder is connected to a fully enclosed perforated mask via the slag discharge pipe, and the slag outlet of the screw feed cylinder is connected to a slag collection box. The exhaust pipe connects the fully enclosed perforated mask and the slag collection box. A screw conveying structure, consisting of screw feed blades, is installed inside the screw feed cylinder and driven by a motor. The bearings of the screw conveyor structure use rigid connections. To protect the bearings and achieve stable, reliable, and dustproof performance, precision machining is used between the bearings, and rubber seals are used for reinforcement. Shaft vibration, thermal expansion and contraction causing friction, jamming, and excessive radial clearance can reduce the sealing effect; the radial clearance is set at 0.1-0.5 mm. The axial clearance is used to compensate for shaft movement, and the machining clearance is 1-3 mm. Through wear tests and actual working condition testing to observe the change in seal wear over time, the system can operate stably for 800-1000 hours.

[0022] Formula for calculating the conveying capacity of a screw conveyor system

[0023] Table 1: Explanation of Calculation Formulas

[0024] Table 2: Inclination coefficient β (empirical value)

[0025] The motor has a rated speed of 2800 r / min, a reduction ratio of 1:17, a rated speed of 164 r / min, an operating speed of 140 r / min, and a single-hole slag discharge capacity of approximately 120 kg / min. The inner diameter of the spiral slag loading pipe is 115 mm, the total length is 2 m, and the blade outer diameter is designed to be 100 mm. The optimal blade pitch is designed to be 51 mm. Through testing in practical applications, factors such as conveying resistance, residual rock cuttings, and conveying efficiency were balanced, and the blade outer diameter and pitch were optimized to meet the operating requirements. Ultimately, a blade outer diameter of 100 mm and a pitch of 100 mm were determined. The conveying capacity of this spiral conveying system is approximately 290 kg / min, which fully meets the requirements.

[0026] Parameter design of cyclone dust collection system: This design significantly reduces dust contamination of the blowout preventer piping and the slag removal and maintenance costs of the blowout preventer system. The main parameters of the cyclone dust collector were determined based on the design of the Stairmand high-efficiency model.

[0027] Table 3: Calculation Parameters for Cyclone Dust Collectors

[0028] Since the inlet pipe diameter Din is the diameter of a circular pipe, it can be equivalent to a rectangular inlet: inlet area ; Parameter Selection: Considering space limitations, the overall height of the main body of this cyclone dust collector system is designed to be 560mm. Both the inlet and outlet use 4-inch steel pipes with an inner diameter of 106mm. Based on actual testing, the classic Stairmand model parameter H=4D is compressed to 3D, and the inlet is slightly widened by 0.6D×0.25D, which is beneficial for controlling the inlet cross-sectional velocity. The main body parameters are determined according to the formulas in Table 3 as follows: Inlet rectangle: a / D=0.60, b / D=0.25 (slightly enlarge the inlet cross-section to reduce velocity and wear at the rectangular section). The inlet is converted from a 106mm inner diameter pipe Din to an equivalent rectangle. Exhaust port diameter: D e=106mm. Length of the exhaust pipe submerged in the cyclone: ​​S=0.40D. Height of the air inlet cylinder: h=1.20D. Height of the cone: Z=1.80D. Diameter of the lower opening of the cone: B=0.25D. Total height of the main body: H=3.00D (=h+Z). D is the diameter of the cylinder, i.e., the diameter of the upper opening of the cone.

[0029] Calculation results of various parameters of the cyclone dust collector: H / D=3.0 Given D = H / 3, we get: Diameter of the cone's upper opening D: D = 0.560 ÷ 3 = 0.1867 m = 186.7 mm; Diameter of the extraction port De: 106.0 mm De / D≈0.568; Inlet rectangular dimensions a×b: a=0.60D=112.0mm, b=0.25D=46.7mm; Immersion length of the extraction pipe S: 0.40D=74.7mm; Cylinder height h: 1.20D=224.0mm; Cone height Z: 1.80D=336.0mm; Diameter of the lower opening of the cone B: 0.25D=46.7mm; Total height H: h+Z=560mm.

[0030] This system has been tested by a mining dust concentration tester and its dust removal efficiency can reach 85%~96%.

[0031] Because the blowout prevention system has a high negative pressure and the cyclone dust removal system has a large air inlet, an air filter is added to the outlet to prevent dust re-spraying when the initial gas velocity at the inlet is too high. This improves the filtration efficiency for fine and ultrafine particles, achieving a dust removal efficiency of over 96% after optimization. If space permits, a secondary cyclone can be added, or the height and size of the cyclone system itself can be adjusted.

[0032] Automatic slag removal system design: It adopts a simple and reliable purely mechanical structure to achieve automatic slag discharge and full-time enclosure. While ensuring performance, it greatly simplifies the complexity of the device, and is easy to mass-produce due to its high reliability, low cost, and ease of use.

[0033] The elastic restoring element is a spring. Spring selection and parameter calculation: The spring material is 60Si2Mn alloy spring steel (G=79,000MPa), which has high strength, long service life and is suitable for frequent use.

[0034] Table 4 Formulas for Calculating Spring Parameters

[0035] m—Weight of rock dust supported on the gravity plate (Kg); g—Acceleration due to gravity; H0—Free height of the spring (mm); Hb—Compression height of the spring (mm); d—Diameter of the spring wire (mm); D—Mean diameter of the spring (outer diameter of the spring - diameter of the spring wire, mm); n—Number of spring coils.

[0036] Select spring parameters: Table 5 Effective Design Parameters of Springs

[0037] The star-shaped slag discharge port has an upper and lower arc of no less than 72°, concentric with the star-shaped blades at the same angle, achieving full-time sealing. The unsealed parts of the gravity plate, as well as the bottom and sides of the tank, are encapsulated with wire mesh-reinforced antistatic and flame-retardant nylon material to improve durability, sealing, and resistance. The torque of the pneumatic motor was determined through testing. When the gravity plate presses down, it depresses the connecting rod, triggering the mechanical linkage mechanism, opening the pneumatic valve, and starting the pneumatic motor to discharge slag.

[0038] Example 2 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, this embodiment proposes a closed dust collection and emission system and method for drilling: Screw conveyor system parameters: It adopts hard-link bearings, and the bearings are precision-machined and equipped with rubber seals to enhance the sealing performance. The radial clearance is 0.3mm and the axial clearance is 2mm. The system has been tested and can operate stably for 900 hours. The inner diameter of the screw slag loading pipe is 115mm, the total length is 2m, the outer diameter of the blade is 100mm, and the pitch is 100mm. The rated speed of the pneumatic motor is 2800r / min, the reduction ratio is 1:17, the operating speed is 140r / min, and the conveying capacity of the screw conveyor system is about 290kg / min, which can meet the working condition requirement of about 120kg / min of slag discharge per hole.

[0039] Cyclone dust removal system parameters: The total height of the main body is designed to be 560mm. Both the air inlet and exhaust port use 4-inch steel pipes with an inner diameter of 106mm. Based on the Stairmand high-efficiency optimized design, the total height of the main body is compressed to 3D (D is the diameter of the cylinder), and the air inlet size is 0.6D×0.25D. Calculations show that the upper diameter of the cone is D=186.7mm, the diameter of the exhaust port is De=106.0mm, the immersion length of the exhaust pipe is S=74.7mm, the cylinder height is h=224.0mm, the cone height is Z=336.0mm, and the lower diameter of the cone is B=46.7mm. According to the test of a mining dust concentration meter, the dust removal efficiency can reach 85%~96%, and the dust removal efficiency is increased to over 96% after adding an air filter.

[0040] Automatic slag discharge system parameters: The spring material is 60Si2Mn alloy spring steel (G=79000MPa), the spring compression height is 60mm, the maximum height is 150mm, the wire diameter is 3mm, the spring mean diameter is 30mm, and the effective number of turns is 10; the upper and lower arc of the star-shaped slag discharge port is 72°, concentric with the star-shaped blades at the same angle; the movable and unsealed parts of the gravity plate are encapsulated with wire mesh antistatic and flame-retardant nylon material; when the gravity plate is pressed down, the pneumatic valve is opened by triggering the mechanical mechanism through the connecting rod, and the pneumatic motor drives the star-shaped impeller to discharge slag.

[0041] Working process: The solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture in the collection hole of the fully enclosed mask is transported to the slag collection box through the conveying pipeline; after the cyclone dust removal system is started, the fine dust is purified and returned to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout prevention pipeline; when the rock dust in the slag collection box accumulates to the preset gravity of the trigger gravity plate, the pneumatic valve opens, and the pneumatic motor drives the star impeller to close and discharge the slag. After the slag discharge is completed, the system resets and closes.

[0042] Verification data: For the screw conveyor system, the conveying capacity can reach 290 kg / min, which can meet the slag discharge requirement of 120 kg / min per hole, and the system can operate stably for up to 900 hours; The total height of the main body of the cyclone dust removal system (cyclone part) is 560 mm, and the dust removal efficiency can reach 85%~96% after testing. After adding an air filter component, the dust removal efficiency is increased to over 96%; In terms of sealing, the slag discharge port can be fully sealed at all times, with no leakage of harmful gases and dust, ensuring a safe working environment.

[0043] This invention achieves fully enclosed collection and transport of discharge materials within the orifice through a fully enclosed perforated mask combined with a spiral conveyor system. This solves the core problem of open, direct discharge of slag from the discharge port in existing technologies, blocking the leakage path of harmful gases and dust into the work space at the source, significantly improving the safety environment of the work space, and protecting the health and safety of workers. Furthermore, the cyclone dust removal system of this invention is based on the Stairmand high-efficiency optimized design, and combined with air filtration components to further improve the filtration efficiency of fine particulate dust, greatly reducing dust contamination of the blowout preventer pipeline and reducing the slag removal and maintenance costs of the blowout preventer system. The automatic slag discharge system adopts a purely mechanical trigger structure, which is simple and reliable. Through the elastic reset component and the star-shaped impeller's all-time enclosed design, it ensures slag discharge efficiency while also considering the system's sealing and durability, reducing equipment complexity and production costs, and facilitating mass production. Meanwhile, this invention has a wide range of applications and can be used in various scenarios such as mine gas extraction drilling, water exploration drilling, gas geological exploration drilling, hydrological drilling, and drilling in areas with oil and gas outburst risks. It can withstand the impact of high-pressure liquids and gases of a certain intensity, which is of great significance for protecting the safety of personnel, working environment and equipment. It has extremely high practicality and promotion value.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A closed dust removal and emission system for drilling, comprising a fully enclosed borehole mask, a screw conveyor system, a slag collection box, a cyclone dust collector system, and an automatic slag discharge system, characterized in that: The fully enclosed perforated mask is used to seal the borehole opening and collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the borehole; the input end of the spiral conveying system is connected to the fully enclosed perforated mask, and the output end is connected to the slag collection box, used to transport the three-phase mixture to the slag collection box; The cyclone dust removal system is connected to the inside of the slag collection box. Its exhaust end is connected to the external blowout preventer through a negative pressure pipe to achieve gas-dust separation. The separated dust returns to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout preventer. The automatic slag discharge system is set at the bottom of the slag collection box and includes a gravity plate, a pneumatic valve, a pneumatic motor, and a star impeller. The gravity plate carries rock dust and, when it accumulates to a preset gravity, triggers the pneumatic valve to open, driving the pneumatic motor to work. The pneumatic motor drives the star impeller to discharge slag, and the star impeller cooperates with the slag discharge port to achieve full-time closure.

2. A closed dust removal and emission system for drilling, comprising a fully enclosed borehole mask, a screw conveyor system, a slag collection box, a cyclone dust removal system, and an automatic slag discharge system, characterized in that: The fully enclosed perforated mask is used to seal the borehole opening and collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the borehole; the input end of the spiral conveying system is connected to the fully enclosed perforated mask, and the output end is connected to the slag collection box, used to transport the three-phase mixture to the slag collection box; The cyclone dust removal system is connected to the inside of the slag collection box. Its exhaust end is connected to the external blowout preventer through a negative pressure pipe to achieve gas-dust separation. The separated dust returns to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout preventer. The automatic slag discharge system is set at the bottom of the slag collection box and includes a gravity plate, a pneumatic valve, a pneumatic motor, and a star impeller. The gravity plate carries rock dust and, when it accumulates to a preset gravity, triggers the pneumatic valve to open, driving the pneumatic motor to work. The pneumatic motor drives the star impeller to discharge slag, and the star impeller cooperates with the slag discharge port to achieve full-time closure.

3. The closed dust collection and emission system for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the blades of the spiral conveyor structure is 90-110mm, the pitch is 80-120mm, the operating speed of the pneumatic motor is 130-150r / min, and the conveying capacity is 200-350kg / min.

4. The closed dust collection and emission system for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone dust removal system has a conical outer shell, and the ratio of the total height H of the main body of the cyclone dust removal system to the diameter D of the shell is H / D≤3.

0. Its air inlet is rectangular and the height-to-width ratio a / b≥2.

4. The air inlet and the exhaust port are made of 3-5 inch steel pipes.

5. A closed dust collection and emission system for drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cyclone dust removal system also includes an air filter assembly, which is located at the exhaust port of the cyclone dust removal system.

6. A closed dust collection and emission system for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triggering mechanism is a mechanical linkage mechanism. The gravity plate is suspended by an elastic reset member. When it is pressed down, the pneumatic valve is directly opened and closed through the mechanical linkage mechanism.

7. A closed dust collection and emission system for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical curvature of the slag discharge port is not less than 72°, and the movable, unsealed part of the gravity plate is encapsulated with wire mesh antistatic and flame-retardant material.

8. A closed-loop dust collection and emission method for borehole drilling, employing a closed-loop dust collection and emission system for borehole drilling as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Closed collection, the fully enclosed pore mask and the pore sealing sleeve are installed at the borehole opening to collect the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture discharged from the hole; S2: Conveying slag collection, the three-phase mixture is conveyed to the slag collection box through a screw conveyor system; S3: Cyclone dust removal, which separates air and dust through the cyclone dust removal system. The separated dust is returned to the slag collection box, and the gas is drawn into the blowout prevention pipeline. S4: Automatic closed slag discharge. When rock dust accumulates to the preset gravity, the gravity plate triggers the pneumatic motor of the star impeller to open the pneumatic valve, and the star impeller rotates to discharge slag. The slag discharge process is kept closed at all times. After slag discharge, the system is reset and the star impeller stops running.

9. A closed dust removal and emission method for drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S3, the dust removal process of the cyclone dust removal system is achieved through the optimized Stairmand high-efficiency structure, which, combined with the air filter components, improves the filtration efficiency of fine particulate dust.

10. A closed dust removal and emission method for drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S4, the trigger gravity for automatic slag discharge is preset by the parameters of the elastic reset component. During the slag discharge process, the star-shaped impeller and the slag discharge port always maintain concentricity and the same angle to ensure that no harmful gases or dust leak out.

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