Intelligent dust control and removal system and dust control and removal method based on airflow vibration at fully-mechanized face

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent dust control and removal system and method based on airflow vibration at a fully-mechanized face, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust treatment. Comprising an airflow vibration sensor arranged on a hydraulic support and / or a scraper conveyer, and a dust remover arranged on a chute baffle of the scraper conveyer. The detection range of the airflow vibration sensor faces the coal face, a detected airflow vibration signal is transmitted to the control system, and then the control system selectively opens and closes the dust remover at the corresponding position according to the airflow vibration signal so as to accurately control and remove dust. The problem of dust pollution caused by caving of a fully-mechanized coal mining face caving can be precisely treated, the dust remover in an over-limit area is automatically adjusted to be started and stopped by matching with a control system to set an airflow vibration limit value, and intelligent dust control and removal of the whole coal mining face can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine dust control technology, and relates to an intelligent dust control system and method based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face. Background Technology

[0003] As the most polluted area in underground coal mines, the dust in fully mechanized mining faces mainly originates from dust generated by the coal cutting drum of the coal mining machine, the lowering and shifting of hydraulic supports, and wall collapses. The main reasons for dust pollution caused by wall collapses in fully mechanized mining faces are: after the rock mass on the coal face deforms, breaks down, and detaches under mine pressure, this process instantly generates a large amount of fine primary dust particles; in addition, large chunks of coal (and gangue) that collapse impact and strike the floor and scraper conveyor. This violent impact further crushes the coal chunks and resuspends dust that has already settled or adhered to the surfaces of equipment and roadways into the air, causing secondary dust pollution. The high-speed fall of coal chunks also creates airflow, forming localized air currents (induced airflows). These airflows are sufficient to re-erase the already settled coarser coal dust particles, exacerbating dust dispersion.

[0004] Based on the above, there is an urgent need to design a new solution to address the dust pollution caused by coal face collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent dust control system and method based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face. By monitoring the airflow vibration caused by the collapse of the coal face, the dust collectors at the corresponding locations are activated to achieve dust control at the coal mining face.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An intelligent dust control system based on airflow vibration at a fully mechanized mining face includes a hydraulic support and a scraper conveyor installed on the hydraulic support near the coal mining face. The hydraulic support and / or the scraper conveyor are equipped with airflow vibration sensors, the detection surface of which faces the coal mining face. A hollow interlayer is provided on the chute baffle on the side of the scraper conveyor, and a dust collector is vertically installed within the hollow interlayer. The dust collector's suction port is located at the bottom, and its outlet is located at the top, utilizing a suction effect to purify and discharge the dust generated by the coal cutting machine. The system also includes a control system electrically connected to the airflow vibration sensor and the power unit of the dust collector, controlling the opening and closing of the dust collector through the transmission signal from the airflow vibration sensor.

[0007] Optionally, the dust collector is in a straight line shape, and includes an air inlet, a dust removal section, a power section and an air outlet in sequence, wherein the dust removal section and the power section are located in the hollow interlayer.

[0008] Optionally, the power unit is located in the power section, and the dust removal section is equipped with a cyclone dust collector. The power unit provides power for the operation of the cyclone dust collector. The power unit is an electric device, a hydraulic device, or an electro-hydraulic device.

[0009] Optionally, the power section also includes nozzles to wash the inhaled dust-laden gas; a dehydration section is also provided between the air outlet and the dust removal section, and a dehydration device is provided in the dehydration section to separate the washed gas from the water, and the separated clean gas is discharged from the air outlet; the dehydration device is driven by the power device.

[0010] Optionally, the dewatering device includes swirl vanes and baffles.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include a powertrain that transmits and distributes power to the power unit.

[0012] Optionally, the control system includes a sub-control box electrically connected to the power unit, and a main control box electrically connected to the airflow vibration sensor and the sub-control box respectively; each dust collector is equipped with a sub-control box, the main control box issues commands to the sub-control box through the signal transmitted by the airflow vibration sensor, and the sub-control box controls the opening and closing of the corresponding dust collector through the power unit.

[0013] Optionally, several dust collectors are arranged sequentially along the chute baffle, and the number of airflow vibration sensors is equal to or greater than the number of dust collectors; only one main control box is set in each coal mining face, and the main control box is set on the shield beam of the hydraulic support.

[0014] A dust control method using any of the above-mentioned intelligent dust control systems based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face, under normal circumstances, the airflow vibration sensor transmits the airflow vibration signal to the main control box, and the main control box issues instructions to the sub-control boxes to start and stop the dust collector. In an emergency, the airflow vibration sensor is set with an airflow vibration limit. When the value measured by the airflow vibration sensor exceeds this limit, the main control box will automatically command the sub-control box of the over-limit area to turn on the corresponding dust collector; when the value measured in the over-limit area is lower than the limit, the main control box will automatically command the sub-control box of the over-limit area to turn off the corresponding dust collector. Multiple dust collectors can be turned on simultaneously; under normal circumstances, at least two dust collectors should be turned on near the upper and lower drums of the coal mining machine, and at least four dust collectors should be turned on at the body of the coal mining machine; in an emergency, any position can be turned on.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention addresses the dust pollution problem caused by the collapse of face rock in fully mechanized mining. When the rock mass on the side of the coal face deforms, breaks down, and detaches under mining pressure, this process instantly generates a large amount of fine primary dust particles. Furthermore, the large pieces of coal (and gangue) that collapse impact the floor and scraper conveyor. This violent impact further crushes the coal and resuspends dust that has already settled or adhered to the surfaces of equipment and roadways, causing secondary dust pollution. The high-speed fall of coal also creates airflow, forming localized air currents (induced airflows). These airflows are sufficient to re-erase the already settled, coarser coal dust particles, exacerbating dust dispersion.

[0016] This invention specifically employs an airflow vibration sensor to detect airflow vibration in the coal mining face and is equipped with a dust collector installed on the baffle of the scraper conveyor chute. The control system controls the opening and closing of the dust collector based on the airflow vibration signal detected by the airflow vibration sensor, which can accurately control the dust raised by the airflow and realize the intelligent dust control and removal work of the whole system.

[0017] The chute baffle has a hollow interlayer on its outer side, within which an integrated dust collection device (electric dust collector, hydraulic dust collector, etc.) is installed. This device uses a suction effect to draw in dust generated by the coal cutting drum of the coal mining machine, especially dust that tends to diffuse towards the worker's side due to the machine's obstruction. This dust is then drawn into the dust collector for purification. Simultaneously, the integrated device's outlet forms an air curtain, water curtain, or mist cannon (air-water mixture) to create a barrier between the coal mining machine and the worker's side, preventing untreated dust from diffusing further towards the worker's side and guiding it towards the coal face (away from the worker's side). If a water curtain or mist cannon is used, it can also promptly settle any unpurified dust, and also help settle dust on the coal face side.

[0018] This invention can prevent dust from spreading while simultaneously controlling dust at its source. The cyclone dust collector is primarily used to filter dust. The air from the outlet is obliquely sprayed towards the coal wall to form an air curtain, acting as both an induction and blocking mechanism to prevent dust escaping from the coal mining machine from spreading towards the pedestrian area. Additionally, a spray system is installed at the outlet to achieve a wind-driven spray effect, directly reducing dust.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system; Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a scraper conveyor equipped with a dust collector; Figure 4 This is a front view of the dust collector; Figure 5 This is an isometric drawing of the dust collector. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of a dust collector.

[0021] Figure label: 1. Chute baffle, 2. Air inlet, 3. Air outlet, 4. Power section, 5. Nozzle, 6. Dust removal section, 7. Dehydration section, 8. Power assembly, 9. Base, 10. Hollow sandwich layer, 11. Scraper conveyor, 12. Hydraulic support, 13. Airflow vibration sensor, 14. Sub-control box, 15. Main control box, 16. Dust collector. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-6 This is an intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at a fully mechanized mining face. It includes a hydraulic support 12 and a scraper conveyor 11 installed on the hydraulic support 12 near the coal mining face. An airflow vibration sensor 13 is installed on the hydraulic support 12 and / or the scraper conveyor 11, with the detection surface of the airflow vibration sensor 13 facing the coal mining face. A chute baffle 1 is installed on the side of the base 9 of the scraper conveyor 11, and a hollow sandwich 10 is installed on the chute baffle 1. A dust collector 16 is vertically installed in the hollow sandwich 10. The suction port 2 of the dust collector 16 is located at the lower part, and the exhaust port 3 is located at the upper part. The dust generated by the coal cutting machine is purified and discharged by using the suction effect.

[0026] The intelligent dust removal system also includes a control system electrically connected to the airflow vibration sensor 13 and the power unit of the dust collector 16, which controls the opening and closing of the dust collector 16 through the transmission signal of the airflow vibration sensor 13.

[0027] The dust collector 16 is in a straight line shape, and includes an air inlet 2, a dust removal section 6, a power section 4 and an air outlet 3 in sequence. The dust removal section 6 and the power section 4 are located in the hollow interlayer.

[0028] The power unit is located in the power section 4, and the dust removal section 6 is equipped with a cyclone dust collector. The power unit provides power for the operation of the cyclone dust collector; the power unit can be electric, hydraulic, or electro-hydraulic. The power section 4 also includes nozzles 5 to wash the inhaled dust-laden gas. A dehydration section 7 is located between the outlet 3 and the dust removal section 6. The dehydration section 7 is equipped with a dehydration device to separate the washed gas from the moisture. The separated clean gas is discharged from the outlet 3. The dehydration device is driven by the power unit. The dehydration device includes cyclone blades and baffles.

[0029] The dust collector 16 also includes a power assembly 8 that transmits and distributes power to the power unit.

[0030] The control system includes a sub-control box 14 electrically connected to the power unit, and a main control box 15 electrically connected to the airflow vibration sensor 13 and the sub-control box 14 respectively. Each dust collector 16 is equipped with a sub-control box 14. The main control box 15 sends instructions to the sub-control box 14 through the signal transmitted by the airflow vibration sensor 13. The sub-control box 14 controls the opening and closing of the corresponding dust collector 16 through the power unit.

[0031] A dust collector 16 is installed at 2m intervals along the chute baffles on the coal mining face. The number of airflow vibration sensors 13 is equal to or greater than the number of dust collectors 16. Only one main control box 15 is installed on each coal mining face, and the main control box 15 is installed on the shield beam of the hydraulic support 12.

[0032] The control system also includes an upper-level network electrically connected to the main control box 15, which sends commands to the main control box 15 to further command the dust collector 16 corresponding to the sub-control box 14 to open and close.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrical connection methods include Ethernet, CAN bus, RS485, etc. The airflow vibration sensor 13 of the present invention can be a piezoelectric accelerometer, a capacitive sensor, or an integrated vibration transmitter, etc.

[0034] A dust control method employing the aforementioned intelligent dust control system, under normal circumstances, involves the airflow vibration sensor 13 transmitting airflow vibration signals to the main control box 15. The main control box 15 then issues commands to the sub-control box 14 to start and stop the dust collector 16. In emergency situations, the airflow vibration sensor 13 sets airflow vibration limits. When the value measured by the airflow vibration sensor 13 exceeds this limit, the main control box 15 automatically commands the sub-control box 14 in the exceeding area to start the corresponding dust collector 16; conversely, when the measured value in the exceeding area is below the limit, the main control box 15 automatically commands the sub-control box 14 in the exceeding area to shut down the corresponding dust collector 16. This achieves intelligent dust control for the entire system, solving the problem of increased dust concentration caused by sheet collapse.

[0035] Multiple dust collectors 16 can be opened simultaneously; under normal circumstances, at least two dust collectors 16 should be opened near the upper and lower drums of the coal mining machine, and at least four dust collectors 16 should be opened on the body of the coal mining machine; in an emergency, any position can be opened.

[0036] Example 1 A blower-suction integrated dust collector 16 is installed on the baffle plate of the scraper conveyor 11 chute. The dust collector 16 is generally in a straight line shape and includes an air inlet 2, a dust removal section 6, a power section 4, and an air outlet 3. The dust removal section 6 and the power section 4 are located within the hollow interlayer 10. The air inlet 2 of the dust collector 16 is located at the bottom, and the air outlet 3 is located at the top. It uses the suction effect to control the dust generated by the coal cutting machine within the internal space of the chute for efficient purification. The purified clean gas is discharged from the air outlet 3, preventing dust diffusion and achieving dust source control. In typical applications in fully mechanized mining faces, the scraper conveyor 11 is used in conjunction with the hydraulic support 12. The dust collector 16 installed on the baffle plate 1 of the scraper conveyor 11 chute can purify the working environment on the personnel side and protect the health of miners.

[0037] Furthermore, a power unit is installed in the power section 4, and a cyclone dust collector is installed in the dust removal section 6. The power unit provides power for the operation of the cyclone dust collector. The power unit can be an electric device, a hydraulic device, or an electro-hydraulic device.

[0038] Example 2 In this embodiment, a nozzle 5 is installed in the power section 4 to wash the inhaled dust-laden gas. Most of the dust is thoroughly mixed with water after washing, forming a "dust-water mixture". After the "dust-water mixture" enters the dust removal section 6, the cyclone dust collector rotates at high speed, generating a strong centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust-water mixture and water droplets, which are much denser than the gas, are violently thrown against the cylinder wall of the dust collector 16. The gas purified by the cyclone dust collector still carries a large number of fine water droplets. Therefore, the present invention also provides a dehydration section 7 before the air outlet 3 and after the dust removal section 6. The dehydration section 7 is equipped with a dehydration device to separate the washed gas from the water. The separated clean gas is discharged from the air outlet 3. The dehydration device is driven by a power unit.

[0039] In this embodiment, the dust collector 16 also includes a power assembly 8 for transmitting and distributing power to the power unit. The power unit regulates the start and stop of the cyclone dust collector and the dewatering device.

[0040] The dehydration device includes swirl vanes and baffles. When liquid-containing gas passes through the gaps between the swirl vanes, the airflow changes from linear motion to high-speed rotation due to the specific tilt angle and arrangement of the vanes; and since the density of small liquid droplets is much greater than that of gas, the small droplets are violently thrown forward onto the baffles under inertia, thus achieving gas-liquid separation.

[0041] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1 or 2 above, this embodiment further specifies that the air outlet 3 is equipped with a spray device, which can form water mist or mist cannon at the air outlet 3. The dust collector 16 uses water jet to create negative pressure, that is, it uses the arranged spray device to form a water jet to create negative pressure, so as to suck up the dust generated by the coal mining machine cutting coal. At the same time, the spray at the air outlet 3 forms a dense water mist that is sprayed towards the coal wall, thus forming a water curtain dust barrier on the side of the coal mining machine and the personnel walkway, preventing the dust escaping from the coal mining machine from spreading to the personnel walkway side. At the same time, the dust on the coal wall side settles.

[0042] In some embodiments, a plurality of dust collectors 16 of the present invention are arranged sequentially along the extending direction of the chute baffle 1. Each dust collector 16 can be controlled independently and can be started and stopped according to actual needs on site (such as changes in dust concentration, position of the coal mining machine, etc.). This achieves the control of dust around the coal mining machine during coal cutting, as well as the control of dust generated when irregular sidewall collapses.

[0043] The dust collector 16 of the present invention is mainly used to filter dust and clean gas. The air outlet 3 is sprayed obliquely towards the coal wall, which can play the role of ejection and air curtain blocking, preventing the dust escaped by the coal mining machine from spreading to the pedestrian side.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at a fully mechanized mining face, characterized in that: The system includes a hydraulic support (12) and a scraper conveyor (11) installed on the hydraulic support (12) near the coal mining face; the hydraulic support (12) and / or the scraper conveyor (11) are equipped with an airflow vibration sensor (13), the detection surface of the airflow vibration sensor (13) facing the coal mining face; a hollow interlayer (10) is provided on the chute baffle (1) on the side of the scraper conveyor (11), and a dust collector (16) is vertically installed in the hollow interlayer (10); wherein the air inlet (2) of the dust collector (16) is located at the lower part and the air outlet (3) is located at the upper part, and the dust generated by the coal cutting machine is purified and discharged by using the suction effect; the system also includes a control system electrically connected to the power unit of the airflow vibration sensor (13) and the dust collector (16), which controls the opening and closing of the dust collector (16) through the transmission signal of the airflow vibration sensor (13).

2. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collector (16) is in a straight line shape and includes an air inlet (2), a dust removal section (6), a power section (4) and an air outlet (3) in sequence. The dust removal section (6) and the power section (4) are located in the hollow interlayer (10).

3. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power unit is located in the power section (4), and the dust removal section (6) is equipped with a cyclone dust collector. The power unit provides power for the operation of the cyclone dust collector. The power unit is an electric device, a hydraulic device, or an electro-hydraulic device.

4. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power section (4) also includes a nozzle (5) for washing the inhaled dust-laden gas; a dehydration section (7) is provided between the air outlet (3) and the dust removal section (6), and a dehydration device is provided in the dehydration section (7) to separate the washed gas from the water, and the separated clean gas is discharged from the air outlet (3); the dehydration device is driven by the power device.

5. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dehydration device includes swirl vanes and baffles.

6. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a powertrain (8) that transmits and distributes power to the power unit.

7. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a sub-control box (14) electrically connected to the power unit, and a main control box (15) electrically connected to the airflow vibration sensor (13) and the sub-control box (14). Each dust collector (16) is equipped with a sub-control box (14). The main control box (15) issues commands to the sub-control box (14) through the signal transmitted by the airflow vibration sensor (13). The sub-control box (14) controls the opening and closing of the corresponding dust collector (16) through the power unit.

8. The intelligent dust control and removal system based on airflow vibration at the fully mechanized mining face according to claim 7, characterized in that: Several dust collectors (16) are arranged sequentially along the chute baffle (1), and the number of airflow vibration sensors (13) is equal to or greater than the number of dust collectors (16); only one main control box (15) is set in each coal mining face, and the main control box (15) is set on the shield beam of the hydraulic support (12).

9. A dust control method using an intelligent dust control system based on airflow vibration at a fully mechanized mining face as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Under normal circumstances, the airflow vibration sensor (13) transmits the airflow vibration signal to the main control box (15), and the main control box (15) sends a command to the sub-control box (14) to start and stop the dust collector (16). In an emergency, the airflow vibration sensor (13) is set with an airflow vibration limit. When the value measured by the airflow vibration sensor (13) exceeds this limit, the main control box (15) will automatically command the sub-control box (14) of the over-limit area to turn on the corresponding dust collector (16); when the value measured in the over-limit area is lower than the limit, the main control box (15) will automatically command the sub-control box (14) of the over-limit area to turn off the corresponding dust collector (16). Multiple dust collectors (16) can be opened simultaneously; under normal circumstances, at least two dust collectors (16) should be opened near the upper and lower drums of the coal mining machine, and at least four dust collectors (16) should be opened at the body of the coal mining machine; in an emergency, any position can be opened.

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