Cooperative control method and system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometric detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooperative control method and system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the scanning analysis of a first standard degassing circulation process through a mass spectrometer, recording all data of the first degassing, and matching the data with historical data in a database; obtaining a cycle index n; and a second round of degassing circulation process: executing n times according to the first standard degassing circulation process, and after the degassing is completed, carrying out one-time mass spectrometric detection to obtain the detection concentration so as to complete the detection. According to the method, the database is constructed, the cycle index is quickly matched from the database according to the data measured by the first cycle degassing, and the optimal degassing cycle index can be obtained through the detection data according to the actual working condition, so that the degassing rate is remarkably improved, and the degassing efficiency is improved. The overall efficiency and the resource utilization rate of the degassing process are effectively improved, collaborative optimization between the degassing quality and the energy efficiency is achieved, and a reliable technical path is provided for intelligent control and systematic upgrading of the degassing technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer safety monitoring technology, specifically a method and system for the coordinated control of dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection. Background Technology

[0002] Transformer oil is a critical insulating and cooling medium in power systems. Its dielectric properties and thermal stability directly determine the insulation strength and service life of the transformer. If partial discharge or overheating occurs inside oil-filled equipment, it will cause the insulating oil to decompose, producing characteristic gases including hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and carbon oxides. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of these gases can accurately diagnose the insulation condition and provide early warning of faults.

[0003] However, the currently widely adopted fixed-laboratory testing model has significant limitations. With the continuous increase in the number of operational devices, the testing capacity of fixed laboratories is struggling to cope with the concentrated workload during peak daily and seasonal electricity consumption periods, leading to further extensions in testing cycles. Furthermore, samples are susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and vibration during transportation, causing oil oxidation and changes in gas composition, thus affecting the accuracy of analytical results. This model also cannot meet the needs for rapid diagnosis of sudden malfunctions; the delay from sampling to obtaining results may delay the optimal time for emergency response.

[0004] To achieve online monitoring and real-time diagnosis of dissolved gases in insulating oil, it is essential to effectively improve detection efficiency. While current mainstream chromatographic analysis methods can detect seven characteristic gases, a single analysis takes approximately 30 minutes, which is insufficient to meet the real-time requirements of online monitoring. In contrast, mass spectrometry offers a shorter analysis cycle and significantly faster detection speed than chromatography. Furthermore, current vacuum degassing procedures employ fixed degassing times, resulting in insufficient degassing for samples with high gas content and low efficiency for samples with low gas content. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault gas detection in insulating oil.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: A synergistic control method for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection includes the following steps: The first standard degassing cycle procedure is as follows: First, a negative pressure operation is performed. The valves of the dynamic degassing and purging unit and pipeline are slowly opened. Under motor control, the motor moves downward, increasing the internal cavity volume and thus reducing the pressure. Simultaneously, nitrogen gas enters from the bottom to purge, ensuring that the gas in the sample is fully removed. Subsequently, the removed gas mixture is sent into a cold trap under piston drive to remove gaseous insulating oil and water vapor entrained in the gas. The purified dry gas is stably introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit for scanning and analysis by the mass spectrometer, and the gas concentration of the first degassing is recorded. Record the degassing conditions under the current testing environment and the temperature measured after the first ventilation. Pressure value before the first ventilation Pressure value measured after the first ventilation and the total gas volume detected in the first test Match the data with historical data in the database; obtain the loop count n; Second round of degassing cycle: Execute the first standard degassing cycle n times, until completion. After degassing, a mass spectrometry analysis was performed to obtain the detection concentration. The test is now complete.

[0007] Furthermore, if no similar oil sample is found in the database, a standard step-by-step testing procedure is executed until a sample is detected. Then stop the detection, record the loop count n, and update the database to store the detection data.

[0008] Furthermore, the process includes a verification step, which involves performing a standard degassing cycle again after the initial detection and then using a mass spectrometry detection unit to obtain the detection concentration. ,calculate ,like If degassing is complete, the test is considered finished; otherwise... Then Based on the initial degassing and testing results, a second round of degassing cycle is executed.

[0009] Furthermore, the method for matching with historical data in the database is to calculate the parameter values ​​of the current oil sample to be tested. The degree of matching with the data in the database, if it exists , , , , If the new oil sample is similar to the oil sample with sample number k, then the Euclidean distance is calculated. If multiple oil samples in the database satisfy the above conditions with the new oil sample, then the Euclidean distance is calculated.

[0010] Select the set of oil samples that are closest in the database, i.e., select... The smallest corresponding oil sample number is used as the similar oil sample.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for establishing the database is as follows: A. Data Recording: The mass spectrometry detection unit can detect the first step of each detection. Concentration of the gas By using a dynamic degassing and purging unit, after each round trip of gas flow, the gas is introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit, allowing the concentration of the gas detected after each gas flow to be obtained. The total gas volume detected each time is obtained by acquiring the pressure value before detection through the pressure sensor in the dynamic degassing and purging unit. and pressure value after testing Temperature sensor acquires detected temperature and the distance of rise and fall of the insulating oil level. It was learned that: ,in The distance between the insulating oil level and the top of the dynamic degassing and purging unit before detection is given; thus, the total gas volume for each detection is obtained. Temperature is detected by a temperature sensor after each ventilation cycle. The pressure value before detection is obtained through a pressure sensor. and pressure value after testing When detection Then stop the detection and record the loop count n; B, the Calculation of the total detected concentration of the gases: The concentration of the gas detected after each ventilation was obtained through data recording. ; and the total gas volume detected each time is The mass of dissolved gas is calculated by summation: ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas The gas constant is given; the standard density formula can be derived based on the ideal gas law and standard molar mass. ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas The gas constant is The standard temperature is given; the masses of the gases with different components are known. The total gas volume at standard temperature and standard pressure can be calculated using the ideal gas law. Then calculate the first Concentration of a gas at standard temperature and standard pressure ; C, the Calculation of the concentration of the gas in insulating oil: Based on the information regarding solubility coefficients in the standard, the solubility coefficients of different characteristic gases can be obtained from tables. Therefore, the solubility of different dissolved gases in insulating oil can be calculated: ,That To determine the test volume of the insulating oil sample, It is the total volume of all component gases, due to the solubility coefficient in the standard. The test is conducted at 70℃, so the gas volume needs to be measured. and detection of insulating oil sample volume Gas volume after temperature and pressure correction Corrected insulating oil volume ;in The temperature recorded by the system during the detection. The pressure to be detected; the comprehensive calculation formula is as follows:

[0012] The temperature, pressure before each ventilation test, pressure after each ventilation test, gas concentration, total gas volume, number of degassing tests, and corresponding oil sample numbers are stored in the database after each ventilation test.

[0013] This invention also provides a coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection, including an oil inlet passage, an oil return passage, a dynamic degassing and purging unit, and a detection passage. The oil inlet passage is connected in series with a first solenoid valve, a filter unit, a second solenoid valve, a metering tank, and a sixth solenoid valve, arranged sequentially in the direction of oil sample flow. The outlet of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the Tongtai degassing and purging unit. The oil return passage includes a fifth solenoid valve, a waste oil tank, a third solenoid valve, an oil pump, a fourth solenoid valve, and a filter unit, arranged in series from the outlet of the metering tank. A seventh solenoid valve is also connected between the waste oil tank and the inlet of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The detection passage includes a ninth solenoid valve, a cold trap, a tenth solenoid valve, a mass spectrometry detection unit, and an eleventh solenoid valve, arranged in series from the exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit is also connected to the eleventh solenoid valve via a vacuum pump. The dynamic degassing and purging unit is a syringe, with inert gas introduced into the bottom and an oil inlet and an exhaust outlet at the top.

[0014] Furthermore, the piston valve of the syringe has multiple gas diffusion ports; the gas diffusion ports are connected to an inert gas pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, a thermometer and a pressure gauge are mounted on the top of the syringe.

[0016] The advantages of this invention are: This invention constructs a database and rapidly matches the number of cycles from the data measured during the first degassing cycle. Based on actual operating conditions and the measured data, this invention can determine the optimal number of degassing cycles, thereby significantly improving the degassing rate while effectively enhancing the overall efficiency and resource utilization of the degassing process. It achieves synergistic optimization between degassing quality and energy efficiency, providing a reliable technical path for the intelligent control and systematic upgrading of degassing processes. In particular, the addition of a verification step further ensures the completeness of degassing. This invention employs mass spectrometry for single-component detection, replacing traditional chromatographic analysis methods, drastically reducing the analysis cycle from 30 minutes to less than 1 minute, achieving an order-of-magnitude increase in analytical throughput. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a gas path diagram of the coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic degassing and purging unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cold trap structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment provides a coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection, including an oil inlet path, an oil return path, a dynamic degassing and purging unit, and a detection path. The oil inlet path consists of a first solenoid valve, a filter unit, a second solenoid valve, a metering tank, and a sixth solenoid valve connected in series according to the oil sample flow direction. The outlet of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the Tongtai degassing and purging unit. The oil return path includes a fifth solenoid valve, a waste oil tank, a third solenoid valve, an oil pump, a fourth solenoid valve, and a filter unit connected in series from the outlet of the metering tank. A seventh solenoid valve is also connected between the waste oil tank and the inlet of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The detection path includes a ninth solenoid valve, a cold trap, a tenth solenoid valve, a mass spectrometry detection unit, and an eleventh solenoid valve connected in series from the exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit is also connected to the eleventh solenoid valve via a vacuum pump. The dynamic degassing and purging unit is a syringe, which is placed vertically and includes a piston cylinder 3, a piston 2, and a drive rod 5. The drive rod 5 drives the piston 2 to move up and down, thereby changing the internal volume of the piston cylinder 3. The drive rod 5 has an inert gas venting channel, and multiple gas diffusers are opened on the piston. The inert gas is introduced into the piston cylinder through the gas diffusers. An oil sample is injected into the piston cylinder, and the inert gas enters from the bottom of the oil sample, which can slightly foam, thereby promoting the removal of gas from the oil sample. An oil inlet and an exhaust port are opened at the top of the piston cylinder, and a thermometer and a pressure gauge are installed at the top of the piston cylinder.

[0020] The cold trap in this embodiment includes a refrigeration tank 3, a spiral tube 1, a coolant 2, and a steel ball 4. The refrigeration tank includes two cavities, an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The spiral tube 1 and the steel ball 4 are located in the upper cavity and the lower cavity, respectively. The upper cavity is also filled with coolant. The top of the spiral tube is an air inlet and the bottom is an air outlet, which extends into the lower cavity. The bottom of the lower cavity has an air outlet, which is connected to the tenth solenoid valve through a pipeline.

[0021] Example 2 Based on the system of Example 1, this example describes in detail the method for detecting degassing of insulating oil, as follows: 1. Testing Plan: (1) Pre-test preparation Open the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, and the first solenoid valve 1 to start the vacuum pump and draw the oil inlet line into a vacuum. Close the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, and turn off the vacuum pump.

[0022] Open the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh solenoid valves. The first solenoid valve 1 activates the vacuum pump to draw the return oil line into a vacuum. Close the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh solenoid valves and turn off the vacuum pump.

[0023] (2) Oil sample Open the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth solenoid valves to allow the insulating oil to undergo preliminary filtration through the filtration unit, ensuring that there are no solid impurities in the insulating oil. Then, take a measured amount of insulating oil through the metering container. Close the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth solenoid valves and open the sixth solenoid valve to activate the dynamic degassing and purging unit (e.g., Figure 2 The device features a piston structure, with a motor driving the bottom piston downwards to collect oil. The filtered insulating oil is then introduced into the dynamic degassing and purging unit. Simultaneously, an oil pump pumps insulating oil from the waste oil tank pipeline through the return port to fill the insulation equipment. After the sample is injected, all solenoid valves are closed, and the insulating oil sample is allowed to stand in the dynamic degassing and purging unit for 5 minutes to allow the sample to stabilize.

[0024] (3) Detection Open the eighth solenoid valve and close the remaining solenoid valves. Drive the motor to move the piston downwards, performing negative pressure degassing on the dynamic degassing and purging unit. After moving to the calibrated distance, fix it. Nitrogen gas enters from the facilitated diffusion hole at the bottom of the degassing unit to purge the oil from inside, carrying out the dissolved gas. The gas intake needs to be controlled to maintain an absolute pressure P0 inside the dynamic degassing and purging unit. After purging, open the ninth, tenth, and eleventh solenoid valves and close the remaining solenoid valves. Start the mass spectrometry detection unit, driving the piston at the bottom of the degassing unit upwards to pass the degassed gas into the cold trap, causing water vapor and gaseous insulating oil to condense and liquefy and be released, eliminating the interference of trace amounts of water vapor and gaseous insulating oil on the dissolved gas detection results. Detect the deoiled and dehydrated insulating oil gas through the mass spectrometry detection unit.

[0025] To improve the detection rate, the gas is first degassed once, and then the degassed gas is deoiled and dehydrated before being introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit for initial detection. Based on the initial detection results, combined with the degassed temperature and degassed pressure of the reciprocating vacuum degassed process, an adaptive algorithm is called to select an appropriate number of cycles of vacuum degassed, and then the gas enters the second stage of vacuum degassed. The degassed gas is then deoiled and dehydrated before being introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit for secondary detection to obtain the final detection results.

[0026] 2. Adaptive Algorithm Scheme: The specific steps are as follows: 1) Initial state record Before commencing any degassing operation, a complete system preparation and initial state verification must be performed. The entire process begins with system initialization and leak detection: First, all valves in the dynamic degassing purging unit are closed, and the vacuum pump is started to evacuate the mass spectrometer detection unit, gas delivery lines, and cold trap until the system's background vacuum reaches the predetermined high standard. A pressure holding test is then performed to rigorously confirm that the entire system is leak-free. After ensuring the system's airtightness, the solenoid valve is opened to safely introduce the sample to be tested into the dynamic degassing purging unit. Next, the temperature and pressure sensors are started and calibrated. Once the system has fully stabilized, the initial temperature within the dynamic degassing purging unit is officially recorded.

[0027] 2) Dynamic purging negative pressure degassing and gas collection After completing system preparation and recording initial conditions, the program enters the core reciprocating dynamic negative pressure degassing and gas collection stage. This stage will execute the same degassing process once in a cycle. Each cycle includes the complete process of extracting gas from the sample, purifying it, and completing component analysis. Specifically, the negative pressure operation is performed first: the valves of the dynamic degassing purging unit and pipeline are slowly opened, and the motor is driven to move downward under the control of the motor to increase the internal cavity volume and thus reduce the pressure. At the same time, nitrogen enters from the bottom to purge, ensuring that the gas in the sample is fully removed. Subsequently, the removed gas mixture is sent into the cold trap under the piston drive. The cold trap effectively condenses and removes the gaseous insulating oil and water vapor entrained in the gas through its low-temperature working environment. The specific implementation steps are: (1) turn on the temperature air device to lower the temperature in the cold trap combination tank to the set temperature and wait for it to stabilize. (2) Gas is introduced from the top of the tank. The first tank is filled with coolant. The gas is initially cooled in the coolant through the spiral tube and slowly introduced into the second tank. (3) The interior of the No. 2 tank is divided into multiple layers by a buffer membrane, each layer containing small steel balls. The buffer membrane slows down the gas flow rate, and the low-temperature steel balls quickly cool the gas, causing the gaseous insulating oil and water vapor to liquefy rapidly. The gas enters from the top of the tank, slowly passes through multiple cooling layers, and is discharged from the bottom outlet of the tank. (4) After the test is completed, the temperature controller temperature is increased to allow the liquid to re-vaporize and be discharged. This achieves the purification of the gas by removing oil and water. The purified dry gas is stably introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit, where it is scanned and analyzed by the mass spectrometer to accurately identify the various components in the gas and quantitatively detect their concentration in this cycle. Finally, all gas components identified in this cycle and the measured concentrations of each component are obtained. All of these will be fully recorded, and then the system will be reset to prepare for the next identical loop.

[0028] ④ Calculation of dissolved gas concentration in insulating oil Algorithm for calculating dissolved gas concentration in insulating oil: A. Data Recording: The mass spectrometry detection unit can detect the first step of each detection. Concentration of the gas By using a dynamic degassing and purging unit, after each round trip of gas flow, the gas is introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit, allowing the concentration of the gas detected after each gas flow to be obtained. The total gas volume detected each time can be obtained from the pressure sensor in the dynamic degassing and purging unit by acquiring the pressure value before detection. and pressure value after testing Temperature sensor acquires detected temperature and the distance of rise and fall of the insulating oil level. It was learned that: ,in This represents the distance between the insulating oil level and the top of the dynamic degassing and purging unit before testing. This allows us to obtain the total gas volume for each test. The temperature is detected by a temperature sensor after each ventilation cycle. The pressure value before detection is obtained through a pressure sensor. and pressure value after testing When detected Then stop the detection and record the number of loops n.

[0029] B, the Calculation of the total detected concentration of the gases: The concentration of the gas detected after each ventilation was obtained through data recording. The total gas volume detected each time is... The mass of dissolved gas is calculated by summation: ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas Let be the gas constant. Based on the ideal gas law and standard molar mass, the standard density formula can be derived: ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas The gas constant is The standard temperature is given. The masses of the gases with different components are known. The total gas volume at standard temperature and standard pressure can be calculated using the ideal gas law: Then calculate the first Concentration of a gas at standard temperature and standard pressure .

[0030] C, the Calculation of the concentration of the gas in insulating oil: According to the content on solubility coefficient in standard GB / T 17623-2017 "Determination of Dissolved Gas Components in Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography", the solubility coefficients of different characteristic gases can be obtained by referring to the table. Therefore, the solubility of different dissolved gases in insulating oil can be calculated: ,That To determine the test volume of the insulating oil sample, It is the total volume of each component gas (that is, in (2)). Due to the solubility coefficient in the standard. The test is conducted at 70℃, so a gas volume of [missing information] is required. and detection of insulating oil sample volume Gas volume after temperature and pressure correction Corrected insulating oil volume .in The temperature recorded by the system during the detection. The pressure to be detected (i.e., in (2)) The comprehensive calculation formula is as follows:

[0031] 3. Establishment of self-learning database The results of data recording in step ④ of section 2 are stored in the database, recording data such as pressure, temperature, and initial concentration of each oil sample tested, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Data Structure in Database

[0032] The meanings of the parameters in the table above are as follows: Temperature was measured after each ventilation cycle, with the superscript indicating the temperature. The oil sample was numbered as follows Number of degassing cycles, subscript Number the oil samples; there are a total of Group of oil samples; The pressure value is the value measured before each ventilation, where the superscript is... The oil sample was numbered as follows Number of degassing cycles, subscript Number the oil samples; there are a total of Group of oil samples, with subscript 1 indicating the sample before testing after ventilation; The pressure value is the value measured before each ventilation, where the superscript is... The oil sample is numbered as follows Number of degassing cycles, subscript Number the oil samples; there are a total of Group of oil samples, subscript 2 indicates the test results after aeration; … … The concentrations of the gases (7 types) were measured after each ventilation cycle, with the superscript indicating the concentration of each gas. The oil sample is numbered as follows Number of degassing cycles, subscript Number the oil samples; there are a total of Groups of oil samples, with subscripts 1, 2, ..., i, ..., 7 representing different types of gases; This represents the total gas volume detected each time, where the superscript indicates the total volume. The oil sample is numbered as follows Number of degassing cycles, subscript Number the oil samples; there are a total of Group of oil samples.

[0033] 4. Implementation plan for self-learning algorithm When a new oil sample is tested again, the system performs the following steps: 1) Initial degassing and testing Perform one standard degassing cycle and record the gas concentration after the first degassing. Record the degassing conditions under the current testing environment, and measure the temperature after the first ventilation. Pressure value before the first ventilation Pressure value measured after the first ventilation The total gas volume detected in the first test It matches the data with historical data in the database.

[0034] 2) Determine whether to retrieve historical data. A. If no similar oil sample is found in the database, the standard step-by-step testing procedure will be executed until a sample is found. Then stop the detection, record the loop count n, and update the database to store the detection data.

[0035] B. If a similar oil sample exists in the database, then the optimal number of degassing cycles for that oil sample will be used. Execute directly Secondary degassing, without intermediate mass spectrometry detection unit, to be completed. After degassing, a mass spectrometry analysis was performed to obtain the detection concentration. Then, the verification process is carried out, specifically by performing one more standard degassing cycle and obtaining the detection concentration using a mass spectrometry detection unit. ,calculate ,like If degassing is complete, the test is considered finished; otherwise... Then As the initial degassing and testing results, they are matched with historical data in the database, i.e., repeating 1) initial degassing and testing and 2) determining whether to retrieve historical data. The data for that oil sample in the database is then updated.

[0036] One method for determining whether an oil sample is similar is: Calculate the parameter values ​​of the new oil sample. The degree of matching with the data in the database, if it exists , , , , If the new oil sample is similar to the oil sample with sample number k, then the Euclidean distance is calculated. If multiple oil samples in the database satisfy the above conditions with the new oil sample, then the Euclidean distance is calculated.

[0037] Select the set of oil samples that are closest in the database, i.e., select... The smallest corresponding oil sample number is used as the similar oil sample.

[0038] 3) Self-learning prediction algorithm scheme Based on the establishment and updating of the self-learning database, when the number of oil sample groups in the database... Then, parameters from all historical data are used. Train the regression prediction model, where: , Predictive models, including but not limited to linear regression, decision trees, or neural networks, are used to predict the optimal number of degassing cycles for new oil samples. This is the minimum number of oil sample groups required for the initial training of the self-learning prediction model in the system. Once the self-learning database has been updated to a certain data volume, i.e., the number of newly stored oil sample groups exceeds a certain threshold... Then, the system automatically retrains the regression prediction model using all the historical data.

[0039] Once the model in the self-learning prediction algorithm is established, if no similar oil samples are found in the historical data, the standard step-by-step detection process is no longer executed; that is, step A in step 2) (determining whether to call historical data) is no longer executed. Instead, the optimal number of degassing cycles, n, is predicted by the model in the self-learning prediction algorithm. Then, a verification step is performed, similar to the verification step B in step 2) (determining whether to call historical data). Specifically, the standard degassing cycle is performed again, and the detection concentration is obtained through mass spectrometry. ,calculate ,like If degassing is complete, the test is considered finished; otherwise... Then As the initial degassing and testing result, it is matched with historical data in the database. That is, 1) initial degassing and testing and 2) determining whether to call historical data are repeated. If the result of determining whether to call historical data in 2) is that there is no similar oil sample in the database, the model in the self-learning prediction algorithm scheme is used to predict the optimal number of degassing cycles. After degassing is completed, the oil sample data in the database is updated.

[0040] This embodiment employs mass spectrometry for single-component mass spectrometry detection, replacing traditional chromatographic analysis methods. This significantly reduces the analysis cycle from 30 minutes to less than 1 minute, resulting in an order-of-magnitude increase in analytical throughput. Furthermore, the system collects and integrates multi-source data in real time during the degassing process, including temperature, pressure, gas composition, and concentration changes of each component after multiple cycles of negative pressure degassing. Weighted calculations based on multi-component detection results determine the solubility in the insulating oil. Through dynamic negative pressure purging, the device can determine the optimal number of degassing cycles based on actual operating conditions and detection data. This significantly improves the degassing rate while effectively enhancing the overall efficiency and resource utilization of the degassing process, achieving synergistic optimization between degassing quality and energy efficiency. This provides a reliable technical path for the intelligent control and systematic upgrading of the degassing process.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synergistic control of dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first standard degassing cycle procedure is as follows: First, a negative pressure operation is performed. The valves of the dynamic degassing and purging unit and pipeline are slowly opened. Under motor control, the motor moves downward, increasing the internal cavity volume and thus reducing the pressure. Simultaneously, nitrogen gas enters from the bottom to purge, ensuring that the gas in the sample is fully removed. Subsequently, the removed gas mixture is sent into a cold trap under piston drive to remove gaseous insulating oil and water vapor entrained in the gas. The purified dry gas is stably introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit for scanning and analysis by the mass spectrometer, and the gas concentration of the first degassing is recorded. Record the degassing conditions under the current testing environment and the temperature measured after the first ventilation. Pressure value before the first ventilation Pressure value after the first ventilation and the total gas volume detected in the first test Match the data with historical data in the database; obtain the loop count n; Second round of degassing cycle: Execute the first standard degassing cycle n times, until completion. After degassing, a mass spectrometry analysis was performed to obtain the detection concentration. The test is now complete.

2. The synergistic control method for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, If no similar oil sample is found in the database, the standard step-by-step testing procedure is executed until a sample is detected. Then stop the detection, record the loop count n, and update the database to store the detection data.

3. The synergistic control method for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a verification step, which involves performing a standard degassing cycle again after the initial detection and obtaining the detection concentration using a mass spectrometry detection unit. ,calculate ,like If degassing is complete, the test is considered finished; otherwise... Then Based on the initial degassing and testing results, a second round of degassing cycle is executed.

4. The synergistic control method for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for matching with historical data in the database is as follows: calculate the parameter values ​​of the current oil sample to be tested. The degree of matching with the data in the database, if it exists , , , , If the new oil sample is similar to the oil sample with sample number k, then the Euclidean distance is calculated. If multiple oil samples in the database satisfy the above conditions with the new oil sample, then the Euclidean distance is calculated. Select the set of oil samples that are closest in the database, i.e., select... The smallest corresponding oil sample number is used as the similar oil sample.

5. The synergistic control method for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The database is established as follows: A. Data Recording: The mass spectrometry detection unit can detect the first step of each detection. Concentration of the gas By using a dynamic degassing and purging unit, after each round trip of gas flow, the gas is introduced into the mass spectrometry detection unit, allowing the concentration of the gas detected after each gas flow to be obtained. The total gas volume detected each time is obtained by acquiring the pressure value before detection through the pressure sensor in the dynamic degassing and purging unit. and pressure value after testing Temperature sensor acquires detected temperature and the distance of rise and fall of the insulating oil level It was learned that: ,in The distance between the insulating oil level and the top of the dynamic degassing and purging unit before detection is given; thus, the total gas volume for each detection is obtained. ; Temperature is detected by a temperature sensor after each ventilation cycle. The pressure value before detection is obtained through a pressure sensor. and pressure value after testing When detection Then stop the detection and record the loop count n; B, the Calculation of the total detected concentration of the gases: The concentration of the gas detected after each ventilation was obtained through data recording. ; The total gas volume detected each time is The mass of dissolved gas is calculated by summation: ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas The gas constant is used; the standard density formula can be derived based on the ideal gas law and standard molar mass. ,in Standard atmospheric pressure For the first The molar mass of the gas The gas constant is The standard temperature is given; the masses of the gases with different components are known. The total gas volume at standard temperature and standard pressure can be calculated using the ideal gas law. Then calculate the first Concentration of a gas at standard temperature and standard pressure ; C, the Calculation of the concentration of the gas in insulating oil: Based on the information regarding solubility coefficients in the standard, the solubility coefficients of different characteristic gases can be obtained from tables. Therefore, the solubility of different dissolved gases in insulating oil can be calculated: ,That To determine the test volume of the insulating oil sample, It is the total volume of all component gases, due to the solubility coefficient in the standard. The test is conducted at 70℃, so the gas volume needs to be measured. and detection of insulating oil sample volume Gas volume after temperature and pressure correction Corrected insulating oil volume ;in The temperature recorded by the system during the detection. The pressure to be detected; the comprehensive calculation formula is as follows: The temperature, pressure before each ventilation test, pressure after each ventilation test, gas concentration, total gas volume, number of degassing tests, and corresponding oil sample numbers are stored in the database after each ventilation test.

6. A coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection, characterized in that, The system includes an oil inlet passage, an oil return passage, a dynamic degassing and purging unit, and a detection passage. The oil inlet passage is connected in series, in the direction of oil sample flow, with a first solenoid valve, a filter unit, a second solenoid valve, a metering tank, and a sixth solenoid valve. The outlet of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the Tongtai degassing and purging unit. The oil return passage includes, in series, a fifth solenoid valve, a waste oil tank, a third solenoid valve, an oil pump, a fourth solenoid valve, and a filter unit, starting from the outlet of the metering tank. A seventh solenoid valve is also connected between the waste oil tank and the inlet of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The detection passage includes, in series, a ninth solenoid valve, a cold trap, a tenth solenoid valve, a mass spectrometry detection unit, and an eleventh solenoid valve, starting from the exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit. The exhaust port of the dynamic degassing and purging unit is also connected to the eleventh solenoid valve via a vacuum pump. The dynamic degassing and purging unit is a syringe, with inert gas introduced into the bottom and an oil inlet and an exhaust outlet at the top.

7. The coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The syringe piston valve has multiple gas diffusion ports; the gas diffusion ports are connected to an inert gas pipeline.

8. The coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The syringe is equipped with a thermometer and a pressure gauge on its top.

9. The coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inert gas is nitrogen.

10. The coordinated control system for dynamic negative pressure degassing and mass spectrometry detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cold trap includes a refrigeration tank, a spiral tube, coolant, and steel balls. The refrigeration tank includes two chambers, an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The spiral tube and steel balls are located in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, respectively. The upper chamber is filled with coolant. The top of the spiral tube is an air inlet and the bottom is an air outlet, extending into the lower chamber. The bottom of the lower chamber has an air outlet, which is connected to the tenth solenoid valve through a pipeline.

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