Normal-pressure oil seal type non-closed phase change immersion cooling system and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of phase change cooling, and particularly relates to a normal-pressure oil seal type non-closed phase change immersion cooling system and a using method thereof.The normal-pressure oil seal type non-closed phase change immersion cooling system comprises a cooling box and a gas collecting hood, the gas collecting hood is arranged in the cooling box, and a heating part is arranged in the gas collecting hood; one end of the condenser is communicated with the gas-collecting hood, and the other end is communicated with the cooling box; the area, located outside the gas collecting hood, of the cooling box is filled with a liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b, the liquid phase change cooling medium a is located on the lower layer, and the covering oil b is located on the upper layer; the gas collecting hood is filled with a liquid phase change cooling medium a, the lower portion of the gas collecting hood is communicated with the cooling box through the second opening, and the normal-pressure oil seal type non-closed phase change immersion cooling system is stable and reliable in cooling and heat dissipation effect, low in phase change cooling medium filling amount and volatilization loss amount and good in economical efficiency and practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of phase change cooling technology, and specifically relates to an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system and its usage method, particularly to an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system suitable for data centers and battery cooling and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology and new energy technology, the demand for thermal management of data centers and battery systems continues to grow. Traditional air-cooling methods are increasingly facing technical bottlenecks when dealing with high power density and high heat flux density servers and battery modules. Firstly, the heat transfer coefficient of air cooling is much lower than that of liquid cooling media, especially in areas with concentrated localized heat generation, making efficient heat transfer difficult and easily leading to hotspot formation, thus affecting the stable operation and lifespan of the equipment. Secondly, to maintain equipment within a safe temperature range, air-cooling systems typically rely on a large number of high-speed fans and auxiliary ventilation ducts, which not only increases system complexity and manufacturing costs but also significantly increases power consumption, conflicting with current energy conservation and carbon reduction trends.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, novel and highly efficient heat dissipation technologies based on phase-change immersion cooling have emerged in recent years, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system typically consists of a sealed enclosure, cooling coil A, and an immersion chamber housing the server motherboard B. This heat dissipation technology utilizes the latent heat of vaporization of the cooling medium to achieve efficient heat removal. However, this type of system still has the following technical drawbacks: 1. Insufficient sealing reliability: In order to avoid a large amount of leakage after the cooling medium vaporizes, the system needs to maintain high airtightness. However, after long-term operation and multiple maintenance, the sealing parts are prone to leakage. Once the seal fails, the system will quickly lose its cooling function. 2. Complex maintenance operations: Due to the need to maintain a sealed environment, the replacement and repair of servers or batteries require cumbersome steps such as unsealing, resealing, and airtightness testing. The maintenance cycle is long and the cost is high, resulting in poor maintainability. 3. Potential Safety Hazards: During the phase change process, the internal gas-liquid balance of the system is affected by fluctuations in heat load, which may generate instantaneous high pressure, threatening the strength of the enclosure and the safety of the system. Especially when replacing critical components such as the motherboard or battery, the entire heat exchange cycle must be stopped, which not only affects the continuous operation of the system but may also cause thermal shock damage to the equipment.

[0004] To address this, those skilled in the art have proposed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling systems that avoid the use of sealed enclosures, such as the applicant's earlier patent application with publication number CN 119212322 A. This open phase change immersion cooling technology places the liquid phase change cooling medium and the heating element in an open cooling box. A gas collection device is installed at the top of the cooling box to collect the gaseous phase change cooling medium. The gaseous phase change cooling medium is then condensed back into liquid through a heat exchanger and returned to the cooling box. In this way, the latent heat of vaporization of the phase change cooling medium is used to remove heat from the heating element, while allowing the heating element to be disassembled and repaired without shutting down the cooling system. This open phase change immersion cooling technology avoids the use of sealed enclosures, simplifies maintenance operations, and has high operational safety. However, this open phase change immersion cooling technology also introduces problems such as large phase change cooling medium charge and large evaporation loss, therefore, its economic efficiency and practicality are still not ideal. In view of this, the present invention provides an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system and its usage method, so as to reduce the amount of phase change cooling working fluid charged and the amount of volatilization loss while ensuring the stable and reliable cooling and heat dissipation effect of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system and its usage method, so as to reduce the amount of phase change cooling working fluid charged and the amount of volatilization loss while ensuring the stable and reliable cooling and heat dissipation effect of the system, thereby improving the economy and practicality of open phase change immersion cooling technology.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system, comprising: A cooling box, with a first opening at its top; A gas collecting hood is provided with a second opening at its lower part. The gas collecting hood is installed inside the cooling box, and the heating component is installed inside the gas collecting hood. The condenser has one end connected to the top of the gas collection shroud and the other end connected to the cooling box; The cooling box is located in the area outside the gas collection hood and is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b. The liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b are immiscible. In the cooling box, the phase change cooling medium layer formed by the liquid phase change cooling medium a is located in the lower layer, and the oil seal layer formed by the covering oil b is located in the upper layer. The gas collection hood is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a, at least a portion of the heating components are immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a, and the lower part of the gas collection hood is connected to the cooling box through the second opening to ensure that the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the cooling box can flow into the gas collection hood; During the cooling and heat dissipation process, the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the gas collection hood is heated and vaporized to produce gaseous phase change cooling medium c, which enters the condenser. In the condenser, it is condensed into liquid phase change cooling medium a and flows back into the cooling box. Then it enters the gas collection hood again to cool and dissipate heat from the heat-generating components.

[0007] Furthermore, during use, the air pressure inside the gas collecting hood is adjusted so that the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting hood is higher than the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collecting hood.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating element is completely immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a within the gas collection hood.

[0009] Furthermore, during use, the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collection hood is maintained above the height of the second opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the condenser is disposed on the upper inner side of the gas collection shroud; Alternatively, the condenser may be located outside the gas collection hood and connected to the top of the gas collection hood via a pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a first conveying pipe is provided at the phase change medium inlet of the condenser, and a second conveying pipe is provided at the phase change medium outlet of the condenser; The inlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the top of the gas collecting hood, and the outlet is connected to the phase change medium inlet of the condenser; The inlet of the second delivery pipe is connected to the phase change medium outlet in the condenser, and the outlet is connected to the cooling box.

[0012] Furthermore, the outlet of the second delivery pipe is inserted below the liquid surface of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood.

[0013] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system also includes: A vacuum pump, which is installed on the pipe between the condenser and the gas collection hood, is used to evacuate the condenser before the system starts operating.

[0014] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system also includes: A first control valve is installed on the first delivery pipeline; A second control valve is installed at the vacuum pump's extraction port; And a third control valve installed on the second delivery pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, a bracket is provided on the lower side of the heating element, which suspends the lower part of the heating element.

[0016] A method of using an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system, the method comprising: First, assemble and connect the components of the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system according to the set method; Then, liquid phase change cooling medium a is injected into the cooling tank. Liquid phase change cooling medium a in the cooling tank will enter the gas collection hood through the second opening. After that, covering oil b is injected into the cooling tank. As the outer covering oil b is continuously injected, the liquid level of liquid phase change cooling medium a located inside the gas collection hood will be higher than the liquid level of liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood and will continue to rise. After the covering oil b is filled, open the first, second, and third control valves, start the vacuum pump, and evacuate the condenser in the system. When the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a exceeds the first and third control valves, close the first and third control valves. The vacuum pump continues to run, extracting the air from the condenser pipe between the first and third control valves. Once the required vacuum level is reached, close the second control valve and the vacuum pump, and open the first and third control valves. At this time, under the action of negative pressure, the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting hood will be drawn into the entire condenser pipe. During the subsequent cooling and heat exchange process, the bubbles generated by the heated liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting hood will gradually occupy the internal space of the condenser pipe, thereby draining the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the condenser pipe back into the cooling box. In subsequent use, adjust the gas pressure inside the gas collecting hood to adjust the liquid level height inside the gas collecting hood, so that the heating component is at least partially immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. In the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system of the present invention, a small space is formed by the gas collection hood to accommodate the liquid phase change cooling medium a and the heating component, and the heating component is immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the gas collection hood. In this way, the liquid phase change cooling medium a can form a fully enclosed immersion cooling effect on the heating component, effectively ensuring the heat dissipation and cooling efficiency of the heating component.

[0018] 2. The present invention forms a large space through the cooling box to accommodate the gas collection shroud, the heating component, the liquid phase change cooling medium a, and the covering oil b. At the same time, it realizes the connection between the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system and the external atmosphere, making the phase change immersion cooling system of the present invention an open atmospheric pressure system. In this way, the computer motherboard or power battery can be disassembled and assembled without shutting down the system, simplifying the operation process, improving the operation and maintenance efficiency, enhancing the system's safety and maintainability, and greatly reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0019] 3. Furthermore, since the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting hood is higher than that outside the gas collecting hood, only a small amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a needs to be filled in the area of ​​the cooling tank located outside the gas collecting hood. This reduces the total amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collecting hood, thereby reducing the total amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a charged in the system. 4. The present invention also adds a covering oil b to the area of ​​the cooling tank located outside the gas collecting hood. At this time, the high boiling point and good thermal conductivity of the upper covering oil b can provide good isolation, protection, and cooling for the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collecting hood, greatly reducing its evaporation loss due to heat. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing closed-loop phase change immersion cooling system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system described in this invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Support; 2. Heating component; 3. Valve; 4. Condenser; 5. Vacuum pump; 6. Cooling box; 601. First opening; 7. Gas collection hood; 701. Second opening; 702. Upper space; 801. First conveying pipe; 802. Second conveying pipe; a. Liquid phase change cooling medium; b. Covering oil; c. Gas phase change cooling medium. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0023] It should be noted that in the specification and claims of this application, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. In the description of this application, directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right," "horizontal, vertical, horizontal," and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0025] An atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: Cooling box 6, with a first opening 601 at its upper part; A gas collecting hood 7 has a second opening 701 at its lower part. The gas collecting hood 7 is connected to the cooling box 6 through the second opening 701. The gas collecting hood 7 is disposed inside the cooling box 6, and the heating component 2 is disposed inside the gas collecting hood 7. The condenser 4 has one end connected to the upper space 702 of the gas collecting hood 7, preferably the top of the gas collecting hood 7, and the other end connected to the cooling box 6. The cooling box 6 is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b in the area outside the gas collection hood 7. The liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b are immiscible. The density of the covering oil b is less than that of the liquid phase change cooling medium a. Therefore, in the cooling box 6, the phase change cooling medium layer formed by the liquid phase change cooling medium a is located in the lower layer, and the oil seal layer formed by the covering oil b is located in the upper layer. The gas collection hood 7 is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a, at least part of the heating component 2 is immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a, and the lower part of the gas collection hood 7 is connected to the cooling box 6 through the second opening 701 to ensure that the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the cooling box 6 can flow into the gas collection hood 7; During the cooling and heat dissipation process, the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the gas collection hood 7 is heated and vaporized to produce gaseous phase change cooling medium c, which enters the condenser 4. In the condenser 4, it is condensed into liquid phase change cooling medium a and flows back into the cooling box 6. Then it enters the gas collection hood 7 again to cool and dissipate heat from the heat-generating component 2.

[0026] As a preferred example of the present invention, during use, the air pressure inside the gas collecting hood 7 is adjusted so that the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting hood 7 is higher than the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collecting hood 7.

[0027] Preferably, the heating element 2 is completely immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection shroud 7, so that the heating element 2 can be fully cooled by the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection shroud 7.

[0028] In the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system of the present invention, a small space is formed by the gas collection hood 7 to accommodate the liquid phase change cooling medium a and the heating component 2, and the heating component 2 is immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the gas collection hood 7. In this way, the liquid phase change cooling medium a can form a fully enclosed immersion cooling effect on the heating component 2, effectively ensuring the heat dissipation and cooling efficiency of the heating component 2.

[0029] Meanwhile, the cooling box 6 forms a large space to accommodate the gas collection hood 7, the heating component 2, the liquid phase change cooling medium a, and the covering oil b. This also allows the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system to connect with the external atmosphere, making the phase change immersion cooling system of this invention an open atmospheric pressure system. This allows for the disassembly and assembly of the computer motherboard or power battery without shutting down the system. Specifically, the covering oil b can be extracted first, then the gas collection hood 7 can be opened to repair the heating component 2. After repair, the covering oil can be injected again. This simplifies the operation process, improves maintenance efficiency, enhances system safety and maintainability, and significantly reduces downtime and maintenance costs.

[0030] Furthermore, since the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection hood 7 is higher than that outside the gas collection hood 7, only a small amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a needs to be filled in the area of ​​the cooling tank 6 located outside the gas collection hood 7. This reduces the total amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collection hood 7, thereby reducing the total amount of liquid phase change cooling medium a in the system.

[0031] Based on this, the present invention also adds a covering oil b to the area of ​​the cooling box 6 located outside the gas collecting hood 7. At this time, the high boiling point and good thermal conductivity of the covering oil b located on the upper layer can form a good isolation, protection and cooling effect on the liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collecting hood 7, which greatly reduces its volatilization loss caused by heat volatilization.

[0032] Preferably, during use, the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collection shroud 7 is maintained above the height of the second opening 701, such as at least 1 cm above the second opening 701, to prevent the outer covering oil b from entering the gas collection shroud 7. At the same time, a certain margin is reserved for the evaporation reduction of the liquid phase change cooling medium a during use, to prevent the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection shroud 7 from dropping below the second opening 701 due to the evaporation reduction of the liquid phase change cooling medium a during system use.

[0033] As some examples of the present invention, the second opening 701 may be provided on the lower part of the side wall or the bottom surface of the gas collection hood 7.

[0034] More preferably, the second opening 701 is located on the bottom surface of the gas collecting hood 7. For example, the bottom surface of the gas collecting hood 7 can be directly eliminated to form the second opening 701 with the largest opening area, so as to facilitate the flow of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside and outside the gas collecting hood 7.

[0035] However, it should be noted that when adopting the scheme of directly eliminating the bottom surface of the gas collecting hood 7 to form the second opening 701 with the largest opening area, the gas collecting hood 7 needs to be suspended in the cooling box 6 by means of support pillars, hanging rings, etc., so as to form a channel for liquid to flow through below the gas collecting hood 7.

[0036] It should be noted that in the cooling box 6 of the present invention, the first opening 601 at the top can be an opening provided on its top surface and / or the upper part of its side wall. The opening area of ​​the first opening 601 can be set according to the usage requirements. Specifically, it is advisable to be able to timely discharge the gaseous phase change cooling medium c generated by the vaporization of the liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collection hood 7 in the cooling box 6, as well as the gaseous covering oil generated by the evaporation of the covering oil b, so as to avoid the accumulation of gaseous substances in the cooling box 6, the generation of high pressure, and the impact on the safety of the cooling system.

[0037] Understandably, because it is far from the heat-generating component 2 and the liquid surface area is small, the amount of gaseous substances generated by the evaporation of the liquid phase change cooling medium a and the covering oil b outside the gas collection shroud 7 in the cooling box 6 is relatively small. Therefore, the opening area of ​​the first opening 601 at the top of the cooling box 6 can be set to be relatively small, such as 5~300 cm². 2 This reduces the possibility of foreign objects falling into the cooling tank 6, and at the same time reduces the evaporation loss of the covering oil b.

[0038] As some other examples of the present invention, due to the oil-sealing effect of the covering oil b, although the vaporization and evaporation of the liquid phase change cooling medium a and the covering oil b located outside the gas collecting hood 7 are very small, the opening area of ​​the first opening 601 at the top of the cooling box 6 can be set as large as possible. For example, the top surface of the cooling box 6 can be eliminated, and the first opening 601 with the largest area can be formed on the cooling box 6, so as to facilitate the full heat exchange between the covering oil b in the cooling box 6 and the external atmosphere, thereby improving the overall cooling and heat dissipation efficiency of the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system of the present invention.

[0039] As some examples of the present invention, the condenser 4 can be disposed in the upper inner part of the gas collecting shroud 7, as described in the upper space 702, to directly condense and liquefy the gaseous phase change cooling medium c rising to the top of the gas collecting shroud 7. This condensation and liquefaction method is more direct and faster, but the condenser 4 needs to occupy part of the space inside the gas collecting shroud 7, therefore, it is more suitable for small or low-heat-generating components 2.

[0040] As some examples of the present invention, the condenser 4 can also be disposed outside the gas collecting hood 7 and connected to the upper space 702 of the gas collecting hood 7 via a pipe, so as to condense and liquefy the gaseous phase change cooling medium c inside the gas collecting hood 7. This condensation and liquefaction method is more flexible in use, and the condensation process and vaporization process of the phase change medium are relatively independent, making it more suitable for large or high-heat-generating components 2.

[0041] Preferably, in this invention, the condenser 4 is disposed outside the gas collection hood 7, and the phase change medium inlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the upper space 702 of the gas collection hood 7, preferably the top, through a pipe. At the same time, the liquid phase change cooling medium a discharged from the phase change medium outlet of the condenser 4 is transported back to the cooling box 6 through a pipe.

[0042] It should be noted that the upper space 702 of the gas collection hood 7 described in this invention is the space inside the gas collection hood 7 that is not filled with the liquid phase change cooling medium a.

[0043] As a preferred example of the present invention, the liquid phase change cooling medium a can completely or partially fill the internal space of the gas collection hood 7.

[0044] Preferably, the liquid phase change cooling medium a partially fills the internal space of the gas collecting hood 7, and a certain volume of upper space 702 is reserved in the upper part of the gas collecting hood 7. In this way, the upper space 702 can be used as a buffer space to avoid the rapid increase of pressure in the system under high heat flux density and the occurrence of safety problems.

[0045] As a preferred example of the present invention, a first conveying pipe 801 is provided at the phase change medium inlet of the condenser 4, and a second conveying pipe 802 is provided at the phase change medium outlet of the condenser 4. The inlet of the first conveying pipe 801 is connected to the gaseous phase change cooling medium c discharge port at the top of the gas collecting hood 7, and the gaseous phase change cooling medium c discharge port is connected to the upper space 702 of the gas collecting hood 7. The outlet of the first conveying pipe 801 is connected to the phase change medium inlet of the condenser 4. The inlet of the second conveying pipe 802 is connected to the phase change medium outlet in the condenser 4, and the outlet is connected to the cooling box 6.

[0046] More preferably, the outlet of the second delivery pipe 802 is inserted below the liquid surface of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection shroud 7.

[0047] In this way, the flow path of the phase change cooling medium can be maximized, so that the liquid phase change cooling medium a can fully contact the surface of the heat-generating component 2 during the bottom-up process, and carry away the heat generated by the heat-generating component 2, thereby improving the cooling and heat dissipation efficiency of the system.

[0048] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system also includes: Vacuum pump 5 is installed on the pipeline between the condenser 4 and the gas collection hood 7, namely the first delivery pipeline 801 mentioned above. Vacuum pump 5 can evacuate the condenser 4 before the system starts running to ensure that there is basically no air inside the condenser 4, thereby improving the condensation and liquefaction efficiency of the phase change medium.

[0049] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system also includes: multiple valves 3, which are used to control the on / off state of the pipelines in the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system.

[0050] As some examples of the present invention, the valve 3 includes: A first control valve is installed at the gas phase change cooling medium c discharge port at the top of the gas collection hood 7 or on the first delivery pipe 801, which is used to control the opening and closing of the gas phase change cooling medium c discharge port at the top of the gas collection hood 7. A second control valve is installed at the air extraction port of the vacuum pump 5; And a third control valve installed on the second delivery pipe 802.

[0051] As some examples of the present invention, a support 1 is provided on the lower side of the heating element 2, the support 1 being used to suspend the lower part of the heating element 2 so as to facilitate the entry of the liquid phase change cooling medium a.

[0052] As some examples of the present invention, the liquid phase change cooling medium a is selected from fluorinated liquids or other phase change cooling media with suitable phase change temperatures (e.g., phase change temperature of 45~150°C), such as one or more of Novec 7000, 7100, 7200, HFE-7100, HFE-7500, etc.

[0053] As some examples of the present invention, the covering oil b is selected from one or more of vegetable oils, mineral oils, synthetic oils, etc.

[0054] Preferably, mineral oil is selected as the covering oil b in this invention. Mineral oil has the advantages of low price, easy availability of raw materials, good heat transfer performance and low volatility, making it more suitable as the covering oil b in this invention.

[0055] As some examples of the present invention, the heat-generating component 2 may be an electronic chip, a power device, a battery cell, or other components that generate heat and need to be cooled during operation.

[0056] Example 2 A method of using an atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system, the method comprising: First, the components of the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system are assembled and connected together in a set manner. Specifically, the heating component 2 is installed into the gas collection hood 7, the gas collection hood 7 is installed into the cooling box 6, and the condenser 4, vacuum pump 5, valve 3, first delivery pipe 801 and second delivery pipe 802 are assembled together in a set manner. Then, liquid phase change cooling medium a is injected into the cooling tank 6. Simultaneously, the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the cooling tank 6 will enter the gas collection hood 7 through the second opening 701. Afterward, covering oil b is injected into the cooling tank 6. At this time, based on the principle of communicating vessels, as the outer covering oil b is continuously injected, the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a located inside the gas collection hood 7 will be higher than the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood 7 and will continue to rise. When filling the liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b, attention should be paid to the filling amount so that after filling, the heating component 2 can be partially or completely immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection hood 7, and the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood 7 is higher than the height of the second opening 701, with a certain margin reserved so that the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood 7 will not be lower than the height of the second opening 701 during use. After the covering oil b is filled, open the first, second, and third control valves, start the vacuum pump 5, and evacuate the condenser 4 in the system. When the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a exceeds the first and third control valves, close the first and third control valves. The vacuum pump 5 continues to run, extracting air from the condensation pipeline between the first and third control valves (i.e., the pipeline between the first and third control valves) and from the condenser 4. Once the required vacuum level is reached, close the second control valve and the vacuum pump 5, and open the first and third control valves. At this time, under the action of negative pressure, the liquid phase change medium a inside the gas collection hood 7... Cooling medium a is drawn into the entire condenser pipe, which is essentially air-free. During the subsequent cooling and heat exchange process, the bubbles generated by the heated liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collecting shroud 7 gradually fill the internal space of the condenser pipe, thereby draining the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the condenser pipe back to the bottom of the cooling tank 6 through the second delivery pipe 802, completing the start-up and ensuring that the condenser 4 is essentially air-free before the system initially starts operating. During subsequent use, the gas pressure inside the gas collecting shroud 7 is adjusted to adjust the liquid level inside the gas collecting shroud 7, so that the heating component 2 is at least partially immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a.

[0057] As a preferred example of the present invention, in subsequent use, the air pressure inside the gas collecting hood 7 is adjusted to adjust the liquid level inside the gas collecting hood 7, so that the heating component is completely immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a.

[0058] As some examples of the present invention, during use, the pressure in the condensing pipe can be adjusted by adjusting the condensing rate of the condenser 4, thereby adjusting the gas pressure in the gas collecting hood 7.

[0059] As a preferred example of the present invention, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, etc., can be added to the condenser pipeline to detect state fluctuations within the condenser pipeline in real time. Combined with intelligent algorithms, this allows for automated and intelligent adjustment of the operating conditions of the atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system. The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above; the specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of this application, can make many other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An open oil-sealed non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system, characterized in that, include: Cooling box (6), with a first opening (601) at its upper part; A gas collecting hood (7) is provided with a second opening (701) at its lower part. The gas collecting hood (7) is located inside the cooling box (6), and the heating component (2) is located inside the gas collecting hood (7). The condenser (4) has one end connected to the top of the gas collection shroud (7) and the other end connected to the cooling box (6); The cooling box (6) is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b in the area outside the gas collection hood (7). The liquid phase change cooling medium a and covering oil b are immiscible. In the cooling box (6), the phase change cooling medium layer formed by the liquid phase change cooling medium a is located in the lower layer, and the oil seal layer formed by the covering oil b is located in the upper layer. The gas collection hood (7) is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium a, at least part of the heating component (2) is immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a, and the lower part of the gas collection hood (7) is connected to the cooling box (6) through the second opening (701) to ensure that the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the cooling box (6) can flow into the gas collection hood (7); During the cooling and heat dissipation process, the liquid phase change cooling medium a in the gas collection hood (7) is heated and vaporized to produce gaseous phase change cooling medium c, which enters the condenser (4). In the condenser (4), it is condensed into liquid phase change cooling medium a and flows back into the cooling box (6). Then it enters the gas collection hood (7) again to cool and dissipate heat from the heat-generating component (2).

2. The open oil-seal non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 1, wherein, During use, the air pressure inside the gas collection hood (7) is adjusted so that the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection hood (7) is higher than the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection hood (7).

3. The open oil-sealed non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The heating element (2) is completely immersed in the liquid phase change cooling medium a inside the gas collection shroud (7).

4. The open oil-seal non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 1, wherein, During use, the liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium a located outside the gas collection hood (7) is kept higher than the height of the second opening (701).

5. The open oil-seal non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The condenser (4) is located on the upper inner side of the gas collecting hood (7); Alternatively, the condenser (4) is located outside the gas collection hood (7) and is connected to the top of the gas collection hood (7) via a pipe.

6. The open oil-seal non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 5, wherein, A first conveying pipe (801) is provided at the phase change medium inlet of the condenser (4), and a second conveying pipe (802) is provided at the phase change medium outlet of the condenser (4). The inlet of the first conveying pipe (801) is connected to the top of the gas collecting hood (7), and the outlet is connected to the phase change medium inlet of the condenser (4); The inlet of the second delivery pipe (802) is connected to the phase change medium outlet in the condenser (4), and the outlet is connected to the cooling box (6).

7. The open oil-seal non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 6, wherein, The outlet of the second delivery pipe (802) is inserted below the liquid surface of the liquid phase change cooling medium a outside the gas collection shroud (7).

8. The open oil-seal non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system of claim 6, wherein, The atmospheric pressure oil-sealed non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system also includes: A vacuum pump (5) is arranged on the pipeline between the condenser (4) and the gas collection hood (7), and the vacuum pump (5) is used to vacuumize the condenser (4) before the system starts to operate.

9. The open oil-filled non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system of claim 8, wherein, The atmospheric oil seal type open-phase change immersion cooling system further comprises: A first control valve arranged on the first conveying pipeline (801); A second control valve arranged at the air outlet of the vacuum pump (5); And a third control valve arranged on the second conveying pipeline (802).

10. A method of using an open oil-sealed non-encapsulated phase change immersion cooling system at atmospheric pressure, characterized in that, The use method is used for the atmospheric oil seal type open-phase change immersion cooling system in any one of claims 1-9, and the use method comprises: First, assemble and connect the components of the atmospheric oil seal type open-phase change immersion cooling system in a set manner; Then, inject the liquid-phase change cooling medium a into the cooling box, and the liquid-phase change cooling medium a in the cooling box will enter the gas collection hood through the second opening; then, inject the covering oil b into the cooling box, and as the continuous injection of the outer covering oil b, the liquid level of the liquid-phase change cooling medium a on the inner side of the gas collection hood will be higher than that on the outer side of the gas collection hood and continue to rise; After the injection of the covering oil b is completed, open the first control valve, the second control valve and the third control valve, start the vacuum pump, and vacuumize the condenser in the system, when the liquid level of the liquid-phase change cooling medium a is higher than the first control valve and the third control valve, close the first control valve and the third control valve, and the vacuum pump continues to operate, and the air in the condensing pipeline between the first control valve and the third control valve is extracted, and when the vacuum degree requirement is reached, the second control valve and the vacuum pump are closed, and the first control valve and the third control valve are opened, at this time, under the action of negative pressure, the liquid-phase change cooling medium a on the inner side of the gas collection hood will be extracted to the entire condensing pipeline, and in the subsequent cooling and heat exchange process, the gas bubbles generated by the liquid-phase change cooling medium a on the inner side of the gas collection hood will gradually occupy the internal space of the condensing pipeline, and then the liquid-phase change cooling medium a in the condensing pipeline will be discharged back to the cooling box, and in the subsequent use process, the gas pressure in the gas collection hood is adjusted to adjust the liquid level in the gas collection hood, so that the heat generating components are at least partially immersed in the liquid-phase change cooling medium a.

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