Lifting appliance welding tool and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding auxiliary equipment, in particular to a lifting appliance welding tool and method.The lifting appliance welding tool comprises a supporting base, a tip with a conical surface is arranged at the upper end of an electric push rod on the supporting base, a cantilever at the upper end of the supporting base is connected with a base, and a shell is coaxially and fixedly installed below the base; a clamping jaw with a guide column is installed in the radial clamping groove in the shell in an inserted mode, the guide column is in sliding fit with the guide groove, and a driving assembly is arranged between the base and the guide disc. The guide disc is driven by the driving assembly to rotate, the clamping jaws are pulled to synchronously move in the radial direction, and automatic coaxial centering and controllable axial pressing of a workpiece are achieved in cooperation with the conical surface center driven by the electric push rod. Through cooperation of the clamping jaw and the tip, the requirement for coaxiality during welding is met, the problem of thermal deformation is solved by providing controllable pressing force through the electric push rod, the welding quality and operation efficiency of the lifting appliance are greatly improved, and the device is suitable for welding machining of the heavy equipment lifting appliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to a lifting tool welding fixture and method. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 The image shows a self-locking internal support spreader, which relies on its own weight to achieve self-locking. Figure 2 The image shows the self-locking track seat of this self-locking internal support lifting device, for reference. Figure 2 As can be seen, the self-locking track on the self-locking track seat is a complex irregular track. Machining it on a circular surface would be costly and difficult. Therefore, the conventional solution is to machine the self-locking track in a plane. To protect the self-locking track, a square steel sleeve needs to be installed over the self-locking track seat. The self-locking track seat is located inside the square steel sleeve, which is welded to the support plate. Two major challenges arise during the welding process: First, the coaxiality of the square steel sleeve and the support plate must be ensured during assembly, as eccentricity can lead to stress concentration. Second, thermal deformation during welding must be overcome to ensure that the square steel sleeve and the support plate remain tightly fitted during melting and cooling, thereby obtaining a high-quality weld with a dense internal structure and no defects.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, existing technologies offer several solutions. For example, patent application CN222114010U provides a rotating internal support welding fixture. This fixture uses a rotating adjusting nut to drive a conical block up and down, causing the conical surface to push circumferentially distributed internal support ejector blocks to move radially in sync, thus clamping and fixing annular parts of different sizes and facilitating welding operations. However, this solution lacks axial clamping design and uniform clamping force, making it difficult to maintain stable coaxiality during welding and unable to restrain component warping caused by thermal deformation. Another example is patent application CN110666439B, which provides a mechanical internal support device using a frustum and an inner cone wedge tightly fitted together. This device is simple and reliable, aiming to prevent deformation during welding and heat treatment. However, its size adjustment range is determined by the frustum stroke and the cone structure, resulting in poor adaptability to lifting components of different diameters, especially non-standard irregular cavities. Furthermore, its clamping force relies on axial impact of the frustum, making it impossible to achieve tight, quantitative clamping control and difficult to match the rigidity requirements of different welding processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding fixture and method for lifting devices to solve the technical problems of insufficient coaxiality accuracy and lack of controllable axial clamping force in the welding of internal support lifting device components in the prior art, which leads to weak resistance to thermal deformation. At the same time, it optimizes the ease of operation and adaptability to multiple specifications to meet the requirements for welding quality of lifting devices in the manufacturing of heavy equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A welding fixture for lifting tools, characterized in that it includes a support base, on which an electric push rod is fixedly mounted. The upper end face of the electric push rod is provided with a center point, and the upper end of the center point is provided with a conical surface with the smaller end facing upwards. The upper end of the support base is provided with a cantilever, and the lower end face of the cantilever is provided with a base. The lower end face of the base is coaxially fixedly mounted with a housing. A guide plate is coaxially provided inside the housing. The guide plate is rotatably connected to the base. The lower end face of the guide plate has four circumferentially arranged guide grooves, the extension direction of which does not pass through the center of the guide plate. The lower end face of the housing has four circumferentially arranged slots, the extension direction of which passes through the center of the housing. A chuck is inserted into each of the four slots. The chuck is slidably connected to the housing. The upper end of the chuck is provided with a guide post, which is slidably connected to the guide groove. The housing and the center point are coaxially arranged. A drive assembly is provided on the base, and the drive assembly is located between the base and the guide plate. The drive assembly is used to drive the guide plate to rotate.

[0006] Through the coordinated design of eccentric guide grooves, radial slots, conical tips, and electric push rods, the four guide grooves on the guide plate, in conjunction with the four jaws in the radial slots of the outer shell, allow the jaws to move radially synchronously via guide columns when the drive assembly rotates the guide plate. The outer shell and the tip are coaxially aligned, and the electric push rod pushes the tip towards the center of the outer shell, achieving automatic coaxial centering of the workpiece and solving the problem of insufficient coaxiality accuracy. The conical tip with its small end facing upwards can accommodate workpieces with different sized inner holes, while the electric push rod controls the tip's clamping force, creating a controllable axial clamping force and reducing thermal deformation during welding. The cantilever structure of the support base provides ample space for welding operations and, combined with the synchronous opening and closing of the jaws and the lifting of the tip, adapts to multiple specifications of lifting tools while simplifying clamping steps and optimizing operational convenience.

[0007] Therefore, the lifting tooling provided by this invention, through the coordinated design of eccentric guide groove, radial groove, conical tip and electric push rod, ultimately meets the core requirements for lifting tool welding quality in heavy equipment manufacturing with the comprehensive effects of high-precision coaxial positioning, stable axial clamping, multi-specification adaptation and convenient operation.

[0008] Optionally, the drive component can be at least one of liquid drive and gas drive, both of which can drive the guide disc to rotate. However, liquid drive requires hydraulic components such as hydraulic pumps and hydraulic cylinders, which increases the consumption and leakage risk of hydraulic oil, as well as the maintenance cost of the hydraulic system. Similarly, gas drive also requires air source equipment such as air compressors and air pipes, which increases the risk of air leakage from pneumatic components and valve jamming. At the same time, gas drive will generate harsh noise, which will damage the welding environment and increase the operating pressure on welders. Most importantly, the connection between the equipment in both of the above schemes is through pipelines. During welding, there will be welding slag spatter, which can easily damage the pipelines and increase maintenance costs. Therefore, neither of the above two schemes is a preferred drive component of the present invention.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a mounting post, a first rotating block, an adjusting rod, a second rotating block, and a connecting arm. The mounting post is fixedly installed at the lower end of the base and is vertically arranged. The first rotating block is rotatably installed at the lower end of the mounting post. The adjusting rod is rotatably installed with the first rotating block, and both ends of the adjusting rod extend beyond the first rotating block. The connecting arm is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the guide plate. A through groove is provided on the side wall of the housing, through which the connecting arm extends to the outside of the housing. The second rotating block is rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting arm. One end of the adjusting rod passes through the second rotating block, and the adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the second rotating block.

[0010] The design features a vertically fixed mounting column at the bottom of the base, with a rotating block rotatably mounted at the bottom of the mounting column. This provides a stable fulcrum for the adjusting rod's swing. The design allows the adjusting rod to rotate around the center of the rotating block, with both ends extending outwards. The connecting arm is fixed to the outer wall of the guide plate, and a slot is provided in the outer wall of the housing for the connecting arm to pass through. This design achieves rigid power transmission between the connecting arm and the guide plate while providing space for the connecting arm to swing, avoiding interference with the housing and constraining the swing range. The design also features a rotating block rotatably mounted at the bottom of the connecting arm, with one end of the adjusting rod passing through the rotating block and threadedly connected to it. This design converts axial linear motion into swing motion. The entire drive assembly works in tandem, allowing the adjusting rod to be manually driven to rotate the guide plate stably and controllably. The power transmission is smooth, without jamming or deviation, and it is compact and adaptable to the tooling layout without disrupting the original coaxial setup. This provides a reliable power foundation for the subsequent synchronous extension and retraction of the chuck. In terms of ease of operation, the exposed ends of the adjusting rod provide ample force application points, allowing for direct manual operation of the handwheel. No complex skills are required, and adjustment can be completed by a single person, making it easy to learn and effectively improving the efficiency of tooling adjustment, thus meeting the rapid positioning needs of welding stations. In terms of economical maintenance, the purely mechanical rigid linkage design eliminates the need for pneumatic, oil, or electrical auxiliary systems and easily damaged or consumable parts. This eliminates the need for replacement parts and troubleshooting leaks, making it resistant to the harsh working conditions of welding workshops, such as dust and high temperatures, resulting in a long service life and low maintenance costs. In terms of safety and reliability, the manual drive eliminates the risks of high-voltage source leakage and electric shock. The groove constrains the swing range of the connecting arm, preventing the guide plate from over-rotating and damaging the chuck and workpiece. The rigid transmission eliminates power lag, ensuring safe and controllable operation.

[0011] Preferably, each of the four claws has a limiting protrusion on its lower end face. The limiting protrusion is coplanar with the side wall of the claw near the center of the outer shell, forming a first positioning surface. The side wall of the limiting protrusion away from the center of the outer shell is a second positioning surface. Both the first and second positioning surfaces are arc surfaces.

[0012] By adding limiting bosses to the lower end faces of all four jaws, the limiting bosses and the sidewalls of the jaws near the center of the housing are made coplanar to form the first positioning surface. This coplanar setting ensures that the first positioning surface is consistent with the positioning reference on the inner side of the jaws, avoiding positioning deviations caused by multi-faceted connections, and increasing the clamping contact area. At the same time, the sidewalls of the limiting bosses away from the center of the housing are set as the second positioning surface. Both the first and second positioning surfaces are designed as curved surfaces. The two positioning surfaces correspond to the matching positioning requirements of the center side and the outer side of the housing, respectively, satisfying bidirectional limiting constraints. The final technical effect is to achieve bidirectional limiting of the workpiece by the jaws, eliminate positioning offset and shaking problems, improve clamping stability, and ensure uniform force distribution by simulating the limiting bosses on all four jaws, further optimizing positioning accuracy and clamping reliability.

[0013] Preferably, the guide groove has multiple lubrication channels on both inner walls, and the lubrication channels on one inner wall are equidistant in the vertical direction, and the lubrication channels are filled with grease.

[0014] By designing multiple lubrication channels on both inner walls of the guide groove, with the lubrication channels on one inner wall arranged vertically at equal intervals and pre-filled with grease, the guide groove serves as the sliding guide surface for components in actual working conditions. Long-term reciprocating sliding can easily lead to dry friction, resulting in high resistance and causing wall wear and scratches. The double-sided channels can cover the entire contact surface of the component, and the vertically equidistant arrangement can adapt to the entire sliding stroke of the component, avoiding localized lubrication deficiencies. Grease is less prone to loss than liquid lubricants and can adapt to harsh working conditions such as high dust and oil content. Ultimately, this effectively reduces the actual sliding resistance of the guide groove, reduces jamming and sticking problems during on-site operation, avoids wear and scratches on the mating surface, extends the actual service life of the guide groove, reduces the frequency of downtime for replacement, and the equidistant arrangement ensures more uniform lubrication, guaranteeing stable component sliding. It is suitable for long-term continuous operation, and the long-term retention of grease eliminates the need for frequent replenishment, reducing on-site maintenance costs and operational intensity.

[0015] Preferably, a copper ring is coaxially sleeved on the guide post, and the outer wall of the copper ring is slidably connected to the two inner walls of the guide groove.

[0016] By coaxially sleeved with a copper ring on the guide post, and with the outer wall of the copper ring slidingly engaging with the two inner walls of the guide groove, the design avoids the hard friction that easily occurs when the guide post and guide groove slide directly under actual working conditions. This results in rapid wear and easy jamming. Copper material has excellent self-lubricating properties, wear resistance, and cushioning properties. The coaxial sleeve ensures the coaxiality of the fit, and the copper ring, acting as a contact medium, avoids hard contact. Furthermore, when the copper ring wears out, only the copper ring needs to be replaced, without replacing the guide post and guide groove, reducing maintenance costs. This design effectively replaces the hard contact sliding between the guide post and guide groove, utilizing the self-lubricating properties of the copper ring to reduce sliding friction resistance, preventing operational jamming, significantly reducing the wear rate of both components, and extending the service life of the core components of the guide post and guide groove. The coaxial setting of the copper ring ensures stable sliding guidance, adapting to the needs of long-term reciprocating sliding operations. Moreover, the copper ring is easy to disassemble and replace. Compared to replacing the entire guide post or guide groove, it significantly saves on-site maintenance time and costs, and also avoids metal debris generated by hard friction affecting the operating accuracy of the equipment, improving overall operational reliability.

[0017] Preferably, the conical surface on the tip, the inner wall of the guide groove, the first positioning surface, and the second positioning surface are all surface hardened, with a surface hardness of 65-72 HRC.

[0018] By uniformly surface-hardening the top conical surface, the inner wall of the guide groove, and the first and second positioning surfaces, and precisely controlling the surface hardness within the range of 65–72 HRC, these parts are the core stress-bearing, contact, and friction working surfaces of the equipment. In actual working conditions, they are frequently subjected to compression, collision, and sliding friction. Conventional hardness is prone to wear, deformation, and scratches. Surface hardening treatment can significantly improve the surface hardness. The range of 65–72 HRC ensures sufficient hardness to resist wear and deformation while avoiding brittle cracking caused by excessive hardness. It adapts to the stress requirements of actual operation, improves the wear resistance, compressive strength, and scratch resistance of each core working surface, and avoids problems such as deformation of the top conical surface under pressure, friction and tearing of the inner wall of the guide groove, and decreased positioning accuracy due to wear of the positioning surfaces during long-term operation. It maintains the long-term stable positioning and guiding accuracy of the equipment, reduces downtime and rework caused by damage to the working surfaces, extends the actual service life of the contact surface components, and at the same time, the stable hardness range takes into account both wear resistance and toughness, eliminates the risk of brittle fracture, reduces equipment maintenance costs, and improves overall operational reliability and efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, a rotating disk is provided on the lower end face of the cantilever, the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the base, the rotating disk and the top are coaxially arranged, and both the rotating disk and the top are rotatably installed.

[0020] By incorporating a rotating disk on the lower end face of the cantilever, with the disk fixedly connected to the base and coaxially aligned with the center, and both the disk and the center being rotatably mounted, the cantilever, as the load-bearing component, drives the center to rotate. The rotating disk, serving as the rotatable connection between the cantilever and the base, ensures rotational stability. The coaxial alignment ensures the center of rotation of the center remains constant. The rotatable mounting of both components satisfies the overall rotational function and prevents wear on the contact surfaces between the workpiece to be welded and the center. This design is suitable for rotational machining or inspection after workpiece centering, enabling the cantilever to drive the center to rotate stably around the coaxial center, ensuring center rotation accuracy, and preventing eccentricity that could affect workpiece centering or machining quality. The rotatable mounting ensures smooth, uninterrupted rotation, making it suitable for high-frequency rotational operations. The fixed disk and base provide stable support, significantly improving the reliability of rotational operation. This effectively prevents workpiece machining deviations and positioning failures caused by rotational eccentricity, reducing scrap rates, decreasing equipment downtime, ensuring continuous operation and machining accuracy, and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the equipment.

[0021] This invention also provides a method for using the lifting tool welding fixture as described above, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation before welding. Turn the adjusting rod clockwise to move the four jaws away from the center of the housing. Start the electric push rod upward until the tip is fully extended to the upper surface of the support base. Stop the electric push rod. Step 2: Clamp the square steel sleeve and place the upper end of the square steel sleeve between the four jaws. Rotate the adjusting rod counterclockwise until the four No. 1 positioning surfaces are in contact with the outer wall of the square steel sleeve. When the outer diameter of the square steel sleeve is greater than the maximum stroke of the No. 1 positioning surface, insert all four limiting bosses into the square steel sleeve and rotate the adjusting rod clockwise until the four No. 2 positioning surfaces are in contact with the inner wall of the square steel sleeve. Step 3: Positioning the support plate and the square steel sleeve. Insert the tip into the inner hole of the support plate, start the electric push rod to push upward until the upper end face of the support plate is in contact with the lower end face of the square steel sleeve, stop the electric push rod, and the positioning of the support plate and the square steel sleeve is completed. Step 4: Welding the support plate and the square steel sleeve. First, spot weld the fillet weld between the support plate and the square steel sleeve to fix it. Then, rotate the support plate and weld all the fillet welds between the support plate and the square steel sleeve. Step 5: Retract the tip. Start the electric push rod to retract the tip downwards until the tip is completely retracted into the support base, then stop the electric push rod. Step 6: Take the welded workpiece. For the outer clamping square steel sleeve, turn the adjusting rod clockwise to move the four jaws away from the center of the housing. For the inner clamping square steel sleeve, turn the adjusting rod counterclockwise to move the four jaws closer to the center of the housing. The square steel sleeve loses the clamping force of the jaws and disengages from the jaws, thereby removing the welded workpiece.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the coordinated design of eccentric guide groove, radial groove, conical tip and electric push rod, allows the guide plate to rotate and guide the claw to move radially synchronously, and cooperates with the tip to clamp coaxially, so as to realize the automatic coaxial centering of the lifting tool workpiece. At the same time, the electric push rod controls the clamping force to form controllable axial clamping, which effectively solves the problems of insufficient coaxiality accuracy and weak resistance to thermal deformation in the prior art, ensures that the internal structure of the weld is dense and defect-free, and improves the strength and service life of the lifting tool welded structure.

[0023] 2. This invention reduces frictional resistance and wear between guiding components by setting equidistant lubrication channels in the guide groove and filling them with grease, combined with the copper ring sliding structure on the guide column. At the same time, the core working surface is subjected to a surface hardening treatment of 65-72HRC, which significantly improves the wear resistance and compressive strength of the components, extends the service life of the tooling, reduces the frequency of downtime maintenance, lowers the operation and maintenance costs, and ensures the continuity of welding operations.

[0024] 3. This invention uses a purely mechanical drive component. The guide plate can be rotated controllably through the linkage of the adjusting rod, rotating block and connecting arm. It does not require auxiliary systems such as air circuits and oil circuits. With the ample operating space reserved by the cantilever and the rotation function of the rotating plate, it avoids safety hazards such as high pressure leakage and pipeline damage. It also makes it convenient for welders to complete spot welding and full-circle weld welding. A single person can complete the clamping and adjustment, improving the efficiency and safety of welding operations. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a self-locking internal support lifting device. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of self-locking track seat; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture for the lifting tool of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a top view of the workpiece after the lifting and welding fixture has clamped it. Figure 6 Exploded view of the rotating disk, base, guide disk, outer shell, and chuck; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Sectional view at point AA.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Electric push rod; 3. Center point; 4. Cantilever; 5. Base; 6. Housing; 601. Slot; 602. Through slot; 7. Guide plate; 701. Guide groove; 702. Lubrication channel; 8. Claw; 801. Guide post; 802. Limiting boss; 803. Positioning surface 1; 804. Positioning surface 2; 805. Copper ring; 9. Drive assembly; 901. Mounting post; 902. Rotating block 1; 903. Adjusting rod; 904. Rotating block 2; 905. Connecting arm; 10. Rotating disk; 11. Square steel sleeve; 12. Support plate; 13. Self-locking seat; 1301. Self-locking track. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a lifting tool welding fixture and its usage method, the technical solution of which is as follows: For details, please refer to Figures 3 to 7A welding fixture for lifting tools includes a support base 1, on which an electric push rod 2 is fixedly mounted. The upper surface of the electric push rod 2 has a center point 3, and the upper end of the center point 3 has a conical surface with the smaller end facing upwards. The conical surface of the center point 3 is surface hardened, achieving a surface hardness of 65 HRC ≤ 72 HRC. A cantilever 4 is provided at the upper end of the support base 1, and a rotating disk 10 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the cantilever 4. The rotating disk 10 is fixedly connected to a base 5, and the rotating disk 10 and the center point 3 are coaxially arranged, with both the rotating disk 10 and the center point 3 being rotatably mounted. A housing 6 is coaxially fixed to the lower end face of the base 5. A guide plate 7 is coaxially provided inside the housing 6. The guide plate 7 is rotatably connected to the base 5. Four guide grooves 701 are arranged in a circular array on the lower end face of the guide plate 7. The extension direction of the guide grooves 701 does not pass through the center of the guide plate 7. Multiple lubrication channels 702 are provided on both inner side walls of the guide grooves 701. The lubrication channels 702 on the inner side wall of one side are equidistant in the vertical direction. The lubrication channels 702 are filled with grease. The inner side wall of the guide grooves 701 is surface hardened, with a surface hardness of 65HRC≤72HRC. The lower end face of the outer shell 6 has four circumferentially arranged slots 601, extending through the center of the outer shell 6. Each of the four slots 601 contains a claw 8, which is slidably connected to the outer shell 6. A guide post 801 is located at the upper end of each claw 8, and a copper ring 805 is coaxially fitted onto the guide post 801. The outer wall of the copper ring 805 is slidably connected to the two inner walls of the guide groove 701. Each of the four claws 8 has a limiting boss 802 on its lower end face. The limiting boss 802 is coplanar with the side wall of the claw 8 closest to the center of the outer shell 6, forming a first positioning surface 803. The side wall of the limiting boss 802 furthest from the center of the shell is a second positioning surface 804. Both the first positioning surface 803 and the second positioning surface 804 are curved surfaces and have undergone surface hardening treatment, with a surface hardness of 65HRC ≤ 72HRC. The outer shell 6 and the top 3 are coaxially arranged, and the base 5 is provided with a drive component 9, which is located between the base 5 and the guide plate 7.

[0028] For further details, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6The drive assembly 9 includes a mounting post 901, a first rotating block 902, an adjusting rod 903, a second rotating block 904, and a connecting arm 905. The mounting post 901 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the base 5 and is vertically arranged. The first rotating block 902 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the mounting post 901. The adjusting rod 903 is rotatably installed with the first rotating block 902, and both ends of the adjusting rod 903 extend outside the first rotating block 902. The connecting arm 905 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the guide plate 7. A through groove 602 is provided on the side wall of the housing 6. The connecting arm 905 extends outside the housing through the through groove 602. The second rotating block 904 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the connecting arm 905. One end of the adjusting rod 903 passes through the second rotating block 904, and the adjusting rod 903 is threadedly connected to the second rotating block 904.

[0029] Working principle: Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The outer shell 6 and the center point 3 are coaxially arranged. When the adjusting rod 903 is rotated, the connecting arm 905 drives the guide disk 7 to rotate through the threaded transmission between the adjusting rod 903 and the second rotating block 904. The eccentric guide groove 701 on the guide disk 7 cooperates with the guide post 801 at the upper end of the jaw 8, converting the circumferential motion into the synchronous radial movement of the four jaws 8. With the sliding constraint of the jaw 8 by the jaw groove 601 of the outer shell 6, the jaw 8 can only extend and retract smoothly in the radial direction, realizing the precise internal support or external clamping positioning of the workpiece of the lifting device. The conical surface design of the center point 3 can be adapted to the inner hole of workpieces of different sizes. Under the push of the electric push rod 2, it clamps the workpiece and works with the jaw 8 to achieve automatic coaxial centering, ensuring the coaxiality accuracy during welding. At the same time, the electric push rod 2 can control the clamping force of the center point 3 to form a controllable axial clamping force. During the welding process, this clamping force can make the upper and lower workpieces fit tightly together, offset the deformation caused by thermal stress, avoid gaps or warping in the weld, and ensure that the internal structure of the weld is dense and defect-free. In addition, the first positioning surface 803 and the second positioning surface 804 of the chuck 8 are adapted to both external clamping and internal support clamping methods, which can meet the clamping requirements of different sizes and types of lifting tools. The copper ring 805 on the guide column 801 and the grease in the guide groove 701 work together to reduce sliding friction and wear. The surface hardening treatment of each core working surface improves wear resistance and pressure resistance, making it suitable for long-term high-intensity operation scenarios. Furthermore, the rotation design of the rotary disk 10 and the top 3 can drive the workpiece to rotate, making it convenient to complete the welding of the entire circle of weld seam and improve welding efficiency.

[0030] The method of using the above-mentioned lifting and welding fixtures includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation before welding. Turn the adjusting rod 903 clockwise to move the four claws 8 away from the center of the housing. Start the electric push rod 2 upward until the tip 3 is fully extended to the upper surface of the support base 1. Then stop the electric push rod 2. Step 2: Clamp the square steel sleeve 11, place the upper end of the square steel sleeve 11 between the four jaws 8, and rotate the adjusting rod 903 counterclockwise until the four No. 1 positioning surfaces 803 are in contact with the outer wall of the square steel sleeve 11; when the outer diameter of the square steel sleeve 11 is greater than the maximum stroke of the No. 1 positioning surface 803, insert the four limiting bosses 802 into the square steel sleeve 11, and rotate the adjusting rod 903 clockwise until the four No. 2 positioning surfaces 804 are in contact with the inner wall of the square steel sleeve 11. Step 3: Positioning of support plate 12 and square steel sleeve 11. Insert the tip 3 into the inner hole of support plate 12, start the electric push rod 2 to push upward until the upper end face of support plate 12 is in contact with the lower end face of square steel sleeve 11, stop the electric push rod 2, and the positioning of support plate 12 and square steel sleeve 11 is completed. Step 4: Welding of support plate 12 and square steel sleeve 11. First, spot weld the fillet weld between support plate 12 and square steel sleeve 11 to fix it. Then rotate support plate 12 and weld all the fillet welds between support plate 12 and square steel sleeve 11. Step 5: Retrieve the tip 3. Start the electric push rod 2 to retract downwards until the tip 3 is completely retracted into the support base 1, then stop the electric push rod 2. Step 6: Take the welded workpiece. For the outer clamping square steel sleeve 11, rotate the adjusting rod 903 clockwise to move the four jaws 8 away from the center of the housing. For the inner clamping square steel sleeve 11, rotate the adjusting rod 903 counterclockwise to move the four jaws 8 closer to the center of the housing. The square steel sleeve 11 loses the clamping force of the jaws 8 and disengages from the jaws 8, thereby removing the welded workpiece.

[0031] After the welding process is completed and the weld quality is inspected and found to be qualified, the self-locking seat 13 is assembled. After the square steel sleeve 11 and the circular support plate 12 are welded together, they form an integrated internal cavity. The side of the self-locking seat 13 with the self-locking track 1301 is vertically facing the center of the square steel sleeve 11 and along the axis of the square hole of the sleeve, and is installed into the square steel sleeve 11. This ensures that the outer wall of the self-locking seat 13 fits the inner wall of the square steel sleeve 11, laying a structural foundation for the stability of the subsequent self-locking function of the lifting device.

[0032] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for lifting devices, characterized in that, The system includes a support base (1), on which an electric push rod (2) is fixedly mounted. The upper surface of the electric push rod (2) has a tip (3), and the upper end of the tip (3) has a conical surface with the smaller end facing upwards. The upper end of the support base (1) has a cantilever (4), and the lower surface of the cantilever (4) has a base (5). The lower surface of the base (5) is coaxially fixedly mounted with a housing (6). A guide plate (7) is coaxially mounted inside the housing (6). The guide plate (7) is rotatably connected to the base (5). The lower surface of the guide plate (7) has four circumferentially arranged guide grooves (701). The extension direction of the guide grooves (701) does not pass through the guide plate (7). The lower end face of the outer shell (6) is provided with four circularly arranged slots (601). The extension direction of the slots (601) passes through the center of the outer shell (6). Each of the four slots (601) is fitted with a claw (8). The claw (8) is slidably connected to the outer shell (6). The upper end of the claw (8) is provided with a guide post (801). The guide post (801) is slidably connected in the guide groove (701). The outer shell (6) and the top point (3) are coaxially arranged. The base (5) is provided with a drive assembly (9). The drive assembly (9) is located between the base (5) and the guide disk (7). The drive assembly (9) is used to drive the guide disk (7) to rotate.

2. The lifting tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (9) includes a mounting post (901), a first rotating block (902), an adjusting rod (903), a second rotating block (904), and a connecting arm (905). The mounting post (901) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the base (5) and is vertically arranged. The first rotating block (902) is rotatably installed at the lower end of the mounting post (901). The adjusting rod (903) is rotatably installed with the first rotating block (902), and both ends of the adjusting rod (903) are... Extending out of the first rotating block (902), the connecting arm (905) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the guide plate (7). The side wall of the outer shell (6) is provided with a through groove (602). The connecting arm (905) extends out of the outer shell through the through groove (602). The second rotating block (904) is rotatably installed on the lower end of the connecting arm (905). One end of the adjusting rod (903) passes through the second rotating block (904), and the adjusting rod (903) is threadedly connected to the second rotating block (904).

3. The lifting tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the four claws (8) has a limiting boss (802) on its lower end face. The limiting boss (802) is coplanar with the side wall of the claw (8) near the center of the outer shell (6) to form a first positioning surface (803). The side wall of the limiting boss (802) away from the center of the outer shell is a second positioning surface (804). Both the first positioning surface (803) and the second positioning surface (804) are arc surfaces.

4. The lifting tooling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide groove (701) has multiple lubrication channels (702) on both inner walls. The lubrication channels (702) on one inner wall are equidistant in the vertical direction, and the lubrication channels (702) are filled with grease.

5. The lifting tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that, A copper ring (805) is coaxially sleeved on the guide post (801), and the outer side wall of the copper ring (805) is slidably connected to the two inner side walls of the guide groove (701).

6. The lifting tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conical surface on the tip (3), the inner wall of the guide groove (701), the first positioning surface (803) and the second positioning surface (804) have all undergone surface hardening treatment, and the surface hardness reaches 65-72 HRC.

7. The lifting tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating disk (10) is rotatably mounted on the lower end face of the cantilever (4). The rotating disk (10) is fixedly connected to the base (5). The rotating disk (10) and the top (3) are coaxially arranged, and both the rotating disk (10) and the top (3) are rotatably mounted.

8. A method of using a lifting tool welding fixture, characterized in that, This method uses any one of the lifting fixtures described in claims 1 to 7, and the specific method is as follows: Step 1: Preparation before welding. Turn the adjusting rod (903) clockwise to move the four claws (8) away from the center of the housing. Start the electric push rod (2) upward until the tip (3) is fully extended to the upper surface of the support base (1). Stop the electric push rod (2). Step 2: Clamp the square steel sleeve (11), place the upper end of the square steel sleeve (11) between the four jaws (8), and rotate the adjusting rod (903) counterclockwise until the four No. 1 positioning surfaces (803) are in contact with the outer wall of the square steel sleeve (11); when the outer diameter of the square steel sleeve (11) is greater than the maximum stroke of the No. 1 positioning surface (803), insert the four limiting bosses (802) into the square steel sleeve (11), and rotate the adjusting rod (903) clockwise until the four No. 2 positioning surfaces (804) are in contact with the inner wall of the square steel sleeve (11); Step 3: Positioning of support plate (12) and square steel sleeve (11): Insert the tip (3) into the inner hole of support plate (12), start the electric push rod (2) to push upward until the upper end face of support plate (12) is in contact with the lower end face of square steel sleeve (11), stop the electric push rod (2) to complete the positioning of support plate (12) and square steel sleeve (11); Step 4: Welding of the support plate (12) and the square steel sleeve (11): First, spot weld the fillet weld between the support plate (12) and the square steel sleeve (11) to fix it. Then rotate the support plate (12) and weld all the fillet welds between the support plate (12) and the square steel sleeve (11). Step 5: Retrieve the tip (3), start the electric push rod (2) to retract downwards until the tip (3) is completely retracted into the support seat (1), then stop the electric push rod (2). Step 6: Take the welded workpiece. For the outer clamping square steel sleeve (11), turn the adjusting rod (903) clockwise to move the four jaws (8) away from the center of the shell. For the inner clamping square steel sleeve (11), turn the adjusting rod (903) counterclockwise to move the four jaws (8) closer to the center of the shell. The square steel sleeve (11) loses the clamping force of the jaws (8), and the square steel sleeve (11) disengages from the jaws (8), thereby removing the welded workpiece.

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