Combustion assembly and engine

Abstract

The invention provides a combustion assembly and an engine. The combustion assembly comprises: a piston having a combustion chamber with an open top; the flow guide part is arranged in the combustion chamber, a gap is formed between the flow guide part and the bottom face of the combustion chamber, the flow guide part is provided with a flow guide cavity with an opening in the top, flow guide holes are formed in the side wall of the flow guide cavity, and the flow guide cavity communicates with the combustion chamber through the flow guide holes. According to the structure of the combustion assembly, the technical problem that in the prior art, the combustion efficiency is low due to the fact that a combustion window is narrow and small in premixed combustion of an engine is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of engines, and more specifically, to a combustion assembly and an engine. Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas engines under the China VI emission standard mostly use spark plug ignition or premixed combustion technology. Compared with traditional spark plug ignition, premixed combustion has a larger ignition area, faster combustion speed, and shorter combustion duration, thereby improving thermal efficiency. However, due to the narrow combustion window, especially when the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) ratio is high, ignition becomes unstable and combustion efficiency decreases.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the technical problem of low combustion efficiency caused by the narrow combustion window in premixed combustion of engines in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a combustion assembly and an engine to solve the technical problem of low combustion efficiency caused by the narrow combustion window in premixed combustion engines in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a combustion assembly is provided, comprising: a piston having a combustion chamber with a top opening; and a flow guide disposed within the combustion chamber, the flow guide being disposed with a gap between the flow guide and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, the flow guide having a flow guide cavity with a top opening, the side wall of the flow guide cavity having a flow guide hole, and the flow guide cavity communicating with the combustion chamber through the flow guide hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the top surface of the guide is flush with the top surface of the piston.

[0007] Furthermore, a raised structure is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber. The cross-sectional dimensions of the raised structure decrease from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber toward the opening end of the combustion chamber. A flow guide is formed at the end of the raised structure away from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting rod is formed on the top of the guide member, and the guide member is threadedly connected to the piston through the connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide holes are circular holes, and there are multiple sets of guide holes. The multiple sets of guide holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide cavity, and multiple guide holes in each set are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, at least a portion of the guide hole's axis is set at an acute angle to the sidewall of the guide cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide hole is an elongated hole, and there are multiple guide holes. The multiple guide holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide cavity, and each guide hole extends along the axial direction of the guide cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the flow guide cavity are set to increase progressively from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber toward the opening end of the combustion chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the flow guiding cavity has a spherical or conical structure.

[0014] According to another aspect of the invention, an engine is provided, the engine comprising the combustion components described above.

[0015] The present invention provides a flow guide within the combustion chamber. This flow guide has a top-opening flow cavity with flow guide holes on its sidewalls. A gap exists between the flow guide and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber. When the air-fuel mixture within the flow cavity is ignited, the flame is ejected outward through the flow guide holes. As the flame passes through obstacles, it enhances the turbulence and pressure waves within the combustion chamber. The flame front becomes wrinkled upon encountering turbulence, increasing its surface area and allowing heat to be rapidly transferred to the unburned mixture, thereby increasing the combustion rate. Simultaneously, as the flame passes through obstacles, the pressure waves are reflected or focused, increasing the pressure and temperature within the area, further accelerating the flame combustion rate and shortening the combustion cycle. This combustion assembly structure solves the technical problem of low combustion efficiency in existing engine premixed combustion due to a narrow combustion window. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the combustion assembly in this application is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A top view of the combustion assembly in the first embodiment of this application is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of the combustion assembly in the second embodiment of this application is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flame jet path within the guide cavity in this application is shown.

[0021] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Piston;

[0023] 11. Combustion chamber; 12. Protruding structure;

[0024] 2. Airflow guide;

[0025] 21. Connecting rod; 22. Flow guide cavity; 23. Flow guide hole;

[0026] 3. Spark plugs. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0030] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0031] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this application, a combustion assembly is provided.

[0032] Specifically, the combustion assembly includes a piston 1 and a flow guide 2. The piston 1 has a combustion chamber 11 with a top opening. The flow guide 2 is disposed inside the combustion chamber 11 and is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11. The flow guide 2 has a flow guide cavity 22 with a top opening. The side wall of the flow guide cavity 22 is provided with a flow guide hole 23. The flow guide cavity 22 is connected to the combustion chamber 11 through the flow guide hole 23.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, a flow guide 2 is provided inside the combustion chamber 11. The flow guide 2 has a flow guide cavity 22 with a top opening, and a flow guide hole 23 is provided on the side wall of the flow guide cavity 22. A gap is provided between the flow guide 2 and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11. When the mixture in the flow guide cavity 22 is ignited, the flame is ejected outward through the flow guide hole 23. When the flame passes through an obstacle, it enhances the turbulence and pressure wave of the gas in the combustion chamber 11. When the flame front encounters turbulence, it becomes wrinkled, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​the flame front and allowing heat to be transferred quickly to the unburned mixture, thereby increasing the combustion rate. At the same time, when the flame passes through an obstacle, the pressure wave is also reflected or focused, increasing the pressure and temperature in the area, thereby accelerating the flame combustion rate and shortening the combustion cycle. The structure of the above-mentioned combustion assembly solves the technical problem of low combustion efficiency caused by the narrow combustion window in the premixed combustion of engines in the prior art.

[0034] Preferably, there are multiple guide holes 23, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide cavity 22. When the mixed gas in the guide cavity 22 is ignited, the flame is evenly sprayed outward in a multi-point manner, thereby further improving the combustion rate.

[0035] Furthermore, the top surface of the guide member 2 is flush with the top surface of the piston 1.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the guide member 2 has a guide cavity 22 with a top opening. The top surface of the guide member 2 is flush with the top surface of the piston 1, that is, the top surface of the guide cavity 22 is flush with the top surface of the piston 1. The guide cavity 22 can wrap part of the spark plug 3 so that the mixture in the guide cavity 22 is ignited first, which helps the mixture in the combustion chamber 11 to form more concentrated turbulence and pressure waves in the early stage of combustion, further improving the combustion rate and shortening the combustion cycle.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the top surface of the flow guide cavity 22 is flush with the top surface of the piston 1. Part of the spark plug 3 is located in the flow guide cavity 22. At the moment of ignition, the ignition source generated by the spark plug 3 first ignites the mixture in the flow guide cavity 22. The flame then spreads outward rapidly through the flow guide hole 23. That is, the mixture in the combustion chamber 11 can generate concentrated turbulence and pressure waves in the early stage of combustion.

[0038] Furthermore, a protruding structure 12 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11. The cross-sectional dimensions of the protruding structure 12 decrease from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11 toward the opening end of the combustion chamber 11. The guide member 2 is formed at the end of the protruding structure 12 away from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the protruding structure 12 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11. The cross-sectional dimensions of the protruding structure 12 decrease towards the opening end of the combustion chamber 11. When the mixture in the guide cavity 22 is ignited, part of the flame can quickly collide with the surface of the protruding structure 12, thereby rapidly generating turbulence and pressure waves in the mixture in the combustion chamber 11, further improving the combustion rate. The protruding structure 12 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the protruding structure 12 decrease towards the opening end of the combustion chamber 11, meaning that the volume of the central region of the combustion chamber 11 is small, ensuring a rapid ignition response and helping to achieve stable ignition under cold start and other low-load conditions.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, piston 1 is a casting. A combustion chamber 11 is formed on the top of piston 1, and a protruding structure 12 is formed on the bottom surface of combustion chamber 11. The cross-sectional dimensions of the protruding structure 12 decrease from the bottom surface of combustion chamber 11 towards the opening end of combustion chamber 11, minimizing the volume in the central region of combustion chamber 11. The guide member 2 is integrally formed within combustion chamber 11 through a casting process, and is attached to the top surface of the protruding structure 12. The guide member 2 has a hemispherical structure, and its top surface is flush with the top surface of piston 1.

[0041] Preferably, the guide member 2 is connected to the top surface of the protruding structure 12 via a connecting rod 21. The connecting rod 21 is designed to ensure that the top surface of the guide member 2 is flush with the top surface of the piston 1, thereby increasing the volume of the combustion chamber 11 and decreasing the volume of the guide cavity 22, so as to ensure that the mixture in the guide cavity 22 can be fully combusted.

[0042] As an alternative implementation, the top of the guide member 2 is formed with a connecting rod 21, and the guide member 2 is threadedly connected to the piston 1 through the connecting rod 21.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, the shape of the guide hole 23 is not limited and can be circular, rectangular or other shapes.

[0044] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the guide hole 23 is a circular hole, and there are multiple sets of guide holes 23. The multiple sets of guide holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential surface of the guide cavity 22, and the multiple guide holes 23 in each set of guide holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, multiple sets of guide holes 23 are spaced apart along the circumferential surface of the guide cavity 22, that is, the flame in the guide cavity 22 can radiate outward along the circumference of the guide cavity 22. Multiple guide holes 23 in each set of guide holes 23 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22, that is, the flame in the guide cavity 22 can radiate outward along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22. The distribution of the guide holes 23 in this way enables the flame in the guide cavity 22 to spread rapidly in multiple directions, which not only increases the combustion coverage area, but also ensures the staggered extension of the flame front through the spacing effect between the guide holes 23. This staggered effect further enhances the turbulence of the gas in the combustion chamber 11, accelerates the combustion speed, shortens the combustion duration, and improves the combustion efficiency.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, four sets of guide holes 23 are provided on the side wall of the guide cavity 22. The guide holes 23 are circular holes. The four sets of guide holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide cavity 22. Each set of guide holes 23 has two guide holes 23, and the two guide holes 23 in each set are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22. The diameter of the guide cavity 22 is D, where 19mm≤D≤22mm, and the diameter of the guide holes 23 is d, where 1mm≤d≤3mm.

[0047] Preferably, the axis of at least a portion of the guide holes 23 is set at an acute angle to the sidewall of the guide cavity 22. This arrangement can change the propagation direction of the flame jet, which helps the flame to spread laterally within the combustion chamber 11, covering more of the mixture and thus accelerating the full development of combustion.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the angle between the axis of the guide hole 23 and the side wall of the guide cavity 22 is α, where 10°≤α≤15°.

[0049] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, the guide hole 23 is an elongated hole, and there are multiple guide holes 23. The multiple guide holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential surface of the guide cavity 22, and each guide hole 23 extends along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, four guide holes 23 are provided on the side wall of the guide cavity 22. The guide holes 23 are elongated holes, and the four guide holes 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide cavity 22. Each guide hole 23 extends along the axial direction of the guide cavity 22. The diameter of the guide cavity 22 is D, where 19mm≤D≤22mm, the length of the guide hole 23 is L, where L≤12mm, and the length of the guide hole 23 is W, where 1mm≤W≤3mm.

[0051] As an alternative implementation, the guide hole 23 can also be a composite hole type, that is, the guide hole 23 can be a combination of round hole and elongated hole.

[0052] Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the flow guide cavity 22 are set to increase progressively from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11 toward the opening end of the combustion chamber 11.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional dimensions of the guide cavity 22 increase from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 11 toward the opening end of the combustion chamber 11. That is, as the flame in the guide cavity 22 propagates upward, the space gradually increases, thereby increasing the propagation speed of the flame. This allows the flame to contact the unburned mixture at a higher speed and with greater kinetic energy, thereby promoting the rapid diffusion of the flame and the uniform combustion of the mixture.

[0054] Preferably, the flow guiding cavity 22 has a spherical or conical structure.

[0055] According to another specific embodiment of this application, an engine is provided, which includes the combustion components described in the above embodiments.

[0056] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0057] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0058] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion assembly, characterized in that, include: Piston (1), the piston (1) having a combustion chamber (11) with a top opening. A flow guide (2) is disposed in the combustion chamber (11). The flow guide (2) is disposed with a gap between it and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (11). The flow guide (2) has a flow guide cavity (22) with a top opening. A flow guide hole (23) is provided on the side wall of the flow guide cavity (22). The flow guide cavity (22) is connected to the combustion chamber (11) through the flow guide hole (23).

2. The combustion assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the guide (2) is flush with the top surface of the piston (1).

3. The combustion assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A protruding structure (12) is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (11). The cross-sectional dimensions of the protruding structure (12) decrease from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (11) toward the opening end of the combustion chamber (11). The guide member (2) is formed at the end of the protruding structure (12) away from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (11).

4. The combustion assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The top of the guide (2) is formed with a connecting rod (21), and the guide (2) is threadedly connected to the piston (1) through the connecting rod (21).

5. The combustion assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guide hole (23) is a circular hole. There are multiple sets of guide holes (23). Multiple sets of guide holes (23) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide cavity (22). Multiple guide holes (23) in each set of guide holes (23) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide cavity (22).

6. The combustion assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least a portion of the axis of the guide hole (23) is set at an acute angle to the side wall of the guide cavity (22).

7. The combustion assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guide hole (23) is an elongated hole. There are multiple guide holes (23). The multiple guide holes (23) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential surface of the guide cavity (22). Each guide hole (23) extends along the axial direction of the guide cavity (22).

8. The combustion assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimensions of the flow guide cavity (22) are arranged in an increasing manner from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (11) toward the opening end of the combustion chamber (11).

9. The combustion assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guide cavity (22) is a spherical or conical structure.

10. An engine, characterized in that, The engine includes the combustion assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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