A sample device for extracting liquid from phellodendron amurense and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of extract of phellodendron chinense sampling equipment and its using method, belong to detection sampling equipment technical field, this extract of phellodendron chinense sampling equipment, including extraction component, including the joint one, joint two and joint three installed through along the side wall of extraction kettle from top to bottom, the joint one and joint two are connected with sleeve one, the lower end of joint two is equipped with joint four at the height of joint three by sleeve two, the joint four and joint three are connected with sleeve three, the sleeve one, sleeve two and sleeve three are connected with cold source, the inlet end of joint one, joint two and joint four is equipped with metering valve.The application is accurately controlled 2:3:5 flow ratio by being equipped with joint one, joint two and joint three from top to bottom along the side wall of extraction kettle, and cooperating metering valve, the simultaneous stratified sampling of upper, middle and lower three layers of extract is realized, the representativeness and detection accuracy of sample are significantly improved, overcome the defect that traditional single-point sampling cannot reflect the real material distribution in kettle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of sampling equipment, and particularly relates to a Phellodendri chinensis extract sampling equipment and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Phellodendri chinensis is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal material, and its main active ingredient is Berberine, which has significant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects. In the industrial extraction process, continuous extraction is usually carried out by using an ethanol reflux method, and the obtained extract has the characteristics of high viscosity, strong heat sensitivity and easy crystallization. In order to ensure the process stability and product quality consistency, the extract in the extraction process needs to be sampled and detected on-line in a representative and high-fidelity manner.

[0003] However, the existing technology generally uses a single sampling valve to directly draw out the sample from the bottom or sidewall of the extraction kettle, which has the following outstanding problems: the extraction liquid in the kettle has obvious temperature and concentration stratification (upper clear liquid, middle transition liquid and lower high solid turbidity liquid), and single-point sampling cannot reflect the overall material state; the temperature of the just-out extraction liquid is often as high as 70-90℃, and Berberine is easy to pyrolyze or oxidize at high temperature, resulting in distorted detection results; in order to avoid high-pressure spatter, the traditional method needs to pause stirring, reduce temperature and pressure before sampling, which seriously affects the continuous production efficiency.

[0004] Although some equipment attempts to introduce a cooling sleeve or a filtering structure, the high-concentration extraction liquid flows in a laminar flow in a conventional straight pipe, the heat transfer efficiency is poor, and the solubility of ethanol decreases after being cooled, so that Berberine is quickly crystallized and blocked in the filtering structure, which is difficult to meet the demand of modern traditional Chinese medicine intelligent manufacturing for high-precision, high-efficiency and high-reliability sampling. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a Phellodendri chinensis extract sampling equipment and a use method thereof.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted to solve the above technical problem is:

[0007] The application provides a Phellodendri chinensis extract sampling equipment, which comprises an extraction assembly, a compensation assembly, a conveying assembly and an output assembly.

[0008] The extraction assembly comprises a joint one, a joint two and a joint three which are installed through the side wall of the extraction kettle from top to bottom; the joint one is connected with the joint two through a sleeve one; the lower end of the joint two extends to the same height position as the joint three through a sleeve two, and is provided with a joint four; the joint four is connected with the joint three through a sleeve three; the sleeve one, the sleeve two and the sleeve three are all connected with a cold source outside, for gradient cooling of the extraction liquid at different layers; the inlet ends of the joint one, the joint two and the joint four are respectively provided with metering valves for independently regulating the flow rate ratio of the fluid at each layer.

[0009] The compensation assembly comprises a U-shaped tube, the bottom of which is fixedly connected with the shell; an inner sleeve is coaxially embedded in the shell, and the two form an annular partition cavity; a spiral tube is embedded in the partition cavity, the bottom end of which is communicated with the four outlets of the joint through the U-shaped tube, and the top end penetrates out of the top surface of the partition cavity and extends into the inside of the shell; a sliding plug is slidingly installed in the middle part of the shell along the height direction, and the sliding plug is connected with a blade below the sliding plug through a middle rod, the blade is opposite to the outlet of the spiral tube, and is used for receiving the impact of the high-speed jet flow and rotating mixing.

[0010] The conveying assembly comprises a valve one, a pump and a three-way reversing valve (valve two) connected in sequence; the valve one is connected with the outlet of the U-shaped tube; the first outlet of the valve two is communicated with the supernatant region in the extraction kettle through a reflux pipe, and the second outlet is connected with the output assembly.

[0011] The output assembly comprises a quick plug, which is communicated with the second outlet of the valve two; the lower end of the quick plug is detachably plugged into a quick socket; a sealing plug is assembled at the outlet end of the quick socket, and a liquid passage independent of each other is arranged in the sealing plug, so that the whole sampling process is sealed, and the extraction liquid is prevented from contacting air.

[0012] A use method of a Phellodendri chinensis extract solution sampling device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Layered drainage and gradient cooling

[0014] Each metering valve, the cold source and the valve one are opened, so that the extraction liquid in the extraction kettle flows out in a preset proportion: the supernatant (20%) is cooled through the joint one and enters the sleeve one - because it is close to the solvent vapor area, the temperature is relatively high, and it needs to be cooled quickly in priority; the middle layer extraction liquid (30%) is cooled through the joint two and enters the sleeve two, and is turbulently mixed with the supernatant at the joint two, so that the heat exchange time is prolonged to inhibit the precipitation of berberine due to too fast local cooling; the lower turbid liquid (50%) enters the horizontally arranged sleeve three through the joint three, the residence time is prolonged by reducing the flow rate, and the cooled supernatant and middle layer extraction liquid are used for dilution and compensation cooling of the turbid liquid, so as to improve the fluidity and overall heat exchange efficiency of the high solid content fluid; the three fluids are combined at the joint four to realize representative mixing.

[0015] S2. Turbulent enhanced mixing and secondary cooling

[0016] The mixed solution enters the spiral pipe through the U-shaped pipe, and under the effect of the diameter-reducing acceleration, the mixed solution high-frequency impacts the pipe wall along the spiral path, destroys the laminar boundary layer of the viscous fluid, induces micro-scale turbulence, and significantly enhances heat and mass transfer. The circulating low-temperature heat exchange medium in the partition cavity wraps the outer wall of the spiral pipe for cooling, so that the extraction liquid is rapidly reduced to ≤40°C, preventing the pyrolysis of berberine and preventing scalding during operation. The high-speed jet is sprayed from the top end of the spiral pipe along the tangential direction, impacting the blades to make them rotate, driving the liquid in the outer shell to form a large-scale vortex, achieving macro-homogenization of the extraction liquid across time periods, and ensuring the consistency of sample temperature and concentration.

[0017] S3. Pressure adaptive sampling without shutdown

[0018] The device supports continuous operation of the extraction process: the metering valve accurately controls the unit flow rate, and the pre-cooling effectively suppresses high-pressure spattering. If flash evaporation causes a sudden increase in internal pressure, the sliding plug moves upward under pressure, increasing the volume of the inner cavity of the outer shell, which acts as a buffer to stabilize the pressure and prevent system overpressure.

[0019] S4. Closed oxygen-free sampling

[0020] Turn on the pump and valve two (switch to the sampling position), the extraction liquid flows into the liquid passage of the sealing plug through the quick connector, and is directly injected into the sampling bottle. The whole process is isolated from oxygen and light, effectively inhibiting the oxidation and photolysis of berberine, ensuring the chemical stability of the sample and the detection accuracy.

[0021] S5. Online hot flushing and material recovery

[0022] After sampling is completed: turn off the cooling source, switch valve two to the reflux position, and reverse the pump; use the high-temperature upper clear liquid in the extraction kettle to reverse flush the extraction assembly and the spiral pipe, dissolve the berberine crystals precipitated due to cooling, and achieve self-cleaning; the flushing liquid and residual extraction liquid are all refluxed to the extraction kettle, avoiding the loss of effective components and meeting the principles of green pharmacy.

[0023] S6. Emptying to prevent pollution before sampling.

[0024] Further, it further includes a gas supply assembly, the gas supply assembly includes a gas source; the gas source is communicated with the output assembly through a hose; a light shielding bottle is movably inserted into the lower end of the sealing plug; the inside of the sealing plug is provided with a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel which are independent of each other; the gas inlet channel is communicated with the hose for introducing inert gas; the gas outlet channel is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and a one-way valve is arranged at the outlet end of the gas outlet channel to allow gas to be discharged outward only.

[0025] By the technical scheme, the inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) is pre-charged into the light-shielding bottle through the air supply assembly before sampling, so as to prevent photolysis or oxidative degradation of effective components such as berberine in the extract of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex caused by light or oxygen contact during sampling and subsequent transportation. The inert gas enters the bottom of the light-shielding bottle through the air inlet channel, replaces the air in the bottle from bottom to top, and discharges the original gas through the air outlet channel. The one-way valve ensures that the external air cannot flow back. After a stable inert atmosphere is formed in the bottle, the extract flows into the light-shielding bottle, and the whole process is in a light-shielding, oxygen-isolating and inert protection environment. The design effectively strengthens the stability of the key weak link of the sampling terminal, significantly improves the chemical integrity and detection accuracy of the sample, and cooperates with the quick plug sealing structure to realize high reliability and high fidelity of the sealed sampling.

[0026] Further, the gas source is connected with a spare pipe, the spare pipe includes a cover and a spring pipe; the cover is fixed on the top of the shell and forms a sliding sealing fit with the vertical outer side wall of the sliding plug; the spring pipe is arranged inside the cover and is coiled between the top surface of the sliding plug and the top wall of the cover; the side wall of the cover is provided with an opening for the spring pipe to pass out and communicate with the external hose.

[0027] Through the above technical scheme, the quick plug seat can be separated from the fixed quick plug during the installation of the sampling bottle, and the sealing plug can be moved flexibly by pulling the hose, improving the operation convenience; the opening in the side wall of the cover allows the spring pipe to freely enter and exit during movement, and the elastic deformation capability of the spring pipe effectively expands the operation stroke of the sealing plug; in the sampling state, if flash evaporation occurs in the extraction system, causing a sudden increase in internal pressure, the sliding plug moves upward under pressure, at which time the spring pipe applies an auxiliary load downward by virtue of its pre-compressed elastic force, partially offsetting the fluid pressure acting on the sliding plug, thereby significantly improving the maximum pressure difference that the sliding plug assembly can withstand within a limited sliding stroke; this design enhances the buffering capability of the compensation assembly to severe pressure fluctuations without increasing the structure size, improving the pressure adaptability and operation stability of the system.

[0028] Further, it further includes a base, the base is provided with a support at a position corresponding to the bottom surface of the light-shielding bottle; the support is slidingly installed on the base in the vertical direction and is elastically connected with the base through a compression spring.

[0029] Through the above technical scheme, the base provides stable support for the compensation assembly; during sampling, the support bears the bottom of the light-shielding bottle, ensuring its stable positioning; when installing the sampling bottle, the support can be pressed down to compress the spring, increasing the operation gap between the sealing plug and the bottle mouth, facilitating quick insertion; after the light-shielding bottle is installed in place, the spring automatically rebounds, pushing the support to reset upward, so that the bottle body is reliably clamped at the bottom of the sealing plug, forming a continuous axial pre-tightening force; this pre-tightening force effectively prevents the sampling bottle from loosening due to fluid impact or equipment vibration under the condition of no external force intervention, ensuring the airtightness and operation safety of the sampling process.

[0030] Further, the bottom end of the shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the bottom end of the spiral pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet through a relay pipe for introducing the extraction liquid to be cooled; the liquid outlet is not communicated with the partition cavity, and only serves as an extraction liquid outlet channel and is connected with valve one; the middle rod is provided with a plurality of dispersing pieces equidistantly along the central axis of the spiral pipe; the shell is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe at the bottom and top of the partition cavity respectively, and the partition cavity is connected with the circulating cold source through the inlet pipe, and the heat exchange medium flows from bottom to top through the partition cavity and is discharged through the outlet pipe.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the low-temperature heat exchange medium provided by the circulating cold source enters the bottom of the partition cavity through the inlet pipe, flows through the outer periphery of the spiral pipe in a countercurrent manner from bottom to top, and realizes forced cooling of the whole periphery; at the same time, the inner sleeve serves as the inner wall structure of the partition cavity and continuously maintains a low temperature under the action of the heat exchange medium, and when the extraction liquid is sprayed out from the top end of the spiral pipe and flows downward along the inner wall of the inner sleeve, secondary contact heat exchange with the cold surface can occur, further reducing the liquid temperature; in addition, the dispersing pieces equidistantly arranged on the middle rod break the falling liquid flow into fine droplets or liquid films, significantly increasing the contact area and heat transfer efficiency with the low-temperature wall surface; through the synergistic mechanism of countercurrent circulation cooling, double contact cooling, and liquid flow dispersing and heat transfer enhancement, the overall cooling rate is efficiently improved in a limited space, ensuring that the high-viscosity corydalis bungeana extract liquid is quickly and uniformly cooled to below ℃, effectively inhibiting the pyrolysis and crystallization of berberine and other heat-sensitive components.

[0032] Further, the valve one is a three-way reversing valve, the lower end outlet of which is connected with a waste pipe, and the end of the waste pipe is provided with a waste bucket for collecting the flushing waste liquid; the return pipe is provided with a transparent perspective piece at one end adjacent to the valve two, for real-time visual monitoring of the fluid state and inner wall deposition in the pipe.

[0033] Through the above technical solution, in the initial stage of sampling, the valve one is switched to the waste discharge station, and the front-end stagnant liquid or the extraction liquid that has not reached a steady state is introduced into the waste pipe and temporarily stored in the waste bucket, realizing online pre-flushing of the extraction assembly and the compensation assembly; when the cumulative volume of the discharged liquid reaches more than twice the total volume of the extraction assembly and the compensation assembly, or the physicochemical parameters of the extraction liquid are confirmed by a handheld detection device (such as a refractometer, a pH meter, or an online concentration sensor) to meet the sampling requirements, the formal sampling process can be switched; at the same time, since the return pipe is exposed to the ambient air, the high-temperature extraction liquid in the pipe is prone to crystallization of berberine and other heat-sensitive components due to decreased solubility caused by heat dissipation during the return process, which poses a risk of blockage, and the perspective piece can directly observe the pipe wall deposits or flow abnormalities; once crystallization or blockage is found, the pump can be started immediately to inject the high-temperature supernatant in the extraction kettle into the return pipe through the valve two in the reverse direction, to implement in-situ hot flushing, efficiently dissolve the deposits, restore the smoothness of the pipeline, avoid disassembly and maintenance, and ensure continuous, safe, and reliable operation of the system.

[0034] Further, the joint one is provided with a filter pipe seat which penetrates and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extraction kettle; an outer thread is arranged outside the filter pipe seat and is matched with the inner thread of the spinning sleeve for screwing; the spinning sleeve is arranged on the inlet end of the joint one and is used for axially pressing the filter element; the joint two and the joint three are connected to the extraction kettle in the same structure as the joint one, so as to realize the modularized unified design of the three sampling ports.

[0035] Through the above technical scheme, the detachable filter pipe seat is arranged upstream of the joint one, the joint two and the joint three before the extraction liquid enters the extraction assembly, so as to effectively intercept the solid impurities such as the Coptis teeta residue suspended in the extraction kettle; the replaceable filter plate is arranged in the filter pipe seat and is fixed and sealed by the thread pressing of the spinning sleeve, so as to not only ensure the filtering reliability, but also facilitate the regular dismounting, cleaning or replacement of the filter element; the design significantly reduces the risk of solid particles entering the sleeve one, the sleeve two, the sleeve three and the subsequent compensation assembly, thereby reducing the system blockage risk, prolonging the continuous operation cycle of the equipment and simplifying the maintenance operation.

[0036] Further, the sleeve one is provided with a heat exchange cavity one in the axial direction, and the top end and the bottom end of the heat exchange cavity one are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe one and a drain pipe one; the sleeve two is provided with a heat exchange cavity two in the axial direction, and the top end and the bottom end of the heat exchange cavity two are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe two and a drain pipe two; the joint two is provided with a communication cavity between the heat exchange cavity one and the heat exchange cavity two, so that the cooling circuits of the two are in fluid communication in the joint area.

[0037] Through the above technical scheme, the cooling medium flows through the water inlet pipe one→the heat exchange cavity one→the drain pipe one and the water inlet pipe two→the heat exchange cavity two→the drain pipe two from bottom to top respectively, forming a countercurrent heat exchange path, which efficiently takes away the heat of the extraction liquid in the sleeve; the arrangement of the communication cavity enables the cooling medium to flow into the body of the joint two, so as to actively cool the joint two, effectively reduce the thermal expansion difference between the joint two and the adjacent sleeve one and sleeve two, and avoid the sealing failure or interface leakage caused by thermal stress concentration; in addition, during cleaning and maintenance, the cooling liquid can be injected from the water inlet pipe two, sequentially flow through the heat exchange cavity two, the communication cavity and the heat exchange cavity one, and finally be discharged from the drain pipe one, so as to realize two-stage heat exchange.

[0038] Further, the sleeve three is arranged in three levels, and the jacket structure comprises ring cavity one, ring cavity two and ring cavity three which are sequentially communicated along the axial direction, wherein the ring cavity two is located in the middle part, and the ring cavity one and the ring cavity three are respectively arranged at two ends of the ring cavity two; the inner tube outer wall of the sleeve three is provided with a radial extending heat exchange fin in the corresponding area of the ring cavity two; the water inlet pipe three is arranged in the middle section of the ring cavity one and is used for introducing the cooling medium; the water outlet pipe three is arranged in the middle section of the ring cavity three and is used for discharging the cooled cooling medium; the lower end of the water inlet pipe three is connected with the water collector two, and the water collector two is connected with the water inlet pipe one of the sleeve one and the water inlet pipe two of the sleeve two in parallel to form a unified liquid supply main pipe; the lower end of the water outlet pipe three is connected with the water collector one, and the water collector one is connected with the water outlet pipe one of the sleeve one and the water outlet pipe two of the sleeve two in parallel to form a unified liquid return main pipe.

[0039] Through the above technical scheme, for the lower layer turbid liquid with high solid content and low flow rate, the cooling medium in the ring cavity two can implement efficient contact cooling on the lower layer turbid liquid, the heat exchange fin significantly increases the heat transfer area and strengthens the heat exchange efficiency; the ring cavity one and the ring cavity three serve as flow guiding buffer cavities, effectively avoid local flow blockage caused by the heat exchange fin, and promote the cooling medium to quickly and uniformly fill the entire ring cavity two, so that full circumferential wrapping and temperature field homogenization of the fluid in the pipe are realized; meanwhile, the cooling circuits of the three sets of sleeves are connected in parallel through the water collector one and the water collector two, only one pair of inlet and outlet interfaces is needed to connect the external cooling liquid circulating system, and the pipeline layout is greatly simplified, the number of joints is reduced, and the leakage risk is reduced; in addition, since thermal stress fatigue is prone to occur in the inlet and outlet sections of the sleeve due to cold and hot alternation, the centralized leading-out and modular connection design facilitates overall disassembly and maintenance and replacement, and improves the reliability and serviceability of long-term operation of the equipment.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0041] (1) The present application sets the joint one, joint two and joint three along the side wall of the extraction kettle from top to bottom, and cooperates with the metering valve to accurately control the flow ratio of 2:3:5, so as to realize the synchronous layered sampling of the upper, middle and lower three layers of extraction liquid, significantly improve the representativeness and detection accuracy of the sample, and overcome the defect that the traditional single-point sampling cannot reflect the real material distribution in the kettle;

[0042] (2) The present application implements gradient cooling on the extraction liquid with different temperature zones and concentrations through the sleeve one, sleeve two and sleeve three, the upper clear liquid is preferentially and quickly cooled, the middle layer is mixed and the heat exchange time is prolonged, the lower layer turbid liquid adopts horizontal low-speed and heat exchange fin to strengthen heat transfer, and the high-temperature turbid liquid is diluted and compensated by the cooled fluid, which not only avoids local supercooling crystallization, but also greatly improves the overall cooling efficiency, ensures that the extraction liquid is quickly reduced to below 40 DEG C for safe sampling, and effectively inhibits the pyrolysis of berberine;

[0043] (3) The application realizes high-efficiency homogenization and rapid cooling by the double-stage mixing structure of the spiral tube and the blade, the combination of the dispersing piece and the reverse-flow cooling cavity, the destruction of the laminar flow effect of the high-viscosity extraction liquid in the limited space, the induction of micro-turbulence and macro-vortex, the integration of the gas supply assembly for pre-charging inert gas to the light-shielding bottle, the formation of the light-shielding, oxygen-shielding and low-temperature fully-closed sampling environment, the maximum guarantee of the chemical stability of the effective components such as berberine, and the significant improvement of the sample fidelity and the detection reproducibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of a use state of the application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a position schematic diagram between the sampling device and the extraction kettle of the application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the extraction assembly of the application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram between the joint one, the sleeve one, the joint two and the sleeve two of the application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram between the joint three, the sleeve three and the joint four of the application;

[0049] Figure 6 is a structure schematic diagram between the compensation assembly, the valve one, the pump, the valve two, the gas supply assembly and the output assembly of the application;

[0050] Figure 7 is a position schematic diagram between the compensation assembly, the hose and the spare pipe of the application;

[0051] Figure 8 is a structure schematic diagram between the compensation assembly, the hose and the spare pipe of the application;

[0052] Figure 9 is a structure schematic diagram between the gas supply assembly, the valve two and the output assembly of the application;

[0053] Figure 10 is a structure schematic diagram of the output assembly of the application.

[0054] : 1, extraction kettle; 11, agitator; 12, bottom pipe; 2, cooling reflux assembly; 3, extraction assembly; 31, sleeve one; 311, water inlet pipe one; 312, water outlet pipe one; 314, heat exchange cavity one; 32, joint two; 322, metering valve two; 324, communication cavity; 33, sleeve two; 331, water inlet pipe two; 332, water outlet pipe two; 334, heat exchange cavity two; 34, joint four; 341, metering valve three; 35, sleeve three; 351, water inlet pipe three; 352, water outlet pipe three; 353, heat exchange fin; 354, ring cavity one; 355, ring cavity two; 356, ring cavity three; 36, joint one; 361, filter pipe seat; 362, metering valve one; 363, spinning sleeve; 37, joint three; 38, water collector one; 39, water collector two; 4, compensation assembly; 41, U-shaped pipe; 42, outer shell; 421, outlet pipe; 422, inlet pipe; 44, middle rod; 441, blade; 442, dispersing piece; 443, sliding plug; 444, guide sleeve; 45, spiral pipe; 451, liquid inlet; 46, inner sleeve; 47, partition cavity; 48, liquid outlet; 5, gas supply assembly; 51, gas source; 52, spare pipe; 521, cover; 522, spring pipe; 53, hose; 6, output assembly; 61, quick plug; 62, quick socket; 621, liquid passage; 63, sealing plug; 64, air inlet passage; 65, air outlet passage; 66, one-way valve; 67, light shielding bottle; 7, valve two; 71, reflux pipe; 72, perspective piece; 8, pump; 9, valve one; 91, waste pipe; 92, waste bucket; 10, base; 101, support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be given below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0056] As shown in Figures 1 to 10 , the present embodiment provides an online closed sampling device for Phellodendri chinensis extract. The device can realize integrated operation of stratified representative sampling, gradient cooling, anti-pyrolysis, anti-oxidation, anti-clogging, and self-cleaning recovery under the condition of no shutdown and no pressure relief during the extraction process.

[0057] The extraction kettle 1 is provided with an agitator 11, which can be used to stir and premix the extract before sampling. The bottom of the extraction kettle 1 is provided with a bottom pipe 12, which can be used to discharge the extract into the next process. The extraction kettle 1 is provided with a cooling reflux assembly 2, which is used for reflux extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, so as to fully utilize Phellodendri chinensis medicinal materials. The sampling device comprises an extraction assembly 3, a compensation assembly 4, a conveying assembly, and an output assembly 6.

[0058] Regarding the extraction assembly 3, reference is made to Figure 3 ,Figure 4 and Figure 5 A joint one 36, a joint two 32 and a joint three 37 are sequentially and penetratively installed along the sidewall of the extraction kettle 1 from top to bottom. The joint one 36 and the joint two 32 are communicated through a sleeve one 31; the lower end of the joint two 32 extends to the same height position of the joint three 37 through a sleeve two 33 and is connected to a joint four 34; the joint four 34 and the joint three 37 are communicated through a sleeve three 35; the outer periphery of the sleeve one 31, the sleeve two 33 and the sleeve three 35 is provided with a cold source interface for introducing cooling medium to realize staged temperature control; the inlet end of the joint one 36, the joint two 32 and the joint four 34 is respectively provided with a metering valve one 362, a metering valve two 322 and a metering valve three 341 for independently adjusting the flow ratio of each layer fluid.

[0059] Regarding the compensation assembly 4, referring to Figure 8 , including a U-shaped tube 41, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to an outer shell 42; the outer shell 42 is coaxially embedded with an inner sleeve 46, and the two form an annular partition cavity 47; a spiral tube 45 is embedded in the partition cavity 47, the bottom end of which is communicated with the outlet of the joint four 34 through the U-shaped tube 41, and the top end penetrates out of the top surface of the partition cavity 47 and extends into the inside of the outer shell 42; a sliding plug 443 is axially slidably installed in the middle of the outer shell 42, and the sliding plug 443 is connected to a blade 441 below it through a middle rod 44, the blade 441 is opposite to the outlet of the spiral tube 45, for receiving high-speed jet impact and rotating mixing.

[0060] Regarding the delivery assembly, referring to Figure 6 , including a valve one 9, a pump 8 and a three-way reversing valve (valve two 7) connected in series; the valve one 9 is communicated with the outlet of the U-shaped tube 41; the first outlet of the valve two 7 is communicated with the upper clear liquid area in the extraction kettle 1 through a backflow pipe 71, and the second outlet is connected to the output assembly 6.

[0061] Regarding the output assembly 6, referring to Figure 10 , including a quick plug 61, which is communicated with the second outlet of the valve two 7; the lower end of the quick plug 61 is detachably plugged into a quick socket 62; the quick socket 62 is assembled with a sealing plug 63 at the outlet end, and the inside of the sealing plug 63 is provided with a liquid passage 621 which is isolated from each other, to ensure the whole sampling process is sealed and avoid the extraction liquid contacting air.

[0062] Regarding the sampling method, the sampling method includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Layered drainage and gradient cooling:

[0064] Open metering valve one 362, metering valve two 322, metering valve three 341, cold source and valve one 9, so that the extraction liquid in the extraction kettle 1 flows out in a predetermined proportion; the upper layer of clear liquid (20% of the proportion) enters the sleeve one 31 for cooling through the joint one 36 - because it is close to the solvent vapor area, the temperature is relatively high, and it needs to be cooled first; the middle layer of extraction liquid (30% of the proportion) enters the sleeve two 33 for cooling through the joint two 32, and is preliminarily mixed with the upper layer of clear liquid at the joint two 32; the lower layer of turbid liquid (50% of the proportion) enters the transversely placed sleeve three 35 for cooling through the joint three 37 - because of its high solid content and poor thermal conductivity, a low flow rate and long residence time design is adopted to enhance heat transfer; the three streams converge at the joint four 34, and the upper and middle layers of clear liquid, which have been fully cooled, are used to dilute and compensate for the temperature of the high-temperature and high-concentration lower layer of turbid liquid, thereby improving the overall fluidity and cooling efficiency.

[0065] S2. Turbulence-enhanced mixing and secondary cooling:

[0066] The mixed liquid enters the spiral pipe 45 through the U-shaped pipe 41, under the action of diameter reduction and acceleration, the fluid collides with the pipe wall along the spiral path at a high frequency, the laminar boundary layer is destroyed, micro-scale turbulence is induced, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is significantly improved; the cooling medium is filled in the partition cavity 47, and the secondary heat exchange is performed between the cooling medium and the outer wall of the spiral pipe 45, so that the temperature of the extraction liquid is rapidly reduced to ≤40℃, and the pyrolysis of berberine is effectively inhibited; the high-speed jet flow is sprayed from the top end of the spiral pipe 45 along the tangential direction, impacts the blade 441 to make it rotate, drives the liquid in the outer shell 42 to form a large-scale vortex, realizes the macro-homogenization of the extraction liquid across the time period, and guarantees the consistency of the sample temperature and concentration.

[0067] S3. Pressure self-adaptation without shutdown:

[0068] The device can take samples without shutdown: the metering valve accurately controls the flow rate of each layer, avoiding the loss of control of sampling caused by high pressure in the kettle; if flashing or instantaneous pressure fluctuation occurs, the sliding plug 443 can displace along the axial direction, increasing the cavity volume in the outer shell 42, playing a role in buffering and pressure stabilization, and maintaining the safety of the system.

[0069] S4. Closed oxygen-free sampling:

[0070] Open the pump 8 and valve two 7 (switch to the sampling position), the extraction liquid flows into the liquid passage 621 of the sealing plug 63 through the quick connector 61, and is directly injected into the sampling bottle; the whole process is isolated from oxygen to prevent the oxidation degradation of berberine, oxygen-dehydrogenated berberine and the like, and to ensure the chemical stability and detection accuracy of the sample.

[0071] S5. Online hot flushing and material recovery:

[0072] After sampling: close the cooling source, switch valve two 7 to the backflow position, and start the pump 8 in reverse; use the high-temperature supernatant in the extraction kettle 1 to backwash the extraction assembly 3 and the spiral tube 45, dissolve the berberine crystals precipitated due to cooling, and achieve self-cleaning; the washing liquid and residual extraction liquid are all backflowed to the extraction kettle 1, avoiding loss of effective components and meeting the principles of green pharmacy.

[0073] S6. Empty before next sampling:

[0074] Before sampling again, the residual clear liquid in the compensation assembly 4 and the extraction assembly 3 is discharged through the quick plug 61 to ensure that the new sample is not contaminated and the authenticity of sampling is guaranteed.

[0075] In further embodiments, a gas supply assembly 5 is also included to avoid decomposition of the extraction liquid during sampling and transportation, thereby reducing the concentration, with reference to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The gas supply assembly 5 includes a gas source 51, and a separate gas supply assembly 5 is provided to provide inert gas to the air inlet channel 64 through the gas source 51 before the extraction liquid flows out of the sealing plug 63. Specifically, the lower end of the sealing plug 63 is movably inserted with a light-shielding bottle 67, the sealing plug 63 is provided with an air inlet channel 64 and an air outlet channel 65, the air outlet channel 65 is in communication with the outside atmosphere, the end of the air outlet channel 65 is provided with a one-way valve 66, the air inlet channel 64 is in communication with the hose 53, the inert gas is sprayed into the light-shielding bottle 67, the air inside the light-shielding bottle 67 is discharged through the air outlet channel 65, so that the light-shielding bottle 67 is in an inert gas atmosphere, the incoming extraction liquid is protected by light-shielding and oxygen isolation, and there is no photolysis and oxidation decomposition environment, which effectively controls the stability of the effective substances in the extraction liquid and optimizes the weak link of the sampling structure and the container docking.

[0076] In further embodiments, for the rapid assembly of the sealing plug 63 and the light-shielding bottle 67, with reference to Figure 8 and Figure 9The air source 51 is connected with a spare pipe 52, the spare pipe 52 is divided into a cover 521 and a spring pipe 522, the quick socket 62 and the fixed quick plug 61 are separated, the flexible hose 53 is pulled to make the sealing plug 63 move flexibly, the side wall of the cover 521 has an opening, the spring pipe 522 is smoothly in and out of the cover 521, the deformation of the spring pipe 522 improves the moving range of the sealing plug 63, and the cover 521 is fixed on the top of the shell 42 and is in sliding contact with the vertical side wall of the sliding plug 443, the spring pipe 522 is installed in the cover 521 and is arranged between the top surface of the sliding plug 443 and the top surface of the cover 521, after assembly, when flashing occurs during sampling, the self-elasticity of the spring pipe 522 can press down the sliding plug 443, offset part of the pressure received by the sliding plug 443, so that the pressure that can be borne by the sliding plug 443 during upward movement is greatly increased, the limited sliding stroke of the sliding plug 443 is used to resist greater internal pressure fluctuation, the upper limit of compensation is improved, and the adaptability is stronger, and the guide sleeve 444 is arranged on the top of the sliding plug 443, the radial deviation of the sliding plug 443 and the spring pipe 522 can be prevented, and stable vertical sliding and compression can be ensured.

[0077] In further embodiments, the base 10 is further included, with reference to Figure 6 The base 10 stabilizes the position of the compensation assembly 4, the base 10 is provided with a support frame 101 corresponding to the bottom surface of the light shielding bottle 67, the support frame 101 can slide vertically along the base 10, and the support frame 101 is connected with the base 10 through a spring, in the sampling process, the support frame 101 can bear the sampling bottle, and when the sampling bottle is installed, the support frame 101 can be pressed down to compress the spring, so that the installation operation is facilitated, after the sampling bottle is installed in place, the spring rebounds to stably press the sampling bottle against the bottom of the sealing plug 63, forming a stable pre-tightening force, avoiding the sampling bottle from falling off during sampling without external force applied by the worker.

[0078] In further embodiments, in order to cooperate with the spiral pipe 45 to quickly cool down, with reference to Figure 7The bottom end of the shell 42 is provided with a liquid inlet 451 and a liquid outlet 48. The bottom opening of the spiral pipe 45 is connected with the liquid inlet 451 through a relay pipe. The liquid outlet 48 is not communicated with the partition cavity 47. The shell 42 is communicated with the valve 1 through the liquid outlet 48. The shell 42 is provided with an outlet pipe 421 and an inlet pipe 422 corresponding to the top and bottom of the partition cavity 47. The partition cavity 47 is connected with the circulating cold source through the outlet pipe 421 and the inlet pipe 422. The flowing heat exchange medium is filled in the partition cavity 47. The heat exchange medium can be lowered to the top and outlet. The spiral pipe 45 can be wrapped and cooled. Moreover, the inner sleeve 46 is also cooled by the heat exchange medium. When the extracted liquid sprayed and lowered from the spiral pipe 45 contacts the inner wall of the inner sleeve 46 again, the extracted liquid is cooled again. Through the circulating low-temperature heat exchange medium and the increased contact area, the cooling efficiency is improved. The middle rod 44 is provided with a scattering piece 442 along the center axis of the spiral pipe 45 at equal intervals. The extracted liquid lowered can be centrifugally stirred. The extracted liquid close to the middle rod 44 is alternately washed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 46. The heat exchange and cooling efficiency is effectively improved.

[0079] In further embodiments, the valve 1 is a three-way reversing valve. Referring to Figure 6 In the initial sampling stage, the valve 1 is provided with a waste pipe 91 at the lower end. The lower end of the waste pipe 91 is provided with a waste bucket 92. The liquid head is introduced into the waste pipe 91 by the valve 1. Before formal sampling, the extracted liquid is used to flush the extraction assembly 3 and the compensation assembly 4. When the extracted liquid introduced reaches more than twice the volume of the extraction assembly 3 and the compensation assembly 4, or the extracted liquid is detected to be in compliance by using a handheld detection device, normal sampling can be performed. At the same time, the return pipe 71 is provided with a perspective piece 72 close to one end of the valve 2. Because the return pipe 71 is exposed to the air, the liquid in the return pipe 71 can also be cooled and solidified. Therefore, the perspective piece 72 is arranged to observe the inner wall of the return pipe 71. If the solidification causes blockage, high-temperature extracted liquid can be introduced into the return pipe 71 by using the pump 8 to directly perform hot flushing operation.

[0080] In further embodiments, to avoid solid impurities blocking the pipeline, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The joint 1 is provided with a filter pipe seat 361. The filter pipe seat 361 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the extraction kettle 1. The outer side of the filter pipe seat 361 is provided with a spinning sleeve 363. The spinning sleeve 363 is sleeved and arranged at the inlet end of the joint 1. The joint 2 and the joint 3 are connected with the extraction kettle 1 in the same way as the joint 1. The filter pipe seat 361 is arranged upstream of the joint 1, the joint 2 and the joint 3 and can be disassembled and cleaned. The end of the filter pipe seat 361 is provided with a filter plate. The filter plate can also be designed to be disassembled. The spinning sleeve 363 is used for pressing and mounting. The solid of the Qianhuangbai in the extraction kettle 1 directly enters the extraction assembly 3. The cleaning and anti-blocking pressure of the extraction assembly 3 and the compensation assembly 4 is reduced.

[0081] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 4 The sleeve one 31 is provided with a heat exchange cavity one 314 in the axial direction, the top and bottom ends of the heat exchange cavity one 314 are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe one 311 and a drain pipe one 312, the sleeve two 33 is provided with a heat exchange cavity two 334 in the axial direction, the top and bottom ends of the heat exchange cavity two 334 are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe two 331 and a drain pipe two 332, the water inlet pipe one 311 and the drain pipe one 312 provide cooling liquid for the heat exchange cavity one 314 from bottom to top, the water inlet pipe two 331 and the drain pipe two 332 provide cooling liquid for the heat exchange cavity two 334 from bottom to top, the internal extraction liquid is contacted and cooled, and the design of the communication cavity 324 and the joint two 32 between the heat exchange cavity one 314 and the heat exchange cavity two 334 are provided with the communication cavity 324, which can make the heat exchange cavity one 314 and the heat exchange cavity two 334 inside connected, so that the cooling liquid can enter the joint two 32, and the joint two 32 can be cooled, to avoid the leakage caused by the large difference between the thermal expansion of the joint two 32 and the sleeve one 31 and the sleeve two 33, and when cleaning the heat exchange cavity one 314 and the heat exchange cavity two 334, the water inlet pipe two 331 can be directly entered from the drain pipe one 312, and the integrated flushing can be carried out, so that the maintenance efficiency is high.

[0082] In a further embodiment, in order to fully cool, referring to Figure 5 The sleeve three 35 is horizontally arranged, the sleeve three 35 includes a continuous ring cavity one 354, a ring cavity two 355 and a ring cavity three 356, the ring cavity one 354 and the ring cavity three 356 are arranged at both ends of the ring cavity two 355, and the inner layer of the sleeve three 35 is provided with a heat exchange fin 353 at the ring cavity two 355, when the lower layer of turbid liquid flows, the cooling liquid in the ring cavity two 355 contacts and radiates heat to the lower layer of turbid liquid, the heat exchange fin 353 increases the contact area, and the ring cavity one 354 and the ring cavity three 356 are arranged, the middle segment of the ring cavity one 354 is provided with a water inlet pipe three 351, and the middle segment of the ring cavity three 356 is provided with a drain pipe three 352, so that the cooling liquid can quickly fill the entire ring cavity two 355 without being blocked by the heat exchange fin 353, and the cooling liquid is completely and uniformly wrapped, the water collector two 39 is arranged at the lower end of the water inlet pipe three 351 in parallel with the water inlet pipe one 311 and the water inlet pipe two 331, and the water collector one 38 is arranged at the lower end of the drain pipe three 352 in parallel with the drain pipe one 312 and the drain pipe two 332, so that the liquid supply is unified, the external cooling liquid circulation equipment is connected, the external cooling liquid circulation equipment does not need to be connected respectively, the pipe laying difficulty and the total length of the pipeline are reduced, because the connection end of the sleeve one 31, the sleeve two 33 and the sleeve three 35 is easy to be damaged due to cold and hot expansion, so this section is arranged separately, which can be separately disassembled, and maintenance and replacement are facilitated.

[0083] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract solution sampling device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of extraction device, including: Extraction assembly (3), including joint one (36), joint two (32) and joint three (37) installed through from top to bottom along the side wall of extraction kettle (1), sleeve one (31) is connected between the joint one (36) and joint two (32), joint four (34) is provided at the equal height of joint three (37) by sleeve two (33) lower end of joint two (32), sleeve three (35) is connected between the joint four (34) and joint three (37), the outer connection cold source of sleeve one (31), sleeve two (33) and sleeve three (35), the inlet end of joint one (36), joint two (32) and joint four (34) are each provided with metering valve (322, 341 and 362); Compensation assembly (4), including U-shaped tube (41), the bottom of the U-shaped tube (41) is installed with shell (42), the inside of the shell (42) is installed with inner sleeve (46) to form partition cavity (47), the partition cavity (47) is embedded with spiral pipe (45), the bottom of the spiral pipe (45) is connected with the outlet end of joint four (34) by U-shaped tube (41), the top of the spiral pipe (45) extends into shell (42) higher than the top surface of partition cavity (47), the middle part of the shell (42) is slidably installed with sliding plug (443) along the height direction, the sliding plug (443) is installed with blade (441) at the top of the spiral pipe (45) by middle rod (44); Conveying assembly, including valve one (9), pump (8) and valve two (7), the valve one (9) is connected with the outlet of U-shaped tube (41), the valve one (9) is connected with pump (8), the outlet end of pump (8) is provided with valve two (7), the valve two (7) is three-way reversing valve, the valve two (7) is communicated with the supernatant in extraction kettle (1) by backflow pipe (71); Output assembly (6), including quick plug (61), the quick plug (61) is communicated with valve two (7), the lower end of the quick plug (61) is inserted with quick socket (62), the outlet end of the quick socket (62) is installed with sealing plug (63), the inside of the sealing plug (63) is provided with independent liquid passage (621), the liquid passage (621) is communicated with quick plug (61).

2. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes gas supply assembly (5), the gas supply assembly (5) includes gas source (51), the gas source (51) provides inert gas for output assembly (6) by hose (53), the lower end of the sealing plug (63) is movably inserted with light shielding bottle (67), the sealing plug (63) is provided with air inlet channel (64) and exhaust channel (65), the exhaust channel (65) is communicated with the atmosphere, the end of the exhaust channel (65) is provided with one-way valve (66), the air inlet channel (64) is communicated with hose (53).

3. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas source (51) is connected with a spare pipe (52), the spare pipe (52) is divided into a cover (521) and a spring pipe (522), the cover (521) is fixed on the top of the shell (42) and is in sliding contact with the vertical side wall of the sliding plug (443), and the spring pipe (522) is installed in the cover (521) and is arranged between the top surface of the sliding plug (443) and the top surface of the cover (521).

4. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further comprising a base (10), the base (10) is provided with a support (101) corresponding to the bottom surface of the light shielding bottle (67), the support (101) can slide vertically along the base (10), and the support (101) is connected with the base (10) through a spring.

5. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the shell (42) is provided with a liquid inlet (451) and a liquid outlet (48), the bottom opening of the spiral pipe (45) is connected with the liquid inlet (451) through a relay pipe, the liquid outlet (48) and the partition cavity (47) are not communicated with each other, the shell (42) is communicated with the valve one (9) through the liquid outlet (48), the middle rod (44) is provided with a scattering piece (442) along the central axis of the spiral pipe (45), and the shell (42) is provided with an outlet pipe (421) and an inlet pipe (422) corresponding to the top and bottom of the partition cavity (47), respectively, and the partition cavity (47) is connected with a circulating cold source through the outlet pipe (421) and the inlet pipe (422).

6. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve one (9) is a three-way reversing valve, the lower end of the valve one (9) is provided with a waste pipe (91), the lower end of the waste pipe (91) is provided with a waste bucket (92), and the one-way pipe (71) is provided with a perspective piece (72) close to one end of the valve two (7).

7. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extracting solution sampling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint one (36) is provided with a filter pipe seat (361), the filter pipe seat (361) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the extraction kettle (1), a swaging sleeve (363) is rotatably connected with the outside of the filter pipe seat (361) through threads, the swaging sleeve (363) is sleeved and arranged at the inlet end of the joint one (36), and the joint two (32) and the joint three (37) are connected with the extraction kettle (1) in the same way as the joint one (36).

8. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sleeve one (31) is provided with a heat exchange cavity one (314) in the axial direction, the heat exchange cavity one (314) is provided with a water inlet pipe one (311) and a water outlet pipe one (312) at the top and bottom, respectively, the sleeve two (33) is provided with a heat exchange cavity two (334) in the axial direction, the heat exchange cavity two (334) is provided with a water inlet pipe two (331) and a water outlet pipe two (332) at the top and bottom, respectively, and the joint two (32) is provided with a communication cavity (324) between the heat exchange cavity one (314) and the heat exchange cavity two (334).

9. The Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sleeve three (35) is horizontally arranged, the sleeve three (35) comprises a continuous ring cavity one (354), a ring cavity two (355) and a ring cavity three (356), the ring cavity one (354) and the ring cavity three (356) are arranged at two ends of the ring cavity two (355), the inner layer of the sleeve three (35) is provided with a heat exchange fin (353) at the ring cavity two (355), the ring cavity one (354) is provided with a water inlet pipe three (351) at the middle segment, and the ring cavity three (356) is provided with a water outlet pipe three (352) at the middle segment.

10. The method of using the Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract sampling device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, Comprising the following steps: S1, open the metering valve one (362), metering valve two (322), metering valve three (341), cold source and valve one (9), extract the extract of Phellodendri Chinensis in the kettle (1) through the extraction assembly (3) to flow out in a consistent proportion, the upper clear liquid accounts for two tenths of the total amount, flows into the sleeve one (31) along the joint one (36) for cooling, the middle layer extract accounts for three tenths of the total amount, flows into the sleeve two (33) along the joint two (32) for cooling, and mixes with the clear liquid flowing down at the joint two (32), the lower turbidity accounts for five tenths of the total amount, flows into the sleeve three (35) along the joint three (37) for cooling, and mixes with the extract flowing down at the joint four (34) again; S2, the mixed extract enters the spiral pipe (45) in the shell (42) through the U-shaped pipe (41), and is accelerated by reducing the diameter at the spiral pipe (45), and is cooled to less than forty degrees Celsius by the heat exchange medium in the partition cavity (47), and forms a water flow along the tangent direction of the vertical inner wall of the partition cavity (47) at the top end of the spiral pipe (45), and splashes and falls around the blade (441) while the blade (441) is impacted and rotated under the limiting of the sliding plug (443) to mix the extract again; S3, the extraction kettle (1) does not stop during sampling, if the flash evaporation inner pressure fluctuates instantaneously, the sliding plug (443) in the compensation assembly (4) will go up, enlarge the internal volume of the shell (42), and slow down the inner pressure fluctuation; S4, open the pump (8) and valve two (7), valve two (7) connects the pump (8) and the quick connector (61), the sealing plug (63) is installed at the bottom end of the quick connector (61), the sealing plug (63) is inserted into the opening of the sampling bottle, and the sampling is sealed and guided, the decomposition of the effective substances in the Phellodendri Chinensis extract is inhibited, and the sampling accuracy is ensured; S5, after sampling, the cold source is closed, valve two (7) is reversed to connect the pump (8) and the extraction kettle (1) through the backflow pipe (71), the pump (8) is reversed, the upper clear liquid in the extraction kettle (1) is input into the compensation assembly (4) and the extraction assembly (3) to heat flush and clean the precipitated solid crystals, and the remaining Phellodendri Chinensis extract in the compensation assembly (4) and the extraction assembly (3) is transported back to the extraction kettle (1).

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