Battery heating film power distribution optimization method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery heat management, and discloses a battery heating film power distribution optimization method and device and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the total power of a heating film according to the specific heat capacity, mass and average heating rate of a battery cell; performing gridding multi-region division on the heating film by combining a battery cell module temperature field, and averagely distributing the total power to obtain the initial power of each region; performing optimization based on the difference between the initial simulation / actual measurement temperature of each region and the target temperature to obtain a first gradient optimization power; performing optimization in combination with the temperature after the first optimization and a preset temperature compensation coefficient to obtain a second gradient optimization power; and calculating the temperature range of each area during heating and heat preservation, judging whether the temperature range is smaller than a preset threshold, if so, outputting final power distribution, and otherwise, returning to the second gradient iterative optimization. The heating temperature difference of the battery module can be controlled within the preset threshold value, different battery cell models and module arrangement modes are adapted, the research and development verification period is greatly shortened, and the performance and the service life of the battery are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal management technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for optimizing the power distribution of a battery heating film. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, lithium-ion batteries are increasingly widely used in industrial and commercial energy storage, electric vehicles, and other fields. However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries deteriorates significantly in low-temperature environments, including increased internal resistance, capacity decay, and ineffective charging. Therefore, to ensure the stable and safe operation of battery systems in low-temperature environments, effective heating and insulation functions have become an essential requirement for residential and industrial / commercial energy storage products.

[0003] Currently, the most common low-temperature heating solution is to use a heating film to heat the battery cell module. Traditional heating film technology typically involves attaching one or more heating films to the surface of the battery cell module and employing a simple power distribution strategy, where the total heating power is evenly distributed across the area of ​​the heating film. While this "one-size-fits-all" uniform heating method is simple in structure and easy to implement, it has significant technical drawbacks: Because the arrangement, heat dissipation conditions, and thermal coupling effects of the cells within a battery module vary, the internal temperature field distribution is inherently uneven. Under uniform heating power, areas with faster heat dissipation, such as the edges and corners of the module, experience slower temperature rises, while the central area heats up quickly. This heating method can actually exacerbate the temperature difference between different cells within the battery pack. Actual measurements show that using a traditional heating film with uniform power distribution can result in a temperature difference between cells exceeding 12°C.

[0004] Excessive temperature differences can severely compromise the consistency of the battery pack, leading to overcharging or over-discharging of some cells, accelerating battery capacity degradation, and thus significantly reducing the cycle life of the entire battery pack. Furthermore, to meet increasingly stringent temperature difference requirements (e.g., requiring the maximum temperature difference during heating to be controlled within 5°C), designers need to repeatedly and time-consumingly select and adjust the position of heating films for different cell models and module arrangements. This greatly increases the design complexity and extends the product development and verification cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for optimizing the power distribution of a battery heating film, in order to solve the problems in the prior art where the heating power of the heating film is evenly distributed with the area, resulting in large temperature differences in the battery pack under different cell models and different module arrangements, which cannot meet increasingly stringent temperature difference requirements, and the design of the heating film power distribution is difficult and the research and development verification cycle is long.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the power distribution of a battery heating film, comprising: S1, the total power of the heating film is calculated based on the specific heat capacity, mass and average heating rate of the battery cell; S2, the power distribution of the heating film is divided into multiple regions by gridding according to the temperature field of the battery cell module, and the total power of the heating film is evenly distributed to each region of the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region; S3, based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature and the target temperature in each region, optimize the initial power of each region to obtain the power after the first gradient optimization; S4. Based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient, power optimization is performed to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization of each region. S5, calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of all regions during the heating and heat preservation period, and determine whether the difference is less than a preset threshold. If so, output the final power distribution; otherwise, return to step S4 to continue iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold.

[0007] The battery heating film power distribution optimization method provided in this invention fundamentally solves the drawbacks of the traditional average power distribution of heating films through a complete process of "total power calculation - initial allocation - gradient optimization - iterative verification". First, the total power is calculated based on the key parameters of the battery cell to ensure matching of basic heating requirements. Then, combined with the gridded division of the temperature field, a spatial foundation is laid for precise temperature control. Two gradient optimizations are performed to gradually adjust the power for "initial temperature difference" and "regional heat loss", respectively. Finally, iterative verification ensures that the temperature difference meets the target. Compared with traditional methods, this method avoids the problem of temperature differences exceeding 12°C caused by blind power allocation, and eliminates the need for complex preliminary experiments, significantly reducing the design difficulty for different cell models and module layout scenarios. Simultaneously, the iterative mechanism ensures that the temperature difference is stably controlled within the target range at ultra-low temperatures (-20°C), balancing temperature control accuracy and R&D efficiency, and providing a systematic solution for low-temperature heating of industrial and commercial energy storage and new energy lithium batteries.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the power calculation formula after the first gradient optimization is: in, The power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. The heating power is initially allocated to the nth region of the heating film. The initial simulation / measured temperature of the nth region of the heating film is T, where T is the target temperature. The ambient temperature.

[0009] The power calculation formula for the first gradient optimization provided by this invention offers a quantitative basis for "adjusting power based on temperature differences," solving the subjectivity problem of adjusting power based on experience in traditional optimization. The formula is based on the initial allocated power, combined with the difference between the target temperature and the initial simulated / measured temperature, and synchronously correlates the impact of ambient temperature on heating efficiency. This ensures that power adjustment not only specifically compensates for temperature differences but also adapts to external environmental interference. For example, when the initial temperature of a region is much lower than the target value, the formula can automatically calculate the required power increase, avoiding slow heating due to insufficient power; if the initial temperature of a region is close to the target value, only a small adjustment is needed to prevent overheating. This quantitative calculation method makes the first gradient optimization results more accurate and reproducible, reduces errors from different R&D personnel, and provides a more balanced power foundation for the subsequent second gradient optimization, effectively shortening the overall optimization cycle and ensuring the scientific nature and consistency of power adjustments across multiple regions.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the power calculation formula after the second gradient optimization is:

[0011] in, The power for the second gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. Let T be the power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film, and T be the target temperature. For ambient temperature, This represents the temperature corresponding to the first gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film. For ambient temperature, A preset temperature compensation coefficient is used, and its value is positively correlated with the regional heat loss value.

[0012] The second gradient optimization power calculation formula in this invention, building upon the first optimization, further focuses on "regional heat loss differences." By introducing a preset temperature compensation coefficient, it solves the problem of secondary temperature imbalance caused by different heat dissipation conditions in different areas of the same heating film. The formula uses the power and temperature after the first optimization as a benchmark, combining the target temperature with the compensation coefficient to accurately correct temperature deviations caused by regional heat loss. Areas with significant heat loss can receive higher power replenishment through the compensation coefficient, avoiding the problem of "temperature dropping back after optimization." Simultaneously, it clarifies that the compensation coefficient is positively correlated with the heat loss value, ensuring that power adjustment matches the actual regional heat loss, avoiding energy waste while effectively reducing regional temperature differences. Compared to optimization that only considers the initial temperature difference, this formula makes power adjustment more closely aligned with actual heat conduction laws, significantly improving the accuracy of the heating film's power distribution. This provides key technical support for subsequent iterative verification and is particularly suitable for complex module structures with significant differences in heat loss.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the value of the preset temperature compensation coefficient is determined according to the placement method of the battery cell module: When arranged horizontally, the temperature compensation coefficient is larger closer to both ends of the cell module, while the compensation value is zero in the middle area. When arranged vertically, the compensation value in the middle area is zero. The temperature compensation coefficient value is larger the closer to the bottom or top of the cell module, and the temperature compensation coefficient value of the bottom area of ​​the cell module is larger than that of the top area.

[0014] This invention addresses the issue of inconsistent compensation coefficients, where a single compensation coefficient cannot adapt to different layout scenarios, by determining the compensation coefficient based on the placement of the battery cell module. In a horizontal layout, the two ends of the module have a larger heat dissipation area and faster heat loss, requiring a larger compensation coefficient; the middle area has stable heat dissipation, so the compensation coefficient is zero to avoid overheating. In a vertical layout, the bottom is less affected by gravity, resulting in weaker heat accumulation and faster heat dissipation; therefore, the compensation coefficient is greater than that of the top. Simultaneously, the differences between the middle and edge areas are differentiated to ensure that the compensation logic aligns with the heat distribution patterns under gravity.

[0015] In one optional implementation, when the battery cell modules are horizontally arranged and the total number of regions is not less than 3, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: = =3~5, = =1~2, a3=…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region; When the battery cell module is vertically arranged and the first region is at the top, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: =2~3, =4~5, =1~2, =…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region.

[0016] By providing readily applicable quantitative standards for coefficient selection under different layout methods, this addresses the operational ambiguity caused by "only specifying rules but lacking concrete values." For horizontal layouts, the compensation coefficients are clearly defined as 3-5 for the two end areas, 1-2 for the areas immediately adjacent to the ends, and 0 for the middle area. This ensures that the compensation level at different locations precisely matches the actual heat loss; for example, a coefficient of 3-5 can effectively compensate for rapid heat dissipation in the end areas. For vertical layouts, a high coefficient of 4-5 at the bottom specifically addresses the issue of the fastest heat dissipation at the bottom, while a coefficient of 2-3 at the top accommodates the moderate heat dissipation needs at the top, avoiding insufficient or excessive compensation. These specific numerical ranges are derived from extensive experimental verification, balancing temperature control accuracy and energy efficiency. Researchers no longer need to spend time testing and determining coefficients; they can directly apply the values ​​to meet their needs, significantly lowering the operational threshold. Simultaneously, it ensures that different teams and projects use consistent compensation coefficient values ​​in the same layout scenario, improving the standardization and reproducibility of the algorithm and further shortening the research and verification cycle.

[0017] In one optional implementation, the preset threshold is 5°C to 8°C.

[0018] This invention provides a clear criterion for determining whether a temperature difference meets the standard by explicitly setting a preset threshold of 5℃ to 8℃, thus solving the problem of "vague temperature difference qualification lines" in traditional designs. This threshold range aligns with the actual performance requirements of industrial and commercial energy storage and new energy lithium batteries—a temperature difference of 5℃ to 8℃ ensures cell consistency and avoids reduced cycle life due to excessive temperature differences. It is also compatible with existing heating film technology and temperature detection accuracy, allowing threshold monitoring to be achieved without relying on ultra-high-end equipment. If the threshold is set too strictly (e.g., below 5℃), it will significantly increase the number of power iterations, prolonging the development cycle and increasing energy consumption; if the threshold is set too wide (e.g., above 8℃), it will fail to meet the consistency requirements for low-temperature cell heating. The 5℃ to 8℃ threshold balances "temperature control accuracy" and "implementation difficulty," ensuring that the algorithm can stably meet the temperature difference requirements in ultra-low temperature (-20℃) environments without excessively increasing design and operating costs. This provides a crucial criterion for the practical application of the entire optimization method, ensuring that the final heating effect meets battery usage standards.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery heating film power distribution optimization device, the device comprising: The heating film total power calculation module is used to calculate the total power of the heating film based on the specific heat capacity, mass, and average heating rate of the battery cell. The initial power calculation module is used to divide the power distribution of the heating film into multiple regions in a gridded manner according to the temperature field of the battery cell module, and to distribute the total power of the heating film evenly to each region of the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region. The first gradient optimization module is used to optimize the initial power of each region based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature and the target temperature of each region, and obtain the power after the first gradient optimization. The second gradient optimization module is used to optimize the power based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient, so as to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization in each region. The final power distribution output module is used to calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region during the heating and heat preservation period, and to determine whether the difference is less than a preset threshold. Otherwise, it returns to the second gradient optimization module to continue iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0021] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0022] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery heating film power distribution optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution gridding of the battery heating film according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal arrangement of battery cell modules according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical arrangement of battery cell modules according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a battery heating film power distribution optimization device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for optimizing the power distribution of a battery heating film is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a battery heating film power distribution optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S1: Calculate the total power of the heating film based on the specific heat capacity, mass, and average heating rate of the battery cell.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the heating film is a single piece of heating film wrapped around the surface of the battery cell. The total power of the heating film is calculated using the following formula: Where C is the specific heat of the battery cell. It reflects the amount of heat absorbed by the battery cell material to raise its temperature by a unit; m is the mass of the battery cell (kg), and v is the average heating rate (℃ / min), representing the average temperature increase of the battery cell per minute. Dividing by 60 is to convert the time unit from minutes to seconds so that the calculated power unit is watts (W), because power is defined as the work done or the rate of change of energy per unit time. This allows for an accurate determination of the total power required by the heating film to bring the battery cell to a specified heating rate.

[0030] Step S2: Divide the power distribution of the heating film into multiple regions by gridding according to the temperature field of the battery cell module, and distribute the total power of the heating film evenly to each region of the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region.

[0031] Specifically, this invention divides the power distribution of the heating film into multiple gridded regions based on the temperature change gradient of the battery cell module (e.g., Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the initial stage of battery heating film design, the initial distribution of heating power of the heating film is carried out by the average power distribution method, which is expressed as: Among them, P n The heating power is initially allocated to the n# region corresponding to the heating film, where n is the number of regions.

[0032] The average power allocation method allows for the rapid acquisition of initial power values ​​for each region, providing a foundation for further optimization. This avoids complex power allocation calculations at the outset, significantly shortening the design cycle and improving efficiency. Based on this averaged initial power, subsequent optimizations can be tailored to the actual temperature conditions of each region. Because the initial power of each region is defined and equal, comparing temperature differences between regions with the target temperature allows for a clearer assessment of which regions require increased power and which require decreased power. This makes power optimization more targeted and efficient. Furthermore, this gridded multi-region division and average power allocation method is highly scalable. Whether for battery modules of different sizes and shapes, or modules composed of varying numbers of cells, initial power allocation can be achieved by adjusting the number and method of region division and calculating the total power based on actual parameters, adapting to various application scenarios.

[0033] Step S3: Based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature and the target temperature in each region, optimize the initial power for each region to obtain the power after the first gradient optimization.

[0034] Specifically, the power calculation formula after the first gradient optimization is as follows: in, The power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. The heating power is initially allocated to the nth region of the heating film. The initial simulation / measured temperature of the nth region of the heating film is T, where T is the target temperature. The ambient temperature.

[0035] The first gradient optimization precisely adjusts the power of each region based on the difference between the initial simulation / actual temperature and the target temperature. For example, region 3 has the lowest initial temperature and a large gap with the target temperature. After the first gradient optimization, the power is increased significantly, allowing for more effective heating of this region and narrowing the temperature gap with the target. Conversely, region 4 has a relatively close initial temperature, so the power increase is smaller to avoid overheating. By adjusting the power differently in different regions, the potential temperature imbalance caused by the initial average power is broken, making the temperature of each region converge towards the target temperature more consistently. This quickly improves the matching degree between the temperature of each region and the target temperature, laying a good foundation for further optimization.

[0036] Step S4: Based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient, perform power optimization to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization of each region.

[0037] Specifically, due to the different locations of different areas in the battery cell module (such as the two ends of a horizontal arrangement, or the top or bottom of a vertical arrangement), the heat loss varies. The preset temperature compensation coefficient can adjust the power according to the location of the area. For example, the compensation coefficient of the two ends of a horizontal arrangement is larger, which can make up for more of their heat loss and make the temperature of each area more uniformly approach the target temperature. This solves the problem of large temperature difference caused by the uniform distribution of heating film power in the existing technology.

[0038] Specifically, the power calculation formula after the second gradient optimization in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0039] in, The power for the second gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. Let T be the power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film, and T be the target temperature. For ambient temperature, This represents the temperature corresponding to the first gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film. For ambient temperature, A preset temperature compensation coefficient is used, and its value is positively correlated with the regional heat loss value.

[0040] The value of the preset temperature compensation coefficient in this embodiment of the invention is determined according to the placement method of the battery cell module: 1. When arranged horizontally, the temperature compensation coefficient value is larger closer to both ends of the cell module, and the compensation value is zero in the middle area; when the cell module is arranged horizontally and the total number of areas is not less than 3, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: = =3~5, = =1~2, a3=…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region.

[0041] 2. When arranged vertically, the compensation value in the middle area is zero. The temperature compensation coefficient value increases closer to the bottom or top of the cell module, and the temperature compensation coefficient value of the bottom area of ​​the cell module is greater than that of the top area. When the cell module is arranged vertically and the first area is at the top, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is... =2~3, =4~5, =1~2, =…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, when the battery cell module is arranged horizontally, the heat dissipation conditions at both ends are usually better (e.g., a larger contact area with the outside air, a smoother heat dissipation path, etc.), resulting in faster heat loss; for example... Figure 4 As shown, when arranged vertically, the bottom area is affected by factors such as gravity, and the heat accumulation or dissipation is different from that at the top, with the bottom often experiencing more significant heat loss.

[0043] By setting compensation coefficients specifically according to the placement method, the insufficient temperature caused by heat dissipation differences in different areas of the same heating film can be accurately compensated, making the heating power of each area more closely match the actual heat demand. Based on the first gradient optimization, a second power optimization is performed by combining temperature compensation coefficients related to the placement method, which can adjust the power of each area more finely. For areas with large heat loss, such as the two ends of horizontally arranged units and the bottom of vertically arranged units, a larger compensation coefficient can allow these areas to receive more power, thereby reducing the temperature difference with other areas and further improving the overall temperature uniformity of the cell module, meeting the strict requirements for temperature difference during battery heating and heat preservation. Furthermore, the preset temperature compensation coefficient can be flexibly set according to the placement method of the cell module, which can be well adapted to different module layout scenarios, enhancing the versatility and practicality of the method. It eliminates the need to redesign complex power distribution models for different layout methods, reducing R&D costs and cycle time.

[0044] Step S5: Calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of all regions during the heating and heat preservation period, and determine whether the difference is less than a preset threshold. If so, output the final power distribution; otherwise, return to step S4 to continue iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold.

[0045] Specifically, the heating and holding period refers to the time it takes to heat to the target temperature. During the heating and holding period, the following conditions must be met for the final output power distribution to be achieved:

[0046] in, This represents the maximum temperature across all regions. This represents the maximum temperature across all regions. Through extensive research and practice in battery heating technology, numerous experiments, simulations, and real-world applications have shown that controlling the temperature difference between different regions within the cell module within 5°C to 8°C during heating and insulation satisfies the basic requirement for temperature uniformity during normal battery operation while achieving a good balance between the design complexity, cost, and energy efficiency of the heating system. Setting the temperature difference requirement too strictly (e.g., less than 5°C) significantly increases the difficulty of optimizing the heating film's power distribution, requiring more complex control algorithms and higher-precision hardware, leading to a substantial increase in cost and a longer development cycle. Conversely, setting the temperature difference requirement too leniently (e.g., greater than 8°C) fails to effectively guarantee battery performance and may trigger a series of battery problems. Therefore, the threshold value is set between 5°C and 8°C.

[0047] If the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures in all regions is not less than a preset threshold, the process returns to step S4 to continue iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures in each region reaches the preset threshold. The iterative optimization process is a continuous approximation of the target temperature uniformity. Each return to step S4 for power optimization is based on the temperature data from the previous optimization, allowing for more precise fine-tuning of the power, thereby improving heating accuracy and ensuring the cell module temperature better meets design requirements, satisfying the battery's stringent temperature demands under different operating conditions. During the iteration process, power is not blindly increased, but rather adjusted specifically based on temperature differences. This avoids energy waste caused by unreasonable power distribution, maximizing the heating system's energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption while ensuring temperature uniformity.

[0048] Through continuous iterative optimization, the power of each region can be continuously adjusted to make the temperature of each region of the battery cell module as uniform as possible. Uniform temperature distribution can avoid the adverse effects of excessively high or low local temperatures on battery performance, such as preventing some cells from being overcharged or over-discharged, or preventing inconsistent chemical reaction rates due to temperature differences, thereby improving the overall performance stability and lifespan of the battery.

[0049] The battery heating film power distribution optimization method provided in this embodiment solves the problem of large temperature differences (above 12°C) in battery pack heating caused by the average power distribution of the heating film in the prior art by performing multi-gradient optimization and iterative adjustment on the power distribution of the battery heating film. It can control the difference between the maximum and minimum temperature of each region during heating and heat preservation within 5°C to 8°C. Uniform temperature distribution can avoid adverse effects on battery performance caused by excessively high or low local temperatures, such as preventing overcharging or over-discharging of some cells, or inconsistent chemical reaction rates due to temperature differences, thereby improving the overall performance stability, cycle life and safety of the battery. The initial power of each region is obtained by the average distribution of total power, which simplifies the design process; the subsequent gradient optimization based on temperature differences and preset temperature compensation coefficients does not require a complex power distribution model, which reduces the complexity of R&D verification, shortens the R&D cycle and reduces R&D costs. The preset temperature compensation coefficient can be flexibly adjusted according to different placement methods of the battery cell module, such as horizontal or vertical, and can be adapted to various application scenarios. The iterative optimization mechanism can cope with complex factors such as differences in battery cells and changes in the external environment, so that the method can ensure temperature uniformity under different working conditions and has good versatility and robustness.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a battery heating film power distribution optimization device, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and will not be repeated as already described. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0051] This embodiment provides a battery heating film power distribution optimization device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes: The heating film total power calculation module 51 is used to calculate the total power of the heating film based on the specific heat capacity, mass and average heating rate of the battery cell. The initial power calculation module 52 is used to divide the power distribution of the heating film into multiple regions in a gridded manner according to the temperature field of the battery cell module, and to distribute the total power of the heating film evenly to each region of the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region. The first gradient optimization module 53 is used to optimize the initial power of each region based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature and the target temperature of each region, and obtain the power after the first gradient optimization. The second gradient optimization module 54 is used to optimize the power based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient, so as to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization in each region. The final power distribution output module 55 is used to calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region during the heating and heat preservation period, and to determine whether the difference is less than a preset threshold. Otherwise, it returns to the second gradient optimization module to continue iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold.

[0052] In some alternative implementations, the power calculation formula after the first gradient optimization is: in, The power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. The heating power is initially allocated to the nth region of the heating film. The initial simulation / measured temperature of the nth region of the heating film is T, where T is the target temperature. The ambient temperature.

[0053] In some optional implementations, the power calculation formula after the second gradient optimization is as follows:

[0054] in, The power for the second gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film. Let T be the power for the first gradient optimization in the nth region of the heating film, and T be the target temperature. For ambient temperature, This represents the temperature corresponding to the first gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film. For ambient temperature, A preset temperature compensation coefficient is used, and its value is positively correlated with the regional heat loss value.

[0055] In some optional implementations, the value of the preset temperature compensation coefficient is determined according to the placement method of the battery cell module: When arranged horizontally, the temperature compensation coefficient is larger closer to both ends of the cell module, while the compensation value is zero in the middle area. When arranged vertically, the compensation value in the middle area is zero. The temperature compensation coefficient value is larger the closer to the bottom or top of the cell module, and the temperature compensation coefficient value of the bottom area of ​​the cell module is larger than that of the top area.

[0056] In some optional implementations, when the battery cell modules are horizontally arranged and the total number of regions is not less than 3, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: = =3~5, = =1~2, a3=…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region; When the battery cell module is vertically arranged and the first region is at the top, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: =2~3, =4~5, =1~2, =…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region.

[0057] The battery heating film power distribution optimization device provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the battery heating film power distribution optimization method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 6 This diagram illustrates a suitable structural design for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from memory 608 into random access memory (RAM) 603. RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0060] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 605: input devices 606 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 607 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 608 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 609. Communication device 609 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 6 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0061] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 609, or installed from a memory 608, or installed from a ROM 602. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, it performs the functions defined in the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 6 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the battery heating film power distribution optimization method shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0064] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing power distribution of a battery heating film, the method comprising: determining a battery heating film power distribution optimization problem; and solving the battery heating film power distribution optimization problem. The method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the total power of the heating film according to the specific heat capacity, mass and average heating rate of the battery cell; S2, dividing the power distribution of the heating film into a grid multi-region according to the temperature field of the cell module, and evenly distributing the total power of the heating film to each region divided by the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region; S3, based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature of each region and the target temperature, optimizing the initial power corresponding to each region to obtain the power after the first gradient optimization; S4, based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient, optimizing the power to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization of each region; S5, calculating the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of all regions during the heating and insulation period, and judging whether the difference is less than a preset threshold value, if yes, outputting the final power distribution, otherwise returning to step S4 for iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold value.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The power calculation formula after the first gradient optimization is: wherein, Pn is the first gradient optimized power for the nth zone of the heating film, Pn is the first assigned heating power for the nth zone of the heating film, Tn is the first simulated / measured temperature for the nth zone of the heating film, T is the target temperature, T is the ambient temperature.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power calculation formula after the second gradient optimization is: wherein, Pn is the power for the second gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film, Pn is the power for the first gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film, and T is the target temperature, T is the ambient temperature, Tn is the temperature corresponding to the first gradient optimization of the nth region of the heating film, T is the ambient temperature, The preset temperature compensation coefficient is positively correlated with the value of the heat loss of the region.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The value of the preset temperature compensation coefficient is determined according to the placement mode of the cell module: When arranged horizontally, the temperature compensation coefficient value of the region closer to the two ends of the cell module is larger, and the compensation value of the middle region is zero; When arranged vertically, the compensation value of the middle region is zero, the temperature compensation coefficient value of the region closer to the bottom or top of the cell module is larger, and the temperature compensation coefficient value of the bottom region of the cell module is larger than that of the top region.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, When the battery cell modules are arranged horizontally and the total number of areas is not less than 3, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is: = =3~5, = =1~2, a3=…= =0, where This is the temperature compensation coefficient for the nth region; When the battery cell module is arranged vertically and the first region is located at the uppermost position, the preset temperature compensation coefficient is = 2~3, = 4~5, = 1~2, =… = 0, wherein is the temperature compensation coefficient of the nth region.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The preset threshold value is 5-8℃.

7. A battery heating film power distribution optimization apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises: a total power calculation module for calculating the total power of the heating film according to the specific heat capacity, mass and average heating rate of the battery cell; an initial power calculation module for dividing the power distribution of the heating film into a grid multi-region according to the temperature field of the cell module, and evenly distributing the total power of the heating film to each region divided by the heating film to obtain the initial power of each region; a first gradient optimization module for optimizing the initial power corresponding to each region based on the difference between the initial simulation / measured temperature of each region and the target temperature to obtain the power after the first gradient optimization; a second gradient optimization module for optimizing the power based on the temperature data corresponding to the power after the first gradient optimization and the preset temperature compensation coefficient to obtain the power after the second gradient optimization of each region; a final power distribution output module for calculating the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region during the heating and insulation period, and judging whether the difference is less than a preset threshold value, if yes, outputting the final power distribution, otherwise returning to the second gradient optimization module for iterative optimization until the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of each region reaches the preset threshold value.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The device comprises: a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the battery heating film power distribution optimization method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images