Material belt conveyor with self-adaptive tensioning mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of belt conveyors, in particular to a material belt conveyor with a self-adaptive tensioning mechanism, which comprises a conveying belt and an equipment main frame for mounting and supporting the conveying belt, and a driving roller and a driven roller for driving the conveying belt to convey materials are respectively arranged at two ends of the equipment main frame. A first servo motor used for driving the driving roller is fixedly mounted at the end, close to the discharging end of the conveying belt, of the equipment main frame, a rack is fixedly mounted at the top of the equipment main frame through bolts, and a long protective frame used for preventing the conveying belt from scattering in the material conveying process is fixedly mounted at the top of the rack; through cooperative adaptive adjustment of the self-adaptive tensioning scheduling assembly and the regional buffering assistance assembly, stable operation of the conveying belt can be achieved according to three typical working conditions of light load, heavy load and continuous feeding and instantaneous smashing, the problems of shaking, damage, material scattering and the like are effectively avoided, and conveying continuity and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of belt conveyor technology, specifically to a material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the upgrading demand for continuous and efficient material transportation in various fields such as industrial production and mining, material belt conveyors have become core conveying equipment. They are mainly composed of a drive unit, a load-bearing conveying unit, a tensioning unit, a redirection unit, a frame, and auxiliary protection devices. The working principle is based on friction drive and continuous load-bearing conveying. The drive unit drives the conveyor belt to circulate and realize the transfer of materials from the feed end to the discharge end.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 202010239059.1 discloses a conveyor with an adaptive tensioning device. This patent addresses the problem of traditional tensioning devices excessively pursuing conveyor belt tension while neglecting the inherent characteristics of the conveyor belt, easily leading to surface cracking after long-term stretching. It designs a technical solution including a frame, conveyor belt, drive roller, driven roller, drive mechanism, and self-adjusting tensioning device. Its core relies on a buffer spring that automatically reduces tension as the conveyor belt ages and elongates, preventing breakage due to excessive tension after aging and thus extending its service life. However, existing belt conveyor equipment of this type generally still uses a single, fixed tensioning structure and uniform... A standardized support system cannot dynamically adapt to different material conveying conditions, such as continuous light load with few materials, continuous heavy load with many materials, and continuous feeding with instantaneous impact. Under light load conditions, the mismatch between tension and support buffer can easily cause the conveyor belt to vibrate, resulting in material conveying deviation. Under heavy load conditions, excessive buffering and insufficient tension can lead to excessive stretching of the conveyor belt, accelerating equipment aging and damage. When faced with the instantaneous impact of continuous feeding, it is also difficult to effectively absorb impact energy and dampen vibration, which can easily cause local damage to the conveyor belt and material spillage. Overall, the operational stability and adaptability are poor, and it cannot meet the needs of conveying various types of materials with varying loads.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive tension belt conveyor technology solution that can adapt to various material conveying conditions, achieve regional buffering and adaptive tensioning coordination, have reliable anti-material spillage and stable operation guarantee functions, and can flexibly adapt to different on-site feeding conditions such as light load, heavy load, and instantaneous impact, thereby reducing equipment maintenance and operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the background art above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a frame for mounting and supporting the conveyor belt. Both ends of the frame are respectively equipped with a drive roller and a driven roller for driving the conveyor belt to convey materials. A first servo motor for driving the drive roller is fixedly installed at the end of the frame near the material discharge point. A frame is bolted to the top of the frame, and a protective frame is fixedly installed on the top of the frame to prevent spillage during material conveying. A scheduling component for adjusting the tension of the conveyor belt is located at the top of the frame near the material loading point.

[0008] Furthermore, the scheduling component includes two guide rods and a sliding frame. The guide rods are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the top of one end of the equipment frame. Both ends of the driven roller are movably connected to the inner sidewall of the sliding frame through bearings. Sliding sleeves are slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rods. Both ends of the sliding frame are fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding sleeves.

[0009] Furthermore, electric push rods are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the equipment frame near the sliding frame, and the output end of the electric push rods is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame.

[0010] Furthermore, buffer assist components are provided at the material feeding end, the material conveying middle section, and the material discharging end at the top of the equipment frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the buffer assist assembly includes two guide rails fixedly installed on the outer side walls of the equipment frame and a support cross plate fixedly installed on the inner side of the equipment frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the guide rail is rotatably connected to a threaded rod, the inside of the guide rail is slidably connected to a slide block, and the slide block is threadedly connected to the threaded rod through a threaded groove through the side wall. The inner side wall of the slide block is fixedly connected to a linkage frame.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple sets of support sleeves are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, a support main shaft is slidably connected inside the support sleeve, a pallet frame is fixedly connected to the top of the support main shaft, and a support roller adapted to the conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the top of the pallet frame.

[0014] Furthermore, both ends of the pallet frame are fixedly connected to arms, the bottom end of the arms is fixedly connected to a support block, and the side wall of the support block is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve. The top and bottom ends of the movable sleeve are respectively provided with polygonal cross-sections that are not interconnected. A matching movable rod is slidably connected in the movable groove. A bracket is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod outside the movable sleeve. A linkage roller is rotatably connected in the bracket. An annular limiting roller groove that matches the linkage frame is provided in the middle of the linkage roller.

[0015] Springs are fixedly connected inside both the support sleeve and the movable sleeve. The ends of the springs away from the support sleeve and the ends of the springs away from the movable sleeve are fixedly connected to the support main shaft and the end of the movable rod, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, a second servo motor for driving the threaded rod to rotate is fixedly installed on one of the outer ends of one of the guide rails, and gears are fixedly connected to the ends of the threaded rods on the other outer ends of both guide rails, with the two corresponding gears being driven by a chain.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention, through the coordinated operation of the adaptive tensioning scheduling component and the regional buffering assist component, can achieve precise adaptation and adjustment for three typical material conveying conditions: continuous light load with little material, continuous heavy load with many materials, and continuous feeding with instantaneous impact. It effectively solves the problems of vibration, excessive stretching damage, and impact vibration that easily occur in the conveyor belt under different conditions. At the same time, combined with the protective long frame, it comprehensively avoids spillage and deviation during the material conveying process, ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt under various conditions.

[0019] 2. The regional buffering and dynamic tension adjustment mechanism of this invention significantly improves the stress rationality and operational durability of the conveyor belt. Under light load, it suppresses vibration through flexible buffering, and under heavy load, it avoids excessive stretching through rigid support. Under impact conditions, it absorbs energy and attenuates vibration through graded buffering. This reduces the failure rate and maintenance cost of the conveyor belt, and improves the continuity and accuracy of material conveying. It is suitable for various types of material conveying scenarios with variable loads and has strong practicality and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the conveyor belt structure in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail installation position in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support roller structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the linkage frame structure in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slide structure in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding frame structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the support sleeve in this invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 100, conveyor belt; 200, equipment frame; 300, first servo motor; 301, driving roller; 302, driven roller; 4, frame; 5, protective long frame; 601, guide rod; 602, sliding frame; 603, sliding sleeve; 604, electric push rod; 701, guide rail; 702, support cross plate; 703, threaded rod; 704, slide block; 705, linkage frame; 706, support sleeve; 707, support spindle; 708, support roller; 709, arm; 710, movable sleeve; 711, movable rod; 712, linkage roller; 8, pallet frame; 9, gear; 10, chain. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: As Figures 1-9 As shown, the core of this invention lies in the coordinated operation of an adaptive tensioning scheduling component and a zoned buffer assist component to achieve precise adaptation for different material conveying conditions, ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt 100 under various conditions and avoiding problems such as shaking, damage, or material spillage. The overall operation of the equipment is based on the conveyor belt 100 as the core conveying carrier. The equipment frame 200 is used to install and support each component. The drive roller 301 drives the conveyor belt 100 under the drive of the first servo motor 300. The driven roller 302 rotates synchronously with the conveyor belt 100 to achieve continuous material conveying. The protective frame 5 provides protection against spillage of the conveyed material throughout the process. At the same time, multiple sets of guide rollers and conveyor rollers on the equipment frame 200 help ensure the stability of the conveyor belt 100.

[0033] Based on three typical working conditions in material conveying—continuous low material load (light load, belt prone to shaking), continuous high material load (heavy load, belt easily damaged), and continuous feeding with instantaneous impact (material constantly falling, belt subjected to continuous impact)—this invention divides the conveyor belt 100 into three areas: the material loading end, the material conveying middle section, and the material discharging end. Each area is equipped with a buffer assist component. Combined with the tension adjustment function of the scheduling component, it achieves adaptive operation under various working conditions. Specifically, it is a material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism, including the conveyor belt 100 and equipment for installing and supporting the conveyor belt 100. The equipment frame 200 has a drive roller 301 and a driven roller 302 at both ends for driving the conveyor belt 100 to convey materials. A first servo motor 300 for driving the drive roller 301 is fixedly installed at the end of the equipment frame 200 near the material discharge of the conveyor belt 100. A frame 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the equipment frame 200 by bolts. A protective frame 5 for preventing spillage of materials during material conveying by the conveyor belt 100 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 4. A scheduling component for adjusting the tension of the conveyor belt 100 is provided at the top of the equipment frame 200 near the material loading end.

[0034] The scheduling component includes two guide rods 601 and a sliding frame 602. The guide rods 601 are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the top of one end of the equipment frame 200. Both ends of the driven roller 302 are movably connected to the inner sidewall of the sliding frame 602 through bearings. Sliding sleeves 603 are slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rods 601. Both ends of the sliding frame 602 are fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding sleeves 603. Electric push rods 604 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the equipment frame 200 near the sliding frame 602. The output end of the electric push rod 604 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame 602.

[0035] The material feeding end, material conveying middle section, and material discharge end at the top of the equipment frame 200 are all equipped with buffer assist components.

[0036] Example 2: The buffer assist component includes two guide rails 701 fixedly installed on the outer side walls of the equipment frame 200 and a support cross plate 702 fixedly installed on the inner side of the equipment frame 200. The inner cavity of the guide rail 701 is rotatably connected to a threaded rod 703. The inner side of the guide rail 701 is slidably connected to a slide block 704, and the slide block 704 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 703 through a threaded groove through the side wall. The inner side wall of the slide block 704 is fixedly connected to a linkage frame 705.

[0037] Multiple sets of support sleeves 706 are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 702. A support main shaft 707 is slidably connected inside the support sleeve 706. A pallet frame 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the support main shaft 707. A support roller 708 adapted to the conveyor belt 100 is rotatably connected to the top of the pallet frame 8. Arms 709 are fixedly connected to both ends of the pallet frame 8. A support block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arm 709. A movable sleeve 710 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support block. Movable grooves with polygonal cross sections and not connected to each other are opened at the top and bottom ends of the movable sleeve 710. A matching movable rod 711 is slidably connected inside the movable groove. A bracket is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod 711 outside the movable sleeve 710. A linkage roller 712 is rotatably connected inside the bracket. An annular limiting roller groove adapted to the linkage frame 705 is opened in the middle of the linkage roller 712.

[0038] Springs are fixedly connected inside both the support sleeve 706 and the movable sleeve 710. The ends of the springs away from the support sleeve 706 and the movable sleeve 710 are fixedly connected to the ends of the support spindle 707 and the movable rod 711, respectively. A second servo motor for driving the threaded rod 703 to rotate is fixedly installed on one end of the outer side of one of the guide rails 701. Gears 9 are fixedly connected to the ends of the threaded rod 703 on the other ends of the two guide rails 701. The two corresponding gears 9 are driven by a chain 10.

[0039] Multiple sets of guide rollers for assisting the conveyor belt 100 to carry out stable conveying are fixedly installed on the top of the equipment frame 200, and multiple sets of conveyor rollers for assisting the conveyor belt 100 to carry out stable conveying are provided in the inner cavity of the equipment frame 200.

[0040] Combining Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, this invention adjusts the operation based on three typical working conditions during material conveying: continuous low material load (light load, belt prone to shaking), continuous high material load (heavy load, belt easily damaged), and continuous feeding with instantaneous impact (material continuously falling, belt subjected to continuous impact).

[0041] The working principle under the first typical working condition: continuous low material (light load, prone to shaking) condition:

[0042] Under continuous light-load conditions with low material volume, conveyor belt 100 is prone to vibration due to its smaller load capacity, affecting the stability of material conveying. To address this condition, the equipment employs coordinated adjustment of the scheduling components and buffer assist components in each zone to enhance buffer support capacity and suppress conveyor belt 100 vibration. The specific drive adjustment process is as follows:

[0043] As the initial area where materials enter the conveyor belt 100, the material feeding end is prone to material deviation due to vibrations of the conveyor belt 100 under light load conditions. Therefore, the buffer support component in this area needs to maintain strong buffer support capacity. During the driving process, the second servo motor corresponding to the material feeding end starts, and through the linkage of gear 9 and chain 10, it drives the threaded rod 703 in the guide rails 701 on both sides to rotate synchronously. This drives the slide 704 to move along the guide rail 701 towards the wide groove section of the limiting frame groove. The slide 704 synchronously drives the linkage frame 705 to move. As the linkage frame 705 moves, the linkage roller 712 gradually enters the wide groove section area under the guidance of the limiting frame groove. During this process, the movable rod 711 moves along the polygonal movable groove of the movable sleeve 710 under the drive of the linkage roller 712, and the spring in the movable sleeve 710 gradually relaxes. Meanwhile, the support roller 708 on the support plate 702, through the sliding engagement between the support main shaft 707 and the support sleeve 706, and in conjunction with the relaxed spring inside the support sleeve 706, forms a flexible support for the conveyor belt 100. At this time, the buffering capacity of the material feeding end buffer assist component is at its optimal state, effectively absorbing the vibration caused by slight impacts of the material during feeding, while providing stable support for the shaking conveyor belt 100 and preventing feeding deviation due to the shaking of the conveyor belt 100.

[0044] The middle section of the material conveying system is the core area for stable material transport. Vibration of the conveyor belt 100 under light load conditions directly affects conveying stability; therefore, this area requires continuous and stable strong cushioning support. Its driving logic is consistent with the material loading end. The corresponding second servo motor drives the threaded rod 703 to rotate, which in turn moves the linkage frame 705 via the slide 704, stabilizing the linkage roller 712 within the wide groove of the limiting frame slot. At this time, the spring inside the movable sleeve 710 remains relaxed, and the spring inside the support sleeve 706 is also simultaneously in a relaxed engagement state. The support roller 708 provides uniform and flexible support to the conveyor belt 100. Through the strong cushioning capability, vibration of the conveyor belt 100 during light load operation is effectively suppressed, ensuring that the material can be smoothly conveyed forward in the middle section of the conveying system, avoiding material slippage or deviation.

[0045] The material discharge end is the terminal area where the material leaves the conveyor belt 100. Under light load conditions, vibration of the conveyor belt 100 can easily cause the material discharge position to deviate, affecting the accuracy of subsequent feeding processes. The buffer assist component in this area also adopts a strong buffer support drive adjustment method. The second servo motor drives the linkage frame 705 to move, so that the linkage roller 712 is in the wide groove section of the limit frame groove. The springs of the movable sleeve 710 and the support sleeve 706 are both kept in a relaxed state. The support roller 708 provides stable buffer support for the conveyor belt 100, ensuring that the material can smoothly leave the conveyor belt 100 at the discharge end and ensuring feeding accuracy.

[0046] At the same time, the scheduling components work in sync to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt 100. The electric push rod 604 drives the slide frame 602 and the slide sleeve 603 to move along the guide frame rod 601, which in turn drives the driven roller 302 to make a small displacement. This adjusts the tension of the conveyor belt 100 to a tension suitable for light load conditions, preventing the conveyor belt 100 from shaking due to excessive loose tension or energy waste due to excessive tight tension. This works in conjunction with the buffer and assist components in each area to ensure stable conveying under light load conditions.

[0047] The working principle under the second typical working condition: continuous multi-material (heavy load, belt easily damaged) working condition:

[0048] Under continuous heavy-load conditions with multiple materials, the conveyor belt 100 bears a large material load. If the buffering is excessive, it can easily lead to overstretching of the conveyor belt 100, which will cause damage to the conveyor belt 100 in the long run. Therefore, the core objective is to reduce the buffering capacity and enhance the tension stability of the conveyor belt 100 to avoid damage to the conveyor belt 100 due to overstretching. The specific drive adjustment process is as follows:

[0049] As the starting point for load bearing, the material feeding end must prioritize ensuring the stability of the conveyor belt 100 tension under heavy load conditions to avoid excessive buffering leading to stretching. During the drive process, the second servo motor corresponding to the material feeding end starts, driving the threaded rod 703 in the guide rails 701 on both sides to rotate in the opposite direction through the linkage of gear 9 and chain 10. This drives the slide 704 to move along the guide rail 701 towards the narrow section of the limiting frame groove. The slide 704 simultaneously drives the linkage frame 705 to move. As the linkage frame 705 moves, the linkage roller 712 gradually enters the narrow section area under the guidance of the limiting frame groove. The movable rod 711 moves along the polygonal movable groove of the movable sleeve 710 under the drive of the linkage roller 712, compressing the spring in the movable sleeve 710 and gradually tightening the spring. At the same time, the spring inside the support sleeve 706 on the support cross plate 702 also tightens synchronously with the force change of the support main shaft 707. The support roller 708 for the conveyor belt 100 changes from flexible buffering to rigid support. At this time, the buffering capacity of the material feeding end buffer assist component is weakened, and the tension adjustment capacity is weakened at the same time. This can effectively prevent the conveyor belt 100 from bearing additional tensile force due to excessive buffering, ensure the tension stability of the conveyor belt 100 in the initial stage of heavy load, and prevent excessive deformation.

[0050] The middle section of the material conveying system bears a continuous heavy load and is the critical area where the conveyor belt 100 is most vulnerable to damage. Strict control of the buffering capacity is necessary to ensure stable tension. The driving logic of the buffering assist component in this area is consistent with that at the material feeding end. After the corresponding second servo motor starts, it drives the threaded rods 703 on both sides to rotate synchronously through gear 9 and chain 10. This drives the slide block 704 to move the linkage frame 705 towards the narrow groove section, ensuring that the linkage roller 712 is stably positioned within the narrow groove of the limiting frame slot. At this time, the spring in the movable sleeve 710 is fully compressed and tightened, and the spring in the support sleeve 706 also remains taut. The support roller 708 provides rigid support for the conveyor belt 100. Under rigid support, the buffering assist component hardly produces any buffering deformation, preventing excessive stretching of the conveyor belt 100 due to excessive buffering stroke. Simultaneously, the rigid support disperses the local pressure of the heavy-load material on the conveyor belt 100, further improving the tension stability of the conveyor belt 100 and preventing fatigue damage caused by long-term heavy loads.

[0051] Although there is no continuous heavy load at the material discharge end, the material is prone to instantaneous tension when it leaves the conveyor belt 100, so it is still necessary to ensure stable tension. The buffer assist component in this area also adopts a drive adjustment method with reduced buffering capacity. The second servo motor drives the linkage frame 705 to move, so that the linkage roller 712 is in the narrow section of the limit frame groove. The springs in the movable sleeve 710 and the support sleeve 706 are kept taut, and the support roller 708 provides rigid support for the conveyor belt 100. The rigid support can effectively resist the instantaneous tension when the material leaves, and avoid the local tensile deformation of the conveyor belt 100 due to the instantaneous tension. At the same time, in conjunction with the tension adjustment of the scheduling component, it ensures the overall tension stability of the conveyor belt 100 and ensures the smoothness of the discharge process under heavy load conditions.

[0052] Under this operating condition, the scheduling components synchronously adapt and adjust. The electric push rod 604 drives the sliding frame 602 and the sliding sleeve 603 to move along the guide frame rod 601, causing the driven roller 302 to move away from the driving roller 301, appropriately increasing the tension of the conveyor belt 100. The increased tension can improve the load-bearing capacity of the conveyor belt 100, preventing the conveyor belt 100 from slipping or excessively sagging due to heavy materials. In conjunction with the rigid support state of the buffer and assist components in each area, a strong tension and rigid support adaptation mode is formed, comprehensively ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt 100 under heavy load conditions and preventing the conveyor belt 100 from being damaged.

[0053] The working principle of the third typical working condition: instantaneous impact during continuous feeding (material falls continuously and is subjected to continuous impact):

[0054] Under continuous feeding and instantaneous impact conditions, the material continuously falls and impacts the conveyor belt 100, which can easily lead to severe vibration or localized damage to the conveyor belt 100. Therefore, the core objective is to improve the buffering capacity to absorb impact energy while ensuring basic tension stability. The specific drive adjustment process is as follows:

[0055] The material feeding end is the direct area affected by continuous impacts and is the core area for buffering and absorbing energy, requiring maximum buffering capacity. During the drive process, the second servo motor corresponding to the material feeding end starts, driving the threaded rods 703 on both sides to rotate synchronously through gear 9 and chain 10. This drives the slide block 704 to move the linkage frame 705 towards the wide groove section of the limit frame, stabilizing the linkage roller 712 within the wide groove section. At this time, the spring in the movable sleeve 710 is fully relaxed, and the spring in the support sleeve 706 also remains relaxed, with the support roller 708 providing flexible buffer support for the conveyor belt 100. As materials continuously fall and impact the conveyor belt 100, the instantaneous pressure of the conveyor belt 100 is transmitted to the support roller 708. The support roller 708, through the pallet frame 8, drives the support main shaft 707 to slide downward along the support sleeve 706, compressing the spring inside the support sleeve 706. Simultaneously, the pallet frame 8, through the arm 709, drives the movable sleeve 710 to move downward synchronously. The movable rod 711, under the limiting action of the linkage roller 712, moves along the movable groove of the movable sleeve 710, stretching or compressing the spring inside the movable sleeve 710. The elastic deformation of the double springs can fully absorb the impact energy generated by the material impact, significantly reducing the impact on the conveyor belt 100 and preventing the conveyor belt 100 from experiencing severe vibration or localized damage due to continuous impact.

[0056] Although there is no direct impact in the middle section of material conveying, continuous impacts can easily lead to vibration transmission, requiring strong buffering capacity to attenuate the vibration. The driving logic of the buffer assist component in this area is consistent with that at the material feeding end. The second servo motor drives the linkage frame 705 to move, so that the linkage roller 712 is within the wide groove of the limit frame slot. The springs in the movable sleeve 710 and the support sleeve 706 are both kept in a relaxed state, and the support roller 708 forms a flexible buffer support for the conveyor belt 100. The flexible buffer support can effectively attenuate the vibration transmitted from the material feeding end, preventing the vibration from continuously amplifying in the middle section of conveying and causing the conveyor belt 100 to shake more severely. At the same time, the buffer support ensures the smooth operation of the conveyor belt 100 and prevents material spillage caused by vibration.

[0057] There is no impact load at the material discharge end, but the conveying stability after vibration attenuation must be ensured, requiring a moderate buffering capacity. The driving adjustment method of the buffer assist component in this area is as follows: the second servo motor drives the linkage frame 705 to move, so that the linkage roller 712 is in the inclined section of the limiting frame groove. The inclined section connects the wide section and the narrow section. At this time, the springs in the movable sleeve 710 and the support sleeve 706 are in a semi-relaxed state, and the support roller 708 provides moderate buffering support for the conveyor belt 100. The moderate buffering support can further attenuate residual vibration and avoid tension fluctuations in the conveyor belt 100 due to excessive buffering, ensuring that the material can be smoothly discharged at the discharge end, while preventing vibration from causing the discharge position to deviate.

[0058] Under this condition, the scheduling component performs targeted tension adjustment. The electric push rod 604 drives the sliding frame 602 and sliding sleeve 603 to move along the guide frame rod 601, causing the driven roller 302 to make a small displacement, adjusting the conveyor belt 100 to a medium tension. Medium tension ensures that the conveyor belt 100 has sufficient tension to resist some impacts, avoiding excessive impact deformation due to excessive tension, while also reserving reasonable space for the elastic deformation of the buffer assist component, avoiding limitation of the buffer stroke due to excessive tension. The medium tension adjustment of the scheduling component, in conjunction with the graded buffering states of the buffer assist components in each area, forms a medium tension, graded buffering adaptation mode. Through strong buffering energy absorption at the material feeding end, vibration attenuation in the middle of the conveying section, and moderate buffering stability at the discharge end, the impact of instantaneous impacts from continuous feeding is comprehensively resisted, ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt 100.

[0059] In summary, the core of this invention is to achieve precise adaptation to different material conveying conditions through the coordinated operation of an adaptive tensioning scheduling component and a buffer assist component set in different areas, ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt 100. The equipment uses the conveyor belt 100 as the core conveying carrier, and the equipment frame 200 supports the installation of each component. The continuous material conveying is completed through the active roller 301, the driven roller 302, and the first servo motor 300. The protective frame 5, the correction device, and the conveyor rollers assist in ensuring stable conveying. For three typical working conditions—continuous low material (light load), continuous high material (heavy load), and continuous feeding with instantaneous impact—the conveyor belt 100 is divided into the feeding end, the conveying middle section, and the discharge end. The conveyor belt is equipped with three zones, each with a buffer support component. Combined with the tension adjustment function of the scheduling component, it achieves adaptive operation. Under light load conditions, the buffer support components in each zone adopt strong buffer support, and the scheduling component adjusts the tension to a suitable level to suppress vibration. Under heavy load conditions, the buffer support components in each zone reduce their buffering capacity and become rigid support, and the scheduling component increases the tension to prevent the conveyor belt from being damaged. Under continuous feeding and instantaneous impact conditions, the feeding end and the middle section of the conveyor use strong buffer support to absorb energy and attenuate vibration, while the discharge end uses medium buffer support, and the scheduling component adjusts the tension to a medium level. This comprehensively ensures the stable operation of the conveyor belt under various working conditions and prevents problems such as vibration, damage, and material spillage.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism, comprising a conveyor belt (100) and a frame (200) for mounting and supporting the conveyor belt (100), characterized in that, The two ends of the equipment frame (200) are respectively provided with an active roller (301) and a driven roller (302) for driving the conveyor belt (100) to convey materials. The end of the equipment frame (200) near the material discharge of the conveyor belt (100) is fixedly installed with a first servo motor (300) for driving the active roller (301). The top of the equipment frame (200) is fixedly installed with a frame (4) by bolts. The top of the frame (4) is fixedly installed with a protective long frame (5) for preventing spillage of materials during the material conveying process of the conveyor belt (100). The top of the equipment frame (200) near the material loading end is provided with a scheduling component for adjusting the tension of the conveyor belt (100).

2. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scheduling component includes two guide rods (601) and a sliding frame (602). The guide rods (601) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of one end of the equipment frame (200). Both ends of the driven roller (302) are movably connected to the inner side wall of the sliding frame (602) through bearings. The outer side of the guide rods (601) is fitted with a sliding sleeve (603). Both ends of the sliding frame (602) are fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding sleeves (603).

3. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, Electric push rods (604) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the equipment frame (200) near the slide frame (602), and the output end of the electric push rods (604) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide frame (602).

4. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material feeding end, material conveying middle section and material discharging end at the top of the equipment frame (200) are all equipped with buffer assist components.

5. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer support assembly includes two guide rails (701) fixedly installed on the outer side walls of the equipment frame (200) and a support cross plate (702) fixedly installed on the inner side of the equipment frame (200).

6. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the guide rail (701) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (703), and the inside of the guide rail (701) is slidably connected to a slide block (704). The slide block (704) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (703) through a threaded groove through the side wall. The inner side wall of the slide block (704) is fixedly connected to a linkage frame (705).

7. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the support plate (702) is fixedly connected to multiple sets of support sleeves (706), and a support spindle (707) is slidably connected inside the support sleeve (706). The top of the support spindle (707) is fixedly connected to a pallet frame (8), and the top of the pallet frame (8) is rotatably connected to a support roller (708) adapted to the conveyor belt (100).

8. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both ends of the pallet frame (8) are fixedly connected to arms (709). The bottom end of the arms (709) is fixedly connected to a support block. The side wall of the support block is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve (710). The top and bottom ends of the movable sleeve (710) are respectively provided with movable grooves with polygonal cross sections that are not interconnected. A matching movable rod (711) is slidably connected in the movable groove. A bracket is fixedly installed at one end of the movable rod (711) outside the movable sleeve (710). A linkage roller (712) is rotatably connected in the bracket. An annular limiting roller groove that matches the linkage frame (705) is provided in the middle of the linkage roller (712). Springs are fixedly connected inside both the support sleeve (706) and the movable sleeve (710). The ends of the springs away from the support sleeve (706) and the ends of the springs away from the movable sleeve (710) are fixedly connected to the support spindle (707) and the end of the movable rod (711), respectively.

9. The material belt conveyor with an adaptive tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, One of the guide rails (701) has a second servo motor fixedly installed on one of its outer ends for driving the threaded rod (703) to rotate. The other ends of the two guide rails (701) are provided with gears (9) fixedly connected to the ends of the threaded rod (703). The two corresponding gears (9) are driven by a chain (10).

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