High-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive wire test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive wire test device and a test method, the test device comprises a vertically arranged pressure-bearing container formed by connecting a plurality of pressure-bearing cylinders, the test device also comprises a deformation control device, the pressure-bearing container is a multi-degree-of-freedom pressure-bearing container, the top of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure-bearing container is connected with a foundation through a mounting flange, and the deformation control device is connected with the deformation control device. A sealing flange cover is installed at the bottom of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure-bearing container, the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure-bearing container is provided with a deformation unit, the deformation unit comprises a pressure-bearing barrel and an expansion joint installed on the pressure-bearing barrel, and the deformation control device is connected with the pressure-bearing barrel in the deformation unit and controls displacement of the pressure-bearing barrel. According to the invention, the expansion joint is adopted to enable the pressure-bearing container to generate controllable and settable deformation, and after installation, deformation units and deformation control devices arranged at different positions can generate various forms of deformation, so that more accurate control rod operation drive line simulation can be provided; and the control rod falling time and the performance life of the control rod drive wire can be conveniently researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant technology, specifically to a test device and test method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor control rod drive line. Background Technology

[0002] Modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (MTGRs) are my country's independently developed fourth-generation nuclear energy technology, and their inherent safety, high efficiency, and versatility have garnered widespread attention. The control rod drive mechanism is a crucial guarantee for the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Its function is to regulate reactor power during operation and, in the event of an accident, to shut down the reactor by dropping control rods in an emergency. The timing of the emergency rod drop is critical to reactor safety, and a significant factor affecting this timing is the deformation of the control rod operating channels, with friction between the channels and the control rods influencing the drop process. However, achieving channel deformation and interference between the channels and the control rods in experiments remains a technical challenge.

[0003] The inventors discovered that most industry-standard test setups for control rod drive lines are applicable to pressurized water reactors (PWRs), with limited research on test setups for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs). The structure of HTGRs differs significantly from that of PWRs, and the requirements for control rod drive line test setups also differ. Generally, PWR control rods operate in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment (temperature ≥ 320℃, pressure ≥ 15.4 MPa), and the control rods run within the guide tubes of the fuel assemblies, with a relatively short running distance (≥ 3.6 meters). Therefore, the drive line test setup only needs to meet the requirements for temperature, pressure, and running distance.

[0004] The control rods of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor operate in a high-temperature, high-pressure environment (approximately 250°C and 7 MPa), within channels constructed of graphite bricks, over a relatively long distance (≥11 meters). The testing apparatus must not only consider temperature, pressure, and operating distance, but also account for the impact of abnormal conditions such as earthquakes, overheating, or large aircraft impacts, which could cause graphite brick misalignment and deformation, affecting the control rod's operating space and thus its drop time. Existing testing apparatuses are typically fixed structures, capable of meeting only the requirements of temperature, pressure, and relatively short operating distances, and cannot meet the requirements of the long stroke and operating space deformation inherent in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control rod drive line test device and test method, which can simulate the operating space and test atmosphere of the control rod assembly. Since the deformation of the test device can be controlled, the misalignment deformation of graphite bricks can be simulated, and the influence of changes in the operating space on the drop time of the rod can be studied.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A test apparatus for a control rod drive line of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor includes a pressure vessel vertically arranged by multiple connected pressure-bearing cylinders, and a deformation control device. The pressure vessel is a multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel. The top of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel is connected to the foundation via a mounting flange, and the bottom is fitted with a sealing flange cover. The multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel has deformation units, each including a pressure-bearing cylinder and an expansion joint mounted on the pressure-bearing cylinder. The deformation control device is connected to the pressure-bearing cylinder in the deformation unit and controls the displacement of the pressure-bearing cylinder. Because the expansion joint has a certain degree of deformation freedom, by installing expansion joints (typically bellows expansion joints) between the pressure-bearing cylinders and pushing the pressure-bearing cylinders to displacement through the deformation control device, the entire pressure vessel will deform. Since multiple deformation units can be set and placed in different positions, the deformation can vary, thereby more accurately simulating the misalignment deformation of graphite bricks.

[0007] Expansion joints can be angular expansion joints, axial expansion joints, or a combination of angular and axial expansion joints.

[0008] The test apparatus also includes a support device, which is connected to the foundation and to the pressure-bearing cylinder under the axial expansion joint, and supports the pressure-bearing cylinder. The pressure vessel is vertically arranged, the axial expansion joint has axial freedom, and the pressure-bearing cylinder has its own weight. Therefore, supporting the pressure-bearing cylinder under the axial expansion joint makes the deformation controllable.

[0009] The support device includes lugs fixed to the pressure-bearing cylinder and a linear slide table slidably connected to the lugs, with the linear slide table fixed to the foundation.

[0010] The deformation control device is connected to the pressure-bearing cylinder with lugs to control the horizontal displacement of the pressure-bearing cylinder. The axial expansion joint, based on its structure, has three planar degrees of freedom: two rotational degrees of freedom and one axial elongation degree of freedom; the angular expansion joint has one planar degree of freedom, i.e., rotational degree of freedom. Through the lugs, linear slide, and deformation control device, the pressure-bearing cylinder of the deformation unit only undergoes horizontal displacement, enabling more accurate control of the deformation of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel.

[0011] The deformation control device includes a hinge seat, a fixed bracket, an electric push rod, and a controller. The fixed bracket is fixed to the foundation, the hinge seat is fixed to the cylinder wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder, one end of the electric push rod is fixed to the hinge seat, and the other end is connected to the fixed bracket through a hinge joint. The controller is used to control the extension or retraction of the electric push rod.

[0012] The angular expansion joints and axial expansion joints in the deformation unit are spaced apart between the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0013] The mounting flange has three threaded holes. The screw passes through the outer threaded hole to be fixed to the foundation, the screw passes through the middle threaded hole to be connected to the simulated head, and the screw passes through the inner threaded hole to be connected to the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0014] Some pressure-bearing cylinders are fitted with welded connecting flanges for connection to the gas supply system. This provides the necessary temperature, pressure, and media environment for the control rod drive line testing device.

[0015] A test method for control rod drive lines of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is provided, which uses the aforementioned test device for control rod drive lines of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. The pressure vessel is deformed by controlling the displacement of the pressure vessel connected to the deformation control device through a deformation control device.

[0016] An expansion joint is an elastic compensating element that can freely expand and contract. It is typically used to compensate for axial, lateral, and angular displacements in pipelines caused by factors such as temperature changes, mechanical deformation, or installation deviations, or to connect different parts of a pipeline system, giving the pipeline a certain degree of flexibility and thus reducing stress and deformation during pipeline operation.

[0017] This application utilizes expansion joints to induce controllable and programmable deformation in pressure vessels. Compared to existing rigid testing devices that use elbows or other methods to alter the control rod's drive line, this device, after installation, can induce various forms of deformation through deformation units and deformation control devices located at different positions. This provides more accurate simulation of the control rod's drive line, facilitating research on control rod drop time and the performance and lifespan of the control rod's drive line. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the control rod drive line pressure test device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support device and the pressure-bearing cylinder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the deformation control device and the pressure-bearing cylinder of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation unit structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the C-shaped deformation of the control rod drive line pressure test device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the S-shaped deformation of the control rod drive line pressure test device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the W-shaped deformation of the control rod drive line pressure test device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the maintenance flange.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel; 101. Mounting flange; 102. Pressure vessel with lugs; 1021. Hinge seat; 1022. Lug; 1023. Pin; 1024. Connecting flange; 103. Pressure vessel without lugs; 104. O-ring seal; 105. Axial expansion joint; 106. Angular expansion joint; 107. Sealing flange cover; 108. Inspection flange; 2. Deformation control device; 201. Electric actuator; 202. Fixed bracket; 203. Controller; 204. Hinge joint; 3. Linear slide; 4. Simulated head; 5. Control rod drive mechanism; 6. Simulated control rod assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a control rod drive line test device includes a multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 and a deformation control device 2. The multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 is mainly composed of multiple pressure-bearing cylinders connected vertically. The structure of the pressure-bearing cylinders is existing technology. They can be straight cylinders or variable diameter cylinders. The length of each pressure-bearing cylinder can be the same or different. These lengths can be set according to the specific situation of the graphite channel to be simulated.

[0031] The top of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 is connected to the foundation and the simulated head 4 via a mounting flange 101 and an O-ring seal 104. A sealing flange cover 107 is installed at the bottom. The top of the simulated head 4 is connected to the control rod drive mechanism 5, thus forming a closed space inside the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel, in which the control rod assembly simulated component 6 operates.

[0032] The mounting flange 101 has three threaded holes. The screw passes through the outer threaded hole to fix the mounting flange 101 to the foundation. The screw passes through the middle threaded hole to fix the mounting flange 101 to the simulated head 4. The screw passes through the inner threaded hole to fix the mounting flange 101 to the top pressure-bearing cylinder, so that the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 is set vertically.

[0033] The multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 has a deformation unit, which includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and an expansion joint installed between the pressure-bearing cylinders, see... Figure 4 As shown, the pressure-bearing cylinders in the deformation unit are connected by expansion joints. The expansion joints installed between the pressure-bearing cylinders are either axial expansion joints 105 or a combination of axial expansion joints 105 and angular expansion joints (a combination refers to the two types of expansion joints being directly connected by welding or flanges, without a pressure-bearing cylinder in between; this form is not shown in the figure, but those skilled in the art can understand it). To facilitate the explanation of the technical solution of this application, the number and placement of pressure-bearing cylinders and expansion joints in the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel shown in the figure or the following description are fixed. However, the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel shown in the figure is not the only one in this application and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can set multiple deformation units on the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel according to the actual situation of the graphite brick channels to be simulated, and the placement position can also be changed according to the actual situation. All these changes are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] The expansion joint on the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 is set as follows Figure 1 As shown, from top to bottom, angular expansion joints 105 and axial expansion joints 106 are spaced apart between the pressure-bearing cylinders. Since the axial expansion joint 106 has axial freedom, a support device is installed on the pressure-bearing cylinder below the axial expansion joint 106. The support device consists of lugs 1022 fixedly mounted on the pressure-bearing cylinder and a linear slide 3 fixed to the foundation. Therefore, the pressure-bearing cylinder is divided into a pressure-bearing cylinder 102 with lugs and a pressure-bearing cylinder 103 without lugs. Figure 2As shown, a linear slide 3 is fixedly installed on the foundation next to the pressure-bearing cylinder 103 with lugs. The lugs 1022 are connected to the linear slide 3 and can slide on the linear slide 3. The lugs 1022 and the linear slide 3 can support the pressure-bearing cylinder with lugs. The structure of the linear slide 3 can be a conventional structure, that is, it has a slide rail or a slide groove, and the lugs are set on the slide rail or slide groove.

[0035] The pressure-bearing cylinder 102 with lugs and the pressure-bearing cylinder 103 without lugs are sealed to the expansion joint via flanges or welding.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the deformation control device 2 includes a hinge seat 1021, a fixed bracket 202, an electric push rod 201, and a controller 203. The fixed bracket 202 is fixed to the foundation, and the hinge seat 1021 is fixed to the cylinder wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder section 102 by a pin 1023. One end of the electric push rod 201 is fixed to the hinge seat 1021, and the other end is connected to the fixed bracket 202 through a hinge joint 204. The controller 203 is used to control the extension or retraction of the electric push rod 201. The electric push rod and the controller that controls the electric push rod are existing technologies, and their internal structure and operating principle will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The deformation control device 2 is connected to the pressure-bearing cylinder 102 with supports, and controls the horizontal displacement of the pressure-bearing cylinder 102 with supports when deformation is required.

[0038] A flange 1024 is welded to the pressure vessel body, connecting to the gas supply system, which can supply high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1. This is used to maintain the pressure and medium atmosphere during the operational test of the control rod assembly simulator 6.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 of the control rod drive line test apparatus is equipped with a simulated head 4 and a control rod drive mechanism 5. A simulated control rod assembly 6 is installed inside. The simulated head 4 is connected to the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 via a mounting flange 101 and is sealed by an O-ring 104. Figure 8 As shown, the pressure-bearing cylinder is equipped with at least one maintenance flange to facilitate the connection, installation, and disassembly of the control rod and drive mechanism. One or more maintenance flanges can be installed on the pressure-bearing cylinder below the top foundation. The structure and connection method of the control rod drive mechanism 5 and the control rod assembly simulation component 6 are not part of the test device and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In this embodiment, four deformation control devices 2 are provided, and the number of deformation control devices 2 is determined according to the required deformation requirements. Example

[0041] This invention adopts Figure 1The test apparatus uses a deformation control device to control the horizontal displacement of the pressure vessel's cylinder, causing deformation and enabling a control rod drive line test. Specifically, it includes the following steps: (1) The simulated head 4 is installed on the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1; (2) After the control rod actuation mechanism 5 is connected to the control rod assembly simulation part 6, they are placed together into the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure container 1; (3) The control rod drive mechanism 5 is connected to the simulated head 4; (4) The gas supply system is connected to the gas supply system through the pipe flange 1024 on the pressure vessel. The gas supply system can evacuate the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 and then introduce high-pressure (7Mpa) and high-temperature (560℃) helium gas to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure operating environment for the control rod drive line. (5) The electric push rod of the deformation control device 2 starts to control the horizontal displacement of the pressure cylinder in the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1, causing the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 to deform.

[0042] The specific variations are as follows: When all the electric push rods in the deformation control device 2 are in the middle position, the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel 1 is straight and without misalignment. When the third deformation control device (starting from the top) extends its electric push rod using the controller, the electric push rod drives the pressure-bearing cylinder section to move, generating a distance L (approximately 50mm). The remaining deformation control devices remain stationary. At this time, the control rod drive line test device simulates the C-type misalignment of the reactor core, such as... Figure 5 As shown; When the first deformation control device (starting from the top) extends the electric push rod using the controller, the electric push rod drives the pressure-bearing cylinder section to move, creating a distance L (approximately 50 mm); when the second and third deformation control devices (starting from the top) retract the electric push rod using the controller, the electric push rod drives the pressure-bearing cylinder section to move, creating a distance -L (approximately -50 mm); when the fourth deformation control device extends the electric push rod using the controller, the electric push rod drives the pressure-bearing cylinder section to move, creating an eccentricity of distance L (approximately 50 mm), at this time, the control rod drives the line pressure test device to simulate the S-shaped misalignment of the reactor core, such as... Figure 6 As shown; When the first deformation control device (from top to bottom) retracts using the controller, the electric push rod moves the pressure-bearing cylinder section, creating a distance of -L (approximately -50mm); the second deformation control device extends using the controller, the upper electric push rod extends, and the pressure-bearing cylinder section moves, creating a distance of L (approximately 50mm); the third deformation control device retracts using the controller, the lower electric push rod retracts, and the pressure-bearing cylinder section moves, creating a distance of -L (approximately -50mm); the fourth deformation control device remains stationary. At this time, the control rod drive line pressure test device simulates the W-shaped misalignment of the reactor core, as shown... Figure 7 As shown.

[0043] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive line test device comprising a vertically disposed pressure vessel, characterized in that, The application further comprises a deformation control device, the pressure vessel is a multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel, the top of the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel is connected with a foundation through a mounting flange, the bottom is provided with a sealing flange cover, the multi-degree-of-freedom pressure vessel is provided with a deformation unit, the deformation unit comprises pressure cylinders and expansion joints arranged between the pressure cylinders, and the deformation control device is connected with the pressure cylinders in the deformation unit and controls the displacement of the pressure cylinders.

2. The test device for a control rod drive line of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized by The expansion joint is an angular expansion joint or an axial expansion joint or a combination of the angular expansion joint and the axial expansion joint.

3. The high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive line test device of claim 2, wherein, The application further comprises a support device, which is connected with the foundation and connected with and supports the pressure cylinders below the axial expansion joint.

4. The high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive line test device of claim 3, wherein, The support device comprises support lugs fixed on the pressure cylinders and linear sliding tables in sliding connection with the support lugs, and the linear sliding tables are fixed on the foundation.

5. The test device for a control rod drive line of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 4, characterized by The deformation control device is connected with the pressure cylinders with the support lugs and controls the horizontal displacement of the pressure cylinders.

6. The test device for a control rod drive line of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized by The deformation control device comprises a hinge seat, a fixed support, an electric push rod and a controller, the fixed support is fixed on the foundation, the hinge seat is fixed on the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder, one end of the electric push rod is fixed on the hinge seat, the other end is connected with the fixed support through a hinge joint, and the controller is used for controlling the extension or shortening of the electric push rod.

7. The high temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive line test device of claim 2, wherein, The angular expansion joint and the axial expansion joint in the deformation unit are arranged at intervals between the pressure cylinders.

8. The test device for a control rod drive line of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized by The pressure cylinders are provided with inspection flanges, which are convenient for the connection, installation and dismounting of the control rods and the driving mechanism.

9. The test device for a control rod drive line of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized by Some of the pressure cylinders are provided with pipe flanges welded thereon and connected with a gas supply system.

10. A test method for the control rod drive line of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, characterized in that, The high-temperature gas cooled reactor control rod drive line test device is used to control the displacement of the pressure cylinders connected with the deformation control device through the deformation control device, and the pressure vessel is deformed.

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